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Rectangular Notch PDF

This document describes an experiment to determine the coefficient of discharge of water flowing through a rectangular notch. The objectives are to measure this coefficient, which relates the actual discharge to the theoretical discharge calculated using the notch dimensions and flow equations. The equipment includes a hydraulic bench with notches, and a collecting tank and instruments to measure flow rates and water levels. The procedure involves taking readings of flow volume and time over different heads of water passing through the notch. The coefficients of discharge are then calculated by dividing the actual discharge by the theoretical discharge value.

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Dakshraj Rathod
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715 views5 pages

Rectangular Notch PDF

This document describes an experiment to determine the coefficient of discharge of water flowing through a rectangular notch. The objectives are to measure this coefficient, which relates the actual discharge to the theoretical discharge calculated using the notch dimensions and flow equations. The equipment includes a hydraulic bench with notches, and a collecting tank and instruments to measure flow rates and water levels. The procedure involves taking readings of flow volume and time over different heads of water passing through the notch. The coefficients of discharge are then calculated by dividing the actual discharge by the theoretical discharge value.

Uploaded by

Dakshraj Rathod
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Practical- 6

FLOW THROUGH RECTANGULAR NOTCH

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the coefficients of discharge of the rectangular notches

EQUIPMENT:
• Hydraulic bench
• Notches
• Rectangular,
• Hook and point gauge
• Calibrated collecting tank
• Stop watch

THEORY:
A Notch is a device used for measuring the rate of flow of a liquid through a small channel or a tank.
It may be defined as an opening in the side of a tank or vessel such as liquid surface in the tank is
below the level of opening.

Notches can be of different shapes such as triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, stepped notch, etc.
the bottom of the notch over which the water flows is known as crest or sill and the thin sheet of
water flowing through the notch is known as nappe or vein. The edges of the notch are beveled on
the downstream side so as to have a sharp-edged sides and crest resulting in minimum contact with
the flowing fluid.

Fig. Rectangular Notch


Practical- 6
FLOW THROUGH RECTANGULAR NOTCH

Consider a rectangular notch or weir provided in a channel carrying water as shown in Figure
Let H = Head of water over the crest
L = Length of the notch or weir
For finding the discharge of water flowing over the weir or notch, consider an elementary horizontal
strip of water of thickness dh and length L at a depth h from the free surface of water as shown in
figure-

The area of the strip = L x dh

The theoretical of water flowing through strip = √2𝑔ℎ


the discharge dQ through the strip
dQ = CD x Area of strip x Theoretical velocity
= CD x L dh x √2𝑔ℎ - --------------------- (1)
CD = Coefficients of discharge
The Total Discharge Q can be determined by integrating the equation (1)
𝑯
Q = ∫𝟎 CD x L dh x √2𝑔ℎ
𝑯
Q = CD x L ∫𝟎 √2𝑔ℎ dh
1
+1
ℎ2
Q = √2𝑔 CD x L ( 1 )
+1
2
3
𝟐
Q = √2𝑔 CD x L𝐻 2
𝟑

Formula used:
𝟑
𝟐
Q = CD √𝟐𝒈 x L𝑯 𝟐
𝟑
Practical- 6
FLOW THROUGH RECTANGULAR NOTCH

Procedure:

1. Fix the plate having rectangular notch in the water passage of Hydraulic bench.

2. Turn the hydraulic bench on; water will accumulate in the channel.

3. When the water level reaches the Crest or sill of notch stop the inflow and level the

Point Gauge to be at zero.

4. Restart the bench and note the volume and time of water that accumulates in the

volumetric tank of bench, from this find the discharge, and also note the height of

water at this point.

5. Take different readings by changing the discharge head over the notch, using the

control valve.

Observations and calculations:

COEFFIC
HEAD OVER Theoretical IENT OF
COLLECTOR TANK THE NOTCH discharge DISCHAR
READING Qth GE
CD
Initial Final Time Flow Sill Final Head Over
water water taken Level head Sill 𝟑 Qact /Qth
rate, 𝟐
level level (sec) Qact H1 gauge in H=H1- H2
𝟑
√𝟐𝒈 x L𝑯 𝟐
(cm) (cm) (m) H2
(m3/sec
(m)
)
Practical- 6
FLOW THROUGH RECTANGULAR NOTCH

Actual Flow rate (Qact) in m3/sec =


Theoretical Flow rate, (Qth) m3/sec =
Coefficient of Discharge =

Result –
Average value of CD
Practical- 6
FLOW THROUGH RECTANGULAR NOTCH

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