This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: A312/A312M − 21 Used in USDOE-NE standards

Standard Specification for

Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
Stainless Steel Pipes1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* and furnished provided such pipe complies with all other
2
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam requirements of this specification.
welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless 1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength require-
steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive ments for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in
service. nominal wall thicknesses greater than 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service 1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes
without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
Piping Code, ASME B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
[−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel designation of this specification is specified in the order.
grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F
[−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules
of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
than −50 °F [−45 °C]. dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended
for service at temperatures where creep and stress rupture 2. Referenced Documents
properties are important.
2.1 ASTM Standards:3
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or of Steel Products
more of these supplementary requirements. A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded Alloys, and Ferroalloys
and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ASME B36.19. A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for
Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
1
Steel Tubes
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally
3
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as A312/A312M – 19. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, [Link], or
DOI: 10.1520/A0312_A0312M-21. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@[Link]. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-312 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

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 A312/A312M − 21
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, longitudinal weld or shall be produced by forming and welding
Blooms, and Forgings two longitudinal sections of flat stock when approved by the
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the purchaser. All weld tests, examinations, inspections, or treat-
Unified Numbering System (UNS) ments shall be performed on each weld seam.
2.2 ASME Standards: 6.1.6 At the option of the manufacturer, pipe shall be either
B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose hot finished or cold finished.
B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe 6.1.7 The pipe shall be free of scale and contaminating
B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe exogenous iron particles. Pickling, blasting, or surface finish-
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code : Section VIII4 ing is not mandatory when pipe is bright annealed. The
2.3 AWS Standard: purchaser is permitted to require that a passivating treatment be
A5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel applied to the finished pipe.
Steel Welding Rods and Electrodes5
6.2 Heat Treatment—All pipe shall be furnished in the
2.4 Other Standard:
heat-treated condition in accordance with the requirements of
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
Table 2. Alternatively, for seamless pipe, immediately follow-
(UNS)6
ing hot forming while the temperature of the pipes is not less
3. Terminology than the minimum solution treatment temperature specified in
Table 2, pipes shall be individually quenched in water or
3.1 Definitions: rapidly cooled by other means (direct quenched).
3.1.1 The definitions in Specification A999/A999M and
Terminology A941 are applicable to this specification. 7. Chemical Composition
4. Ordering Information 7.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall conform to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
the requirements of the current edition of Specification A999/
A999M. 8. Product Analysis
8.1 At the request of the purchaser, an analysis of one billet
5. General Requirements
or one length of flat-rolled stock from each heat, or two pipes
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- from each lot shall be made by the manufacturer. A lot of pipe
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of shall consist of the following number of lengths of the same
Specification A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein. size and wall thickness from any one heat of steel:
NPS Designator Lengths of Pipe in Lot
6. Materials and Manufacture Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
6.1 Manufacture: 2 to 5 200 or fraction thereof
6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
6.1.1 The pipe shall be manufactured by one of the follow-
ing processes: 8.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
6.1.2 Seamless (SML) pipe shall be made by a process that purchaser or the purchaser’s representative, and shall conform
does not involve welding at any stage of production. to the requirements specified in Section 7.
6.1.3 Welded (WLD) pipe shall be made using an automatic 8.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 8.1 does
welding process with no addition of filler metal during the not conform to the requirements specified in Section 7, an
welding process. analysis of each billet or pipe from the same heat or lot may be
6.1.4 Heavily cold-worked (HCW) pipe shall be made by made, and all billets or pipe conforming to the requirements
applying cold working of not less than 35 % reduction in shall be accepted.
thickness of both wall and weld to a welded pipe prior to the
final anneal. No filler shall be used in making the weld. Prior 9. Permitted Variations in Wall Thickness
to cold working, the weld shall be 100 % radiographically
inspected in accordance with the requirements of ASME Boiler 9.1 In addition to the implicit limitation of wall thickness
and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, latest for seamless pipe imposed by the limitation on weight in
revision, Paragraph UW-51. Specification A999/A999M, the wall thickness for seamless
6.1.5 Welded pipe and HCW pipe of NPS 14 and smaller and welded pipe at any point shall be within the tolerances
shall have a single longitudinal weld. Welded pipe and HCW specified in Table 3, except that for welded pipe the weld area
pipe of a size larger than NPS 14 shall have a single shall not be limited by the “Over” tolerance. The wall thickness
and outside diameter for inspection for compliance with this
requirement for pipe ordered by NPS and schedule number is
4
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME shown in Table X1.1.
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
[Link].
5
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., 10. Tensile Requirements
Miami, FL 33126, [Link]
6
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth 10.1 The tensile properties of the material shall conform to
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, [Link] the requirements prescribed in Table 4.

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 TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %B
UNS
Grade Desig- Tanta-
Manga- Phos- Chrom- Molyb- Tita- Nitro- Vana- Alum-
nationA Carbon Sulfur Silicon Nickel NiobiumM lum, Copper Cerium Boron Other
nese phorus ium denum nium genC dium inum
max
TP201 S20100 0.15 5.5– 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.0– 3.5– ... ... ... ... 0.25 ... ... ... ... ...
7.5 18.0 5.5

Downloaded/printed by
TP201LN S20153 0.03 6.4– 0.045 0.015 0.75 16.0– 4.0– ... ... ... ... 0.10– ... 1.00 ... ... ...
7.5 17.5 5.0 0.25
... S20400 0.030 7.0– 0.045 0.030 1.00 15.0– 1.50– ... ... ... ... 0.15– ... ... ... ... ...
9.0 17.0 3.00 0.30

TPXM-19 S20910 0.06 4.0– 0.045 0.030 1.00 20.5– 11.5– 1.50– ... 0.10– ... 0.20– 0.10– ... ...
6.0 23.5 13.5 3.00 0.30 0.40 0.30

