Factors and multiples

Factors
1. Complete the sentences:

a. A factor …………… …………… into another number. There will be no …………… .

b. The smallest factor of a number is always …………… .

c. The largest factor of a number is always ………………………………………………………………… .

2. Write all the factors for each number.

a. 4: …. , …. , …. b. 10: …. , …. , …. , ….

c. 7: …. , …. d. 12: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

e. 15: …. , …. , …. , …. f. 8: …. , …. , …. , ….

g. 2: …. , …. h. 5: …. , ….

i. 20: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. j. 9: …. , …. , ….

k. 35: …. , …. , …. , …. l. 25: …. , …. , ….

m. 24: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. ,…. , …. , ….

n. 100: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …., …. , ….

o. 75: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. p. 81: …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

3. Complete the missing factors for each number, keeping them in order.
a. 6: 1 , 2 , …. , …. b. 3: …. , ….

c. 14: 1 , … , 7 , …. d. 16: …. , 2 , …. , …. , 16

e. 28: …. , 2 , …. , …. , …. , 28 f. 18: …. , …. , 3 , …. , 9 , ….

g. 30: .... , 2 , 3 , …. , 6 , …. , …. , 30 h. 49: …. , …. , ….

i. 36: …. , 2 , 3 , …. , …. , 9 , …. , …. , ….

j. 90: …. , …. , …. , …. , 6 , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

k. 40: …. , …. , 4 , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

l. 48: …. , 2 , …. , …. , …. , 8 , …. , 16 , …. , ….

m. 72: …. , …. , …. , 4 , …. , 8 , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

4. Complete the sentences:

a. Some numbers have exactly 2 factors. These numbers are called …………… …………… .

b. Most numbers have an even number of factors.

The numbers that have an odd number of factors are all …………… …………… .

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 Factors and multiples
Common factors and highest common factor (hcf)

1. Find the common factors and highest common factor (HCF) of the numbers shown
a. 6 and 9 Factors of 6: …. , …. , …. , ….

Factors of 9: …. , …. , ….

Common factors: …. , …. HCF = ….

b. 8 and 20 Factors of 8: …. , …. , …. , ….

Factors of 20: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. ,….

Common factors: …. , …. , …. HCF = ….

c. 25 and 40 Factors of 25: …. , …. , ….

Factors of 40: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Common factors: …. , …. HCF = ….

d. 16 and 24 Factors of 16: …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Factors of 24: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Common factors: ……………………………………… HCF = ….

e. 12 and 30 Factors of 12: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Factors of 30: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Common factors: ……………………………………… HCF = ….

f. 36 and 64 Factors of 36: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Factors of 64: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Common factors: ……………………………………… HCF = ….

g. 40 and 50 Factors of 40: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Factors of 50: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Common factors: ……………………………………… HCF = ….

h. 18 and 54 Factors of 18: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Factors of 54: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , ….

Common factors: ……………………………………… HCF = ….

i. Find the HCF of 24 and 90 j. Find the HCF of 60 and 84

2. Why is it not sensible to find the lowest common factor?

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 Factors and multiples
Multiples and lowest common multiple (lcm)

1. Complete the sentences:

a. The multiples of a number are found by …………… it by a …………… .

b. The multiples of 4 are: 4, …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

c. The smallest multiple of a number is always …………………………………………………… .

d. The 2nd multiple of 6 = …. x …. = …. e. The 9th multiple of 4 = …. x …. = ….

2. Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of the numbers shown.

a. 2 and 3 Mutiples of 2: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Mutiples of 3: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Common multiples of 2 and 3: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , … LCM = ….

b. 4 and 5 Mutiples of 4: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Mutiples of 5: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Common multiples of 4 and 5: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , … LCM = ….

c. 6 and 4 Mutiples of 6: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Mutiples of 4: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Common multiples of 4 and 6: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , … LCM = ….

d. 6 and 9 Mutiples of 6: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Mutiples of 9: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Common multiples of 6 and 9: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , … LCM = ....

e. 7 and 5 Mutiples of 7: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Mutiples of 5: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Common multiples of 7 and 5: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , … LCM = ….

f. 3 and 8 Mutiples of 3: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Mutiples of 8: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , …

Common multiples of 3 and 8: …. , …. , …. , …. , …. , … LCM = ….

g. Find the common multiples and LCM of 12 and 20.

3. Why is it not sensible to find the highest common multiple?

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 Factors and multiples
Factors - answers

1. Complete the sentences:

a. A factor divides exactly into another number. There will be no remainder.

b. The smallest factor of a number is always 1.

c. The largest factor of a number is always the number itself.

2. Write all the factors for each number.

a. 4: 1 , 2 , 4 b. 10: 1 , 2 , 5 , 10

c. 7: 1 , 7 d. 12: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 12

e. 15: 1 , 3 , 5 , 15 f. 8: 1 , 2 , 4 , 8

g. 2: 1 , 2 h. 5: 1 , 5

i. 20: 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 10 , 20 j. 9: 1 , 3 , 9

k. 35: 1 , 5 , 7 , 35 l. 25: 1 , 5 , 25

m. 24: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 12 , 24

n. 100: 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 10 , 20 , 25 , 50, 100

o. 75: 1 , 3 , 5 , 15 , 25 , 75 p. 81: 1 , 3 , 9 , 27 , 81

3. Complete the missing factors for each number, keeping them in order.
a. 6: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 b. 3: 1 , 3

c. 14: 1 , 2 , 7 , 14 d. 16: 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 16

e. 28: 1 , 2 , 4 , 7 , 14 , 28 f. 18: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 18

g. 30: 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 10 , 15 , 30 h. 49: 1 , 7 , 49

i. 36: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 18 , 36

j. 90: 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 9 , 10 , 15 , 18 , 30 , 45 , 90

k. 40: 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 10 , 20 , 40

l. 48: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 12 , 16 , 24 , 48

m. 72: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 12 , 18 , 24 , 36 , 72

4. Complete the sentences:

a. Some numbers have exactly 2 factors. These numbers are called prime numbers.

b. Most numbers have an even number of factors.

