PMT

GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS Answers

1 a y b y

y = x2
y = x2 (1, 1)
(−1, 1) (1, 1)
4
O (0, 0) x y=x
3
y=x O (0, 0) x

c y d y
1
y= 2 y=x
x
(1, 1) y= x

O x (1, 1)

1
y= O (0, 0) x
x

asymptotes: y = 0 and x = 0

e y y = 3x2 f y

1 2
y = x2 y= y=
x x

O (0, 0) O x

asymptotes: y = 0 and x = 0

2 a = (−1) × (−3) × (−4) = −12

b x = 1, 3, 4
c y

O 1 3 4 x

−12

3 a y b y
(0, 3)
(0, 0) (1, 0) (5, 0)
(−1, 0) (1, 0) (3, 0) O x
O x

 Solomon Press
 PMT

GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS Answers page 2

c y d y
(0, 0) (4, 0)
(0, 4) O x

(−2, 0) (−1, 0) (2, 0)

O x

e y f y

(−2, 0) (0, 0) (1, 0)

O x (0, 2)

(−2, 0) O (1, 0) x

4 a = x(x2 + 6x + 9) = x(x + 3)2

b y
(−3, 0) (0, 0)
O x

5 a y b y = (x − p)(x + q)(x − q)
y
(q, 0) (0, pq2)
O (p, 0) x
(−q, 0) O (q, 0) (p, 0) x
(0, −pq )
2

6 TP at (1, −2) 7 crosses x-axis at (−2, 0), (1, 0) and (2, 0)

∴ f(x) = k(x − 1)2 − 2 ∴ y = k(x + 2)(x − 1)(x − 2)
crosses y-axis at (0, −5) crosses y-axis at (0, −8)
∴ −5 = k − 2 ∴ −8 = 4k
k = −3 k = −2
∴ f(x) = −3(x − 1)2 − 2 ∴ y = −2(x + 2)(x − 1)(x − 2)
[ f(x) = −3x2 + 6x − 5 ] = −2(x + 2)(x2 − 3x + 2)
= −2(x3 − 3x2 + 2x + 2x2 − 6x + 4)
= −2x3 + 2x2 + 8x − 8
∴ a = −2, b = 2, c = 8, d = −8

8 a 4 b 0 c 2 d 3

 Solomon Press
 PMT

GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS Answers page 3

9 a y

y = 1 − 2x
y = x2

O x

b 2 roots as x2 + 2x − 1 = 0 ⇒ x2 = 1 − 2x and the graphs of y = x2 and y = 1 − 2x

intersect at 2 points

10 a x2 + 2x − 3 = (x + 1)2 − 1 − 3 = (x + 1)2 − 4 ∴ turning point is (−1, −4)

1 1
b x2 + 2x − 3 − = 0 ⇒ x2 + 2x − 3 = y y=
1
x x x
1
∴ roots where y = x2 + 2x − 3 and y = intersect y = x2 + 2x − 3
x
graphs intersect at 1 point for x > 0 and 2 points for x < 0 O x
∴ one positive and two negative real roots

11 x − 3 = x2 − 5x + 6 12 a x2 + 5x + 8 = 3x + 7
x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 x2 + 2x + 1 = 0
(x − 3)2 = 0 (x + 1)2 = 0
repeated root x = −1 ∴ x = −1, y = 4
∴ y = x − 3 is tangent to y = x2 − 5x + 6 b repeated root
∴ y = 3x + 7 is tangent to y = x2 + 5x + 8
at the point (−1, 4)

13 a x3 − 4x2 + x + 6 = x + 6 14 2x2 − 5x + 1 = 3x + k
x3 − 4x2 = 0 2x2 − 8x + 1 − k = 0
x2(x − 4) = 0 for tangent, repeated root ∴ b2 − 4ac = 0
x = 0, 4 ∴ (0, 6) and (4, 10) ∴ 64 − 8(1 − k) = 0
b y k = −7
y=x+6

(0, 6)
y = x3 − 4x2 + x + 6

(−1, 0) O (2, 0) (3, 0) x

15 x2 + ax + 18 = 2 − 5x 16 a x2 − 2x + 6 = px + p
x2 + (a + 5)x + 16 = 0 x2 − (p + 2)x + 6 − p = 0
intersect at 2 points ∴ b2 − 4ac > 0 for tangent, repeated root ∴ b2 − 4ac = 0
∴ (a + 5)2 − 64 > 0 ∴ (p + 2)2 − 4(6 − p) = 0
a2 + 10a − 39 > 0 p2 + 8p − 20 = 0
(a + 13)(a − 3) > 0 (p + 10)(p − 2) = 0
a < −13 or a > 3 p = −10, 2
b x2 − 2x + 6 = qx + 7
x2 − (q + 2)x − 1 = 0
for tangent, repeated root ∴ b2 − 4ac = 0
⇒ (q + 2)2 + 4 = 0
but for real q, (q + 2)2 ≥ 0 ∴ no solutions

 Solomon Press