TPXM-10 S21900 0.08 8.0– 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.0– 5.5– ... ... ... ... 0.15– ... ... ...
10.0 21.5 7.5 0.40

TPXM-11 S21904 0.04 8.0– 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.0– 5.5– ... ... ... ... 0.15– ... ... ...
10.0 21.5 7.5 0.40

TPXM-29 S24000 0.08 11.5– 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0– 2.3– ... ... ... ... 0.20– ... ... ...
14.5 19.0 3.7 0.40

TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0– 8.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
20.0 11.0

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TP304L S30403 0.035D 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0– 8.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

3
20.0 13.0

TP304H S30409 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0– 8.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.10 20.0 11.0
... S30415 0.04– 0.80 0.045 0.030 1.00– 18.0– 9.0– ... ... ... ... 0.12– ... ... 0.03–
0.06 2.00 19.0 10.0 0.18 0.08
A312/A312M − 21

TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0– 8.0– ... ... ... ... 0.10– ... ... ...
20.0 11.0 0.16

TP304LN S30453 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0– 8.0– ... ... ... ... 0.10– ... ... ...
20.0 12.0 0.16

University of Toronto (University of Toronto) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
... S30600 0.018 2.00 0.02 0.02 3.7– 17.0– 14.0– 0.20 ... ... ... ... ... 0.50 ...
4.3 18.5 15.5 max
... S30601 0.015 0.50– 0.030 0.013 5.0– 17.0– 17.0– 0.20 ... ... ... 0.05 ... 0.35 ... ... ... ...
0.80 5.6 18.0 18.0
... S30615 0.16– 2.00 0.030 0.03 3.2– 17.0– 13.5– ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.80–
0.24 4.0 19.5 16.0 1.50
... S30815 0.05– 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40– 20.0– 10.0– ... ... ... ... 0.14– ... ... 0.03–
0.10 2.00 22.0 12.0 0.20 0.08

TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0– 12.0– 0.75 ... ... ... ... ... ...
24.0 15.0
TP309H S30909 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0– 12.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.10 24.0 15.0

TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0– 12.0– 0.75 ... 10 × C ... ... ... ...
24.0 16.0 min,
1.10 max
 TABLE 1 Continued
Composition, %B
UNS
Grade Desig- Tanta-
Manga- Phos- Chrom- Molyb- Tita- Nitro- Vana- Alum-
nationA Carbon Sulfur Silicon Nickel NiobiumM lum, Copper Cerium Boron Other
nese phorus ium denum nium genC dium inum
max
TP309HCb S30941 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0– 12.0– 0.75 ... 10 × C ... ... ...
0.10 24.0 16.0 min,
1.10 max
S31002 0.015 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.15 24.0– 19.0– 0.10 ... ... ... 0.10 ...

Downloaded/printed by
26.0 22.0
TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0– 19.0– 0.75 ... ... ... ... ... ...
26.0 22.0

TP310H S31009 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0– 19.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.10 26.0 22.0
S31035 0.04– 0.60 0.025 0.015 0.40 21.5– 23.5– 0.40– 0.20– 2.5– 0.002– W 3.0–
0.10 23.5 26.5 0.60 0.30 3.5 0.008 4.0
Co 1.0–
2.0
TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0– 19.0– 0.75 ... 10 × C ... ... ... ...
26.0 22.0 min,
1.10 max

TP310HCb S31041 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0– 19.0– 0.75 ... 10 × C ... ... ...
0.10 26.0 22.0 min,
1.10 max
... S31050 0.025 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.4 24.0– 20.5– 1.6– ... ... ... 0.09– ... ... ...
26.0 23.5 2.6 0.15

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... S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.5– 17.5– 6.0– ... ... ... 0.18– ... 0.50– ...
20.5 18.5 6.5 0.25 1.00

4
... S31266 0.030 2.00– 0.035 0.020 1.00 23.0– 21.0– 5.2– 0.35– 1.00– W 1.50–
4.00 25.0 24.0 6.2 0.60 2.50 2.50
S31272 0.08– 1.5– 0.030 0.015 0.25– 14.0– 14.0– 1.00– 0.30– 0.004–
012 2.00 0.75 16.0 16.0 1.40 0.60 0.008
S31277 0.020 3.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 20.5– 26.0– 6.5– 0.30– 0.50–
23.0 28.0 8.0 0.40 1.50
A312/A312M − 21

TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0– 10.0– 2.00– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
18.0 14.0 3.00

TP316L S31603 0.035D 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0– 10.0– 2.00– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

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18.0 14.0 3.00

TP316H S31609 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0– 10.0– 2.00– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.10 18.0 14.0 3.00

TP316Ti S31635 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 16.0– 10.0– 2.00– 5× ... ... 0.10 ... ... ... ... ...
18.0 14.0 3.00 (C+N)
–0.70

TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0– 10.0– 2.00– 0.10– ... ... ...
18.0 14.0 3.00 0.16

TP316LN S31653 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0– 10.0– 2.00– ... ... ... 0.10– ... ... ...
18.0 14.0 3.00 0.16
... S31655 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.5– 8.0– 0.50– ... ... ... 0.14– ... 1.00 ... ... ... ...
21.5 9.5 1.50 0.25

TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0– 11.0– 3.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
20.0 15.0 4.0
 TABLE 1 Continued
Composition, %B
UNS
Grade Desig- Tanta-
Manga- Phos- Chrom- Molyb- Tita- Nitro- Vana- Alum-
nationA Carbon Sulfur Silicon Nickel NiobiumM lum, Copper Cerium Boron Other
nese phorus ium denum nium genC dium inum
max

TP317L S31703 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0– 11.0– 3.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
20.0 15.0 4.0

