MAR IVANIOS BETHANY SENIOR SECONDARY
SCHOOL KALAYAPURAM P.O. KOTTARAKKARA
Physics project work
Self-inductance
Submitted for AISSE Practical Examination
2023-2024
CERTIFIED AND BONAFIDE PROJECT WORK
DONE BY
Name :
Class :
[Link] :
External Examiner :
MAR IVANIOS BETHANY SENIOR SECONDARY
SCHOOL KALAYAPURAM P.O. KOTTARAKKARA
. KOTTARAKKARA
CERTIFICATE
Certified record of project entitled
“SELF INDUCTANCE”
Submitted by……………….…………
Reg No……………….
of class XII during the year 2023-2024
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Nothing concrete can be achieved without an
effective inspiration and perspiration, we
must be extremely grateful to those who
inspired us with sincere gratitude.I take this
opportunity to thank all those who helped me
to complete this project.
So I bow my head in sincere gratitude to our
beloved principal [Link] Pillai,
Administrator Rev. Fr. Rijo Thomas OIC,
Bursar Rev. Fr. Daniel Jeevan OIC.
our Physics teachers Ms. Rejani.R and
[Link] all other teaching and non
teaching staffs for their kind co-operation.
I also thank my parents, friends and well
wishers for their constant support and
gratitude.
INDEX
[Link] CONTENTS
1. AIM
2. APPARATUS
3. THEORY & CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM
4. PROCEDURE
5. OBSERVTION
6. RESULT
7. PRECAUTIONS
8. SOURCES OF ERROR
AIM
To study the factor on which the self
inductance of a coil depends by observing
the effect of this coil, when put in series with
a resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up by an A.C.
source of adjustable frequency.
APPARATUS
A coil of large turns, a.c. source of adjustable
frequency, an electrical bulb, (6V) a.c.
ammeter of suitable range rheostat, a soft
iron rod, one way key, connecting wires etc.
Self inductance is the property of a coil which
opposes the change in current through it.
The self inductance of a coil (long solenoid) is
Where.
μr = Relative magnetic permeability of
magnetic material,
V = Total number of turns in solenoid
A = Area of cross-section of solenoid
L = Length of solenoid
Hence, the self inductance depends upon,
1. No of turns (N), L ∝ �2
1
2. Geometry of coil, L ∝ A, L ∝ �
3. Nature of core material, L ∝ μ
When an inductor is connected in series with
a resistor (bulb) with a variable source of
frequency, then current flowing in the bulb is
Where Z = �2 + �2 �2 = Impedance of the a.c.
circuit. Here
R = Resistance of the bulb
L = Self inductance of coil
ω= 2πf = Angular frequency of a.c. source
The brightness of bulb I.e., Heat generated
in the bulb is:
Self inductance is an effect that is noticed
when a single coil experiences the effect of
inductance.
Under the effects of self inductance and
changes in current induce an EMF or
electro-motive force in that same wire or coil,
producing what is often termed a back-EMF.
As the effect is noticed in the same wire or
coil that generated the magnetic field, the
effect is known as self inductance.
Self-inductance: Self inductance is
defined as the phenomenon in which a
change in electric current in a circuit
produces an induced electro-motive force
in the same circuit.
Self inductance unit: The self-inductance
of a coil is said to be one henry if a current
change of one ampere per second through
a circuit produces an electro-motive force
of one volt in the circuit
Self-inductance basics: When current
passes along a wire, and especially when it
passes through a coil or inductor, a
magnetic field is induced. This extends
outwards from the wire or inductor and
could couple with other circuits. However it
also couples with the circuit from which it
is set up.
The magnetic field. can be envisaged as
concentric loops of magnetic flux that
surround the wire, and larger ones that join
up with others from other loops of the coil
enabling self- coupling within the coil.
When the current in the coil changes, this
causes a voltage to be induced the different
loops of the coil the result of self-inductance.
In terms of quantifying the effect of the
inductance, the basic formula below
quantifies the effect
dφ
VL= -N dt
Where
VL = Induced voltage in volts
N = Number of turns in the coil
dφ
dt
= second rate of change of magnetic flux in
webers/second.
The induced voltage in an inductor may also
be expressed in terms of the inductance
(in henries) and the rate of change of current
di
VL=-Ldt
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROCEDURE
1)Make all connections as shown in the
circuit diagram.
2)Switch on the a.c. supply & adjust the
current in the circuit by using the variable
resistor (Rh).
3)Record the current in a.c. ammeter & see
the brightness of bulb.
4)Now, put the soft iron rod inside the
conductor core & record the current in a.c.
ammeter & again check the brightness of
bulb. The current & brightness both
decreases.
5)Now, switch off the supply & decrease the
frequency of a.c. source (say 50 Hz).
6)Again switch on the supply & adjust the
current in circuit at same constant voltage
6V by using the rheostat. Note the current
in ammeter & brightness of bulb. The
current & brightness both will increase
7)Again insert the iron rod in the core of coil
& note the current & brightness. The
current & brightness both decreases.
8)Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different
frequency of a.c. source.
OBSERVATIONS
RESULT
The current in the circuit decrease on
inserting the iron rod in the core of coil at
constant frequency of applied voltage &
brightness of bulb decreases & vice-versa.
The current in the circuit increases on
decreasing the frequency of applied
voltage & vice-versa. Therefore, the
brightness of bulb increases.
PRECAUTIONS
1. The coil should have large number of turns
2. Current should be passed for a small time
to avoid the heating effect.
SOURCES OF ERRORS
1. The resistance of circuit may increase
slightly due to heating effect of current.
2. There may be eddy current in soft iron coil
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. [Link]
2. [Link]
3. [Link]
4. NCERT Physics Textbook Class XII
