Map of contents Section A Sounds and spelling [ Section B Syllables and words 1 Spelling and pronunciation 28 Syllables 2 Vowels fit! 29 Strong and weak vowels 3 Vowels us! /ul 30 Stress in two-syllable words 4 Vowels at! Jal ‘31. Stress in longer words 5 Vowels /o/ /ou! 32. Stress in compound words 6 Vowels ef /ae/ 7 Vowels /ai! 8 Vowels /ial fea! © Vowels fea! fav 10 Vowels /au/ faul 11 Consonants /p/ Mb’ 12 Consonants /t/ idl 13, Consonants /k//g/ 14 Consonants 1 1 18 Consonants 8/18! [16 Consonants f/f 17 Consonants iff fl 18 Consonants /tf/ /d3/ Section C Phrases, sentences and grammar ‘33 Chunking text and reading aloud 34 Consonant-to-vowel linking 35 Linking // Aw! ‘36 Rhythm 37 Strong and weak forms in phrases and sentences: pronouns. ‘38 Strong and weak forms in phrases and | sentences: possessives, conjunctions, prepositions ‘39 Strong and weak forms in phrases and ‘sentences: articles, comparatives, ‘there! “40. Strong and weak forms in phrases and sentences: auxiliary verbs 19 Consonants /mn! /n!// ‘41 Contractions 20 Consonants fh/ 21 Consonants A! 22 Consonants i 23 Consonants /w//j/ 24 Medial clusters 25 Initial clusters 42. Pronouncing ~s endings in noun plurals and present simple 43 Pronouncing regular past tense endings Section D Conversation 44 Intonation: fall-rise and fall for old and new information 26 Final clusters ‘45 Intonation: storytelling 27 Cuusters across words 46. Intonation: active listening 47 Intonation: contrastive stress 48, Intonation: emphatic stress 449 Intonation: typical patterns in functional language 1 50 Intonation: typical patterns in functional language 2 Engish Pronunciation in Use (Elementary) 9DDS ae How many letters, how many sounds? Spelling and pronunciation All sections with this symbol (. .) are on the recording. Listen to them while you read this page. ‘There are 26 letters in the English alphabet. ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ ‘There are five vowel letters. 4 I | O ( And there are 21 consonant letters. 8 CD F GH J KLMNPQRSTVWXYZ ‘But there are more than 40 vowel and consonant sounds in English. In some words, the number of letters is the same as the number of sounds. best 4 letters, 4 sounds ofels|t EEE! dentist 7 letters, 7 sounds dve[nytl ist 1[2[3[4tslel7 But sometimes the number of sounds is different from the number of leters. In green, ee is one sound, and in happy, pp is one sound. sreen S eters, 4 sounds ol lelels] [hlalelply iat 3 io 3 [4] Inbred, eng oe wend birlelala read S letters, 4 sounds atet os Te In some words there are silent letters (letters with no sound). listen 6 lewers, 5 sounds. T[i[s[t]e]n 1[2[3[- [4s In some words, one letter is two sounds. The x six 3 letters, 4 sounds 3 six is two sounds like k + s. x 3 4 ‘We sometimes write the same sound differently in different words. For example, the e in red sounds like the ea in bread. ‘Sometimes two words have the same pronunciation but diferent spellings. (See Section ES Homophones) Az Do you know? B: No, | don’. ‘And sometimes two words have the same spelling but different pronunciations. ‘ead (infinitive and present tense) ~ rac (past tense) ‘A: Do you want to read the newspaper? Br No, thanks, I read it this morning, Because there are more sounds than letters, we use symbols for pronunciation. foest/ best /'dentist/ dentist /gri:n/ geen "heepi! happy koi coffee isan/ listen fOri/ three /siks/ six /soks/ socks fbred/ bread /nav/ no /nau/ know — /red/ red ved! read (ast tense) /risc read (infinitive and present tense) The symbol ' (look at the beginning of the symbols for dentist, happy, coffee, listen) comes before stressed syllables (see Section B Syllables and words). Engish Pronunciavon in Use (Elementary)WW ® 12 ® 14 @ Seetion A Sounds and speling Exercises Write the number of letters and the number of sounds in these words. letters | sounds green és 4 Tall 2 back 3 could 4 knee 5 sixty 6 thing 7 who 8 address Check with the Key (on page 138). Then listen and repeat. ‘Some pronunciation symbols ae easy. Write these words in their normal spel EXAMPLE /best! a 1 hog) 2 res 5S Mhelpf 6 neksth eee Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. All five words in each group have the same vowel letter ~ a ¢(,@ 0° u ~ hut ane has a different ‘vowel sound. Circle the word with the different vowel sound in each group. EXAMPLE, on top stop one) gone 1 give time sit think rich 2 apple bad wash catch bank 3 much bus sun push up 4 many maths man hat flat ‘Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. Write words that rhyme (the end part of the word sounds the same). Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat Englsh Pronunciation in Use (Elementary) "2 Pizza for dinner lix/ and /i/ How to make the sound /i:/ 93) « fis a long sound. Look at the diagram. Listen and then say the sound. Make your mouth wide, like a smile. Your tongue touches the sides of your teeth. Target sound: HEED Sound and spelling (4%) « /ixis usually spelled ce or ea. Listen and say these words. see pice eat eat eam 9) » Listen and say these other words with /id. ie field pecs these metre secret evening equal Peter museum European Chinese Japanese complete ey key i ski kilo litte pizza police machine magazine 0 people (98) © Now listen and say these sentences. You will need to pause the recording to give yourself enough time to repeat. 1 Can you see the sea? 2 A piece of pizza, please 3 Peter's in the team, 4 A kilo of peaches and a litre of cream. 5 Please can you teach me to speak Portuguese? How to make the sound /1/ ‘NOL « isa shore sound. Look at the diagram. Listen and then say the sound, Make your mouth a bit less wide than for Jd, Your tongue is a bit further back in your mouth than for fi. Target sound: HL —_ Sound and spelling 166 / is usually spelled i. Listen and say these words. if listen miss dinner swim ‘M02 «Listen and say these other words with //. busy business building system 10d. Now listen and say these phrases. 1 fifty-six 2 cinnerin the kitchen 3 a cinema ticker 4/a picture of a building 5 big business ‘ANGE Note: Eight letters ofthe alphabet have the sound ji. Listen and repeat. BCDEGPTV Al0f Note: Units 2 to 10 focus on vowel sounds in stressed syllables (see Section B Syllables and words). Dy Weel stunts in arses yates often have the weak vowel JoJ. Listen and repeat. agree equal kitchen museum Peter picture pizza ‘AIO Note: There is sometimes an // sound at the end of a word in an unstressed syllable (see Section B Syllables and words), e.g, happy, coffee, busy. This sound is like /':/ but shorter. Listen and repeat. happy cofiee busy sixty 2 Englsh Pronunccton in Use (Elementary) front of tongue up aw donn (ative)24 23 aD 24 aus 2.5 als Section A Sounds and speting Exercises What shall We 40 this nn Let’s stay at home and watch ... 2 A: Let me read that A B: No-it's a. secret. fou know my friend? B: Yes. Well, he's got a new job. He's joined the .. Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. (What shall we do? ») 3 Find the /i/ words from these clues. EXAMPLE A thousand thousand isa —llon 1,000,099-__ 1 You can use @ =n» tO go up and down in a building. YP 2 There are sixty seconds in a... Hi a y? 8 Ae is a book of words to help you A with your English. 4 1 too warm in here = open the mes « 5 Would you like a — with your coffee? 6 Birds and planes have ~. 7 You can sce yourself in a .. 8 Don't drop = put it ina bint Lsten to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. Circle all the fis! sounds and underline all the / sounds. big busy dinner give green in listen meet office people pizza please repeat six tea three Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences. EXAMPLE Let's have pita rw FOC AIMMEE ee a repeat. 1 We're always busy ae b people in the museum. 2 Would you lke tea € six o'elock. 3 Give me that big 4 inthe offce. 4 There were only three sas © or coffee? 5 Listen and —— £ green book, please. 6 Lee's meet at 8 for-dinnes Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. Usten and circle the word you hear. Check with the Key. If any of these are difficult for you, go to Section E3 Sound pairs for further practice. 1 leave I live (sound pair 1) 2 knee near (> sound pair 2) 3 litter letter (sound pair 3) Engish Pronunciation in Use (Elementary) 3ie) A spoonful of sugar 4 fu:/ and /u/ How to make the sound /u:/ ‘AIG » fu is a long sound. Look at the diagram. Listen and then say the sound, Make your lips into a cunnel shape. ‘Your tongue is a long way back in your mouth, Target sound: fd Sound and spelling Ateh » ax/ is often spelled 00, ou, o¢, u, ue or ew. Listen and say these words. 