Downloaded/printed by
... S31725 0.03 2.00 0.040E 0.030 1.00 18.0– 13.5– 4.0– ... ... ... 0.10 ... 0.75 ...
20.0 17.5 5.0
... S31726 0.03 2.00 0.040E 0.030 1.00 17.0– 13.5– 4.0– ... ... ... 0.10– ... 0.75 ...
20.0 17.5 5.0 0.20
... S31727 0.03 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 17.5– 14.5– 3.8– ... ... ... 0.15– ... 2.8– ... ... ...
19.0 16.5 4.5 0.21 4.0
... S31730 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 17.0– 15.0– 3.0– ... ... ... 0.045 ... 4.0– ... ... ... ...
19.0 16.5 4.0 5.0
... S31740 0.005– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0– 11.0– 3.0–4.5 ... 0.20– ... 0.06–0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.020N 19.0 15.0 0.50N
... S32053 0.03 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 22.0– 24.0– 5.0– ... ... ... 0.17– ... ... ... ... ...
24.0 26.0 6.0 0.22

F
TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0– 9.0– ... ... ... 0.10 ... ... ...
19.0 12.0

TP321H S32109 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0– 9.0– ... 4(C+N) ... ... 0.10 ... ... ...
0.10 19.0 12.0 min;
0.70

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max
... S32615 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.030 4.8– 16.5– 19.0– 0.30– ... ... ... ... ... 1.50– ...

5
6.0 19.5 22.0 1.50 2.50
... S32654 0.020 2.0– 0.030 0.005 0.50 24.0– 21.0– 7.0– ... ... ... 0.45– ... 0.30– ...
4.0 25.0 23.0 8.0 0.55 0.60
... S33228 0.04– 1.00 0.020 0.015 0.30 26.0– 31.0– ... ... 0.60– ... ... ... ... 0.05– ... 0.025
0.08 28.0 33.0 1.00 0.10
... S34565 0.03 5.0– 0.030 0.010 1.00 23.0– 16.0– 4.0– ... 0.10 0.40– ... ... ... ...
7.0 25.0 18.0 5.0 0.60
A312/A312M − 21

G
TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0– 9.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
19.0 13.0

H
TP347H S34709 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0– 9.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

University of Toronto (University of Toronto) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
0.10 19.0 13.0

TP347LN S34751 0.005– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0– 9.0– ... ... 0.20– ... 0.06– ... ... ... ... ...
0.020 19.0 13.0 0.50I 0.10

S34752 0.005– 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 17.0– 10.0– 0.20– ... 0.20– ... 0.06– ... 2.50– ... 0.001– ...
0.020 19.0 13.0 1.20 0.50I 0.12 3.50 0.005

G
TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0– 9.0– ... ... 0.10 ... ... ... ...
19.0 13.0

H
TP348H S34809 0.04– 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0– 9.0– ... ... 0.10 ... ... ... ...
0.10 19.0 13.0
... S35045 0.06– 1.50 ... 0.015 1.00 25.0– 32.0– ... 0.15– ... ... ... ... 0.75 ... ... 0.15–
0.10 29.0 37.0 0.60 0.60
... S35315 0.04– 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.20– 24.0– 34.0– ... ... ... ... 0.12– ... ... 0.03– ... ...
0.08 2.00 26.0 36.0 0.18 0.08
 TABLE 1 Continued
Composition, %B
UNS
Grade Desig- Tanta-
Manga- Phos- Chrom- Molyb- Tita- Nitro- Vana- Alum-

Downloaded/printed by
nationA Carbon Sulfur Silicon Nickel NiobiumM lum, Copper Cerium Boron Other
nese phorus ium denum nium genC dium inum
max
TPXM-15 S38100 0.08 2.00 0.030 0.030 1.50– 17.0– 17.5– ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
2.50 19.0 18.5
... S38815 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.020 5.5– 13.0– 15.0– 0.75– ... ... ... ... ... 0.75– ... ... 0.30
6.5 15.0 17.0 1.50 1.50

L L
Alloy 20 N08020 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.035 1.00 19.0– 32.0– 2.0– ... ... ... 3.0– ... ... ...
21.0 38.0 3.0 4.0
N08028 0.030 2.50 0.030 0.030 1.0 26.0– 30.0– 3.0– 0.60–
28.0 34.0 4.0 1.4
N08029 0.020 2.0 0.025 0.015 0.6 26.0– 30.0– 4.0– 0.6–
28.0 34.0 5.0 1.4
... N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 20.0– 23.5– 6.0– ... ... ... 0.18– ... 0.75 ... ... ...
22.0 25.5 7.0 0.25

800 N08800 0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0– 30.0– ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.75 ... ... 0.15– FeJ
23.0 35.0 0.60 39.5 min.

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800H N08810 0.05– 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0– 30.0– ... 0.15– ... ... ... ... 0.75 ... ... 0.15– FeJ
0.10 23.0 35.0 0.60 0.60 39.5 min.

6
N08811 0.06– 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0– 30.0– ... 0.15– ... ... ... ... 0.75 ... ... 0.15– FeJ
0.10 23.0 35.0 0.60K 0.60K 39.5 min.
... N08904 0.020 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 19.0– 23.0– 4.0– ... ... ... 0.10 ... 1.00– ... ... ...
23.0 28.0 5.0 2.00
... N08925 0.020 1.00 0.045 0.030 0.50 19.0– 24.0– 6.0– ... ... ... 0.10– ... 0.80– ... ... ...
21.0 26.0 7.0 0.20 1.50
A312/A312M − 21

... N08926 0.020 2.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 19.0– 24.0– 6.0– ... ... ... 0.15– ... 0.50– ... ... ...
21.0 26.0 7.0 0.25 1.50
A
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
B
Maximum, unless otherwise indicated. Where elipses (...) appear in this table, there is no requirement and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported.
C
The method of analysis for nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.

