0 ratings0% found this document useful (0 votes) 55 views16 pagesSemiconductor C 12
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content,
claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Semaconbuctors —- :
ease
| Classs ifealicn of conductors pene chor he
}__cSns ater_on” the basic af, cond cfivi ky __
onduchys > The matwials bourng ane oy
condurltity af poymal temp. dite
iD precence peo o- awe caffed conductors
genduy asits Fe 1o-?~1078 32m
4
Cane hee oe noone
° a “iio 2 4
Semttonductoys The maliuials haurha ecncuctriety
bio condioteve andl _fhoutatoys
que known as ermitandaucts. &9> 08" Geumaniiim
f= 7 166 2m
C= le = a= Sia
Snsutators > The matuPals hourhg lo conducthit
at _poymal +emb+ ave known as Pheulatai
p= rol — jo! im
PR mame Opal
Eno gy bands th splices 2 dp a cunstal dire tn
‘c_Entivo clion |
fhttuatom
valence o- que Ahaved by meve that one atom.
Doe tn thit Splitting op eneugy Invelt takes place .
The collechicn «| there elastna closely spared
ereugty level fe catled Oneigy bond - |
Valance band > The enevgy band which thoucec> have ef path oy 6
oatious
Datein fafiduichns thse fobA energy. gap. At the
et SOB ond the vi ee ee 1 the
ee t to highi enongy love! __
gaa
evel fy CB And brhauct as
gil0o em,
D
@
Semicond uetne > dn semiondu
volane bane it
totally fled and cond” band Leese
ompty by eniwoy gap dtu
3
Unlike fhsulotor 1 vow small. This ot vonm +emb.-
seme e- fh the valance band acquit thodmal eneugy -
gveatoy Jhan ereugy hand gap And fi. mp ove tn 5
Hho _canict? 5 Lean pone Eee
2 ov 6
ondow +tho fs wena of _plecty pela ;
8
Ansulatnry > ob a hsulator vB. l ie
és complelity fltedt
and = i omply Pn thie ones
gap fi quit lage Panne nua 7
efor heater ou annnatlbst ne
= tn overcome (h. bhus e~ ave bounced fhrvalanc
band que not juc6c tm Move + +Hence cond Yre wot
passfble fn NEC bape cp mecturiat (normally),
“Ty pel 4 Senn ronalee bre.
“ppctutn ste: semoftond uy (Pure) (1=type)
DS le
=, rea (Bupussenicl :
ey ) Geumaniim, 0S? Op thik Lijpe o| oe
Do. of exoflid on i equal te noo) po \)
be he= hh D
{pa rhiw eft) fo. he=
Extuinsi’n -> The onduclitty op ex friturnsit
semrcand i LouL) low at yoom temp
but tt can *he ihesionsect fy nn pentavatont oy
tuto lent npusift i Ph ot benes there
wh
oxturnsie s smicond nla
Typos t
P = OG n-type.
~Depping > tilhon seme elesimmb detisoblo finaly |
aa8 lite aindacaaes near
LOCOS “—alled ‘lepptig ane) tmp. ave |
tient ht at fag ose|-Theve que tio types of dopants
© lwialeat atame (9d. By Alole)
1@ penfavaloa? atoms (As, An. Pele)
°,
he > n
/
i Be: : ° oe
SDuutting clopiaa Yeo~ of pentavalont mp. banded _-
J
6 i
hth He- 4 gf nefghbauw atame ralsP{s 5” o- x
womans 4 A - ane 4
to move fnefale tho cunstad and cond”. th flo 4
ere
o
som ¢
Fuels chawaed o- die tothe —fc charge thoy
©
au named at n-type ssmirnndit ob .
3
An n=typo o- aue mafsoyrty chauge cousred
@
whl hole no minor chac suo
Ne >> Nn Le >> Th
o
) ef 1S 4
p=Type
aed
cutstrl is dopped wot
°
rn tihon obtained somrtonduchy G
tuuont clopan
called p=Type snl tonductey= [ Petectiat baviciens cetiapetertreiy, | '
| trwciaein Wepadeyor
i
[an p-lyoe svalane eof cleppecl_jmpuste aon,
PL dosm_Lovalent bond tofth St atms bie}
i 1 howe Le- bentc one conalond bong
of be fnprpper ancl cuentas a bole 3) uc do 4,8
at y the covalent
F p=tpa
he een, |
rec, in!
