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R - Lecture 6

This document discusses control statements in R, including while loops, break statements, and next statements. It provides examples of how to use while loops to repeatedly execute code while a condition is true. Break statements are used to stop a loop early, even if the condition is still true. Next statements skip the current iteration of a loop but allow the loop to continue. Combining conditional and loop statements like if/while and if/for is also discussed.

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25 views18 pages

R - Lecture 6

This document discusses control statements in R, including while loops, break statements, and next statements. It provides examples of how to use while loops to repeatedly execute code while a condition is true. Break statements are used to stop a loop early, even if the condition is still true. Next statements skip the current iteration of a loop but allow the loop to continue. Combining conditional and loop statements like if/while and if/for is also discussed.

Uploaded by

mxmlan21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Lecture 6: Control Statements

WHILE; BREAK; NEXT

Ivan Belik

Assembled and built based on:


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WHILE
R: while - statement
• while repeatedly executes a block of statements as long as a condition is TRUE

• Repetition of statements (B in figure) using while is called iteration

• The while statement is also called the while-loop

• The while-loop is used to repeat a section of code an unknown number of


times until a specific condition is met

• Formal WHILE – notation in R:

while (testing expression) {


statement
}
R: while - statement
while (testing expression) {
• Example: statement
}
Print all elements from 1 to 4:
R: while - statement
• Consider another example based on iris data frame:
R: while - statement
• Let’s make our example a bit more interesting

• We will create a new empty data frame called My_frame

• My_frame will have one variable [Link] (the same name as in the iris data frame)

• Next, we fill My_frame by [Link] values (from iris) that are greater than 7.5

• We will employ WHILE-statement to solve this problem


R: while - statement
BREAK
R: break - statement
• Break statement: used to break out of a loop statement

• To stop the execution of a looping statement even if:

• the loop condition has not become FALSE


or
• Statements has not been completely iterated over
R: break in for - statement
• EXAMPLE 1:

• We iterate over the vector a (a <- 1:10) and show values until we meet value 4:
R: break in for - statement
• EXAMPLE 2:

• We Iterate over three vectors within 3-level for-loop

• We break for-loop on the 3-rd level every time when we approach value 2 in the vector 1:10
R: break in while - statement
• BREAK - statement can be used in WHILE-loop as well

• In the following example we start to sum numbers from 1 to 5,

• but we “break” the procedure if sum becomes equal to 3


NEXT
R: next – statement in FOR
next-statement is applied when you need to:
• skip the current iteration,
• but do not terminate the loop

Here, next statement in a for-loop:

We do not print 4, but keep going to print all other numbers till 10
R: next – statement in WHILE
next-statement is applied when you need to:
• skip the current iteration,
• but do not terminate the loop

Here, next statement in a while-loop:

We do not print 3, but keep going to print all other numbers till 5
Optional materials:

more examples
R: repeat - loop
• Repeat loop is less popular than FOR and WHILE, but can be useful

• R Programming repeat loop:

• [Link]
R: Conditionals and loops
• Let’s consider some trivial examples related to the combined statements in R.
• EXAMPLES ([Link]

IF + WHILE:

[Link]

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IF + FOR:

[Link]

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