1-2
1-2 Measuring
Measuringand
andConstructing
ConstructingSegments
Segments
Warm Up
Lesson Presentation
Lesson Quiz
Holt McDougal
Geometry Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Warm Up
Simplify.
1. 7 – (–3) 10
2. –1 – (–13) 12
3. |–7 – 1| 8
Solve each equation.
4. 2x + 3 = 9x – 11 5. 3x = 4x – 5
2 5
6. How many numbers are there between and ?
Infinitely many
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Objectives
Use length and midpoint of a segment.
Construct midpoints and congruent
segments.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Vocabulary
coordinate midpoint
distance bisect
length segment bisector
construction
between
congruent segments
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
A ruler can be used to measure the
distance between two points. A point
corresponds to one and only one number
on a ruler. The number is called a
coordinate. The following postulate
summarizes this concept.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
The distance between any two points is the
absolute value of the difference of the
coordinates. If the coordinates of points A
and B are a and b, then the distance between
A and B is |a – b| or |b – a|. The distance
between A and B is also called the length of
AB, or AB.
A B
AB = |a – b| or |b - a|
a b
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 1: Finding the Length of a Segment
Find each length.
A. BC B. AC
BC = |1 – 3| AC = |–2 – 3|
= |1 – 3| = |– 5|
=2 =5
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Check It Out! Example 1
Find each length.
a. XY b. XZ
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Congruent segments are segments that have
the same length. In the diagram, PQ = RS, so
you can write PQ RS. This is read as “segment
PQ is congruent to segment RS.” Tick marks are
used in a figure to show congruent segments.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
In order for you to say that a point B is between
two points A and C, all three points must lie on the
same line, and AB + BC = AC.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 3A: Using the Segment Addition Postulate
G is between F and H, FG = 6, and FH = 11.
Find GH.
FH = FG + GH Seg. Add. Postulate
11 = 6 + GH Substitute 6 for FG and 11 for FH.
– 6 –6 Subtract 6 from both sides.
5 = GH Simplify.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 3B: Using the Segment Addition Postulate
M is between N and O.
Find NO.
NM + MO = NO Seg. Add. Postulate
17 + (3x – 5) = 5x + 2 Substitute the given values
3x + 12 = 5x + 2 Simplify.
–2 –2 Subtract 2 from both sides.
3x + 10 = 5x Simplify.
–3x –3x Subtract 3x from both sides.
10 = 2x Divide both sides by 2.
2 2
5=x
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 3B Continued
M is between N and O.
Find NO.
NO = 5x + 2
= 5(5) + 2 Substitute 5 for x.
= 27 Simplify.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Check It Out! Example 3a
Y is between X and Z, XZ = 3, and XY = .
Find YZ.
XZ = XY + YZ Seg. Add. Postulate
Substitute the given values.
Subtract from both sides.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Check It Out! Example 3b
E is between D and F. Find DF.
DE + EF = DF Seg. Add. Postulate
(3x – 1) + 13 = 6x Substitute the given values
3x + 12 = 6x
– 3x – 3x Subtract 3x from both sides.
12 = 3x Simplify.
12 3x
= Divide both sides by 3.
3 3
4=x
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Check It Out! Example 3b Continued
E is between D and F. Find DF.
DF = 6x
= 6(4) Substitute 4 for x.
= 24 Simplify.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
The midpoint M of AB is the point that
bisects, or divides, the segment into two
congruent segments. If M is the midpoint of
AB, then AM = MB.
So if AB = 6, then AM = 3 and MB = 3.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 4: Recreation Application
The map shows the route for a race. You are at
X, 6000 ft from the first checkpoint C. The
second checkpoint D is located at the midpoint
between C and the end of the race Y. The total
race is 3 miles. How far apart are the 2
checkpoints?
XY = 3(5280 ft) Convert race distance to feet.
= 15,840 ft
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 4 Continued
XC + CY = XY Seg. Add. Post.
Substitute 6000 for XC and 15,840
6000 + CY = 15,840
for XY.
– 6000 – 6000 Subtract 6000 from both sides.
CY = 9840 Simplify.
D is the mdpt. of CY, so CD = CY.
= 4920 ft
The checkpoints are 4920 ft apart.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Check It Out! Example 4
You are 1182.5 m from
the first-aid station. What
is the distance to a drink
station located at the
midpoint between your
current location and the
first-aid station?
The distance XY is 1182.5 m. The midpoint
would be
.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 5: Using Midpoints to Find Lengths
D is the midpoint of EF, ED = 4x + 6, and
DF = 7x – 9. Find ED, DF, and EF.
E 4x + 6 D 7x – 9 F
Step 1 Solve for x.
ED = DF D is the mdpt. of EF.
4x + 6 = 7x – 9 Substitute 4x + 6 for ED and 7x – 9 for DF.
–4x –4x Subtract 4x from both sides.
6 = 3x – 9 Simplify.
+9 +9 Add 9 to both sides.
15 = 3x Simplify.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 5 Continued
D is the midpoint of EF, ED = 4x + 6, and
DF = 7x – 9. Find ED, DF, and EF.
E 4x + 6 D 7x – 9 F
15 3x Divide both sides by 3.
=
3 3
x=5 Simplify.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Example 5 Continued
D is the midpoint of EF, ED = 4x + 6, and
DF = 7x – 9. Find ED, DF, and EF.
E 4x + 6 D 7x – 9 F
Step 2 Find ED, DF, and EF.
ED = 4x + 6 DF = 7x – 9 EF = ED + DF
= 4(5) + 6 = 7(5) – 9 = 26 + 26
= 26 = 26 = 52
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Check It Out! Example 5
S is the midpoint of RT, RS = –2x, and
ST = –3x – 2. Find RS, ST, and RT.
R –2x S –3x – 2 T
Step 1 Solve for x.
RS = ST S is the mdpt. of RT.
–2x = –3x – 2 Substitute –2x for RS and –3x – 2 for ST.
+3x +3x Add 3x to both sides.
x = –2 Simplify.
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Check It Out! Example 5 Continued
S is the midpoint of RT, RS = –2x, and
ST = –3x – 2. Find RS, ST, and RT.
R –2x S –3x – 2 T
Step 2 Find RS, ST, and RT.
RS = –2x ST = –3x – 2 RT = RS + ST
= –2(–2) = –3(–2) – 2 =4+4
=4 =4 =8
Holt McDougal Geometry
1-2 Measuring and Constructing Segments
Lesson Quiz: Part I
1. M is between N and O. MO = 15, and MN = 7.6.
Find NO.
22.6
2. Tell whether the statement below is sometimes,
always, or never true. Support your answer with
a sketch.
If M is the midpoint of KL, then M, K, and L are
collinear. Always
K M L
Holt McDougal Geometry
