PUBLIC SPEAKING its strengths and weaknesses, and optimize it to

“ WHAT IS PUBLIC SPEAKING?” his/her advantage.

A form of communication wherein one delivers a
message or speech in front of an audience ELEMENTS OF PHYSICAL DELIVERY
FACIAL EXPRESSION
A skilled public speaker has the ability to get across o No matter how speakers project their voice or
his/her message effectively to an interested audience so dancers move their body, if they do not show
as the audience can arrive at a good decisions… thus appropriate facial expressions, they fail.
influence people’s outlook and character o Their facial expressions must be reflective of the
Styles and strategies play an important role to achieve message they wish to express to the audience.
the power to influence your audience to act and do EYE CONTACT
something o Effective eye contact will establish connection
with the audience.
ELEMENTS OF VOCAL DELIVERY o Looking directly at the audience will make them
PITCH-This refers to the highness and the lowness of the feel that they are significant part of the
tone of the voice. presentation.
o The speaker’s knowledge of when to raise or o The eyes must be directed not toward the ceiling
lower the tone of his/her voice is important nor the floor, but the audience.
o The pitch must be varied GESTURES -This refers to the movement of the body
VOLUME - This refers to the loudness or softness of the that expresses or emphasizes an idea, sentiment,
sound. or attitude.
oModulating is one thing while shouting is another. o Too much gestures might be an overkill; too little
The speaker must know which parts he/she should of them might make the presentation dull.
speak louder or softer. o Hence, it is imperative that speakers consider the
oLikewise, he/she should be sensitive enough to size of the audience, that is, whether or not their
notice whether or not his/her voice is audible, gestures must involve only the fingers or the wrist
particularly to those who may be seated at the or if they must be extended to the use of the
farthest end of, for instance, a hall. elbow or the shoulder.
RATE - This refers to the speed at which words are POSTURE
spoken. Good posture does not have to be very stiff like that of a
o The rate must be adapted to the type of police officer when coming to a position of attention nor
audience with which speaker communicates. does it have to be too relaxed that the speaker appears
o It is wise to maintain a moderate speed to lousy or even arrogant.
enable the listeners to follow the presentation o Standing straight and tall, with both feet flat and
and grasp the message more clearly. slightly apart, chin up, shoulders relaxed, coupled
o The rate can also change once in a while for with that charming smile can make up a good
emphasis. posture. Just do it naturally!
PAUSE - This refers to the temporary stop in the vocal MOVEMENT -Knowing when to move to and from must
delivery, which serves a good purpose. be clear to every speaker. Moving too much and
o It allows the listeners some time to process the aimlessly can be very distracting.
information while, at the same time, allowing o Effective movements must be purposeful, that is,
the speaker to recall something that he/she the speaker moves only when making or
might have forgotten about the presentation. emphasizing a point.
He/she must learn when to pause. o Especially in formal settings, movement must be
ANIMATION - This refers to the liveliness of the voice. limited such that it reinforces the message
o The speaker's ability to animate his/her voice instead of distracting its presentation. Observe
will definitely make the presentation dynamic. timing, and move smartly.
VOCAL CLARITY - This refers to proper pronunciation. APPEARANCE
The speaker must be able to utter the words properly While people are basically there to listen to what the
and clearly. speaker has to say, how he/she looks can make the
o He/she must likewise avoid disruptive speech audience interested and pay attention to his/her
sounds such as uh, well, um, and you know. presentation.
VOCAL QUALITY - This refers to the distinct oDress appropriately for both your audience and the
characteristic of one's voice. occasion.
o It can be thin, hoarse, hinky, rough, or airy, etc. ▻ Avoid flashy jewelry. ▻ A little makeup for women
o Since vocal quality can be improved and even and a clean haircut for men will definitely be appealing.
changed, it is important for the speaker to 18 ELEMENTS OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
explore the beauty of his/her own voice, knows Vocal Physical
✓ Pitch ✓ Facial Expression
✓ Volume ✓ Eye Contact conversational tone while delivering a prepared
✓ Rate ✓ Gestures script; (2) the speech is written in a style that
✓ Pause ✓ Posture sounds conversational
✓ Animation ✓ Movement o Advantage: This speech is the exact repetition
of original words
✓ Vocal Clarity ✓ Appearance
o Disadvantage: Typically an uninteresting way to
SPEECHES ACCORDING TO DELIVERY present, unless the speaker is rehearsed just
“Speech Delivery is one of the most important aspect in like in poetry interpretation, declamation, etc.
delivering a speech aside from the preparation of the
