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Basic Differential

The document summarizes key components and functions of differentials and final drive systems, including: 1. The main components of a differential are the rear axle housing, differential case, and crown wheel and pinion combination. 2. A differential allows the outer wheels to rotate at different speeds when turning, distributing torque equally between the left and right wheels. 3. Differential locks are used to lock the left and right wheels together, improving traction in low-grip conditions. They work by coupling the sun gears using a sliding sleeve. 4. Final drive systems can include hypoid gearing between the crown wheel and pinion, as well as hub reductions, tandems, and transfer

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32 views30 pages

Basic Differential

The document summarizes key components and functions of differentials and final drive systems, including: 1. The main components of a differential are the rear axle housing, differential case, and crown wheel and pinion combination. 2. A differential allows the outer wheels to rotate at different speeds when turning, distributing torque equally between the left and right wheels. 3. Differential locks are used to lock the left and right wheels together, improving traction in low-grip conditions. They work by coupling the sun gears using a sliding sleeve. 4. Final drive systems can include hypoid gearing between the crown wheel and pinion, as well as hub reductions, tandems, and transfer

Uploaded by

agussptra175
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Differential Introduction

Main component
• Rear axle housing (1)
• Differential case (2)
Function of differential
Final drive component
Crown wheel and pinion shaft

4477
Crown wheel and pinion combination

• Crown wheel and pinion can be found in two different


design:
1. Spiral bevel, helical teeth : the crown wheel and pinion are on
same center line.
2. Hypoid helical teeth :the pinion center line is bellow that of
crown wheel. This allows that more teeth are in contact and
larger torque could be transferred from pinion to crown
wheel. The hypoid design is usually used in Volvo final drives.
Crown wheel and pinion relation

No of teeth of crown wheel


No of teeth of pinion

Example:
30
10
Result : 3:1 reduction.
Differential

1.Satelite gear (smaller gear )


2. Sun gear ( larger gear )
3. Journal led on the spider
Drive shaft
Function of differential

• When the vehicle is running straight a head.


Function of differential

• When the vehicle makes a turn


Function of differential
Function of differential

• The right sun gear rotated more faster.


Differential lock main component

1. Coupling sleeve
2. Sliding coupling sleeve
3. Diaphragm
4. Sleeve
5. Shift fork
6. Contact Switch
7. Switch on the dashboard
8. Indicator lamp
Differential lock operation
Hub reduction
• Hub Reduction, main
component

• The hub reduction consist of a


planetary gear system.

• The planetary system consist


of a sun gear (1), three or four
planetary gears .(depend on
hub reduction application)
and ring gear(3).
• Reduction 3.46 : 1
Tandem drive

• A heavy duty truck is often


equipped with a tandem drive,
that is two driven rear axle.
• This result in less slip and
enhanced grip.
• The front-most driven axle is
equipped with a transfer gear
while the final drive in the rear-
most axle is a standard single
gear.
Differential with transfer gearbox

• Power from the gearbox passes via the


transfer box’s input shaft (1), the
transfer gear’s differential (2), to the
output shaft (3), which drives the rear
most axle via short propeller shaft.
• The transfer gearbox as a gear wheel
(4), which uses an additional gear(5) to
transfer power to the final drive (6) on
the front-most rear axle.
Differential with transfer gearbox
RT2610HV, RT3210HV
Final Drives Front And Rear
Normal running
The final drives slip
Differential lock active
INTER WHEEL

INTER AXLE
Thickness shim of EV 72 and DT 100 HV

• B = 41.0 - E + F - G
B = Thickness of shims
41.0 = Theoretical value (always used)
E = Pinion rear bearing total width
F = Measurement stamped on housing
G = Measurement stamped on pinion
B = 41.0 - 40.20 + 0.40 - 0.30
B = 0.90 mm
Pre Load on DT 100 HV

Preload = Shim For axial – ( axial + 0,14)


Pre Load on DS 70

Preload = Shim for axial - ( Axial + 0,04 )


Input shaft Axial on DT 100 HV

Axial clereance = 0,01 – 0,09 mm


Backlash and Axial Play
Four point Backlash within 0,27 – 0,43 mm
Average Value must be wihin 0,30 – 0,40 mm

Axial should be within 0,02 – 0,10 mm

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