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Chemistry Made Easy
Memory Recap Tutorial - Enviromental pollution
my; i|yka m%ldYk ksjerÈ kï ^& ,l=K o jerÈ kï ^& ,l=K o fhdokak'
01' wï, jeis'
01' [Link],fha we;s >k wxY= iy Èh jQ jdhq lsysmhla jk N2, O2, CO2 , NOx , SOx , H2S wd§
j,g wu;rj fjk;a lsisÿ øjHhla [Link],Sh c,fha ke;'
02' [Link],Sh ldnka vfhdlaihsâ c,fha Èh jQ úg th c,h iu`. iïnkaO ù ÿ¾j,
wï,hla jk lfndksla wï,h idohss'
03' H2CO3(aq) H (aq) + HCO3 (aq) f,i lfndksla wï,h ÿn, f,i ú>gkh ù c,hg
+ -
H whk tla lrk neúka j¾Id c,fha pH w.h WodiSk c,fha pH [Link] jvd u`ola wvq h'
+
04' j¾Id c,h u`ola wdï,sl fjhs'
05' [Link],Sh ldnka vfhdlaihsâ c,fha Èh jQ úg j¾Id c,fha wju pH w.h jkafka 5.6
jeks [Link] .kS'
06' j¾Id c,fha u`ola wdï,sl;dj c,c Ôúkag" ñksidg fyda fjk;a lsisÿ c,h iïnkaO
l%shdj,shlg ydkslr fkdjk idudkH ;;a;ajhls'
07' úúO iajdNdúl yd ñksia l%shdldrlï fya;=fjka jvd;a wdï,sl jdhq [Link],hg tl;= fjhs'
08' NO2 khsg%ckays wdï,sl jdhquh Tlaihsâhls'
09' khsg%ckays WodiSk Tlaihsâhla jk NO [Link],h ;=< § ;jÿrgla TlaislrKh ù
khsg%ckays wdï,sl Tlaihsâhla jk NO2 njg m;a fõ'
10' i,a*¾ys wdï,sl jdhquh Tlaaihsâ jkafka i,a*¾ vfhdlaihsâ ( SO2 ) yd i,am¾ g%fhdlaihsâ
( SO3 ) hk jdhqh'
11' wl=Kq .eiSï u`.ska [Link],hg NO iajdNdúl tla fõ'
12' wl=Kq .eiSï ls%hdj,sfha § jd;fha we;s khsg%cka by< WIaK;aj ;;a;aj hgf;a [Link],Sh
Tlaiscka iu`. m%;sl%shd lr NO yd NO2 jdhq ksmojhs'
13' huy,a úodrKh iy mßirfha Ôj;a jk khsá%ydß nelaàßhd u`.ska o NO yd NO2 ksmofjhs'
14' ks¾jdhq ;;a;aj hgf;a § khsg%cka wvx.= ixfhda. laIqøÔù úfhdackhg ,la ùfuka ksmofjk
wefudakshd jdhqj [Link],fha § TlaislrKhg ,la ùfuka o khsg%ckays wdï,sl jdhquh
ixfhda. ksmofjhs'
15' ish ¨ iajNdúl l%shdj,s ;=<ska [Link],hg ,efnk wdï,sl jdhquh ixfhda.j, m%udKh
b;d l=vd h'
16' [Link],fha iajdNdúlj ksmojQ khsg%ckays wdï,sl jdhq ixhq;sh b;d l=vd [Link]
jk w;r j¾Id c,h wdï,sl ùug ie,lsh hq;= n,mEula ke;'
17' khsg%cka wvx.= jdhquh wdï,sl ixfhda. [Link],hg uqodyßk m%Odk ñksia l%shdldrlu
kï jdyk Odjkfha oS isÿ lrk bkaOk oykhhs'
18' idudkH ;;a;aj hgf;a § ksIAl%Sh jk [Link],Sh N2 jdhqj fï wêl WIaK;aj iy
