[Link] the letter that corresponds to the correct 6. Richard__ to a girl when I saw him.

preposition for the sentence that is given. a) talked b) was talking c) did talk

1. Beware ___the dog! 7. When he__ , will you tell him to meet me in the lobby?
a) for b) to c) of a) arrives b) is going to arrive c) will arrive
2. He is very interested ___old musical instruments.
a) of b) by c) in 8. Which picture___ when you came in?
3. You can depend___ him. a) were they looking at c) are they looking at
a) on b) by c) with b) have they looked at
4. I don't agree ___ you.
a) to b) with c) at 9. Teachers are lucky because they__ work in the summer.
5. She is very good___ explaining things. a) haven't to b) mustn't c) don't have to
a) in b) on c) at
10. There isn't __ at home.
B. Choose the correct alternative. a) no one b) anyone c) any people
1. He is __honest man.
a) a b) an c) any D. Vocabulary
Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct word(s).
2. Helen didn't want to go ______.
a) also b) neither c) either 1. The opposite of sharp is
a) bright b) old c) dull
3. He spends __ time on his homework.
a) much b) many c) often 2. Right away means
a) later b) immediately c) to the right
4. Do you like __ for breakfast?
a) tea b) the tea c) a tea 3. To pick out something is to
a) need it b) want it c) choose it
5. Didn't he tell you___?
a) where was the key c) the key was where 4. We often use the word hard as the opposite of
b) where the key was a) new b) easy c) fine

6. I would like to __ a request. 5. When you are cautious, you are

a) do b) tell c) make a) careful b) brave c) happy

7. We have been here __ three months. 6. Currently means

a) for b) during c) since a) recently b) occasionally c) at present
8. Henry is taller __George. 7. To attempt means
a) from b) as c) than a) to fail b) to try c) to be bad

9. George is coming to the party,___ 8. He visited her daily means

a) does he? b) won't he? c) isn't he? a) all day b) every day c) almost every day

10. I__ not come to this class yesterday. 9. Hence is used to mean
a) can b) could c) should a) however b) meanwhile c) therefore

C. Choose the correct alternative. 10. I'd rather study means that I
a) always study c) prefer to study
1. Did you walk by the sea yesterday? b) like to study
a. Yes, I walked. b) Yes, I did walk. c) Yes, I did.
2. _____ it yet?
a) Have you did b) Have you done
c) You have done

3. ___ pass me the salt, please? ----- Ok, here you are.
a. Will you b) Can you
c) You can
4. Gerald ___ the tickets.
a. already bought c) has bought already
b. had already buyed
5. What language___ ?
a) speak they b) do they speak c) does they speak

ANSWER KEY FOR ENGLISH EXAM NO. 1

A.
1. C
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. C
B.
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. C
9. C
10. B

C.
1. C
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. B
6. B
7. A
8. A
9. C
10. B

D.
1. C
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. C
10. C
I. VOCABULARY

Direction: Choose the word that means the same, or most nearly the same, as the underlined word or words and write
your answers on the spaces provided.

. . 1. Maria was too obstinate to admit she had been wrong.

a. stubborn c. frightened
b. selfish d. cautious
. . 2. I knew the teacher would discipline me for my actions.
a. reward c. reprove
b. congratulate d. punish
. . 3. Lea’s writing ability has been obscured by her other accomplishments.
a. revealed c. hidden
b. exposed d. popularized
. . 4. Before taking such test, one had better brush up on his or her vocabulary
a. outline c. translate
b. revise [Link]
. . 5. To everyone but the expert, the sculptor’s defects were invisible
a. unable to be heard c. unable to be understood
b. unable to be seen d. unable to be touched
. . 6. The boy groped for the light’s switch.
a. reached confidently c. searched blindly
b. stretched up d. listened attentively.
. 7. The client handed the lawyer his fee.
a. medicine c. money
b. bag d. instrument
. . 8. The driver tried to avert the accident by swerving the car to the right.
a. cause c. control
b. minimize d. prevent
. . 9. The warmth of the room made the audience doze.
a. yawn widely c. fall asleep
b. sweat profusely d. faint
. . 10. When they heard the news, they were overcome with grief.
a. sorrow c. terror
b. rage d. emotion

II. READING COMPREHENSION

Directions: Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. Encircle the best answer.