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D
For small diameter or thin walls or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.040 % is necessary in grades TP304L and TP316L. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those less
than 0.500 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter and light wall tubes as those less than 0.049 in. [1.20 mm] in average wall thickness (0.044 in. [1.10 mm] in minimum wall thickness).
E
For welded pipe, the phosphorus maximum shall be 0.045 %.
F
Ti 5 × (C+N) min, 0.70 max.
G
The niobium content shall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.00 %.
H
The niobium content shall be not less than eight times the carbon content and not more than 1.0 %.
I
Grade S34751 and Grade S34752 shall have a niobium content of not less than 15 times the carbon content.
J
Iron shall be determined arithmetically by difference of 100 minus the sum of the other specified elements.
K
Al + Ti shall be 0.85 % min; 1.20 % max.
L
Niobium (Nb) + Tantalum = 8 × Carbon min, 1.00 max.
M
The terms Niobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) are alternative names for the same element.
N
S31740 shall have a niobium (columbium) content of not less than 15 times the carbon content.
 A312/A312M − 21
TABLE 2 Annealing Requirements TABLE 3 Permitted Variations in Wall Thickness
A
Grade or UNS Designation Heat Treating Cooling/Testing Tolerance, % from Nominal
TemperatureB Requirements NPS Designator Over Under
C 1⁄8 to 21⁄2 incl., all t/D
All grades not individually listed 1900 °F [1040 °C] 20.0 12.5
below: ratios
TP321H, TP347H, TP348H 3 to 18 incl., t/D up to
22.5 12.5
Cold finished 2000 °F [1100 °C] D 5 % incl.
Hot finished 1925 °F [1050 °C] D 3 to 18 incl., t/D > 5 % 15.0 12.5
TP304H, TP316H 20 and larger, welded,
17.5 12.5
Cold finished 1900 °F [1040 °C] D all t/D ratios
Hot finished 1900 °F [1040 °C] D 20 and larger,
TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, 1900 °F [1040 °C] D seamless, t/D up to 22.5 12.5
TP310HCb 5 % incl.
S30600 2010–2140 °F D 20 and larger,
15.0 12.5
[1100–1170 °C] seamless, t/D > 5 %
D
S30601 2010–2140 °F
[1100–1170 °C] where:
D
S30815, S31272 1920 °F [1050 °C]
D
t = Nominal Wall Thickness
S31035 2160–2280 °F
[1180–1250 °C]
D = Ordered Outside Diameter
D
S31254, S32654 2100 °F [1150 °C]
D
S31266 2100 °F [1150 °C]
D
S31277 2050 °F [1120 °C]
D
S31727, S32053 1975–2155 °F
[1080–1180 °C] wall thickness (or schedule) of the same heat, hot formed and
S33228 2050–2160 °F D
quenched in the same production run.
[1120–1180 °C] 11.1.2 Where the final heat treated condition is obtained,
D
S34565 2050–2140 °F
[1120–1170 °C] consistent with the requirements of 6.2, in a batch-type furnace
S34752 1940–2138 °F D
equipped with recording pyrometers and automatically con-
[1060–1170 °C]
S35315 2010 °F [1100 °C] D trolled within a 50 °F [30 °C] or lesser range, the term lot shall
S38815 1950 °F [1065 °C] D apply to all pipes of the same specified outside diameter and
N08367 2025 °F [1110 °C] D
D
specified wall thickness (or schedule), of the same heat,
N08020 1700–1850 °F
[925–1010 °C]
subjected to the same finishing temperature within the same
N08028 2000 °F [1100 °C] D production run.
D
N08029 2000 °F [1100 °C]
D
11.1.3 Where the final heat treated condition is obtained,
N08810 2050 °F [1120 °C]
N08811 2100 °F [1150 °C] D consistent with the requirements of 6.2, in a batch-type furnace
N08904 2000 °F [1100 °C] D not equipped with recording pyrometers and automatically
D
N08925, N08926 2010–2100 °F controlled within a 50 °F [30 °C] or lesser range, the term lot
[1100–1150 °C]
shall apply to the larger of: (a) each 200 ft [60 m] or fraction
A
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086. thereof and (b) those pipes heat treated in the same furnace
B
Minimum, unless otherwise stated.
C
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means, at a rate sufficient to batch charge for pipes of the same specified outside diameter
prevent re-precipitation of carbides, as demonstrable by the capability of pipes, and specified wall thickness (or schedule) that are produced
heat treated by either separate solution annealing or by direct quenching, of
passing Practices A262, Practice E. The manufacturer is not required to run the
from the same heat of steel and are subjected to the same
test unless it is specified on the purchase order (see Supplementary Requirement finishing temperature within the same production run.
S7). Note that Practices A262 requires the test to be performed on sensitized
specimens in the low-carbon and stabilized types and on specimens representa- 11.2 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One tension
tive of the as-shipped condition for other types. In the case of low-carbon types test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 100
containing 3 % or more molybdenum, the applicability of the sensitizing treatment pipes. Tension tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes
prior to testing shall be a matter for negotiation between the seller and the
purchaser. for lots of more than 100 pipes.
D
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means.
11.3 Flattening Test—For material heat treated in a continu-
ous furnace, by quenching after hot forming or in a batch-type
furnace equipped with recording pyrometers and automatically
controlled within a 50 °F [30 °C] or lesser range, flattening
11. Mechanical Tests, Grain Size Determinations, and tests shall be made on a sufficient number of pipe to constitute
Weld Decay Tests Required 5 % of the lot, but in no case less than 2 lengths of pipe. For
11.1 Mechanical Testing Lot Definition—The term lot for material heat treated in a batch-type furnace not equipped with
mechanical tests shall be as follows: recording pyrometers and automatically controlled within a 50
11.1.1 Where the final heat treated condition is obtained, °F [30 °C] or lesser range, flattening tests shall be made on 5 %
consistent with the requirements of 6.2, in a continuous furnace of the pipe from each heat treated lot.
or by quenching after hot forming, the term lot for mechanical 11.3.1 For welded pipe a transverse-guided face bend test of
tests shall apply to all pipes of the same specified outside the weld may be conducted instead of a flattening test in
diameter and specified wall thickness (or schedule) of the same accordance with the method outlined in the steel tubular
heat, heat treated in the same furnace at the same temperature, product supplement of Test Methods and Definitions A370. For
time at heat, and furnace speed in the same production run, or welded pipe with a specified wall thickness over 3⁄8 in., two
all pipes of the same specified outside diameter and specified side bend tests may be made instead of the face bend test. The