mSvk ;;a;aj hgf;a § Tlaiscka iu`. m%;sl%shd lr m%Odk jYfhka khsá%la Tlaihsâ ksmojhs'
19' ñksia l%shdldrlï ksid we;s jk wdï,sl NOx jeis c,h wdï,sl ùug fya;= fõ'
20' huy,a úodrKfha § i,a*¾ vfhdlaihsâ iajdNdúlj fl<skau [Link],hg tl;= fjhs'
Chemistry - 2022 | A/L ohd,a fyar;a [[Link]. (Hon’s) / P.G.D.E. (Colombo)]
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21' ks¾jdhq ;;a;aj hgf;a § [Link] iy c,dYj, m;=f,a frdkauv wdYs%;j isÿ jk CIqø
Ôù l%shdldß;ajh fya;=fjka yhsv%cka i,a*hsâ jdhqj ksmofjhs'
22' yhsv%cka i,a*hsâ jdhqj [Link],fha § TlaislrKhg ,la ùfuka i,a*¾ vfhdlaihsâ
jdhqj ksmofjhs'
23' huy,a úodrKh yereKq fldg H2S [Link],fha § TlaislrKh ùu fya;=fjka ksmojk
SO2 [Link],fha úYd, m%foaYhlg me;sÍu ksid [Link],fha hï ksYaÑ; wjia:djl mj;akd
SO2 idkaøKh b;d wvq [Link]'
24' iajdNdúlj [Link],hg tla jk i,a*¾ vfhdlaihsâ fya;=fjka jeis c,h wdï,sl ùug
odhl;ajhla ke;s ;rï h'
25' huy,a úodrKh jQ miq ta wdY%s; m%foaYj,g iSud jQ wï, jeis we;s fõ'
26' fndrf;,a msßmyÿfjka ,efnk wvq jdIamYS,;djlska hq;a bkaOk j¾. jk ãi,a iy oeú
f;,aa wdÈfhys wmøjH f,i i,a*¾ wvx.= ixfhda. mj;shs'
27' i,a*¾ wvx.= ixfhda. oykfha § i,a*¾ vfhdlaihsâ njg m;a ù [Link],hg tl;= fjhs'
28' .,a w`.=re iu`. wmøjH f,i mj;akd uQ,øjHuh i,a*¾ iy i,a*¾ ixfhda. (FeS) .,a
w`.=re oykfha § TlaislrKh ù SO2 f,i [Link],hg tla fjhs'
29' .,a w`.=re n,[Link] wjg [Link],fha b;d wêl ixhq;shlska SO2 mj;s'
30' jdyk ÿu u`.ska msg jk NO [Link],fha § ;jÿrg;a TlaislrKh ù NO2 ksmojhs'
31' m%n, wï, uÕska c,hg tla jk H3O+ whk fya;=fjka c,fha pH w.h" CO2 Èh ùu
ksid ksmojk ldnksl wï,h uÕska wvq jQ pH [Link] jvd my< [Link] olajd .uka lrhs'
32' j¾Id c,hg m%n, wï, tl;= ùu ksid pH w.h 5.6 jvd my< [Link] lrd .uka lsÍu
jd;h wdï,SlrKh ùu ke; fyd;a wï, jeis we;s ùu f,i y`ÿkajkq ,efí'
33' c,c Ôùka c,fha pH [Link] úp,khg b;d ixfõÈ ksid c,fha pH w.h iq`Mfjka fyda wvq
ùu fï Ôùkag wys;lr fjhs'
34' c,fha pH w.h wvq ùu fya;=fjka uiqka iy wfkl=;a c,c Ôùkaf.a yeisÍï rgd fjkia ùu"
bkaøsh j¾Okh wvd< ùu" ì;a;r iy fkdfïrE i;=ka úkdY ùu wdÈh isÿ fjhs'
35' c,fha pH w.h wvq ùu ffcj úúO;ajhg ydks isÿ fõ'