The numbers that have an odd number of factors are all square numbers.

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 Factors and multiples
Common factors and highest common factor (hcf) - answers

1. Find the common factors and highest common factor (HCF) of the numbers shown
a. 6 and 9 Factors of 6: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6

Factors of 9: 1 , 3 , 9

Common factors: 1 , 3 HCF = 3

b. 8 and 20 Factors of 8: 1 , 2 , 4 , 8

Factors of 20: 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 10 , 20

Common factors: 1 , 2 , 4 HCF = 4

c. 25 and 40 Factors of 25: 1 , 5 , 25

Factors of 40: 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 10 , 20 , 40

Common factors: 1 , 5 HCF = 5

d. 16 and 24 Factors of 16: 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 16

Factors of 24: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 12 , 24

Common factors: 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 HCF = 8

e. 12 and 30 Factors of 12: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 12

Factors of 30: 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 10 , 15 , 30

Common factors: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 HCF = 6

f. 36 and 64 Factors of 36: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 18 , 36

Factors of 64: 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 16 , 32 , 64

Common factors: 1 , 2 , 4 HCF = 4

g. 40 and 50 Factors of 40: 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 10 , 20 , 40

Factors of 50: 1 , 2 , 5 , 10 , 25 , 50

Common factors: 1 , 2 , 5 , 10 HCF = 10

h. 18 and 54 Factors of 18: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 18

Factors of 54: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 18 , 27 , 54

Common factors: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 18 HCF = 18

i. HCF of 24 and 90 = 6 j. HCF of 60 and 84 = 12

2. Why is it not sensible to find the lowest common factor?

It will always be 1, because 1 is a factor of every number.

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 Factors and multiples
Multiples and lowest common multiple (lcm) - answers

1. Complete the sentences:

a. The multiples of a number are found by multiplying it by a number.

b. The multiples of 4 are: 4 , 8 , 12 , 16 , 20 , 24 , 28 , 32 , …

c. The smallest multiple of a number is always the number itself.

d. The 2nd multiple of 6 = 2 x 6 = 12 e. The 9th multiple of 4 = 9 x 4 = 36

2. Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of the numbers shown.

a. 2 and 3 Mutiples of 2: 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , …

Mutiples of 3: 3 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 15 , 18 , 21 , 24 , 27 , 30 , 33 , 36 , …

Common multiples of 2 and 3: 6 , 12 , 18 , 24 , 30 , … LCM = 6

b. 4 and 5 Mutiples of 4: 4 , 8 , 12 , 16 , 20 , 24 , 28 , 32 , 36 , 40 , 44 , 48 , …

Mutiples of 5: 5 , 10 , 15 , 20 , 25 , 30 , 35 , 40 , 45 , 50 , 55 , 60 , …

Common multiples of 4 and 5: 20 , 40 , 60 , 80 , 100 , … LCM = 20

c. 6 and 4 Mutiples of 6: 6 , 12 , 18 , 24 , 30 , 36 , 42 , 48 , 54 , 60 , 66 , 72 , …

Mutiples of 4: 4 , 8 , 12 , 16 , 20 , 24 , 28 , 32 , 36 , 40 , 44 , 48 , …

Common multiples of 6 and 4: 12 , 24 , 36 , 48 , 60 , … LCM = 12

d. 6 and 9 Mutiples of 6: 6 , 12 , 18 , 24 , 30 , 36 , 42 , 48 , 54 , 60 , 66 , 72 , …

Mutiples of 9: 9 , 18 , 27 , 36 , 45 , 54 , 63 , 72 , 81 , 90 , 99 , 108 , …

Common multiples of 6 and 9: 18 , 36 , 54 , 72 , 90 , … LCM = 18

e. 7 and 5 Mutiples of 7: 7 , 14 , 21 , 28 , 35 , 42 , 49 , 56 , 63 , 70 , 77 , 84 , …

Mutiples of 5: 5 , 10 , 15 , 20 , 25 , 30 , 35 , 40 , 45 , 50 , 55 , 60 , …

Common multiples of 7 and 5: 35 , 70 , 105 , 140 , 175 , … LCM = 35

f. 3 and 8 Mutiples of 3: 3 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 15 , 18 , 21 , 24 , 27 , 30 , 33 , 36 , …

Mutiples of 8: 8 , 16 , 24 , 32 , 40 , 48 , 56 , 64 , 72 , 80 , 88 , 96 , …

Common multiples of 3 and 8: 24 , 48 , 72 , 96 , 120 , … LCM = 24

g. Find the common multiples and LCM of 12 and 20.

Mutiples of 12: 12 , 24 , 36 , 48 , 60 , 72 , 84 , 96 , 108 , 120 , …

Mutiples of 20: 20 , 40 , 60 , 80 , 100 , 120 , 180 , 200 , …

Common multiples of 12 and 20: 60 , 120 , 180 , 240 , … LCM = 60

3. Why is it not sensible to find the highest common multiple?

Multiples keep getting larger so we can always find a larger common multiple.

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