National University of Modern Languages, Lahore
Submitted by:
Muhammad Tayyab Hasaan (CS-72)
Muhammad Saad (CS-213)
Rohan Ali Khan (CS-218)
Assignment Topic:
Types, Importance and Preparation of Interviews
Submitted to:
Ms Sadia Rafiq
Date:
04-10-2023
Semester:
2nd (morning)
What is Interview?
An interview is a conversation or discussion between one or more individuals, typically
with a specific purpose, such as gathering information, evaluating qualifications, or making
decisions. It involves one or more interviewers and an interviewee who responds to questions or
provides information on a particular topic or subject.
Types of interviews:
The interview is divided into nine different parts according to need, situation, place and
time. Job seekers need to be experienced enough to know when and what type of interview to
use.
Nine different types of interviews are as follow:
Structured Interview
Unstructured Interview
In-Depth Interview
Stress Interview
Personal Interview
Informal Interview
Formal Interview
Group Interview
Exit Interview
1. Structured Interview:
It is designed to be a systematic and consistent method of assessing candidates for a job
or gathering information in research settings. In a structured interview, each candidate is asked
the same set of questions in the same order, allowing for a fair and objective evaluation of their
qualifications and suitability for the role.
2. Un structured interview:
An unstructured interview is a interview where the questions are not standardized.
Instead, it is characterized by its open-ended and flexible nature. In unstructured interviews, the
interviewer engages in a conversational dialogue with the interviewee, allowing the conversation
to flow naturally and explore a wide range of topics.
3. In Depth Interview:
An in-depth interview is a qualitative research technique commonly used in various fields,
including social sciences, market research, and journalism, to gather detailed and comprehensive
information from individuals or participants. These interviews are typically open-ended, flexible,
and designed to explore the interviewee's thoughts, experiences, perspectives, and emotions on
a specific topic or set of topics. In-depth interviews are often used when a deeper understanding
of a subject is required.
4. Stress Interview:
A stress interview is a type of job interview designed to put the interviewee under
pressure or in a challenging and uncomfortable situation to assess how they handle stress,
pressure, and adversity. The primary goal of a stress interview is to observe how a candidate
responds to difficult or unexpected situations and to evaluate their ability to remain composed,
think on their feet, and maintain professionalism in high-pressure scenarios.
5. Personal Interview:
A personal interview, often referred to as a one-on-one interview, is a face-to-face
conversation between an interviewer and an interviewee. It is typically used in job interviews,
research interviews, or various other contexts to assess an individual's qualifications, gather
information, or exchange ideas. In a personal interview, the interaction is between the
interviewer and a single interviewee.
6. Informal Interview:
An informal interview is a conversation that lacks the structured and standardized format
of a formal interview. It is characterized by a relaxed atmosphere and open-ended discussion.
Informal interviews are often used in casual settings, networking events, or informational
interviews to learn more about a person's background, experiences, or insights. These interviews
may not necessarily have a specific agenda or predefined questions.
7. Formal Interview:
Formal interview is a structured and organized interview process with predefined
questions, a clear agenda, and specific objectives. It is often used in job interviews and other
formal assessments where consistency and fairness are essential. Formal interviews typically
follow a standardized format, with interviewers asking the same set of questions to all candidates
to ensure equal evaluation.
8. Group Interview:
A group interview involves multiple candidates being interviewed simultaneously by one
or more interviewers. It can take various forms, such as a panel interview (multiple interviewers
assessing one candidate) or a group discussion (candidates interacting with each other and
interviewers). Group interviews are used to observe how candidates interact, collaborate, and
communicate in a group setting. They are common in some job selection processes and
educational admissions.
9. Exit Interview:
An exit interview is a structured conversation conducted by an employer with an
employee who is leaving the organization. The purpose of an exit interview is to gather feedback
about the employee's experiences, reasons for leaving, and suggestions for improvement within
the organization. It can help employers identify areas for enhancement and potentially address
issues that may affect retention or morale among current employees.
The Importance of Interviews
Introduction
Interviews are a multifaceted tool with significant importance in various aspects of life,
ranging from recruitment to research, decision-making, and personal development. This
assignment explores the vital role interviews play in different contexts and how they facilitate
information exchange, assessment, and communication. Let’s discuss some sections in which
interviews plays an important role:
Section 1: Interviews in Recruitment and Employment
1.1 Evaluating Candidates:
Interviews are a pivotal step in the hiring process, allowing employers to assess
candidates, qualifications, skills, and cultural fit. Employers use interviews to gauge a candidate's
interpersonal skills, problem-solving abilities, and attitude towards the job.