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 A312/A312M − 21
TABLE 4 Tensile Requirements TABLE 4 Continued
Grade UNS Tensile Yield Grade UNS Tensile Yield
Designation Strength, min Strength, min Designation Strength, min Strength, min
ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa]
TP201 S20100 75 [515] 38 [260] TP347LN S34751 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP201LN S20153 95 [655] 45 [310] ... S34752 75 [515] 30 [205]
... S20400 95 [635] 48 [330] TP348 S34800 75 [515] 30 [205]
TPXM-19 S20910 100 [690] 55 [380] TP348H S34809 75 [515] 30 [205]
TPXM-10 S21900 90 [620] 50 [345] ... S35045 70 [485] 25 [170]
TPXM-11 S21904 90 [620] 50 [345] ... S35315
TPXM-29 S24000 100 [690] 55 [380] Welded 94 [650] 39 [270]
TP304 S30400 75 [515] 30 [205] Seamless 87 [600] 38 [260]
TP304L S30403 70 [485] 25 [170] TPXM-15 S38100 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP304H S30409 75 [515] 30 [205] ... S38815 78 [540] 37 [255]
... S30415 87 [600] 42 [290] Alloy 20 N08020 80 [550] 35 [240]
TP304N S30451 80 [550] 35 [240] N08028 73 [500] 31 [214]
TP304LN S30453 75 [515] 30 [205] N08029 73 [500] 31 [214]
... S30600 78 [540] 35 [240] ... N08367:
... S30601 78 [540] 37 [255] t # 0.187 in. 100 [690] 45 [310]
... S30615 90 [620] 40 [275] [5.00 mm]
... S30815 87 [600] 45 [310] t > 0.187 in. 95 [655] 45 [310]
TP309S S30908 75 [515] 30 [205] [5.00 mm]
TP309H S30909 75 [515] 30 [205] 800 N08800
TP309Cb S30940 75 [515] 30 [205] cold-worked 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP309HCb S30941 75 [515] 30 [205] annealed
... S31002 73 [500] 30 [205] hot finished annealed 65 [450] 25 [170]
TP310S S31008 75 [515] 30 [205] 800H N08810 65 [450] 25 [170]
TP310H S31009 75 [515] 30 [205] N08811 65 [450] 25 [170]
S31035 95 [655] 45 [310] ... N08904 71 [490] 31 [215]
TP310Cb S31040 75 [515] 30 [205] ... N08925 87 [600] 43 [295]
TP310HCb S31041 75 [515] 30 [205] ... N08926 94 [650] 43 [295]
... S31050:
t # 0.250 in. 84 [580] 39 [270] Elongation in 2 in. or Longi- Trans-
[6.35 mm] 50 mm (or 4D), min, % tudinal verse
t > 0.250 in. 78 [540] 37 [255] All Grades except S31050 and S32615 35 25
[6.35 mm]
... S31254: S32615, S31050 25 ...
t # 0.187 in. [5.00 mm] 98 [675] 45 [310]
t > 0.187 in. [5.00 mm] 95 [655] 45 [310] S31277, N08925, 40 ...
... S31266 109 [750] 61 [420] N08028, N08029
... S31272 65 [450] 29 [200]
... S31277 112 [770] 52 [360] N08367, N08020, 30 ...
TP316 S31600 75 [515] 30 [205] N08800, N08810,
TP316L S31603 70 [485] 25 [170] N08811
TP316H S31609 75 [515] 30 [205]
... S31635 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP316N S31651 80 [550] 35 [240]
TP316LN S31653 75 [515] 30 [205] ductility of the weld shall be considered acceptable when there
... S31655 92 [635] 45 [310] is no evidence of cracks in the weld or between the weld and
TP317 S31700 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP317L S31703 75 [515] 30 [205] the base metal after bending. Test specimens from 5 % of the
... S31725 75 [515] 30 [205] lot shall be taken from the pipe or test plates of the same
... S31726 80 [550] 35 [240] material as the pipe, the test plates being attached to the end of
... S31727 80 [550] 36 [245]
... S31730 70 [480] 25 [175] the cylinder and welded as a prolongation of the pipe longitu-
... S31740 75 [515] 30 [205] dinal seam.
... S32053 93 [640] 43 [295]
TP321 S32100: 11.4 Grain Size—Grain size determinations, in accordance
Welded 75 [515] 30 [205] with Test Methods E112, shall be made on the grades listed in
Seamless:
t # 0.375 in. 75 [515] 30 [205]
Table 5. Grain size determinations shall be made on each heat
[9.50 mm]
t > 0.375 in. 70 [485] 25 [170]
TABLE 5 Grain Size Requirements
[9.50 mm]
TP321H S32109: Grade UNS Designation Grain Size
Welded 75 [515] 30 [205] ... N08810 5 or coarser
Seamless: ... N08811 5 or coarser
t # 0.375 in. 75 [515] 30 [205] TP304H S30409 7 or coarser
[9.50 mm] TP309H S30909 6 or coarser
t > 0.375 in. 70 [480] 25 [170] TP309HCb S30940 6 or coarser
[9.50 mm] TP310H S31009 6 or coarser
... S32615 80 [550] 32 [220] TP310HCb S31041 6 or coarser
... S32654 109 [750] 62 [430] TP316H S31609 7 or coarser
... S33228 73 [500] 27 [185] TP321H S32109 7 or coarser
... S34565 115 [795] 60 [415] ... S32615 3 or finer
TP347 S34700 75 [515] 30 [205] TP347H S34709 7 or coarser
TP347H S34709 75 [515] 30 [205] TP348H S34809 7 or coarser