Almost unnoticed, scientists are reconstructing the world of plants. A new technique using colchicine, a poisonous
drug, has allowed scientists to remodel many kinds of flowers, fruits, vegetables, and trees, creating new varieties with
unexpected frequency. Even plants native to other countries are used to obtain the desired effects.

1. The title that best fits this passage is

a. Concern for Plant Life c. Dangers in Plant Drugs
b. Reconstructing Plant Life d. Renewing the Earth
2. One can conclude from this passage that
a. the remodelling of plants is the controversial activity
b. the creation of new varieties of plants rarely happens
c. the new strains of plants that are produced are often better in some way

III. AGREEMENT Directions:

Encircle the correct answer.

Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Abdul, my cousin’s only son is a student of Mindanao State University. In this school, he is taking a course that may
someday bring 1. (a. he b. him c. his d. them) to other places of the globe. Motivated by 2. (a. its b. him [Link] d.
his) father, a local farmer, he is determined to prove to 3. (a. himself b. his self c. itself d. themselves) that in a span
of four years, he can be called a successful young professional.
One schoolmate close to Abdul is petite, brainy, and brown-complexioned lady named Kristina Camilla. Drawn to
Abdul’s company through 4. (a. theirs b. his c. their d. her) interactive school activities, the young lady has
developed closeness with 5. (a. them b. her c. his d. him).
KC, the name fondly calls her takes pride in relating with his future plans in life. The truth is, it’s not 6.( a. she
[Link] c. he d. his) who finds Abdul as a nice person to be with, but also others who have been mingling with him. KC
 as well as the other people close to Abdul knows every well that 7. (a. they b. he [Link] d. it) has to be real or genuine
to be able to enjoy 8. (a. his b. her c. their d. its) relationship with 9. (a. him b. her c. it d. them)
What is friendship? I often ask 10. ([Link] b. them c. these d. this) question to people. For me, friendship is this
loving and respectful relationship between one and another.
(Source: Final departmental Exam of the Department of English, CSSH, MSU-main)

Subject-Verb Agreement

Television shows 1. (a. is b. are. c. have) expensive to produce. The production costs show meticulously 2.
([Link] b. is c. have) extremely high due to many production variables. The television equipment alone 3. (a. are
[Link] [Link]) very expensive and must be maintained expensively for optimum life service. The sets for the complete
high-tech stage 4. (a. command b. commands c. have commanded) high budgets. The performers 5. (a. are b. have
[Link]) paid very large salaries for their talents and mass appeals. A very large budget 6. (a. are b. have c. is) also set aside
for directors, cameramen, musicians, planners, writers, editors, coordinators, agents, talents, scouts, designers, and other
technical people who 7. (a. is b. are c. have) customarily behind the curtain. The stations still 8. (a. pay b. pays [Link]
paid) large amounts of money for promotion and rights to broadcast. All these high costs 9. (a. have required [Link]
c. requires) the stations to gather as much capital for every single show that they 10. (a. have dreamed [Link] c.
dream) would be popular enough to gain the most income in the endeavour.

(Source: Agalabia, U.F. [Link]. (2004). College freshman English. Espana, Manila: UST Publishing House.)

IV. CORRECT USAGE

Direction: You are given two choices (a,b) for each sentence. Choose the word that correctly completes the following
sentences. Write your answer on the spaces provided.

1. Rotation refers to the turning of the earth (a. and b. in addition to) revolution to the movement of the earth around

the sun.

2. There are several means (a. for b. to) determine latitude and longitude.

3. (a. Likely b. Like) the tiger, the lion is a member of the cat family.

4. Botanists are not sure where the first plant was grown or even what plant (a. was b. it was).

5. The moon is not a planet (a. which b. although it) resembles the planets in many ways.

6. If the star seems to be moving in a wavy line (a. that we suspect b. we suspect it) of being a double star.

7. Determining the mineral content of soil samples is an exacting process (a. for example b. therefore), experts must

perform detailed tests to analyse soil specimens.

