jchopten 8 4 ; anc DifFtraotion of Lan terference Light & Tater ference, Os Diferact'on Light — Wava, note Rerlectron Polaris at or Photo eleatye, Light “> Particle. nodure.<— Compton Interference —y MocificaHon 19 Intensty Tacrease in ‘Grvtensitty DiFFranstion — > Distnbutton of Gren 220 Youngs ExpenmenrA 3 . ( Division (19rd PQO), 6 Slits) Thomas “Young, in 1801 > Dermonstradkd the pPhemomenon of Interference. There $8 a one Gulindncat Wave- Ponk . . TAS cylindncats Wove fords startin fom S oly g s Fo$ on 6,80. shor Slt Se > OAly ore Wave- font emerga out S| 31 35 Two Wwavehend§Solid ares 3D Indicate the cregag.i Dotted gress Tadicada tha, toughy. arhen the Crests of one wWaveRond FotS on thre crests of other wf 80 anfitude, (TIS max QJ whan the hougha Pas on anc torghg , Amplitude, is max. => then crests Rang the Am@lituda js ouna's Oxpenament clemo Hroteg, . Diferaction of ON Troughg = Then ™InN . a oo V9AVRE OCH Ln’ Interference, of light waveg emerga, fom the sila. Rnotysis 62 UE x poth divverence F> Phose di Reren cg , ad = UE KDA 9 a's Wavelength of Ithb aa Poth difterence. vdre A. on Cubed) ip. Re > + Ar 19 Qa, cos 0°] fy Reeublad.- < Ta ar {I> Intensiy 3 = We H Sn we cos f= 44 ; (= ant, MN=Or 1,2, st, Ean dT nao.) rt, - 6)!= =. poms Diviston OF Am tude 3 (Interference, deat ee thin Flrn3) then oO thin Alm of of| spread Over the surfacoa, of walter is WMuminotred by light , interference Otuws bebdeen the rveProated light waved Bom tre Alm and also between tha transmitted light wayel thovgh the Alm. \e+ monochwmote light SA be Incident on a llel sided transparent thin Alm of dhiteness 4 J 4ris vefrostive index makes an ana cousith Rim Surface: AF A TH is Par rerleated olong AR,, Parc eRe, | ne Oe mated otong AQ ot t Br Bt ts again Pele ato ac 6 Party rem olong us INF ve A+ C boa sent > Bosh RAKections J Reh Scanned with amscanneLeyton PATE Due to Repleade ROYS- Poth difFeren ce , ps zit: wer: > ImnterRrence ®ue to Transmitted Rays: Poth difference, Po 2k: sv wd IntecRerenca by Thin Gilm: mo Interferences tq Thin Alen oF conde thicknesS due to vrerlected lights © Geherminotton oF Optrcate Path ference % @raw CN normal +0 AR, _¢ BM nornekh tO BG - An@le of Inddence ¢ & Revahen | Poth difFerence, betwen the rays AR, $ CRa Is given by, - Po = Poth ARC Iq — Path spy In Alay ofr P= ALCAG+80) — AN -—@ Bort AB= BC =8M say = t Seay 9 AN ZAC Bin F ‘i aM=M =GmM+me) sing { J ‘ = LAM gnc {An = om tone] DBM stan y - siq¢ . i) v at: toon. smd ofBING oo © Sinv = at-tan wv (Ab sin v) = 2k. Sintr. sear Poth frerence , “Pp =[uCae+8c) - an | -?P = [u(t sea + +t Sear) - DALt Sint w- gear an Anis \ 2 ee ~P = oak csv -@ ? Hence +e path biterence® hehoeen the rays ARI and CRo Is given mer ps t4 ~) of SuhdBE ange nel Compare, eqns @ A&@, we gak 24Lt cosy — coma = Fonditions oP maxima and aminima. ty reFlected light : The two TAyS vorll give. AM. Cox in Gok), ny CBagney