SHS
GRADE
11
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING .NET 1
QUARTER 1- MODULE 5
USE RELEVANT TECHNOLOGIES
Name: _______________________________________________________________________
Grade Level & Section: __________________________________________________________
Subject Teacher: _______________________________________________________________
OBJECTIVES:
After this lesson, you will be able to answer the following questions:
What is Information Technology?
What is the History of Information Technology?
What is Algorithm and Flow chart?
What are Flowchart Symbols?
ROUSING ACTIVITY
INQUIRY QUESTIONS:
Directions: Read the given questions below and answer each item by expressing your own
ideas in 2 – 3 sentences per item.
1. How would you define information technology in your own words?
2. How does Computer or Smartphones help in your daily living?
1. _________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________.
2. _________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________.
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PRE-TEST
Direction: Multiple choices. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. It is the use of computers and software to manage information
a. Information c. Information Technology
b. Information Computer d. Technology
2. The earliest age of technology. It can be defined as the time between 3000 B.C. and 1450 A.D.
a. pre-Mechanical c. Electronic
b. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
3. In this age is when we first start to see connections between our current technology and its
ancestors. The mechanical age can be defined as the time between 1450 and 1840.
a. pre-Mechanical c. electronic
b. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
4. In this era machines used electronic switches, in the form of vacuum tubes, instead of the
electromechanical relays
a. pre-Mechanical c. electronic
b. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
5. In this age heralded the beginnings of telecommunications as we know it today.
a. pre-Mechanical c. electronic
b. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
LESSON PROPER
Information Technology
We use the term information technology or IT to refer to an entire
industry. Information technology is the use of computers and
software to manage information. In some companies, this is
referred to as Management Information Services (or MIS) or simply
as Information Services (or IS).
The information technology department of a large company would
be responsible for storing information, protecting information,
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processing the information, transmitting the information as necessary, and later retrieving
information, as necessary.
History of Information Technology
In relative terms, it was not long ago that the Information Technology department might have
consisted of a single Computer Operator, who might be storing data on magnetic tape, and then
putting it in a box down in the basement somewhere.
Information technology has been around for a long, long time. Basically, if people have been
around! Humans have always been quick to adapt technologies for better and faster
communication. There are 4 main ages that divide up the history of information technology but
only the latest age (electronic) and some of the electromechanical age really affects us today.
Pre-Mechanical
The earliest age of technology. It can be
defined as the time between 3000 B.C. and
1450 A.D. When humans first started
communicating, they would try to use
language to make simple pictures or
petroglyphs to tell a story, map their terrain,
or keep accounts such as how many
animals one owned, etc.
This trend continued with the advent of formal language and better media such as rags, papyrus,
and eventually paper. The first ever calculator – the abacus was invented in this period after the
development of numbering systems.
Mechanical
The mechanical age is when we first start to see
connections between our current technology and its
ancestors. The mechanical age can be defined as the time
between 1450 and 1840.
A lot of new technologies were developed in this era due to
an explosion of interest in computation and information.
Technologies like the slide ruler (an analog computer used
for multiplying and dividing) were invented in this period.
Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline, a very popular mechanical computer capable of adding,
subtracting, multiplying, and dividing two numbers. Initially called the arithmetic machine, it was
granted a royal privilege by King Louis XIV of France in 1649.
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Electro-Mechanical
The electromechanical age heralded the beginnings of
telecommunications as we know it today. This age can be
defined roughly as the time between 1840 and 1940.
Several revolutionary technologies were invented in this
period such as the Morse code, telephone, radio, etc. All of
these technologies were crucial steppingstones towards
modern information technology systems.
Electronic
These machines used electronic switches, in the form of
vacuum tubes, instead of the electromechanical relays
seen in the previous era. In principle the electronic
switches would be more reliable, since they would have
no moving parts that would wear out, but the technology
was still new at that time and the tubes were comparable
to relays in reliability. The major benefit of electronic
switches was that they could ‘open’ and ‘close’ thousands
of times faster than relays.
Algorithm and Flowchart
Algorithm
Writing a logical step-by-step method to solve the problem is called the algorithm. In other words,
an algorithm is a procedure for solving problems. In order to solve a mathematical or computer
problem
Flowchart
are graphical representation of steps. It was originated from computer science as a tool for
representing algorithms and programming logic but had extended to use in all other kinds of
processes.