8. One of the most obvious characteristics of the moon is the way in which it continuously changes (a. it is appearing

b. its appearance).

9. Natural resources provide the raw material (a. are needed b. needed) to produce finished product.

10. (a. Alike b. Like) Australia, Canada conducts a complete census of its population every ten years.

ANSWER KEY FOR ENGLISH EXAM #2

I. VOCABULARY
 1. A

2. D

3. C

4. D

5. B

6. C

7. C

8. D

9. C

10. A

II. READING COMPREHENSION

1. B

2. A

III. AGREEMENT

Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement

1. B

2. D

3. A

4. D

5. D

6. B

7. B

8. A

9. D

10. D

Subject-Verb Agreement

1. B

2. C

3. C

4. A

5. A

6. C

7. B

8. A

9. B

10. C

IV. CORRECT USAGE

1. A
 2. B

3. B

4. B

5. B

6. B

7. B

8. B

9. B

10. B

Answers to Identifying Errors

1.D 11.B 21.A
2.A 12.C 22.D
3.E 13.B 23.B
4.B 14.A 24.C
5.D 15.D 25.C
6.B 16.C 26.D
7.B 17.D 27.D
8.C 18.D 28.C
9.E 19.D 29.E
10.B 20.B 30.D

Identifying Errors (30 questions for 30 minutes)

 Direction: Parts of the following sentences are underlined. These parts may be correct or incorrect. If a
sentence has an incorrect part, encircle the letter that corresponds to the incorrect part. If there are no errors,
encircle the letter E. Don’t cheat.
[Link] anyone believes in the organization, then they should join. No error
A B C D E
2. Natural gas often occur together with petroleum in the minute pores of rocks such as sandstone and
A B C D
limestone. No error
E
3. The child felt very bad when his teacher criticized him before the entire class. No error
A B C D E
4. No one except he knew of the ice cream parlor around the corner. No error
B C D E
5. The audible range of frequencies for human beings usually lies among 20 and 20 000 Hz. No error
A B C D E
6. The florist asked three of us, Jalem, Hamid and I, to carry the plants down to the loading dock. No error
A B C D E
7. De La Salle University, along with several other private universities, are going to sponsor the conference.
A B C D
No error
E
8. Encyclopedia book is interesting, informative and it is easy to read. No error
A B C D E
9. He will give the message to whoever opens the door. No error
A B C D E
10. There is no surgeons in the hospital. No error
BC D E
11. If biennials were planted this year, they will be likely to bloom next year. No error
A B C D E
12. The constant rise of prices and wages bring about inflation. No error
A B C D E
13. “Sorry I cannot written to you for such a long time.” No error
A B C D E
14. Brain waves patterns vary among different people and in different activities. No error
A B C D E
15. Having studied your report carefully, I am convinced that neither of your solutions are correct. No error
A B C D E
16. Amina borrowed a dress from Saliha, who she adores. No error
A B C D E

17. Snails produce a colorless, sticky discharge that forms a protective carpet under them as their travel along.
A B C D
No error
E
18. Everybody was up early on Monday because our local store was having it’s annual sale. No error
A B C D E
19. Shahid’s thumb is as wide as Junaid. No error
AB C D E

20. If I have to make a choice between Ader, Javer and him, I think I’ll select Ader because of his self-control
A B C
during moments of stress. No error
D E
 21. If I was you, I should be carefully of who my friends are. No error
A B C D E
22. Jordan is one of the few athletes who does not eat beef. No error
A B C D E
23. Diligence and honesty as well as being intelligent are qualities which I look for when I evaluate students.
A B C D
No error
E
24. Although his story had aspects of truth about it, I couldn’t hardly believe what he said. No error
A B C D E
25. During the test, I wondered if their was any answer to the problem. No error
A B C D E
26. Badawie claims that, in his opinion, neither the boys nor I are to blame. No error
A B C D E
27. The soprano alleged that the dampness in the concert hall caused her to sing terrible. No error
A B C D E
28. That pile of papers is to be file in the cabinet. No error
A B C D E
[Link], who I never thought was even in the running, not only won handily but also broke a record. No error
A B C D E
30. The newspaper reported that the cost of gasoline is raising again. No error
A B C D E