oO at cosr - do sag 7, NZ 0/1,2,-. Ts 2. cos ar > Filey voit) TE nH) GT appear wrigtle Th worth give, nines 2AL » Coord (ana) -4 2 Alm wilt 24s. see a & tuo Trays OPpean- daneSm Interference, dua to Fremamrtege Rays 8 Path cdfference between the tans mays BT £2T Is given WL Pa ALC8c+ Cd) -BL ye. e=u[ecr+co] -o f/f @ Bc= CO, Path diff. = Path BCD — Path BL in med un mq aly p ate[ecsey - ah > [remwe- te 1 “.6e5 --6- @ BL= sinc = * eles) ) Hence, there is no phase chango_ dwe +o refleetion ot B orc becavee light ig travelling Prom denser to rarer medtum. Conditions For Maseimas andy Minima, iN Transmitted light: = Maximo: Caaght) JF 2 BA COSTS NALS Bright Bands Conshud Taso Binks |e ar) ~ 2A Cos = Conti) os Oar Ban Destuadive Ente:: T Rileq! oS repOnigin oF cert ina TF the Film ts iWurninated bY & t vt beam “f ay one ight, dutrernt Caloucs formodion. Sin Go dierent ds) Reng . travel dierent lengths of path, in the Alm , 19 OH Giver) He, DQ, to this deren calous are, veFteoted Porm dtfrerot points of tag ROM SuFO0Q, + ae Kéolours interfere cansincti vey dhe) WR Observed curt Colows. © uhen on iS 6pread over Waser ® diferent colours wi'll be Seen. hen sunlight constet of Sever Colours is inadent on the thin Rm, dup of them we observe, difkerent colouvs ak den ertk an@e oP Visto, A meang thoLtk haiegs es vise light - your) Soy > Colou ok N ar@e. of viston. s Horan’ RePleated Colour is a Cordyle-merdey oF trangms'tted Co loan.ae 3 ; s ° wo Necessity of & Brood et) Nawow Source > limits the visibrlrty of the Film, Pactiak rerlertiod rays reach +0 The Observer. Broad Source —5 Complete, wisibilthy oF the Film | Ail rePlested ays tosh So The observer. aon Wedge 1 , The Alen Ts illumined by Mande: a- : OAS: ol. A sedge, GKaped |Rim is dofined OS G transparent! medyyum of Uni- fermly veging “‘tugsess “Sehccen tn varfaces “OH" 8 0H, 7 indined ok an ange a enclosing a wedge Shoped cet Bley ay Film. Pngle of 4+he Wedge . A > Enclose the «wedga shaped air Fim bed oH € OH, . Roy AB Incidend on Wadgo Alen ack with angle of inddenca C1 RePleaded olong BR & Remracted along BC. PRE PEC ogain RePleded ak anGlemty) ‘Scand with amScannealong CD 2 EMeTGLR 4S DR). OF BOE are the ders drawn Form D to BR ank Be- The inderRrence pattern tare, Gace ok s ds are Virtual OReal respedy. uhen angle of ineidenca 15 sma, effezt Interference 1s bet. The mePleated rays BR and oR, are oorrginoted fem the inet Tay SB by Fhe process Of AUvisocg of am@itude . > Henew , Opticot Path Aifference_ poren GR § OR, Pd = tL C6ctco) -BE —@ BC= BE+CE 2 Pd = tf oetce +c9] - BF 38 In wight angud In wight arglad OBFD, d ED, ~. GIA c= (8F]89) = sme =(@e|B9) Using Snells laws, = SMt —~ pe Bd. te oan 7 BS* BE 8 Sn PrL in €an-@ - P-d=BY(peyce +9) 4 BE | Spd = a{ce +e5] 6) Bub rcp, CE+cps Ep Scanned with amSco les) IT) 7ma PN Pd 2 ALEP, 7 © a In AEPD, | tose +a) = Eplpo _ Epa pp. cos Write) PO=MdD+mMP po= 