Nowadays, flowcharts play an extremely important role in displaying information and assisting
reasoning. They help us visualize complex processes or make explicit the structure of problems
and tasks. A flowchart can also be used to define a process or project to be implemented.
Example
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Flowchart Symbols
Different flowchart shapes have different conventional meanings. The meanings of some of
the more common shapes are as follows:
Terminator
The terminator symbol represents the starting or ending point of the system.
Process
A box indicates some operation.
Document
This represents a printout, such as a document or a report.
Decision
A diamond represents a decision or branching point. Lines coming out from the
diamond indicates different possible situations, leading to different sub-processes.
Data
It represents information entering or leaving the system. An input might be an
order from a customer. An output can be a product to be delivered.
On-Page Reference
This symbol would contain a letter inside. It indicates that the flow continues on a
matching symbol containing the same letter somewhere else on the same page.
Off-Page Reference
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This symbol would contain a letter inside. It indicates that the flow continues on a matching symbol
containing the same letter somewhere else on a different page.
Delay or Bottleneck
Identifies a delay or a bottleneck.
Flow
Lines represent flow of the sequence and direction of a process.
Why Draw a Flowchart?
Using a flowchart has a variety of benefits:
It helps to clarify complex processes.
It identifies steps that do not add value to the internal or external customer, including
delays; needless storage and transportation; unnecessary work, duplication, and added
expense; breakdowns in communication.
It helps team members gain a shared understanding of the process and use this knowledge
to collect data, identify problems, focus discussions, and identify resources.
It serves as a basis for designing new processes.
Flowchart Example – Medical Service
This is a hospital flowchart example that shows how clinical cases shall be processed. This
flowchart uses decision shapes intensively in representing alternative flows.
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Flowchart Example – Simple Algorithms
Flowchart can also be used in visualizing an algorithm, regardless of its complexity. Here is an
example that shows how flowchart can be used in showing a simple summation process.
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ACTIVITIES
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. A flowchart symbol that indicates some operation.
a. Terminator b. Process
c. Document d. Decision
2. A flowchart symbol that represents the starting or ending point of the system.
a. Terminator b. Process
c. Document d. Decision
3. A flowchart symbol that represents a decision or branching point.
a. Terminator b. Process
c. Document d. Decision
4. A flowchart symbol that represents a printout, such as a document or a report.
a. Terminator b. Process
c. Document d. Decision
5. A flowchart symbol that Identifies a delay.
a. Data b. On-Page Reference
c. Off-Page Reference d. Delay or Bottleneck
6. A flowchart symbol that indicates that the flow continues on a matching symbol containing the
same letter somewhere else on a different page.
a. Data b. On-Page Reference
c. Off-Page Reference d. Delay or Bottleneck
7. A flowchart symbol that indicates that the flow continues on a matching symbol containing the
same letter somewhere else on the same page.
a. Data b. On-Page Reference
c. Off-Page Reference d. Delay or Bottleneck
8. A flowchart symbol that represents information entering or leaving the system.
a. Data b. On-Page Reference
c. Off-Page Reference d. Delay or Bottleneck
9. A flowchart symbol that represents the flow of the sequence and direction of a process.
a. Data b. On-Page Reference
c. Off-Page Reference d. Flow
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10. In this age heralded the beginnings of telecommunications as we know it today.
a. pre-Mechanical b. Electronic
c. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
11. In this age is when we first start to see connections between our current technology and its
ancestors. The mechanical age can be defined as the time between 1450 and 1840.
a. pre-Mechanical b. Electronic
c. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
12. In this era machines used electronic switches, in the form of vacuum tubes, instead of the
electromechanical relays.
a. pre-Mechanical b. Electronic
c. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
13. The earliest age of technology defined in the time between 3000 B.C. and 1450 A.D.
a. pre-Mechanical b. Electronic
c. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
14. Several revolutionary technologies were invented in this period such as the Morse code,
telephone, radio, etc.
a. pre-Mechanical b. Electronic
c. Mechanical d. Electro-Mechanical
15. It is the use of computers and software to manage information.
a. Computer software b. Information Technology
c. Technology d. Computer Hardware
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ASSESSMENT
Directions: Draw your own flow chart based on an activity that you have completed. It could be a
home chore, physical exercise, or a game that you have finished.
REFERENCES:
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Innovative Training Works, Inc. (2016) Computer Programming Vol. 1, Rex Bookstore Inc. Rex
Publishing Inc.
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