V. VOCABULARY

A. Directions: Encircle the letter of the word that means the same, or most nearly the same as the
underlined word or words. b. loathed
c. dreaded
1. The proposed electoral amendment has notyet
been ratified. 8. An objective report by a committee would be
a. debunked a. prejudice
b. skimmed b. personal
c. approved c. fair

2. The rivalry between the two softdrink 9. To preserve our liberties means to . .
companies was obvious. a. competition our liberties.
b. compromise a. safeguard
c. cooperation b. enjoy
3. It is ridiculous to become irritated about such c. change
an insignificant matter. a. sinful
b. absurd 10. To resist tyranny
c. tragic a. fight against
b. suffer
4. The indecisive person was readily c. worship
persuaded to change his mind again. a. easily
b. subtly 11. Identical twins are frequently inseparable.
c. hardly a. not able to be distinguished
5. The candidate’s victory at the polls was b. not able to be parted
overwhelming. a. treachery c. not able to be believed
b. triumph
c. defeat 12. The gunfire was sporadic.
a. intermittent
6. Punctuality is imperative in every job. b. frequent
a. being efficient c. continuous
b. being courteous
c. being on time 13. The Chairman’s greatest asset was his
reputation for honesty. a. advantage
7. He is infamous for his dishonesty in business b. liability
matters. a. notorious c. pride
14. She meddles in the affairs of others. b. one-sided
a. participates c. productive
b. interferes
c. dabbles
21. The former President exchanged
15. Zenon’s apparel showed him to be a successful reminiscences with his former allies.
man. a. clothing a. comments
b. confidence b. gifts
c. manner c. recollections

16. She was in a candid mood, her words sharp 22. The director produced, at the movie’s climaxjust
and merciless. a. bitter about the most gruesome scene ever shown on
b. cruel film. a. colourful
B. Getting Meaning Through Context b. horrifying
c. frank c. inferior

17. She grants the mall the prerogatives of 23. Our guest belongs to the most affluent family in
royalty. our region.
a. customs a. amazing
b. privileges b. wealthy
c. duties c. influential

18. Only twenty people attended the conclave.

a. briefing
b. concert
c. meeting 24. The doctors performed demonstrations ofthe
latest techniques for operating with miniature
19. My uncle estranged himself from his own party instruments deep inside the car. a. expensive
by joining party leaders. a. injured b. sharp
b. separated c. small
c. upset 25. Business had been liquidating inventories at
the arte of five billion dollars a year.
20. These tactics did not seem preposterous to a. comparing
her. b. converting into cash
a. absurd c. evaluating
Directions: Encircle the letter of the word or expression that comes closest in the meaning to
each of the underlined words in the following.

1. to ascertain the facts

a. cover up
b. review
c. find out
2. a king known for his avarice
a. wisdom
b. vanity
c. deceitfulness
3. a biennial event
a. twice yearly
b. every 2 weeks
c. every 2 years
4. a blithe mood
a. bitter
b. carefree
c. proud
5. an offer to capitulate
a. confer
b. mediate
c. compromise
d. surrender
6. a suspicion of collusion
a. robbery
b. foolishness
c. agreement to deceive
7. to act under duress
a. compulsion
 b. misunderstanding
c. difficulties
8. a great man’s foible
a. weakness
b. habit
c. example

9. an interminable show
a. worthless
b. endless
c. tedious
10. to intimidate a witness
a. to make happy
b. to make fearful
c. bribe
11. to nurture a child
a. neglect
b. give medicine
c. feed and bring up
12. a sign of opulence
a. poverty
b. health
c. wealth
13. a prosaic sight
a. common place
b. solemn
c. stirring
14. a prudent action
a. unexpected
b. ill-mannered
c. sensible
15. a volatile temperament
a. changeable
b. disagreeable
c. sluggish

ANSWER KEY FOR ENGLISH EXAM NO. 4

A. VOCABULARY
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. B
6. C
 7. A
8. C
9. A
10. A
11. B
12. A
13. A
14. B
15. A
16. C
17. B
18. C
19. B
20. A
21. C
22. B
23. B
24. C
25B. GETTING MEANING THROUGH
CONTEXT................................................................................................................................................
1................................................................................................................................................................
2................................................................................................................................................................
3................................................................................................................................................................

