INDIRA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,SARANG
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
USE OF WASTE PLASTIC IN ROAD CONSRUCTION
GUIDED BY-ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF CIVIL
SUMBITTED BY -
ASHISH KUMAR BEHERA
ROLL NO. -10
REGD NO.-
INTRODUCTION
*Presently global production of
plastic is about 360 million tonne.
*Average worldwide utilization of
plastic is 45 kg/person
*Many plastics are discarded after a
very short lifecycle (e.g., single use),
which causes colossal waste
accumulation and critical
environmental concerns.
Approximately 3% of each year’s
plastic waste ends up in the sea,
harming the environment and wildlife
* Safe disposal of waste plastic is a
serious environmental problem.
*Plastic is a non-biodegradable material
which can last as long as 4,000 years.
*If dumped in land fills, it can find its
way back to the environment through
air and water erosion, can choke the
drains and drainage channels, can be
eaten by grazing animals causing them
illness and death and can contaminate
the construction fill.
*Further, dumping on open land will
result in wasteful use of scares land
resource.
*Land pollution and disposal of waste
plastic challenge can reduce
significantly if these materials are
utilised in road construction.
REQUIREMENT FOR PLASTIC ROAD:
As temperature changes, UV rays,
moisture, and traffic pressure wear down
the pavement, it breaks down, forming
cracks and potholes. Over time, it needs
to be replaced, and more departments of
transportation are using milling machines
to take up the old pavement, grind it up,
and keep it for recycling while pouring
fresh asphalt concrete. Though most
pavement that’s laid down is recycled,
scientists and research teams are looking
at how the paving process can be made
moresustainable, including how to do
on-site recycling, increase longevity, and
decrease the mining of bitumen deposits
or using the leftovers from refined oil.
One way to do this is to use plastic waste
as the binding material with milled asphalt
concrete.
CONSTRUCTION:
plastic roads are a relatively new idea,
Since
construction processes may vary. In
Jamshedpur, India, roads are created from a
mix of plastic and bitumen. These roads are
made from recycled plastics, and the first
step in constructing them is to collect and
manage the plastic material. The plastics
involved in building these roads consists mainly
of common post-consumer products such as
product packaging. Some of the most common
plastics used in packaging are polyethylene
terephthalate , polyvinyl chloride (PVC),
polypropylene (PP), and high and low density
polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE). These materials
are first sorted from plastic waste. After sorting,
the material is cleaned, dried, and shredded. The
shredded plastic is mixed and melted at around
170°C. Hot bitumen is then added and mixed with
the melted plastic. After mixing the mixture is laid
as one would with regular asphalt concrete.
ECONOMIC USE OF PLASTIC:
It has been found that modification of
bitumen with shredded waste plastic
marginally increases the cost by about
Rs. 2500 per tonne. However this
marginal increase in the cost is
compensated by increase in the volume
of the total mix, thereby resulting in less
overall bitumen content, better
performance and environmental
conservation with usage of waste plastic
(1).
PRESENT USE OF PLASTIC FOR
ROAD:;
The process of using plastics for
road construction gained momentum
in 2015, when Union government
issued guidelines on plastic use with
hot mixes for bitumen roads around
urban areas. The Ministry of Road
Transport and Highways has issued
guidelines for use of plastic waste in
wearing course of National Highways
on pilot basis. The plastic waste has
been used in the state of Tamil Nadu
for about 11 Km length and about 1
Km length in the state of Kerala.
Subsequently, India has built one lakh kilometres of
roads in at least 11 states using discarded plastic (2).
The front runners have been following cities:
● Chennai
● Pune
● Surat
● Indore
H How Many Kilometres of Road has been
constructed using Plastic India ?
As of July 2021, 703 km length of National
Highways have been constructed using waste
plastic in wearing coat of flexible pavement.
This information was given by Union Minister
for Road Transport and Highways, Shri Nitin
Gadkari in a written reply in the Lok Sabha (3).
Additionally, Ministry of Road Transport
and Highways has issued guidelines for
mandatory use of waste plastic in
Periodic Renewal with hot mixes and in
wearing coat of service road on National
Highways within 50km periphery of
urban area having population of more
than 5 lakhs.
ADVANTAGES OF PLASTIC ROAD:
● A lightweight prefabricated
construction
● Faster construction and less
maintenance time
● Higher quality and a longer lifespan
● Little to no maintenance required.
The material is virtually impervious to
conditions such as the weather and
weeds.
● The innovation is considerably more
sustainable.
● The goal is to make the Plastic Road
out of 100% recycled plastic and to
make it fully reusable. It is perfectly in
line with the Cradle to Cradle
philosophy and the principles of the
circular economy.
● Double use of space. The hollow space
in the design can be used to store water
or as space for cables and pipes.
● The possibility of constant safety and
water drainage
● Everything on and around the road can
be prefabricated .
● The concept offers opportunities for
further innovation. Examples include
solar heated roads, light poles and
traffic loop sensors.
● Contribution to the social problem of
plastic waste
DISADVANTAGES OF PLASTIC
ROAD:;
● Toxic present in the
co-mingled plastic wastes
would start leaching.
● But the presence of chlorine
will definitely release HCL
gas
CONCLUSION:
*Plastics increase the melting point of the
bitumen. The use of this plastics in road
construction is an innovative technology
which not only strengthens the road but
also increases the road life. The analysis in
this paper reveals that Durability, strength
and cost. It is hoped that in near future we
will have strong, durable and eco friendly
roads which will relieve the earth from all
type of plastic waste.
Pla
FUTURE SCOPE:
the population increases, the solid waste
As
also increases proportionally. The best
alternative is the usage of waste as
construction material assuring a good
disposal. As this method is economic the
practice would be on satisfactory extent
aiding the future generations for a good
solid waste manageme nt