2MD -. £p = pe 24: ws Gre) poe ot | put iq ean: ©) -. Pd = AEP = ae ot. Wes Crt) pds 2uk- ws Crt) Acuording dwe to, Elgeha mag: fheny RePIN- Gorn the “denser medium, an extra. phase dire. TT ow path = de® ala. | oceans, TF) Construstive Interference : . Qasb cos (vty) i= nd 2k wert) +g =sma 2b: ws lrg) = nd- a) Ocatruetive Interference! Wh 2k WSCrth) tdi = ew Cont) g | dnp : chen the ar Alm is vinued with weplectead monodwomette light, a aystem of equidistanca inter ferencay r fFinges art observed Ath ard l[Lel, Bote cdaeg of the vusedge - nemo sCee. = Soped = Jr 9 Starr otk’, @ gag Meeseeee, Thicknes3 Measurem (Fringe width) Pingea, vaidth oF Ane Ringed ocumy due +o thin Alm Fnterferenca. Ht Ban tan —— Xa——fr Pay . k$—— Xn +1 Suppose that nth bright Rynge. Ortrhs ob Py ao AYstance %q Fon O. ThivenesS of fhao ae Alm ot Ry ts tas Apalying tre Condition for finaht finga_ L') Otte tos (ppol} = fear Wk: C08 CRE) = Cond) Le@Cond? «Por By For normal incidencea » vag $ Sey, a FLmUr—e sin] Pot Gar voles in ean @ se Dab. XQ $9 - cos) = (ang) -& "2% Sing = (2nd) 2 > @ Br a” Ube Xaey Sine = [2(nH) - aoPogg Substroat tan: @ - eqn. + oa Xan Sing DAL-xn Sing | : (eori)d- 2603] aA 244: SiN X (Kay - Xn) = V+ ad - aA th 2. 2an Sind (Ma —ha) = ee Jono | } Xam! acd B= RQ: Pin TL Sind j coe ai20 Thickness Measunemenss 3 2. ped —— 5D > Finge widsh. 2b SIVd Pe ee partticulan- angle [hen rmonothmmatc light fs used, then for a perHattlar Wwedga angle, a oth the fingag will tome of equal thiccesa -// +. DAM COS Cy+Q) = NA Y=O,X2 1S Smoth, cosCrid) =), a2nk and > @ Ean: gives finges of equal, thiuras = Thiceness of tha Wedge wedge—shaped filrn can be formed by plasing the Speamen uhose thiveay 'o to be measured, tn be. tuo spices Flat glass ‘Plates, ot one (F Showld be Joined O ofher as Should be open. a) SD Ak CaS Crt) =na . ae cos Cyt) = NA — > is Smat,u-=], ley oF the 2tend ~@ Ins \rber of a cance = p> Ringe.” ceidth | rt =1A|B ~ te dd L thideness of = Thick 2B yedse Film Spealmon f Ban-@ ows thot » Using this DL. For normots Incidenca, oO dais SMa , g9 CS Ort) = , For Bright 244k = (anti d Por Sark Ibk =nd. Hence irntghk paraslet Fingeag of equal wicth, parotel +o fra eda, oF tha edge Ofjeitrast -ae Newton's Rings Theory : g TE mono Chometic lighk is Inddenk on this Film, G@ bright anc dark concentric Crcular wings With their centre dark is formed. Mrooscope. Glass Sodjum_ lamp plore Ss oO) | Pay L ae P when a plano- convex lens of | ar: Focol length is pla oO Oo plone, glass plot@, a thin Ailey of sn 1S endosed betivean the lower Surface of +he. lens) 9 top Surface of the Plode(P) The, thickrags oF the air Film Is 7 for tRo_ centre +6 Ous+wards. The Point of Contach © is the Centre. A+ o Particular thickness 4 of Alyn the vadiug of the Cees Cirdes fs ConStant. $0 abternago : Band D wings will be prod, ° the centre is Dark. gp a a“ of the Film increages then the orders of