4. B
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. A
9. B
10. B
11. C
12. C
13. A
14. C
15. A

ENGLISH
Exam # 5
READING COMPREHENSION TEST
DIRECTION: Read carefully each of the following passages. Then answer the questions asked and/or complete the statements given under
each by choosing one of the five possible answers. Blacken the circle that corresponds to the letter of your answer after the appropriate
item number on your answer sheet.

READING PASSAGE NO.1

Researchers suggest that there are creatures that do not know what light means at the bottom of the sea. They don't have
either eyes or ears; they can only feel. There is no day or night for them. There are no winters, no summers, no sun, no moon, and no stars.
It is as if a child spent its life in darkness in bed, with nothing to see or hear. How different our own life is! Sight shows us the ground
beneath our feet and the heavens above us - the sun, moon, and stars, shooting stars, lightning, and the sunset. It shows us day and night.
We are able to hear voices, the sound of the sea, and music. We feel, we taste, and we smell. How fortunate we are!
1. Judging from the passage, we can say that this story is mainly about ............ .
a) life of sea creatures at the bottom of the sea
b) how changes in the seasons are perceived by the deep-sea creatures
c) how wonderful our lives were and will be
d) the differences among creatures of the earth and those of the sea
e) the superiority of human beings over some creatures in terms of senses
2. We discover that the sea creatures in the story ................ .
a) have the same senses that we do d) live in darkness because no light reaches to the
b) have no sense of hearing as well as sight bottom
c) hear the sounds of the ocean e) do not hear the sound of sea as they are
accustomed to it
3. In the passage a child in darkness is likened to ................ .

a) someone who lives where there are no seasons d) a deaf child unaffected by the environment
b) an animal without the sense of touch e) a perfect sleeper, for there is no sound around to hear
c) a sea creature with no seeing or hearing ability
READING PASSAGE NO. 2
Official records state that the Pueblo Indians lived in New Mexico and Arizona . The word "Pueblo" comes from the Spanish
word "pueblo," meaning town or village. The Spaniards found these Indians living in apartment houses, some of them on the side of a cliff
in order that they could be reached only by ladders. Whenever they were attacked by Apaches, the Pueblos would pull up the ladders.
They grew corn, which they watered with water flowing down in ditches. They wove cloth, made wonderful baskets, and created jars and
pots out of clay proving how skillful they were at hand-craft.

4. From the passage we understand that the Pueblo Indians were afraid of ............. .

a) Cliff Dwelling d) Water Flowing Down In Ditches

b) Apache Indianse) Solitary Life c) Apartment Houses

5. Why the Spaniards called these Indians "Pueblos" is because they ................ .
a) were close to the Apaches d) pulled up their ladders when attacked
b) lived together in a town or village e) achieved fame thanks to their hand-craft c) farmed and brought down water in
ditches

6. The Pueblo Indians lived on the side of a cliff ................ .

a) although they had apartment houses d) and, the didn't have a lake, a stream, or a
b) to observe the stars in the sky for rain season pond
c) so that they could provide themselves with shelters e) as long as they were all together

READING PASSAGE NO. 3

It was a man who lived before the time of Christopher Columbus that was the world's first great traveler. His name was Marco
Polo. With his father and his uncle, he traveled from Italy to China, crossing mountains and deserts to get there. In China a king called
Kublai Khan was pleased to see the Polos and had them live near to him. They stayed for twenty-three years. Kublai Khan sent Marco to
other countries to do business for him. When Marco finally returned to Italy, he wrote all about his adventures in a book, which was read
by Columbus and many other people, who also became interested in traveling to strange countries.

