ABAP Query
Published by Team of SAP Consultants at SAPTOPJOBS
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TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................3 Scenario 1.............................................................................................................4 1. Finding Database tables for creating queries.................................................4 2. Create a User group ....................................................................................19 3. Create an Infoset .........................................................................................27 4. Assign Infoset to User Group.......................................................................39 5. Create Query ...............................................................................................41 Scenario 2...........................................................................................................64 1. Creating an Infoset ......................................................................................65 2. Assign Infoset to User group........................................................................86 3. Create a Query ............................................................................................88 4. Transporting Queries .................................................................................108
INTRODUCTION
In every project we come across situations where the client is not satisfied by the standard SAP reports. In such situations most of the times functional consultants have to be at the mercy of ABAPERS. This not only costs time but also a good deal of money for the client. ABAP Query was a blessing in disguise for both functional SAP consultants as well as end users of the company. Here, one could easily design various reports without any technical knowledge. Functional consultants will find this tool very useful and an added skill in today multi tasking environment. We have attempted to bring you meat of ABAP query in this document. I am sure you would find this very useful in your current job as a consultant or a end user.
Scenario 1 1. Finding Database tables for creating queries
We want to view the company code segment of the entire customer masters in the company. Standard reports available do not give the desired information. Therefore we feel the need to create an ABAP Query. To create an ABAP query you need to know the database table where the information exists. How can that be obtained? Option 1 We want to see the company code information of a customer. Use the relevant transaction code to see the information. In this case it is FD03 Go to the company code data
Position the cursor on the field Recon. account key F1 on the key board to see the field help.
and press function
Click on Technical info
Thus you get the Transparent table name KNB1 Here you have easily got the table. Option 2 Sometimes the table name is not as easily available as was available in option 1. In the same transaction
Click on
Click on the field Name the keyboard
and now again press function key F1 on
Click on
In the above screen transparent table is not visible. Note down the field name NAME1 In another session type in transaction code SE90 in the command field.
Click
Click
Click
Double click
Update the following:-
Click
Click
down to find where customer table for general data appears
We will use the table KNA1 for General data in Customer Master.
2. Create a User group
Use the following path:SAP menu Tools ABAP Workbench Utilities SAP Query SQ01 Queries
Click
Update the following:-
Click
Update the following:-
Click
Assign users to the user group. You need to assign the users of the particular department to the user group. Click on
You will update the relevant users who will be using these queries.
Click
Click on
Click
3. Create an Infoset
Click Environment Infosets
Update the following:-
Click
Click Update the following:-
Click
Click
Click
Click
You will notice in the above screen that some fields have T above them
This means that in this field text is also available. Now we need to select fields from the table (left hand side) to the Field Group/data fields (right hand side). Position the cursor on Then position the cursor on
Click on Insert field(s) in field group
Click Hold the Ctrl key on the keyboard and select other fields also
By clicking
Click
Click Click to generate the infoset
The infoset is now ready to use in the query. Click
4. Assign Infoset to User Group
Update the following:-
Click
Select Click
Click
5. Create Query
Here we maintain the source fields which are to be updated with the data.
Click
to select user group
Select Click
Update the following:-
Click
Click Click
Update the following:-
Click
Select Click
Update the following:-
Click
Click
Update the following:-
Click Click
Click
Double click
Click
Double click Similarly double click other fields to select
Click
Update the following:-
Click
Click
Update the following:-
In the above you screen shot you see that the Customer text is being showing as Customer number. We need to change this. Click twice
Click
Click the field will open up Change it to Customer Name
Click on
Click
Click
Click Click on Click until you reach
Now you can execute this query By selecting
Click
Scenario 2
In scenario 1 we saw a simple query, where in all information required was available in a single table. But that is not the case always. Information which we require is not available in a single table and is scattered across in more than one table. In such as scenario you need to create a join between these tables through a common field between these tables. In this scenario we want to have information of the customer master with name, address and also the accounting information. We have seen earlier that the customer address information is available in the table KNA1 and the accounting information for the customer is available in the table KNB1. These 2 tables can be joined based on the common field customer number in them.
Let us proceed with creating a new query
1. Creating an Infoset
Update the following:-
Click
Update the following:-
Click
Click
Update the following:-
Click
Click
Click
Click Click
Select
Click on Settings Settings Click
Select
Now click
Click
Position the cursor on Click Undo relationship
Click Click
Now Update the following:-
Click
Click
Click
Click
Click Click
Click Thereafter select all the fields you want to move on the right side. Press the Ctrl button to select more than one field.
Click
Click
Click
until you will see
Select the following fields
Select
Click
Click
Click on Click Click
Click
2. Assign Infoset to User group
Click
Select Click on Click twice
3. Create a Query
Click Other user group
Click Click
Click
Uncheck
Update the following:-
Click
Click
Update the following:-
Click
Select
Click
Select
Click
Click
Click
Update the following:-
Click
Click
Click
Click
Click Click on Click
twice
thrice
To execute a query Select And then Click
4. Transporting Queries
Click
Update the following:-
Click
Click
Click
Click