Crcuke- TINGS will also f Somce ps Visible light —> Concentac Ondey ix With dor. Coloug > aneevomadc PD Concemiye crelag Ighe woth B&D Bandy, Scanned with amScanne(Ta eee A parottel beam oF light Incident on B the glass plage G oF US* The (6 mwePlests 0 park of indident light towards the air Alm enclosed by lens L and Glos& plode P ssInterPerence, pattern observed dane, +o between the light related fom lower surface of the. lens D Upper Sufare of the glass Qode P. Theory oF Newton's Rings % DLL to Releaked |PU2 to Rang mited vg Sea p> Phose changas/ [4 No phase — Path AufP erenc2 No ee Autre cg RaPleted light the Condttren of cL, 1) Qty Cosy = Cand) oe onsiaate, ; 7 "Inter forencg . 1 Qty Cosy = nd eQdeutive InierRrencg top Newtons wIIVg IN Ube light: been ushMe lighk IS Used then fan @ sodisfleg ot Bt FRemem VoAWK0g Of ee Rev end, values of 1 > hLhLUrULrUmLr a. S0 ek rings Gort] Oppeawed Coloured . As 4 incremseg of the ane Frhn, So -difRerent, orders of ANGS wl! [| OPPRO9~ taf Hh duiFRerende Colours.Sei mae Diamar of Ringss. @ a > HO b tne Convex gl Plade HOF be the conver lens vhith is placed 07 the gloss Plasen, ™n Interference potter observed due +0 RePleated light wave. For Bright Band g . OAL CSTs Canad 7 @ for Dark Band ¢ ". Dk C8 ra nd 2@ EF = 7 Radius of a ving of HO poing fF. Fast. Tianesy of alr Ahn. 84 Pythagowus theorem , “Fe%s Ectser 9 O Bee ———— Plano aver lens - Fo*s Ect +EF* > @ Cr Ae Sie art} Rte Rte ree th aah a le vate At 2 a = ta mee => @ Compar8=—exry Beith ean G-(Z. -. te wae Za 2@ or Sb: Scopewots a —@ = G04 (7 Dy = 2%. Y= Dy Zar. ta® - aa ee ~ Ona) LP number of YRX = Ra TANS 1 incmp = Gna) 6 | EM a nes of DWSY, ne , . oe a= Be) Ga) aesen’e ~. Ones eS) (an) [ Dat. ( Rap ) (aaa © Eqx © vepresentg the Hamer of the neewtons Ring For Bright Mag. wi. Dats a4) a Fa afeRI™} 0 Ron @ represents the diameder of the Nedten’S Ring for Oana firge 388 Pxperymental method Rr Caleuladon_ of Wavelength 3 a 2 (2Rd) @NH) >® > Bight Hinga. DR = CURA) Cn) > @> Oark Fringes. Fr Constuative InterRrenca cunditian + D4 = (ad) Onn) > @ ) “DR = UnRd+2Rd > @ fer aAgight oe = 4Rd(ntp)+2Ad “Tarp = 4rd +4prd traqg ~@ Sarg ean O-~ ean Dp — Dh_ i —* ie. | Nurmen Cabs ® vhite light Fas at an angle 4s° on © Parattel soap Aim of refantive Index 1823 257+ Due to rePlestion » the. Filey wort Topper bight Colour of L°avelength 4 749 nam. |? Angle of TInejdenca = C= 4s? ode = Sine -5 @ Sinr —a:s7 = Sind Sinn SINT = sinc = sinlys) _ 0-707! 