7. This story is mainly about ............. .

a) the world's first great traveler d) Marco Polo and Kublai Khan
b) traveling from Italy to China e) in what ways Columbus affected Polo c) why Polo went to the far east

8. The reason that Marco Polo is called great is not that ................ .
a) he traveled very far to reach China for a new world c) he was so well liked by the king of China
b) he wrote about his adventures in a book, which many d) he crossed mountains and deserts to reach China
people read e) he achieved fame thanks to his good reasoning
9. We know from the story that after he turned back, ................ .
a) Marco brought out a book inspiring new voyages
b) Marco stayed in Italy for twenty-three years
c) Kublai Khan knew that Marco had crossed mountains and deserts
d) Kublai Khan sent Columbus to other countries for business
e) Marco set out for a new adventure

READING PASSAGE NO. 4

Have you ever wondered whether fishes drink or not? All living things must drink, and they require a fresh supply of water
often. A person can go without food for many days, but he or she cannot go for long without water. Fishes drink, and fishes that live in salt
water must drink salt water. However, when we watch them in an aquarium and see them opening and closing their mouths, we must not
assume that they are drinking. Fishes need water for its oxygen. The water that they seem to be gulping gives them oxygen, which is in the
water. On the other hand, when a fish drinks, it swallows water, just in the way we do.

10. It is stated in the passage that a fish opens and closes its mouth .............. .
A. in order to get oxygen C. to drink to stay alive E. so that it can suffice salt
B. so as to gulp D. to swim in an aquarium.
11. We are informed by the passage that a person ................... .
A. can live for a long time without water B. can live for a long time without food
C. has no need for food and water E. does need water to get oxygen
D. has no need for a fresh supply of water

12. When a fish drinks water, ............................ .

A. it requires fresh water D. it drinks water for its oxygen
B. it swallows water just like us E. it stays motionless for a while to
C. it requires salt water swallow
READING PASSAGE NO. 5
The poetic expressiveness and creativity of Japanese women poets of the Manyoshu era is generally regarded as a
manifestation of the freedom and relatively high political and economic status women of that era enjoyed. During the Heian period (A.D.
794-1185) which followed, Japanese women became increasingly relegated to domestic roles under the influence of Buddhism and
Confucianism, which excluded women from the political and economic arenas. Yet, since poetry of the period came to be defined solely as
short lyrical poetry, known as waka, and became the prevailing means of expressing love, women continued to excel in and play a central
role in the development of classical Japanese poetry. Moreover, while official Japanese documents were written in Chinese, the phoenetic
alphabet kana was used for poetry. Also referred to as onna moji ("women's letters"), kana was not deemed sufficiently sophisticated for
use by Japanese men, who continued to write Chinese poetry, increasingly for expressing religious ideas and as an intellectual pastime.
Chinese poetry ultimately yielded, then, to waka as the mainstream of Japanese poetry.
13. Based on the passage, mainstream Japanese poetry of the Heian period can best be described as ............ .
A. philosophical in its concern D. sentimental in nature and lyrical in style
B. more refined than the poetry of the Manyoshu eraE. written primarily for a female audience
C. an outgowth of Buddhism and Confucianism

14. Which of the following statements about kana finds the LEAST support in the passage?
A. It was based on the sound of the Japanese language D. It was used in Japan after A.D. 793
B. It was used primarily by Japanese women E. It was considered inappropriate for austere subject matter
C. It was used for Japanese poetry but not for Japanese prose
15. The author's primary purpose in the passage is to ............................ .
A. refute a common explanation for the role of women in the development of Japanese poetry
B. identify the reasons for the popularity of a distinct form of literary expression in Japan
C. distinguish between the Japanese poetry of one historical period with that of another
D. trace the influence of religion on the development of Japanese poetry
E. provide an explanation for the role of women in the development of Japanese poetry

READING PASSAGE No. 6

Erosion is regarded not merely as the physical removal of soil by water and wind, but rather as the deterioration of all the
component parts of the habitat in which man and his crops and livestock have to exist. Since there is no conclusive evidence for any major
climatic change in historic times to explain this deterioration, we must conclude that the eroding of the total environment has been due
primarily to thoughtless destruction of the vegetative cover. This has led to deterioration of the microclimate above and below the surface,
generally in the direction of a general drying out of the soil which has exposed it to erosive action of wind and rainfall of high intensity or
frequency, and to the loss of organic matter in the soil, thus reducing its capacity to resist erosion by conserving the water that falls on the
surface. If everything possible is done within the total environment to conserve the naturally planted or cultivated vegetation, this will also
ensure optimal conservation of soil and water.