speech which entails research, organization, outlining, MEMORIZED SPEECH
and practicing. Delivery is a result of the combination of o It is the rote recitation of a written that the
two kinds of communication which is verbal and speaker has committed to memory.
nonverbal communication.” o Memorization can be useful when the message
needs to be exact and the speaker doesn’t want
IMPROMPTU SPEAKING to be confined by notes
o Is the presentation of a short message without o Advantage: Enables speaker to maintain eye
advance preparation. contact with the audience through the speech
o Impromptu speeches often occur when o Disadvantage: Forgetting the lines and might
someone is asked to "say a few words" or give a end up speaking in a monotone or a sing-song
toast on special occasion. that fails to emphasize the most important
o You have probably done impromptu speaking points
many times in informal, conversational settings.
Self-introductions in classes are examples of SPEECHES ACCORDING TO DELIVERY
impromptu speaking. ▰ IMPROMPTU SPEAKING
o The advantage of this speaking is that it's ▰ EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING
spontaneous and responsive in an animated ▰ MANUSCRIPT SPEAKING
group context. The disadvantage is that the ▰ MEMORIZED SPEECH
speaker is given a little or no time to
contemplate the central theme of his or her SPEECHES ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
message. As a result, the message may be “There are four basic types of speeches that are used:
disorganized and difficult for listeners to follow. to inform, to demonstrate, to persuade, and to
entertain. All of these are not mutually exclusive of one
EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING another. For example, you may try to inform your
o It is the presentation of a carefully planned and audience in an entertaining style, but you might also
inform the audience by persuading them to act on the
rehearsed speech, spoken in a conversational
information.
manner using brief notes. By using notes rather
than a full manuscript.
INFORMATIVE SPEECH
o This speech can establish and maintain eye
This speech serves to provide interesting and factual
contact with the audience and assess how well
information to the audience. To deliver this information,
they understand the message as it progresses.
the message must be delivered clearly to the audience.
o The opportunity to assess is also an opportunity
Example:
to restate more clearly any idea or concept that
• College professor lecturing on a specific topic
the audience seems to have trouble grasping.
during a class.
o Advantages: Promotes the likelihood that you,
• Guest speaker presenting information to a
as speaker, will be as knowledgeable and
group of students about how to apply for
credible; audience is likely to pay better
college.
attention to the message because it is engaging
• Company president presenting information
both verbally and nonverbally
about last quarter's sales to a group of board
o Disadvantage: It requires great deal of
members.
preparation for both verbal and nonverbal
components of the speech
INFORMATIVE SPEECH
Main elements in writing an informative speech:
MANUSCRIPT SPEAKING
1. Knowledge. Expertise and knowledge of the
o This speech is the word-for-word iteration of a
subject is shown when the information is
written message
adequately enough for your audience.
o The success o this medium depends on: (1) the
2. Key Points. Repeat all key points to ensure
speaker is already an accomplished public knowledge retention.
speaker who has learned to use a
 3. Interest. Convey your speech with confidence Over dramatize an anecdote.
and include unusual facts about the subject. ENTERTAINING SPEECH
Guidelines in Creating an Entertaining Speech
DEMONSTRATIVE SPEECH 1. Choose an appropriate topic. The topic
This speech is written to explain and show people a should not be too dense, complicated or heavy.
step-by-step instruction on how to do something. This Your audience came to have a good time, not to
involves various types of visual aids to ensure have
effectiveness of the instructions. a greater understanding of anything.
Example: 2. Enjoy yourself. It is hard for an audience to
How to write a speech enjoy your presentation if it looks like you are
How to bake a cake not having fun. Be confident and enjoy.
A step-by-step instruction on how to assemble a 3. Keep it simple. Your presentation should be
miniature house easy to follow. Do not make it hard for your
audience to keep up with you mentally.
DEMONSTRATIVE SPEECH 4. Make it visceral. Use vivid word pictures; this
Elements in writing a Demonstrative Speech: enables your audience to use their wild
1. Instructions. Provides clear and concise imagination so that your presentation will not
instructions to your audience. be dull and boring.
2. Task Breakdown. The task must be
understandable in a logical way, step-by-step. SPEECHES ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
3. Key Points. This must be emphasized ▰ INFORMATIVE SPEECH
including safety issues. ▰ DEMONSTRATIVE SPEECH
▰ PERSUASIVE SPEECH
PERSUASIVE SPEECH ▰ ENTERTAINING SPEECH
This speech is written to persuade or convince your
audience of the validity of your argument. This involves SPEECHES ACCORDING TO SPECIAL OCCASIONS
