STD III
LESSON NOTE – MATHEMATICS ,
NOVEMBER/DECEMBER- 2023
UNIT – 4, MULTIPLICATION
THEME: NATURE/INVENTION
Write multiplication tables 1 to 10 in the notebook.
Explanation
*Multiplication is the operation of repeated addition of the same number.
*Eg:- 3+3 = 3x2
+ =
3 + 3 = 6
*Adding 3 two times equals multiplying 3 by 2.
CW Exercise TB page no. 127
*For each multiplication fact there is a corresponding addition fact.
Eg: 1) 2 x 2 = 4 (Multiplication fact)
2 + 2 = 4 (Addition fact)
2) 4 x 3 = 12 (Multiplication fact)
4 + 4 + 4 = 12 (Addition fact)
Exercise: Fill in the blanks
1
1) 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ………
2) 5 x 4 = ……………
3) 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = …….
4) 7 x 8 = …………….
HW 1) 9 x 6 = …………… 2) 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 = ………….
Terms used in multiplication
*When two numbers are multiplied, the number to be multiplied is called the
multiplicand.
*The number by which we multiply is called the multiplier.
*The result of the multiplication is called the product.
Eg. 4 x 5 = 20
Here, 4 is the multiplicand
5 is the multiplier
20 is the product
Properties of multiplication
1. When a number is multiplied by 1, the product is the number itself.
Eg. 1 9 x 1 =1 9
2345 x 1 = 2345
2. When a number is multiplied by 0, the product is always 0.
Eg. 63 x 0 = 0
3867 x 0 = 0
3. Two numbers are multiplied in any order give the same product.
Eg. 5x3=15 and 3x5 =15
Thus, 5x3 = 3x5
Exercise: Fill in the blanks
1) 13 x …… = 13
2) …… x 100 = 0
3) 4 x 6 = ….. x 4
4) 565 x ….. = 565
Multiplication by 10, 100 and 1000
2
1.To multiply a number by 10, write that number and put one zero on its right
side.
Eg: 24 x 10 =240
435 x 10 =4350
2.To multiply a number by 100, write that number and put two zeros on its right
side.
Eg: 3 x 100 = 300
28 x 100 = 2800
3. To multiply a number by 1000, write that number and put three zeroes on its
right side.
Eg: 5 x 1000 = 5000
9 x 1000 = 9000
Exercise:
1) 35 x 10 = ………
2) 68 x 100 = ………
3) 7 x 1000 = ……….
4) 99 x 100 = ………
5) 100 x 10 = ………
Mental Math Test-1
a) 6+6+6+6+6=____ x ____ =______
b) 453 x_______ = 453
c) Number of days in seven weeks =_______
d) 86 x _______ = 56 x 86
e) 5031 x 0 = __________
f) The answer in a multiplication sum is called the _______
g) 700 x 90 = _________
h) The total number of wheels on 30 cars will be_____
i) 1111 x 1= _______
j) 7 x 8 = ……..
k) 9 x 6 = ……..
3
Multiplication of 2-digit number by 1-digit number (without re-grouping)
Eg:-1) 43 x 2
T O
4 3
x 2
Exercise: - Multiply
CW
1) 13 x 2 2) 32 x 3 3) 11 x 9 4) 12 x 4
HW
1) 33 x 3 2) 22 x 4
Multiplication of 2-digit number by 1-digit number (with re-grouping)
Eg:-1) 12x5
T O
1 2
x 5
Exercise: - Multiply
CW
1) 18 x 3 2) 35 x 6 3) 54 x 3 4) 47 x 7
4
HW
1) 63 X 4 2) 29 X 2
TB page number-131 Ex. 4B (a,b,c and g)
Class test
Multiplication of 3-digit number by 1-digit number(without re-grouping)
Eg:-1) 123 x 2
H T O
1 2 3
x 2
Exercise: - Multiply
CW
1) 231 x 3 2) 342 x 2 3) 123 x 3 4) 110 x 4
HW
1) 603 X 3 2) 322 x 2
Multiplication of 3-digit number by 1-digit number(with re-grouping)
Multiply and find the product
Eg:-1) 218 x 3
H T O
2 1 8
x 3
5
Exercise – Multiply
CW
1) 256 x 2 2) 328 x 3 3) 123 x 8 4) 402 x 7
HW
1) 515 x 4 2) 713 X 6
TB page no -132 4B (d,e,f,h)
Class test
Multiplication of 4-digit number by 1-digit number(without re-grouping)
Eg:-1) 2314 x 2
Th H T O
2 3 1 4
X 2
Exercise: - Multiply
CW
1) 3012 x 3 2) 4123 x 2 3) 2130 x 3 4) 3224 x 2
HW
1) 2112 x 3 2) 3423 x 2
Multiplication of 4-digit number by 1 digit number (with re-grouping)
Eg:-1) 1654 x 4
Th H T O
1 6 5 4
X 4
6
Exercise :- Multiply
CW
1) 1124 x 5 2) 3247 x 3 3) 1424 x 5 4) 4523 x 4
HW
1) 1354 x 7 2) 2267 x 4
TB page no’s - 133 (Ex. 4C a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h)
Class test
Multiplication of 2-digit number by 2-digit number
Eg: -1) 43 x 12
H T O To multiply a number
by 20, 30 …. 90, write a
4 3 zero in the one’s place
and multiply the
X 1 2 remaining numbers
8 6
+ 4 3 0
5 1 6
Ans: 516
Exercise: - Multiply
CW
1) 12 x 16 2)34 x 59 3) 84 x 25 4) 36 x 47
HW
1) 64 X 12 2) 35 X 78
7
Multiplication of 3 digit number by a 2 digit number
Eg :-1) 213 x 42
Th H T O
2 1 3
X 4 2
Exercise: - Multiply
CW
1) 135 x 62 2) 312 x 24 3) 239 x 46 4) 704 x 73
HW
1) 229 x 36 2) 185 x 35
TB page no – 135 Ex. 4D (a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h)
Class test
Word problems
Eg: 1) A flower has 8 petals. A bunch has 24 flowers. How many petals are there
in the bunch?
Exercise
There are 2 bags of Apples. Each bag contains 12 Oranges. How many Oranges
are there in total?
TB page no’s -137 Ex. 4E (a,b,c,d)
8
Mental Math Test-2
a) One book has 100 pages. How many pages do 10 books have? _________
b) 9 x 9 = ……..
c) 6 x 8 = ……..
d) The number by which we multiply is called …………
e) When a number is multiplied by 1, the product is …………
f) Patricia was washing dishes every night for a week. She washed 32 dishes
each night. How many dishes did she wash ?
g) Samuel had 5 pet bunnies. Each bunny had 23 toys. How many toys did all
the bunnies have together ?
h) Alfred wanted to give 8 pots of gold to each of his friends. Alfred had 21
friends. How many pots of gold does Alfred need ?
i) Quick, quick ! What’s 8 x 8 ?
ACTIVITY
1) Math Crossword Puzzle
Fill in the blanks of each crossword puzzle to
make the multiplication equation true
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