UNSC

UN Security Council

Israel- Palestinian Conflict and it's

Effects on theWorld.
 Introduction to the
committee
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the principal
organs of the United Nations (UN) responsible for maintaining
international peace and [Link] primary responsibility of the UNSC
is to address threats to international peace and security. It can take
various measures, including sanctions, arms embargoes, and the use of
force (authorized by the UNSC) to maintain or restore [Link] UNSC
plays a crucial role in mediating conflicts and overseeing peacekeeping
operations in regions affected by [Link] can impose economic and
diplomatic sanctions on countries or entities that pose a threat to
international [Link] UNSC adopts resolutions that are binding on all
UN member states. These resolutions can address a wide range of issues,
including conflicts, peacekeeping operations, humanitarian crises, and
[Link] UNSC often mandates and oversees peacekeeping missions in
conflict zones. These missions are carried out by UN peacekeepers from
various member [Link] United Nations Security Council is a critical
component of the global efforts to maintain international peace and
security, but its functioning and effectiveness can be influenced by
geopolitical dynamics and the use of veto power by its permanent
members.
 Impact of agenda
throughout History
The conflict has resulted in the displacement and suffering of countless
Palestinians and Israelis. It has led to the loss of lives, destruction of
infrastructure, and a constant humanitarian crisis, particularly in the Gaza
Strip and West [Link] conflict has contributed to regional instability. It
has been a source of tension and conflict between Israel and its neighboring
Arab states. It has also played a role in regional alliances and rivalries.

Global Diplomacy: The Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been a focal point of

global diplomacy for decades. Numerous international efforts, peace
initiatives, and negotiations have been undertaken to try to resolve the
conflict.
Diplomatic Relations: The conflict has influenced diplomatic relations
between countries worldwide. It has strained relations between Israel and
many Arab and Muslim-majority countries, although recent developments
have seen some countries normalize relations with Israel.

U.S. Involvement: The United States has played a significant role in

mediating the conflict and supporting Israel. Its stance on the issue has had
implications for its relations with other countries in the region.

Security Concerns: The conflict has had security implications beyond the
Middle East. It has been cited as a factor in global terrorism, and it has
influenced security policies in various countries.
 Cultural and Religious Impact: The conflict has deep cultural and
religious significance for Jews, Muslims, and Christians. It involves
holy sites in Jerusalem and has religious implications that resonate
far beyond the region.

Peace Efforts: The ongoing conflict has frustrated numerous peace

efforts and negotiations, with multiple peace plans failing to achieve
a lasting [Link] that resonate far beyond the region.

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains a deeply entrenched and

complex issue with profound implications for the Middle East and
the world. Its impacts continue to shape regional and global
politics, security, and diplomacy. Efforts to find a peaceful and
lasting resolution persist, but the challenges remain formidable.
 Past Actions
The United Nations (UN) has taken numerous actions and initiatives
over the years in an attempt to address the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
and promote peace in the region. Here are some of the notable past
actions of the UN:

1947 UN Partition Plan: The UN General Assembly passed Resolution

181 in 1947, which recommended the partition of Palestine into
separate Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem as an international
city. This plan laid the groundwork for the establishment of the State
of Israel in 1948.

UNRWA: The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine
Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established in 1949 to
provide humanitarian assistance and support to Palestinian refugees
and their descendants.

Peacekeeping: The UN has been involved in various peacekeeping

missions in the region, including the United Nations Truce Supervision
Organization (UNTSO), which has monitored ceasefires and border
issues.

1967 Resolution 242: In the aftermath of the Six-Day War in 1967,

the UN Security Council passed Resolution 242, which called for Israel
to withdraw from territories occupied during the war in exchange for
secure and recognized boundaries and the right of all states in the
region to live in peace.
 1973 Resolution 338: Following the Yom Kippur War in 1973, the UN
Security Council passed Resolution 338, reaffirming the principles of
Resolution 242 and calling for a ceasefire and negotiations between the parties.

1980 Jerusalem Resolution: The UN Security Council passed Resolution 478

in 1980, condemning Israel's declaration of Jerusalem as its capital and calling
on member states to withdraw their diplomatic missions from the city.

