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P Block Elements Notes For JEE Mains

The document advertises JEE preparation batches for dropouts, class 12 and class 11 students for the years 2024 and 2025. It provides details about the number of live classes and tests included, access to previous batch material, coverage of syllabus and predictor question packs. The batches claim to guarantee a rank boost for JEE.

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Shaswat Naman
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Topics covered

  • rank guarantee,
  • JEE main,
  • group 14 elements,
  • test taking experience,
  • NTA UI,
  • color of halogens,
  • atomic radii,
  • hybridization,
  • IIT coaching,
  • previous year questions
1K views130 pages

P Block Elements Notes For JEE Mains

The document advertises JEE preparation batches for dropouts, class 12 and class 11 students for the years 2024 and 2025. It provides details about the number of live classes and tests included, access to previous batch material, coverage of syllabus and predictor question packs. The batches claim to guarantee a rank boost for JEE.

Uploaded by

Shaswat Naman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • rank guarantee,
  • JEE main,
  • group 14 elements,
  • test taking experience,
  • NTA UI,
  • color of halogens,
  • atomic radii,
  • hybridization,
  • IIT coaching,
  • previous year questions
  • One Shot: P Block Elements: Covers a comprehensive overview of P block elements as per revised NTA syllabus for JEE preparation.
  • All India Mock Test: Details about an upcoming All India Mock Test for JEE aspirants, including date, new syllabus coverage, and expectations.
  • JEE Van+ Batch for Droppers and Class 12: Information about the JEE Van+ program, featuring live classes and preparation resources for droppers and Class 12 students.
  • JEE Nius+ Batch for Class 11: Overview of the JEE Nius+ program targeting Class 11 students, detailing live classes and study resources.
  • Periodic Table Focus: Focus on the periodic table with emphasis on P block elements, detailing their position and characteristics.
  • Group 13 Elements: Discusses the properties and behaviors of elements in Group 13, highlighting key chemical characteristics.
  • Physical Properties of Group 13: Describes the physical properties of Group 13 elements, including atomic radius and ionization enthalpy.
  • Group 14 Elements: Exploration of the Group 14 elements, focusing on their atomic and physical properties and relevance to JEE syllabi.
  • Chemical Properties of Group 13: Explores chemical reactions, oxidation states, and unique characteristics of Group 13 elements.
  • Important Trends in Group 13: Analysis of notable trends and anomalies within Group 13, offering deeper insights for competitive exams.
  • Group 15 Elements: Introduces the Group 15 elements, enlightening students on trends like electronic configuration and oxidation states.
  • Group 16 Elements: Reviews Group 16 elements with a focus on their physical and chemical properties, aiding in rigorous exam prep.
  • Group 17 Elements: Discusses key properties and reactions of halogens in Group 17, critical for understanding chemical behaviors for exams.
  • Group 18 Elements: Noble Gases: Covers the unique traits of noble gases in Group 18, illustrating their inertness and applications.

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GROUP 13 ELEMENTS OR BORON FAMILY
Latest CYQ 2023 JEE main
GROUP 14 ELEMENTS OR CARBON FAMILY
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUP 14 ELEMENTS
A. Electronic Configurations
The general electronic configuration of this group may be expressed as
ns2np2.
Table. Electronic configuration of group 14 elements.

Element Symbol Atomic No. Electronic configuration

Carbon C 6 [He] 2s2 2p2


Silicon Si 14 [Ne] 3s2 3p2
Germanium Ge 32 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2
Tin Sn 50 [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Lead Pb 82 [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Latest CYQ 2023 JEE main
GROUP 15 ELEMENTS OR NITROGEN FAMILY
Reactivity towards oxygen :
Characterstics of Oxides :
(i) Acidic nature  O.S.
(ii) The acidic character of the oxides of group 15 elements decreases down
the group.
Reason : Can be explained on the basis of the size and electronegativity
of atoms.
(iii) The stability of the oxides of elements in higher O.S. Decreases down the
group due to inert pair effect.
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GROUP 16 ELEMENTS OR OXYGEN FAMILY
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Reactivity towards the halogens(HALIDES)
STRUCTURE OF HALIDES

● The hexafluorides of S, Se and Te i.e., SF6, SeF6, TeF6 have


the central atom in sp3d2 hybridised state. These fluorides
have octahedral structure.
GROUP 17 ELEMENTS OR HALOGEN FAMILY
General Trends in Physical Properties

Atomic & Ionic Radii

Small and increase regularly down the group.

Melting & Boiling Points

Increase with increase in atomic number.


General Trends in Physical Properties
Ionization Energies

➔ Very high.
➔ Less tendency to lose electron.
➔ This tendency increases down the group because the
distance of valence shell from nucleus increases.
➔ Iodine is capable of forming stable compounds in which it
exists as I+ ion.
General Trends in Physical Properties

Physical State

❏ Diatomic and exist as F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2.


❏ Intermolecular forces are very weak in halogens.
❏ Nature of forces is van der Waals and their magnitude
increases down the group.
❏ Thus, F2 and Cl2 are gases, bromine is a volatile liquid and
iodine is a volatile solid.
General Trends in Physical Properties
Colour Halogens are coloured.

Halogen Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine


Colour Pale yellow Greenish Reddish Dark violet
yellow brown
General Trends in Physical Properties
Non metallic Characters

➔ The non-metallic character, decreases down the group,


➔ Iodine shows some distinct metallic properties
➔ e.g., it possesses metallic lustre and forms positive ions like
I+, I3+ etc.
General Trends in Physical Properties
Electron gain Enthalpy

➔ strong tendency to accept electrons,


➔ They have high values of electron gain enthalpy.
➔ Down the group electron gain enthalpy values decrease.
➔ Fluorine has less electron affinity than chlorine.
General Trends in Physical Properties
Electron gain Enthalpy
Low value of electron affinity for fluorine is due to the small size
of fluorine atom.
In a compact 2p subshell of fluorine the added electron does not
feel much attraction resulting in low value of electron gain
enthalpy.
Group – 18 Elements - the Noble Gases
The elements helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe)
and radon. All of these are gaseous under ordinary conditions of temperature
and pressure.
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General Trends in Physical Properties

1. State: All of them, are monoatomic, colourless, odourless and


tasteless gases.

2. Solubility: sparingly soluble in water.

3. Boiling Point and Melting Point: Due to weak intermolecular van der
Waals forces between them , they possess very low b. pt. and m. pt.

4. Liquefaction: It is extremely difficult to liquefy these gases as there are only


weak van der Waals force, ease of liquefaction increases from He to Rn.
General Trends in Physical Properties

5. Atomic Radii: Atomic radii correspond to van der Waals radii. Therefore,
these are quite large.

6. Ionisation Enthalpy: Very high due to the stable configuration.

7. Electron Gain Enthalpies: Due to the stable np2np6 electronic configuration,


noble gas atoms have no tendency to accept additional electron.
Chemical Properties

I. The atoms of noble gases have stable closed-shell electronic configurations.

II. The noble gases have exceptionally high ionization energies.

III. The noble gases have very low electron affinities.


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