persuading someone to change their opinion or take “These speeches are given during a ceremony or a
into account some elements that have not really been ritual that observes formality or etiquette. Different
considered before. The speech is arranged in such a way types of ceremonies tend to be very special to some
to hopefully cause the audience to accept all or part of people, so it shouldn't be surprising that these are
the expressed view. It is usually the most difficult to opportunities for speech making.”
deliver.
Example: SPEECH OF INTRODUCTION
Be a blood donor A speech of introduction should be a complete speech
Become a volunteer and change the world and have a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.
oFor an introduction, think of a hook that will
PERSUASIVE SPEECH make your audience become interested in the
Elements in writing a Persuasive Speech: upcoming speaker.
1. Credibility. Establish your credibility by oThe body of your introduction should be about
demonstrating expertise, evidence, and the speaker's topic, why he is qualified and why the
knowledge of your subject. Present factual audience should listen.
information, statistics combined with your oThe final part is the conclusion; this is generally
personal experience to make your argument designed to welcome the speaker to the lectern.
even more believable.
2. Passion. Convey the subject with confidence, SPEECH OF PRESENTATION
passion and conviction to appeal to the This speech is given to accompany a prize or honor.
emotions of the audience. When creating a speech of presentation, it is important
to ask how long the speech will be.
ENTERTAINING SPEECH o Firstly, you should ask what the award or honor
This speech's sole purpose is to have your audience is and why the whole presentation is important.
enjoy the presentation. The purpose of this speech is to o Second, you can explain what the recipient of
make your audience laugh, relax, enjoy, and even laugh the award has accomplished in order for the
their heads off. Entertainment speech has the nature to award to be bestowed. Did he/she win a race?
transmit a feeling of pleasure as well as goodwill to the Did he/she write an important piece of
audience of listeners. The speaker should be gracious, literature? Whatever the recipient has done,
good natured as well as relaxed to his/ her audience. you need to clearly highlight his or her work.
How do you make a speech entertaining?
Tell jokes SPEECH OF DEDICATION
Tell funny stories
This speech is delivered when a new store opens, a INSPIRATIONAL SPEECH
building is named after someone, or a new library is An Inspirational speech is written to persuade, or
completed, and so on. These speeches are designed to convince the listeners, that they can succeed.
highlight the importance of the project and those whom o This might involve relating optimistic and
the project has been dedicated. uplifting stories, or anecdotes, based on faith or
real life situations taken from the lives or
TOAST ordinary or famous people from history, sports,
This speech is designed to congratulate, or appreciate. politics and the Business world.
o First, toasts can be delivered for the purpose of
congratulating someone for an honor, or getting GOODWILL SPEECH
married. Goodwill speeches are both informative and persuasive.
o You can also toast someone to show your o You seek to persuade your audience to be in
appreciation for what they've done. favor of you and who or what you represent.
o Lastly, we toast to people to remember what o Goodwill speeches highlight shared values,
they have accomplished in life. customs, beliefs, and morals.
o This speech is mostly done by pastors and
priests.
EULOGY
A eulogy is a speech given at a funeral or memorial Ngalan ni ma’am: MA. ANNE CASURRA-BONGLAY
service praising the deceased
o While a eulogy is not mandatory, it can be the
most important part of the service.
o Many attendees may not know the deceased
well, or may have only known the deceased for
a portion of his or her life.

SPEECH OF FAREWELL
This speech allows someone to say goodbye to a part of
his/her life as he/she will move on to the next chapter
that awaits him/her.
o This could be that you are graduating from
college and entering the work force or leaving
your current job.

SPEECH OF PROMOTION
o Speeches are a form of writing in which the
writer imparts an important, often galvanizing
message to an audience.
o Promotion Speeches also recognize others for
their contributions to your success, offer
guidance to other students, and look to the
future.

DRAMATIC SPEECH
It is a speech of some duration addressed by character
and usually performed on stage with characters on play
or role-playing a story.
TYPES OF DRAMATIC SPEECHES
Monologue - a long interrupted speech delivered by a
character to other characters on stage.
Soliloquy - a speech in where a character, alone on
stage, reveals private thoughts that audience is allowed
to overhear.
Aside - a brief remark a character makes to the
audience rather than to other characters.
Dialogue - the playwright's main tool for developing
characters and furthering the plot. It's more on
conversing with each other.