1993 Oslo Accords: The UN played a supportive role in the negotiations

leading to the Oslo Accords between Israel and the Palestine Liberation
Organization (PLO), which set the framework for Palestinian self-governance
in parts of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

UN General Assembly Resolutions: The UN General Assembly has passed

numerous resolutions related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, often criticizing
Israeli policies and calling for a two-state solution.

These actions demonstrate the ongoing involvement of the United Nations in

addressing the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, both through diplomatic initiatives
and humanitarian efforts. However, finding a lasting and comprehensive
resolution to the conflict remains a complex and challenging endeavor
 Two State Solution
The "Two-State Solution" refers to a proposed resolution to the Israeli-
Palestinian conflict, which envisions the creation of two separate and
independent states: one for Israel and one for Palestine. Here are some
key aspects and considerations related to the Two-State Solution:
Borders: The proposal typically envisions the borders of the two states
based on the pre-1967 lines (often referred to as the 1967 borders or the
Green Line), with adjustments agreed upon through negotiations to
account for territorial realities and security concerns.
Jerusalem: Jerusalem is a central and highly sensitive issue. The Two-
State Solution often suggests that Jerusalem should be the shared capital
of both Israel and Palestine, with arrangements to ensure access to holy
sites and administration of the city.
Refugees: The issue of Palestinian refugees is complex. The Two-State
Solution usually involves compensation and resettlement options for
refugees while acknowledging the right of return for those willing to live
in the new Palestinian state.
Mutual Recognition: Both Israel and Palestine would need to recognize
each other's right to exist as sovereign and independent states, which is a
fundamental element of this solution.
Challenges: Achieving a Two-State Solution faces numerous challenges,
including longstanding hostilities, issues related to settlements in the
West Bank, and differing interpretations of key issues.
International Involvement: The international community, including the
United Nations and neighboring Arab states, often plays a role in
supporting and monitoring the implementation of the Two-State Solution.
 Peace Negotiations: Various peace negotiations, including the Oslo
Accords and the Camp David Summit, have aimed to establish a Two-
State Solution, but reaching a final agreement has proven elusive.

Alternatives: Due to the difficulties in implementing the Two-State

Solution, some have proposed alternatives, such as a single bi-national
state or a confederation. However, these alternatives also come with
their own challenges.
The Two-State Solution remains a widely accepted framework for
resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, endorsed by numerous countries
and international organizations. However, the path to achieving this
solution has faced significant obstacles, and ongoing efforts are needed to
bring both parties to the negotiating table and address the complex issues
at the heart of the conflict.
 Current Affairs
More than 800 Israelis and some 500 Palestinians have
been killed amid heavy fighting and bombardment
following the largest attack by the Palestinian armed
group Hamas against Israel in [Link] Defence
Minister Yoav Gallant said on Monday, authorities would
impose a total blockade on the Gaza Strip, cutting
electricity and blocking food and fuel supplies as part of “a
complete siege” on the Hamas-run enclave.
It came as Gaza’s Ministry of Health said at least 510
Palestinians had been killed and 2,751 more had been
wounded in Israeli air raids on the enclave since Saturday,
when Hamas launched its multipronged offensive on
[Link] Israel, the number of people killed has reached
800, with more than 2,200 also wounded.
The Israeli military said it hit more than 1,000 targets in
Gaza, including air raids that levelled much of the town of
Beit Hanoon, known as Erez to Israelis, in the enclave’s
northeast corner. The United Nations said more than
123,000 Palestinians in Gaza had been displaced amid the
intense bombardment.
 A fourth mosque was destroyed in an overnight Israeli air
raid on the Yarmouk neighbourhood in Gaza, forcing
thousands more people to evacuate their homes
Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad have said they are
holding more than 130 captives, adding they would be traded
for the release of thousands of Palestinians imprisoned by
[Link] captives are believed to include soldiers and
civilians – including women, children, and older adults – and
to be comprised of mostly Israelis but also people of other
nationalities.

HAMAS:
Hamas is a designated terrorist group backed by Iran and that has
governed the Gaza Strip since 2007. Gaza, the small strip of land that is
home to over 2 million Palestinians within roughly 140 square miles, is one
of the most densely populated territories on Earth and has been kept under
an Israeli land, air and sea blockade since 2007.