16. It is argued in the passage that the impoverishment of the world's habitat .......... .
A) is first and foremost due to man's irresponsible abuse of the vegetable cover of the earth
B) is largely due to gradual changes in climate over long years
C) became inevitable as soon as agricultural and animal husbandry developed
D) cannot be remedied
E) has been needlessly exaggerated
17. The definition of erosion given in this passage ............ .
A) is a strictly regional one D) assumes that the process is
B) disregards man's role in it inevitable E) is a broad one
C) concentrates on flooding
18. It is pointed out in the passage that the loss of organic matter in the soil ............ .
A) led to the destruction of the world's vegetative cover
B) is a direct result of insufficient rain
C) is an irreversible process
D) has made the soil more susceptible to erosion
e) came about through over planting which robbed the soil of nutrients

READING PASSAGE NO. 7

Genetics is the study of mechanisms of the hereditary process. Modern genetics began with the experiments of Gregor
Mendel in 1865. He studied the inheritance of different factors in peas, and found that some traits were "dominant" and some "recessive",
the "dominant" appearing in a ratio of very nearly three to one. Mendels results were ignored for many years until their discovery at the
beginning of the twentieth century .
19. According to the passage .......................... .
a) the results of Mendel's experiments were immediately put into practice
b) the purpose of Mendel's experiments was primarily agricultural
c) genetics is essentially concerned with heredity
d) modern genetics owes very little to Mendel's experiments
e) the mechanisms of heredity were known prior to Mendel

20. Clearly, in the field of genetics, ............................ .

a) certain traits have been given too much importance d) Mendel is the pioneer
b) the 20th century has contributed very little e) new dominant and recessive traits are constantly being
c) Mendel's experiments have received and used attention discovered

21. Mendel discovered that ......................... .

a) recessive traits exceeded the dominant ones

b) in peas, dominant traits appear in a ratio of three to one
c) in peas, nearly one-third of the traits were dominant
d) by 1865 the theory of heredity had been convincingly formulated
e) genetics was becoming a popular scienceREADING PASSAGE NO. 8

Any criminal justice system is an apparatus that society uses to enforce the standards of conduct necessary to protect individuals
and the community. It operates by apprehending, prosecuting , convicting, sentencing these members of the community who violate the
basic rules of group existence. The action taken against lawbreakers is designed to serve three purposes beyond the
immediately punitive one. It removes dangerous people from the community; it deters others from criminal behaviour and it gives society
an oppurtunity to attempt to transform lawbreakers into law-abiding citizens.

22. We understand from the passage that the basic aim of criminal justice is .............. .
a) the protection of society and its individuals d) the violation of the law
b) to define socially acceptable behaviour e) to renew, as necessary, the traditions and
c) to educate lawbreakers customs of society

23. According to the passage, prosecution is ...................... .

a) a process which follows conviction c) not to be considered a vital part of the criminal justice
b) concerned with the transformation of criminal justice system
d) actually the removal of lawbreakers from the
community
e) one of the stages in the operation of criminal justice24.
It is pointed out in the passage that one of the effects of the criminal justice system is to ............. .
a) give guidelines for group existence d) take immediate action against the community
b) discourage crime e) investigate the reasons behind criminal behavior c) prevent the enforcement of capital punishment

25. The action taken against lawbreakers is designed to serve how many purposes beyond the immediately punitive one?
a)one b) two c)three d)five e) seven

ANSWER KEY FOR ENGLISH EXAM NO. 5

1. E 25. C
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. E
9. A
10. A
11. B
12. B
13. D
14. C
15. E
16. A
17. E
18. D
19. C
20. D
21. B
22. A
23. E
24. B