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Gas Laws for Science Students

Boyle's law states that for a gas at constant temperature, the pressure and volume are inversely proportional. Charles's law states that for a gas at constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature in Kelvin. Gay-Lussac's law states that for a gas at constant volume, the pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. Together these gas laws describe the behavior of ideal gases and can be used to calculate pressure, volume, temperature or amount of gas given three of the four variables.

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330 views4 pages

Gas Laws for Science Students

Boyle's law states that for a gas at constant temperature, the pressure and volume are inversely proportional. Charles's law states that for a gas at constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature in Kelvin. Gay-Lussac's law states that for a gas at constant volume, the pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. Together these gas laws describe the behavior of ideal gases and can be used to calculate pressure, volume, temperature or amount of gas given three of the four variables.

Uploaded by

m.umerfaizan1895
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

State of Matter

Gas Laws:
Boyle’s and Charles’s Law

Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume


Boyle’s law states that the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature are
inversely proportional (inverse relationship). PV = k, where k is a constant value.
Inverse Relationship:
• As pressure increases, volume decreases
• As pressure decreases, volume increases
We can use Boyle’s Law to compare:
• Volume (at 2 pressures)
• Pressure (at 2 volumes)
In mathematical terms, this law is expressed as follows (temperature and mass are
held constant):
P1V1 = P2V2

Charle’s Law: Temperature and Volume


Charle’s law states for a given amount of gas at constant pressure, the volume is
directly proportional to the temperature (in Kelvin).

= k, where k is a constant.
Direct Relationship
• Temperature increases, volume increases
• Temperature decreases, volume decreases
We can use Charle’s Law to compare:
• Temperature (at 2 volumes)
• Volume (at 2 temperatures)
Note:- (PRESSURE AND MASS ARE HELD CONSTANT):
K = 0 + 273
C
Gay-Lussac's law
Gay-Lussac's law, Amontons' law or the pressure law was found by Joseph Louis
Gay-Lussac in 1808. It states that, for a given mass and constant volume of an
ideal gas, the pressure exerted on the sides of its container is directly proportional
to its absolute temperature.

Avogadro's law
Avogadro's law states that at a constant temperature and pressure, the volume
occupied by an ideal gas is directly proportional to the number of molecules of the
gas present in the container. N is number of gas molecules or number of moles of
gas.
Combined and ideal gas laws
The Combined gas law or General Gas Equation is obtained by combining Boyle's
Law, Charles's law, and Gay-Lussac's Law. It shows the relationship between the
pressure, volume, and temperature for a fixed mass (quantity) of gas.

This law has the following important consequences:

 If temperature and pressure are kept constant, then the volume of the gas is
directly proportional to the number of molecules of gas.

 If the temperature and volume remain constant, then the pressure of the gas
changes is directly proportional to the number of molecules of gas present.

 If the number of gas molecules and the temperature remain constant, then the
pressure is inversely proportional to the volume.

 If the temperature changes and the number of gas molecules are kept constant,
then either pressure or volume (or both) will change in direct proportion to the
temperature.

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