2-S) as7 7 > siat(o:2781) For Bright finge, “c= 15-96° Qarte Cos va Conti) oh 2 @ For minimum — thidenagy , N20, Stq ws 90-2754 an 246 Cos rs 26 ok 2B) xy teat wits (ioo262 ) ) 2 2x 2S7+ Cog (7) ™ nN ee 7 1g 7\ —_| _____~ s (vets ) IK2 $7 @§ Us-9¢) = Txiol O-9¢ISx 10-23 = Txto7 9-88q2 = 07082 x10 mM Scanned with amScannelatent cei aie ™ @ en ofl dep oF Volurie omer ce 1s dropped oN the Surface 2a a liquid IN ao tank OF SurPFaee area. OP Bh sqan The of] Spreads uniformly over the, Sutface oP 4h [tquid “iq the. tank O forma a thin Alm. hide. lige fang Mormaty Vor the Bim: T+ is found that S000 A> ye the, waveken qth in the rePleaded light.» thot is the Vale® of RT. of oi, heh offs less than thot of liquid 2 Sta dg @ te aari00 2 Oe xT Vom t= 18x19 Soo : a osts My 2d. sooonifon _ S 1557S 0 Bo Wi exlos ~ SE ait 438[,@)esecorraaiass wedge, (4b21-7) of angle, 0-027 radtan is illuminated by mono - Oromotic IgE OF Yoon Ae Fasting Novinaly on it. Or uhat distance. Foxy the, e€dgo of the, wedgo, colt) the dar \ooo dark Fringe be. Observed by reReakd igre 2 “? X= 0-027, U217, A= Gooor? A= 4000 x08 eq Por Dark fing 2. 2Ut C8 Cra) and 3 @ mal Tnddenag, Y= 0, -7) Qa. COS(x) = a Yor nor Nd >@O . Do) _ a tony = + sx |* t= 4etang —@ Sak 2b: Cagsaend > @ {rue t= L-tang || -. Qh A. Sing . oy = oF SiIN8 . agQ Na nk 6@ 8 QIL- AL Sing =nda >» ® “ae Aumber of A= md a NYO 24k sing © 42 lengin of “gn 8 Im, vA b000x 4000n08 B> ngowdue 2x Tx Sin (0:0279 ~4t Zax NEB = 1 6022 x12 pot. 258. on ; on” Tow = Teatn7t0! om/ B= 0-025 um. 225 x1ol om As 25 om Slee er a Am a thin Rhy oF Soap solution Is _tllum- nobed by vhite [ight ob an an@ly of | inddenca C= Sint C4lS): Fy RePlewed [ight tue dare consecutive, overlapping Ainggy are obserurd to Wavelengths 6x16? J Gxt mn © Tras veRastia index RY soap sol}. iS [833 + Colwtofe tha thrdnoLe oF the Alm: . —> Given, 4021-393, sind Ais GIKIO7 mM, Gr2= exidlm The. two dark cnsecmkve nga are overlapping for the Wavelengtly A Odr vespestivey mde Gan) ad, ~O -.@INx Io? = CAH) GxioT ~[Elnxtc? - Gnxve7] = exte7 oT (EIn-Gn J = extol |h=s0]| -. olm= 6xio7 lo? A Sins , sings of ant Grid! GO to-$ = does 20-6 v. 2 Srtle 6) = eee + WSYS0 © => awtosr- nd ~~ ate md DAK WS = 60% 6: tio? ~ Ix 1333x 800-8) ~ 366 xo? ~ 2K 383x 089 = (ol _ 366 xi! DT 66 213W = BL xtol 2. t= IN6 KiB aH be IU x loS \ ) 3 Skate Me «\6erm) ‘Scanned with amScanne4) Two. glass plodeg enclosing a wealge, hoped abc Alm, toush ot one edga, £ ar® seperawd by aA whre of Mame O'OSmm ak dustancg, of: Isimarmn. fom ho edge: Ra mono chomaHt btan of light of ad > GoooA? illaminadeQ tH Ary normatty - Calasod@ — tha fringo_ uoid-th @ > Given) t= v-05™m™M = SxIsum, UAeis am, d= 6000M = 6000 x1cFom, ALS] 8 =o sing ae Te dis very tmatl, then sing ‘og - a ® =siveimna 2 @ tang = 4 = £4153 ow git 4 TR AF dan he LLCS cer J tan 4 = 038x118 PGE, ~ tan X= 0:°00033|—-@ [ _— ice B 7 Ak SIA A Bz 6000 x58 2K 0'0008% \- B= Og cm: Scanned with amScanneeo”... Gin o~ Naoten’s YING senenmeNS 7 the ddameter oF meth dork ana Tg B86. Ome And the radius of curvature of the Plano ~ convene lens, If a 2 S8BO AP. Also And. oud tho vadius of 37th dark cing. > Given dada: Dg = GG 0936 OM» a= S8gon? a= S890 K10°U) DR > 4NRdA OD for Cane 2 Oye Rd) (an) 2G for Bagh —= p> Dod _ Gnd @ + gz (0-996) ad Gx Sx SFgO KIO ge DebES 1G = LUE om 20x S890 Ne [REpeeh ghz 4ngnd —O oR = fax dT x GS-84 x 5890 <(68 ) ~ [8354 5644'S xL0% om) Dg7 = 9140-35 164 ory a Vay = 0°SIYO whNeotons rang Wwe Rrmed in reread @ light oF oaverenath GoooA wath ow itquid bet. the plgng. and Carved Surfs ae the dion ede™ of TRL Seth 1G bright 1 : Otho vadiug of op the cowed Surfaces Index oF the Wqud — > d= Go0o R= Go00xK16!