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 A312/A312M − 21
treatment lot, as defined in 11.1, for the same number of pipes 15.3 Weld repairs shall be made only with the gas tungsten-
as prescribed for the flattening test in 11.3. The grain size arc welding process using the same classification of bare filler
results shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 5. rod qualified to the most current AWS Specification A5.9 as the
11.5 HCW pipe shall be capable of passing the weld decay grade of stainless steel pipe being repaired and as shown in
tests listed in Supplementary S9 with a weld metal to base Table 6. Alternatively, subject to approval by the purchaser,
metal loss ratio of 0.90 to 1.1. The test is not required to be weld repairs shall be made only with the gas tungsten-arc
performed unless S9 is specified in the purchase order. welding process using a filler metal more highly alloyed than
the base metal when needed for corrosion resistance or other
12. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test properties.
12.1 Each pipe shall be subjected to the nondestructive 15.4 Pipes that have had weld seam repairs with filler metal
electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used shall be uniquely identified and shall be so stated and identified
shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise on the certificate of tests. When filler metal other than that
specified in the purchase order. listed in Table 6 is used, the filler metal shall be identified on
12.2 The hydrostatic test shall be in accordance with Speci- the certificate of tests.
fication A999/A999M, unless specifically exempted under the
provisions of 12.3.
12.3 For pipe whose dimensions equal or exceed NPS10, TABLE 6 Pipe and Filler Metal Specification
the purchaser, with the agreement of the manufacturer, is Pipe Filler Metal
permitted to waive the hydrostatic test requirement when in UNS AWS A5.9 UNS Designation
Grade
lieu of such test the purchaser performs a system test. Each Designation Class
length of pipe furnished without the completed manufacturer’s TP201 S20100 ... ... ...
TP201LN S20153 ... ... ...
hydrostatic test shall include with the mandatory markings the TP304 S30400 ER308 S30800, W30840
letters “NH.” TP304L S30403 ER308L S30883, W30843
TP304N S30451 ER308 S30880, W30840
12.4 The nondestructive electric test shall be in accordance TP304LN S30453 ER308L S30883, W30843
with Specification A999/A999M. TP304H S30409 ER308 S30880, W30840
... S30601 ... ...
13. Lengths TP309Cb S30940 ... ... ...
TP309S S30908 ... ... ...
13.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the following TP310Cb S31040 ... ... ...
regular practice: TP310S S31008 ... ... ...
... S31266 ERNiCrMo-4 N10276
13.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, all sizes from NPS ERNiCrMo-10 N06022
1⁄8 to and including NPS 8 are available in a length up to 24 ft ERNiCrMo-13 N06059
with the permitted range of 15 to 24 ft. Short lengths are ERNiCrMo-14 N06686
ERNiCrMo-17 N06200
acceptable and the number and minimum length shall be S31272 ... ... ...
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. TP316 S31600 ER316 S31680, W31640
TP316L S31603 ER316L S31683, W31643
13.1.2 If definite cut lengths are desired, the lengths re-
TP316N S31651 ER316 S31680, W31640
quired shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be under the TP316LN S31653 ER316L S31683, W31643
specified length and no pipe shall be more than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] ... S31655 ... ... ...
TP316H S31609 ER316H S31680, W31640
over the specified length. ... S31730 ERNiCr-3, or N06082, N06625, N10276
13.1.3 No jointers are permitted unless otherwise specified. ERNiCrMo-3,
or
14. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance ERNiCrMo-4
S31740 ERNiCrCoMo-1 N06617, N06625
14.1 The finished pipes shall be reasonably straight and or ERNiCrMo-3
shall have a workmanlike finish. Removal of imperfections by TP321 S32100 ER321 S32180, W32140
ER347 S34780, W34740
grinding is permitted, provided the wall thicknesses are not TP347 S34700 ER347 S34780, W34740
decreased to less than that permitted in the Permissible TP348 S34800 ER347 S34780, W34740
Variations in Wall Thickness section of Specification A999/ TPXM-19 S22100 ER209 S20980, W32240
TPXM-29 S28300 ER240 S23980, W32440
A999M. ... N08367 ... N06625
Alloy 20 N08020 ER320 N08021
15. Repair by Welding ER320LR N08022
N08028 ER383 N08028
15.1 For welded pipe whose diameter equals or exceeds N08029 ERNiCrMo-3A N06625
NPS 6, and whose nominal wall thickness equals or exceeds ERNiCrMo-13A N06059
0.200, it is permitted to make weld repairs to the weld seam ... S20400 ER209 S20980, W32240
800 N08800 ERNiCr-3A N06082
with the addition of compatible filler metal using the same 800H N08810 ERNiCr-3A N06082
procedures specified for plate defects in the section on Repair N08811 ERNiCr-3A N06082
by Welding of Specification A999/A999M. ... N08925 ... N06625
... N08926 ... N06625
15.2 Weld repairs of the weld seam shall not exceed 20 % of A
AWS A5.14 Class.
the seam length.