36' jkdka;r m%foaYj,g È.ska È.g u wï, jeis m;s; ùu fya;=fjka Ydl m;%j, laf,dfrd*s,a
úkdY ùfuka ta Ydl l%ñlj ñhhEu isÿ fjhs'
37' jkd;a;rj, Ydl by< isg my<g l%ñlj ñh hEu wï, jeis ksid Ydl úkdY ùfï ,CIKhls'
38' wï, jeis ksid mi wdï,sl ùfuka mfia fkdÈhfjk mdxY= jHQyh iu`. ;Èka ne`§ mj;sk
úI iys; Al3+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Hg2+ jeks f,day whk iy fjk;a úI iys; whk j¾. wdï,sl;dj
ksid Èh ù c,hg tla fjhs'
39' c,fha Al , Cd , Cr , Hg jeks whk idkaøK by< hEfuka ta c,h c,c Ôùkag iy ñksia
3+ 2+ 3+ 2+
mßfNdackhg wys;lr fjhs'
40' Al , Fe iy nerf,day c,Sfha idkaøKh by< hEu c,c Ôùkag b;d wys;lr fõ'
3+ 3+
41' mfia mj;sk CIqø fmdaIl uq,øjH jk Fe3+, Zn2+, Cu2+ jeks f,day whk j¾Id c,fha by<
wdï,sl;dj yuqfõ fõ.fhka Èh ù mfika bj;a ù hEu fya;=fjka mi ksire fõ'
42' wêl wdï,sl;dj fya;=fjka mfia mj;akd le,aishï, [Link]ï yd we¨ñkshï wvx.=
mdIdK iy Lksc Èh ù c,hg jeämqr tl;= ùu ksid c,fha lÀk;ajh by< hhs'
43' wdï,sl;dj fya;=fjka f,day wdY%s; bÈlsÍïj, úLdokh fõ.j;a ù tajdfha hdka;%sl
Yla;sh ÿ¾j, lrk w;r wdhq ld,h o wvq lrhs'
Chemistry - 2022 | A/L ohd,a fyar;a [[Link]. (Hon’s) / P.G.D.E. (Colombo)]
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44' wdï,sl;dj fya;=fjka lsß.re`v jeks le,aishï ldnfkaÜ mdIdK fhdod f.k isÿ lr
we;s m%;sud iy fjk;a bÈlsÍï fõ.fhka úLdokhg ,la ù" tajdfha ishqï leghï bj;a
ù ft;sydisl jákdlu ySk fjhs'
45' nodu iy isfuka;sj, wvx.= ødjH;dj wvq ldnfkaÜ ixfhda. wï, jeis iy wdï,sl
jdhq fya;=fjka jvd;a ødjH i,af*ag iy khsfÜ%g ixfhda. njg m;a fjhs'
46' .,a w`.=re fyda ãi,a n,[Link] ;=< wvq i,a*¾ m%;sY;hla iys; .,a w`.=re iy ãi,a fhdod
.ekSu wï, jeis wju lsÍug fya;= fõ'
47' n,[Link] uÕska msg jk SO2 jeks wdï,sl jdhq bj;a lsÍug l%ufõo fhdod .ekSu wï,
jeis wju lsÍug fya;= fõ'
48' .,a w`.=re iy ãi,a fjkqjg mßir ys;ldñ bkaOk fyda úl,am n,Yla;s m%Nj jk iQ¾h
Yla;sh, iq<x Yla;sh" uqyqÿ r< Yla;sh" N+;dm Yla;sh iy kHIaál Yla;sh fhdod .ekSu
wï, jeis wju lsÍug fya;= fõ'
49' wï, jeisj,g CO2 odhl fkdfõ'
50' wï, jeis jeä jYfhka k.r n`o m%foaY j, we;s fõ'
Chemistry - 2022 | A/L ohd,a fyar;a [[Link]. (Hon’s) / P.G.D.E. (Colombo)]