%n = GxId 4-34 x104 om = 07540 Som, “Des TS4 mm “Qa STOM, The Hamer oF ath bight ving 1s given Dy, pt = 2Cinty dR — n ae ermal aR 5A ; a 7 - a (2 Gaius) x caoa) SIX ’ 2 et Cad> jg aee x1cS— on =- “geseas 96' = 32485 x\o > Jab = 0:32 -_ = GO00 APR Gooe KIT, R= I / ~ ayxios mm T= oY) ye he"! . i, Gxt xéoo0 x18] ~ - Carx 13d — = 22 xi! = Te61x 106 J = 8d Tixiot | Scanned with amScanne@ * NeOtoniS TINA Cmpenment NS pee Drmed wlth a Sowee, of lrght having two _udavelengths di=6~ Loom Odr=z U&Sxio Fem. Br iS Rund that ses lr lL rrrrL coinrdes witn Cant dak ving dua, to da. AF the radius of Fro orved surface is go 7 An tra djameder~ of tha woth Ng fared. > The diameter of nth dark mINg 1's DHE GAR PO... hay = YCnH) Reh Rea daa es TING Coingdey with ] 5 2 KOK = KOnH) Kedar ace ‘S 2 & Ads CNH) da : a a Ly ~ WSK . Ndi-nda + a2 7 6x oS 4-510) NCd\-de) = da, = 4S Ko? — “5S x0 ns 27 1@ eke Diamederr OF nth Ring ford ts, 0% = GnRdi | Dn=[dx 3x ox axioS_) Os 6480 x10 > om Dn = 6: G80 xo bom Diamekr of (at) Ring Rr dv rs, _ De = Gant) ada = [4H x 90x ysxios J -"_ ©-. | ot "Een, | ® In Nuwotons sing enperment, tre diarck of 7am 8 424 dark wings o-srum ob UN, respeativey And tho diqmater of 34 th dak ring > The Uference of Care) th g nth dark ang iS given by, Oh, Ok = UpRd oO 7 Paly Cate) = 22 PnaB, 93 = 0'S5OM n= |2ey - OF = 4xigxerd —@ Ona 7 De = 4x2xRa—O Oividing ean-@ by <. @ - 9%, - De — 4nd 2 RSE = y= ee 18 ~' {88 4-53) = (Sho 95) sgh a = OSU 0 -54dR. 7 84 os + 9% ay =: Sy) On —(0'S4) Ve Ato $4) U2)*= (0 S4) (0° “ss (oss) = [ose Ge @ ® (9-s4) (0202S) +] 0:30 a [eae ~ 0-163854 0:3025-) Sq 2[0-91675 | Scanned with amScanne© & Neodton's Ring Oppqrafugs 1s roe 4 used +o debevmine the, radius of Curvature, of leng- The nth and f+z0)th bright eel measured and found +o be o-lgr and 0:268 om, mespectively i Ligh& of Wavelength d= Suexiohem +» Calabi the fadivg of Cumoture of the lens Sm = O1ELEM, DAs 4 = O-loS0em, Thyro = 0368 ON, Onyr0 > 4%AHD = 0-S4LTen d= S46x\olom, Qe 2 a= Wao -oh] _ ued hie Ge aay 4X 2ox S4Gxlo- - R= Co Sart etose) sox S46xia! @ Naodtons rings are obsewed with two different meNa- Tra nth davk vings have, Aameders 08 416 And the vad¥go Of tha Q2-0P8 tho tuo media. DP pny 2 4, Ont 6 2 Day Ons 4°¢-9 Dye Gned|4,-O Caz 4nad |G a NRA ca aget Pus 2h Bat ) Sars -. Aker. An: ‘Scanned with amScanneBot Use, Row thak, for aly &)! zu 2 (Sree (Ona = 4edR > © can © + tan © oA (She a alr Goak om foi oe Ty POR (o'n+e - Sa) Liquid ji. 2 Gea baie || =e [Care = an )Liquid Eqn-© vrepregsendg the eqn fer to Find the Refractive ‘Index of Unreuon Viquid- ABB Applicadin of FrserRerenea: g The aphlicodwn of | InterFerence, Phenomenon are wide varied. the, Thkirfewnrce is used for making t @esdsion Measurement Vsing Inte, the, wavelength of light can be MEASUred v9\-+th aceurany up +o ¢ digits: The Refractive” Index of the. goseo @ Liquids are MEeOS ured, We Study here, = Important opflicadtens , uhrth Ublie tro Phenomenon of thin Alen @ Determination of thicmass of thin” Wire, or forl @ Determination of Refoative Index oF Unrrown liquid ® Wavelength of Tacidone Light. © Radtug of Curvature of leng ® Testing of Surface, Pladnogs. © Prtiverectiog P Highky RePteatirg, d Nom TO tl(For Destructive InqterPerenca ¢ rae 9 Da = GRAD Cay Gir nth Darke, Rags. a Soup= GRa) Cro) > Cb Por Orpyh Se: ~. Sapp = 4nRd +4rdp > @ eqn B- ean D “Dare — 9%) = Ged rurde - und [4 = tee SBT © [ons for Darr & Bagh Pingeg HO frmsto of Woaveleng4n eis, sama 9 239 Determination of Refractive, Index oF oO Liquid by Nesotons Rings SLC ——— Refractive Index iS to be didermined is Piled Iq the gop between the plang convex lens % Glass plade.- d For Dare Fingea 3 Qutb: wsrond ~@ for Normokt jnaidenca, Pozo, | . OU = nd 27@ | The diameder of ath 'S given by, (rd, = Sngd 0 - (Savy) L= pao Rd —© ark TING Subtrosting ean @ Gary -eqn-8) el LE), = and se Sea- : Non - Reptestin’ Anse : ie of i finding oPhlico#ions of dre thin Film interference phenomenog Lig the making of Tone vePlrestiyg filme > Used in cameras, bind’ and telescopes . To decreased the vePteation fiom Camera lens, $0 coot a thin Bim of oper 4hidrar So the imogas formed by the Camera lens ie wil be bright $ Comparovely — 1248 exposur® = time FF photograph the objent Condutions 2 Choose COOH emadenak whose refractive index will be in be? vir § gloss: v8 We neod totok transmission of light — fom objent —> Camaro lens photo qromie Ade. Hence the ray Brould sotisty tne dedtrretive Condition Por replay oun’ Conshustives Condition for fame. ighb- Aa dup rg - Phose. duet = a= 9 atedl4 Poth dum: a Optical = AHiomes -ut= ConH) aly -O 1S nedwal Aumber 0/1)2,3)-- BTo make Non- reflecting & Glo8S,~ minimum Alm over optical thiucness iFodke Alm (ww) should be dig. The, 4hicknegs lq oF the Rim will bes true for one parttular wavelength « So fer this purpo $2, toaveleng th is selooted from Yyellow- green porHon of the Speotum beeawse eyo 1S sensitive: TE You inudern&r uhite light - en Some lighk—oF red AD violek Wghe get cePleatad O H Purple hve is obseru ed - ec prashtah. pag Highly Reflecting Films g Sun Conhol XY 2) ee a Ma Sip Chg ae fo we can usa the same painupe for Sun contol Bg iq the window gloss oF Cars, bUS*S © Here we need total refestion oF the Sun Tayg fom the floss re they Sodishes the Totes prose change sil! (rt) =27=0- Tele podh uF. will bas a gut WSr=na-O uhy > Ore to light rertectedd Fomn apres o lig Com gh or : book fom th ~ourface of ho Udau, ark = nd