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 A312/A312M − 21
16. Certification Grade UNS Designation
TP304 S30400
16.1 In addition to the information required by Specification TP304L S30403
A999/A999M, the certification shall state whether or not the TP304N S30451
material was hydrostatically tested. If the material was nonde- TP316 S31600
TP316L S31603
structively tested, the certification shall so state and shall state TP316N S31651
which standard practice was followed and what reference TP317 S31700
discontinuities were used. TP317L S31703
TP321 S32100
TP347 S34700
17. Marking
18.1.4 Part Number:
17.1 In addition to the marking specified in Specification
Example: ASTM A312/A312M Pipe 304 NPS 12 SCH 40S
A999/A999M, the marking shall include the NPS (nominal
SMLS
pipe size) or outside diameter and schedule number or average
Specification Number ASTM A312
wall thickness, heat number, and NH when hydrotesting is not Pipe P
performed and ET when eddy-current testing is performed or Grade 304
UT when ultrasonic testing is performed. The marking shall NPS 12
Wall 0.375
also include the manufacturer’s private identifying mark, the SMLS OR WELDED SML
marking requirement of 12.3, if applicable, and whether
[Link]
seamless (SML), welded (WLD), or heavily cold-worked
(HCW). For Grades TP304H, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, Specification Number ASTM A312
Tube T
TP348H, and S30815, the marking shall also include the heat Grade 304
number and heat-treatment lot identification. If specified in the Outside Diameter 0.250
purchase order, the marking for pipe larger than NPS 4 shall Wall 0.035
SMLS OR WELDED WLD
include the weight.
18.1.5 Ordering Information—Orders for material under
18. Government Procurement this specification shall include the following in addition to the
18.1 Scale Free Pipe for Government Procurement: requirements of Section 4:
18.1.1 When specified in the contract or order, the following [Link] Pipe or tube,
requirements shall be considered in the inquiry, contract or [Link] Part number,
order, for agencies of the U.S. Government where scale free [Link] Ultrasonic inspection, if required,
pipe or tube is required. These requirements shall take prece- [Link] If shear wave test is to be conducted in two
dence if there is a conflict between these requirements and the opposite circumferential directions,
product specifications. [Link] Intergranular corrosion test, and
18.1.2 The requirements of Specification A999/A999M for [Link] Level of preservation and packing required.
pipe and Specification A1016/A1016M for tubes shall be
applicable when pipe or tube is ordered to this specification. 19. Keywords
18.1.3 Pipe and tube shall be one of the following grades as 19.1 austenitic stainless steel; seamless steel pipe; stainless
specified herein: steel pipe; steel pipe; welded steel pipe

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the
purchase order. The purchaser may specify a different frequency of test or analysis than is provided
in the supplementary requirement. Subject to agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer,
retest and retreatment provisions of these supplementary requirements may also be modified.

S1. Product Analysis S2. Transverse Tension Tests

S1.1 For all pipe NPS 5 and larger in nominal size there shall S2.1 There shall be one transverse tension test made from
be one product analysis made of a representative sample from one end of 10 % of the lengths furnished per heat of steel. This
one piece for each ten lengths or fraction thereof from each requirement is applicable only to pipe NPS 8 and larger.
heat of steel. S2.2 If a specimen from any length fails to conform to the
S1.2 For pipe smaller than NPS 5 there shall be one product tensile properties specified that length shall be rejected.
analysis made from ten lengths per heat of steel or from 10 %
of the number of lengths per heat of steel, whichever number S3. Flattening Test
is smaller. S3.1 The flattening test of Specification A999/A999M shall
S1.3 Individual lengths failing to conform to the chemical be made on a specimen from one end or both ends of each pipe.
requirements specified in Section 7 shall be rejected. Crop ends may be used. If this supplementary requirement is

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 A312/A312M − 21
specified, the number of tests per pipe shall also be specified. S7.2 A stabilization heat treatment in accordance with
If a specimen from any length fails because of lack of ductility Supplementary Requirement S6 may be necessary and is
prior to satisfactory completion of the first step of the flattening permitted in order to meet this requirement for the grades
test requirement, that pipe shall be rejected subject to retreat- containing titanium or columbium, particularly in their H
ment in accordance with Specification A999/A999M and versions.
satisfactory retest. If a specimen from any length of pipe fails
because of a lack of soundness that length shall be rejected, S8. Minimum Wall Pipe
unless subsequent retesting indicates that the remaining length S8.1 When specified by the purchaser, pipe shall be fur-
is sound. nished on a minimum wall basis. The wall of such pipe shall
not fall below the thickness specified. In addition to the
S4. Etching Tests marking required by Section 17, the pipe shall be marked S8.
S4.1 The steel shall be homogeneous as shown by etching
S9. Weld Decay Test
tests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions of
Method E381. Etching tests shall be made on a cross section S9.1 When specified in the purchase order, one sample from
from one end or both ends of each pipe and shall show sound each lot of pipe shall be subject to testing in a boiling solution
and reasonably uniform material free of injurious laminations, of 50 % reagent grade hydrochloric acid and 50 % water.
cracks, and similar objectionable defects. If this supplementary S9.2 The sample, of approximately 2–in. [50–mm] length,
requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe required shall be prepared from a production length of pipe. Depending
shall also be specified. If a specimen from any length shows on the size of the pipe, it is permitted to section the sample
objectionable defects, the length shall be rejected, subject to longitudinally to allow it to fit in the Erlenmeyer flask. As a
removal of the defective end and subsequent retests indicating minimum, the tested sample shall include the entire weld and
the remainder of the length to be sound and reasonably uniform adjacent area and the full length of base metal 180° across from
the weld. All burrs and sharp edges shall be removed by light
material.
grinding. Dust and grease shall be removed by cleaning with
soap and water or other suitable solvents.
S5. Radiographic Examination
S9.3 The hydrochloric acid solution shall be prepared by
S5.1 The entire length of weld in each double welded pipe slowly adding reagent grade (approximately 37 %) hydrochlo-
shall be radiographically examined, using X-radiation, in ric acid to an equal volume of distilled water.
accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of Section VIII Division 1 Warning—Protect eyes and use rubber gloves when han-
of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. In addition to dling acid. Mixing and testing shall be performed in a
the marking required by Section 13 each pipe shall be marked protective enclosure.
“RT” after the specification and grade. Requirements of S5 S9.4 The test container shall be a 1–L Erlenmeyer flask
shall be required in the certification. equipped with ground-glass joints and an Ahline condenser.
The volume of the solution shall be approximately 700 mL.
S6. Stabilizing Heat Treatment S9.5 The thickness of the weld and the base metal 180°
from the weld shall be measured near both ends of the sample.
S6.1 Subsequent to the solution anneal required in 6.2, These measurements shall be made with a micrometer with an
Grades TP309HCb, TP310HCb, TP321, TP321H, TP347, anvil shape suitable for measuring the thickness with an
TP347H, TP348, and TP348H shall be given a stabilization accuracy to at least 0.001 in. [0.025 mm].
heat treatment at a temperature lower than that used for the S9.6 The sample sections, both weld and base metal, shall
initial solution annealing heat treatment. The temperature of be immersed in the flask containing the solution. Boiling chips
stabilization heat treatment shall be as agreed upon between the shall be added and the solution brought to a boil. Boiling shall
purchaser and vendor. be maintained through the duration of the test. The time of
testing shall be that which is required to remove 40 to 60 % of
S7. Intergranular Corrosion Test the original base metal thickness (usually 2 h or less). If more
than 60 % of the base metal thickness remains, it is permitted
S7.1 When specified, material shall pass intergranular cor- to terminate the test after 24 h.
rosion tests conducted by the manufacturer in accordance with S9.7 At the end of the test period, the samples shall be
Practices A262, Practice E. removed from the solution, rinsed with distilled water, and
S7.1.1 Practice E requires testing on the sensitized condi- dried.
tion for low carbon or stabilized grades, and on the as-shipped S9.8 The thickness measurements as in S9.5 shall be re-
condition for other grades. The applicability of this test and the peated. The anvil shape of the micrometer used shall be
preparation of the sample for testing for grades containing suitable for measuring the minimum remaining thickness with
greater than 3 % molybdenum shall be as agreed by the an accuracy to at least 0.001 in. [0.025 mm].
purchaser and manufacturer. S9.9 The corrosion ratio, R, shall be calculated as follows:
NOTE S7.1—Practice E requires testing on the sensitized condition for R 5 ~W0 2 W!⁄~B0 2 B!
low carbon or stabilized grades, and on the as-shipped condition for other
grades. where:

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 A312/A312M − 21

W0 = average weld-metal thickness before the test, S9.9.2 The corrosion ratio shall be 1.25 or less, or as further
W = average weld-metal thickness after the test, restricted in the purchase order, when the weld decay test is
B0 = average base-metal thickness before the test, and specified for welded (WLD) pipe.
B = average base-metal thickness after the test,
S9.9.1 The corrosion ratio for HCW pipe shall be as
specified in 11.5.

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. DIMENSIONS OF WELDED AND SEAMLESS STAINLESS STEEL PIPE

X1.1 Table X1.1 is based on Table number 1 of the

American National Standard for stainless steel pipe (ASME
B36.19) but not identical.
TABLE X1.1 Dimensions of Welded and Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe
NOTE 1—The decimal thickness listed for the respective pipe sizes represents their nominal or average wall dimensions.
NPS Outside Diameter Nominal Wall Thickness
Designator in. mm Schedule 5SA Schedule 10SA Schedule 40S Schedule 80S
in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm

⁄
18 0.405 10.3 ... ... 0.049 1.24 0.068 1.73 0.095 2.41
⁄
14 0.540 13.7 ... ... 0.065 1.65 0.088 2.24 0.119 3.02
3⁄ 8 0.675 17.1 ... ... 0.065 1.65 0.091 2.31 0.126 3.20
1⁄ 2 0.840 21.3 0.065 1.65 0.083 2.11 0.109 2.77 0.147 3.73
3⁄ 4 1.050 26.7 0.065 1.65 0.083 2.11 0.113 2.87 0.154 3.91
1 1.315 33.4 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.133 3.38 0.179 4.55
1 1⁄ 4 1.660 42.2 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.140 3.58 0.191 4.85
1 1⁄ 2 1.900 48.3 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.145 3.68 0.200 5.08
2 2.375 60.3 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.154 3.91 0.218 5.54
2 1⁄ 2 2.875 73.0 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.203 5.16 0.276 7.01
3 3.500 88.9 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.216 5.49 0.300 7.62
3 1⁄ 2 4.000 101.6 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.226 5.74 0.318 8.08
4 4.500 114.3 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.237 6.02 0.337 8.56
5 5.563 141.3 0.109 2.77 0.134 3.40 0.258 6.55 0.375 9.53
6 6.625 168.3 0.109 2.77 0.134 3.40 0.280 7.11 0.432 10.97
8 8.625 219.1 0.109 2.77 0.148 3.76 0.322 8.18 0.500 12.70
10 10.750 273.1 0.134 3.40 0.165 4.19 0.365 9.27 0.500B 12.70B
12 12.750 323.9 0.156 3.96 0.180 4.57 0.375B 9.53B 0.500B 12.70B
14 14.000 355.6 0.156 3.96 0.188B 4.78B 0.375B 9.53B 0.500B 12.70B
16 16.000 406.4 0.165 4.19 0.188B 4.78B 0.375B 9.53B 0.500B 12.70B
18 18.000 457 0.165 4.19 0.188B 4.78B 0.375B 9.53B 0.500B 12.70B
20 20.000 508 0.188 4.78 0.218B 5.54B 0.375B 9.53B 0.500B 12.70B
22 22.000 559 0.188 4.78 0.218B 5.54B ... ... ... ...
24 24.000 610 0.218 5.54 0.250 6.35 0.375B 9.53B 0.500B 12.70B
30 30.000 762 0.250 6.35 0.312 7.92 ... ... ... ...
A
Schedules 5S and 10S wall thicknesses do not permit threading in accordance with the American National Standard for Pipe Threads (ASME B1.20.1).
B
These do not conform to the American National Standard for Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe (ASME B36.10M).

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 A312/A312M − 21
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A312/A312M – 19) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1, 2021.)

(1) Added UNS designation S31740 to Table 1, Table 4, and

Table 6.

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