+
°
PACOIGIC
a
; 2
P= seq ive stuns N= Yogi ow
one. fdeah
ia lm ts layed on _n=bype dong saith then —
heated fr owen ct 6007.4 dl thon tists 4
oops fn ths ncny 0 p=D— 4“connecleol extnal dattuy toa p=n funen
dindo. dt ik Bad aes eh aReverse biasing -
eb High,
Brea clot
voltage _
verse
a
(ira)
welanche Breakkclocow}) Page.
{ a
: Dina 08 0 a Rechipfes Bb oe
a be a dlewtce | Aone tonveuls a0: brvaltoge jap
| deot } tunfetiechion \_eusseol vallage Shs por We
feknewen as rectifé= B pn june” cliace can cry af ay q
usa loo vestsfonce
ont veces i ithe ~
uvuenyt pw her its fh foxvicvol bias bur >
8 of 9. fo
veut hal st
= J
meee tent
fe =
fy po a oatpt
ie
ips tage pli naa —
eee
dunlngpasthive bal} cycles nohdu airy ether bay
Thus stholo finen ack vectra
Ts AC: thput voltage % ofl nad 1wom |
P, Si, Sz alte i) ou
isa Teumiral S$: 4 conpectiot to p=10) gian_|
ane “minds Se & connecticl t2 naxeainn
though toad yess, (Re).
Workings Dusung tutcycle of fhput Ac. the —
: pn fined Ub yore pfased- Thur —vesiStanu_f ai Yaa wpe nfuncr betcme iBinlgadt tunent
~—H Louss_ andl te gel output {n_p- =nfuen_-n_=ne
— hay cycle ty hput AG the p=n funcr “at
fees higituetistahce andl vated slnes-natlao— ea 4
9
2
Cie cs cr nee ee
and pet
coutDote_oy
Pago.
of fnput AG Dit weveused diasecl and Dd, %
|
ta xwaud dbPated hence cuuenl tons theca,
“Atocde Do. Thurs wie jounal tt tT dist bey
hott cunt ton fr pneclrection
dight omitling dtc ae
ae air
Ph
u ir Peal comm» dad
Oy 0. Pale
0,
RMAs at =] =
electut?ty Prtth light at a-specialiy slesinged
feunasd blac pen-func? Aero uthleh ene
Lignt
On LEDs the inde ahem gals 01 pias phi
fi 5 |
Applicabians:
O-|l hor é id stot chuih. |
o te 20564 thy sptital +fhxe communtaition. |
a EMBO ames
Uke gontehs caleuta fos, pannoly hlephonit ef» |
Aldvontage« ~ |
: \ —|
@__| Lene needa Veur loa tht pone,
AL Yhey oxo nowy fact faction requittha no hratin —|
Hine -
SS al|
—}-Shey one quit on againidmechanital hocks
sherk on Joys, suttL ching i veny {ast +
they owe small in sixe and light th wely ht
pee Pho bo diode
tt i specfal ty pe pe
clofecteu sed sox ofeching
eplital ee yeleuser
i ft “|
speect ‘i : ]
big ht cletoch’on os ut ‘sual
Solas coll :
cankveffee hou a
toatingy intact
att ha dewit one
ee
Sofas Onivor ee - a
erutny At hag apn fam | eal
jpimod by Siau Gas =~
(hose ouea & hep lanae ase
080.
(Obon ft
oh alt ie tr 4 = &
Dit tp Ble % =
disto-UiRnt! moues tunowls tho n-xeqian and
D
nB (bate)ON aah
Page.
k
reond. he peee ra it valled ses
a a
“The oon tles itgileon Qt potential ashile tho
it gfe eae oo: ifs base TRUS ».
biased cate tho bose tiltecta ie on In vighT i
if robeuse bidsed The ditechion of cusnenl i pelatihy —
C0 EEe ‘Lwoxkting - > Undsh the. Foc bins the holes th the
| *_emfttin motes towaucls the bate po tute :
! PRR Gl tse emttlet since
| the base fyeuy thin mostof the holes orttwuin 2 se
ftpausanfy tht_colechoc tlle a se uy fe
2 ae ag aa AS acon,
=o
Ay
ie