1.2 Ensuring Cultural Fit:
Interviews help employers determine whether a candidate aligns with the company's
values and work culture. Assessing cultural fit through interviews contributes to building cohesive
and productive teams.
Section 2: Interviews in Information Gathering
2.1 Qualitative Research:
Researchers rely on interviews to collect in-depth information, opinions, and experiences
from participants. Interviews are instrumental in generating qualitative data and gaining a
nuanced understanding of a subject.
2.2 Journalism and Investigative Reporting:
Interviews serve as primary sources for journalists, providing firsthand accounts and
perspectives for news articles and investigations. Through interviews, journalists hold individuals
and organizations accountable for their actions and decisions.
Section 3: Interviews in Decision-Making
3.1 In Business Negotiations:
Interviews enable negotiators to gather information, understand the other party's
position, and identify common ground. Effective interviews can lead to conflict resolution and
mutually beneficial agreements.
3.2 Legal Proceedings:
Interviews are used in legal settings to gather evidence, depose witnesses, and build legal
cases. Interviews play a critical role in courtroom proceedings, influencing the decisions of judges
and juries.
Section 4: Interviews in Education and Evaluation
4.1 Academic Admissions:
Educational institutions use interviews to assess applicants' suitability for programs and
scholarships. Interviews contribute to creating diverse student populations by considering
various factors, including merit and background.
4.2 Performance Appraisals:
Interviews provide a platform for managers and employees to discuss achievements,
areas for improvement, and career development. Regular interviews foster continuous
improvement and promote transparency in organizations.
Section 5: Interviews in Therapeutic and Counseling Settings
5.1 Mental Health Assessments:
Therapists use interviews to diagnose mental health disorders and develop treatment plans.
Interviews offer individuals a safe space to express their feelings and challenges.
5.2 Client Progress Evaluation:
Through interviews, therapists assess clients' progress, adjust treatment plans, and
provide ongoing support. Interviews help clients work toward achieving their therapeutic goals.
Preparation For Interview
Preparing for an interview is very important to increase your chances of success. Here are some
steps to help you prepare effectively:
1. Research about the Company/Organization:
Learn about the company's history, mission, values, products and services they are
providing. Understand its culture and the role you're applying for.
2. Understand the Job Requirements:
Review the job description carefully. Identify the key skills, qualifications, and
responsibilities required for the position.
3. Know Your Resume:
Be ready to discuss your work experience, skills, and accomplishments listed on your
resume. Be honest about your experiences and abilities.
4. Practice Common Interview Questions:
Prepare responses to common interview questions, such as "Tell me about yourself,"
"Why do you want this job?" and "What are your strengths and weaknesses?"
5. Behavioral Examples:
Think of specific examples from your past experiences that demonstrate your skills,
problem-solving abilities, and teamwork. Use the STAR method (Situation, Task, Action, Result)
to structure your answers.
6. Questions for the Interviewer:
Prepare thoughtful questions to ask the interviewer about the company, team dynamics,
or the role. This shows your interest and engagement.
7. Dress Appropriately:
Choose professional attire that's suitable for the company culture and the position you're
applying for.
8. Arrive Early:
Plan to arrive at the interview location early to account for any unexpected delays.
Punctuality reflects positively on your reliability.
9. Practice Interview Etiquette:
Be polite and respectful to everyone you meet, from the receptionist to the interviewer.
First impressions matter.
10. Body Language:
Maintain good eye contact, offer a firm handshake, and sit up straight during the
interview. Positive body language is important.
11. Stay Calm and Confident:
Managing nerves is crucial. Take deep breaths, stay positive, and remind yourself of your
qualifications.
12. Review Your Resume and Application Materials:
Be ready to discuss your resume, cover letter, and any other application materials. Ensure
there are no inconsistencies.
13. Mock Interviews:
Practice with a friend, family member, or in front of a mirror to refine your responses and
build confidence.
14. Technology Test (For Virtual Interviews):
If the interview is virtual, test your internet connection, camera, and microphone
beforehand to avoid technical issues.
15. Follow-Up Plans:
After the interview, send a thank-you email expressing your gratitude for the opportunity
and reiterating your interest in the position.
Remember that preparation is key, but also be adaptable during the interview. Listen carefully to
the questions and adapt your responses as needed. Good luck!