00 group shoe blue ‘» When the spelling is u or ew, there is often a // sound before the //. Listen and say these words. AG 6 There are also other spellings of /u/. Listen and say these other words with /:/. two fruit juice AIG © Now listen and say these phrases. 1 me too 2 work in groups 3 new shoes 4 ced and blue 5 listen to the music 6 for swo 7 oi juice AX iote: uf i the name ofthe letter U inthe alphabet. How to make the sound /u/ TD) tosrountes ITA « /o/is a short sound, Look at the diagram. Listen and then Ca say the sound. Your tongue is not so far back as for /u:/. S ‘Target sound: /of ps ward Sound and spelling (eine ‘AMM 6 /o/is often spelled u, 00 or ou. Listen and say these words. full sugar book foot would Ai7e « Listen and say this other word with /o/. woman Ai + Now listen and say these phrases. 1 My bag’ fall 2 Where's my book? 3 my left foot 4 akilo of sugar 5 Who's that woman? Engish Pronunciation in Use (Elementary)3.1 ‘Section A Sounds and speling Exercises Circle the words with /u:/. (There are nine.) (food) four June look news room school soup spoon sugar town Tuesday two Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. Put the /us/ words from Exercise 3.1 in the sentences. 1 Do you like fast .......feed.... 2 Are you coming to 3s the second of 4 Let's watch the ‘ § eons is over there. 6 Here's a for your Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. Circle the words with fo. (There are six) (Book cookery cough could good looking lunch soon sugar ‘thought through Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. Put the /u/ words from Exercise 3.3 in the sentences. 1 Do you tke a? ee YOU ep ME? PM nee NOP Bs OE Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. Circle the words that have fu:/ or fu, then put them in the correct column. 1 sit really erue? 6 Til be ready soon. 2 You're standing on my foot! 7 Here's your ticket ~ don’t lose it 3 Are you a good cook? 8 Go through that door over there. 4 Where's my toothbrush? 9 My keys! Where did I put them? 5 Do you push or pull to open this door? Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. Listen and circle the word you hear. Check with the Key. If any of these are difficult for you, go to Section E3 Sound pairs for further practice. 1 pool/ pull (> sound pair 4) 2 Took /uck (sound pair $) 3 soup Isoap _(-» sound pair 6) English Pronunciation in Use (Elementary) 154 Father and mother Ja:/ and /a/ eae HE How to make the sound /a; | oo GB « lai/is a long sound. Look at the diagram. Listen and then | EE down say the sound. Open your mouth wide. Target sound: /a:/ HEED Sound and speting ee GP « Jo: is usually spelled a or ar. Listen and say these words. — i afer afternoon ask answer bath bathroom can't class dance fast father glass tomato bar car card far park star start GB « Listen and say these other words with fax aunt laugh heart half (The letter lin half s silent.) GR + Listen and sy these sentences, 1 How far’ the car park? 2. We went to a large bar full of film stars. 3 We're starting in half an hour. 2% «In words with a letter rafter the /a/ sound, most Americans and some British people pronounce the important Listen to the same sentences, this time with the letter rs pronounced. fer skening) 5 Some people especially in the north of England, pronounce the letters a or au as // in some of these sow Words. Usten. after afternoon ask answer aunt bath bathroom class dance fast glass laugh Listen to these sentences, first with /a:/, then with fe. 1 See you tomorrow afternoon. 3 We were laughing and dancing in the classroom. 2 Till ask my aunt. 4 [left my glasses in the bathroom. A Mite: The name ofthe leter Ris pronounced fot fs Note: The word are is often pronounced fa! or far. (See Unit 40) HES How to make the sound /a/ [Pea '« /a/ isa short sound. Look at the diagram. Listen and then | say the sound. Open your mouth wide. Target sounds /x/ | HED Sound and spelling > + /s/is usually spelled u, but sometimes ou or o. Listen and taeda say these words. — bus colour come cup front London luck Monday month mother much nothing number run study sun uncle under Note: The words son and sun have the same pronunciation. ‘Note: The number one is pronounced /wan/. Qi stecnwstser deren, 1 Good luck with your exam next month! 2 Take the number one bus. 3 I said ‘Come on Monday’, not ‘Come on Sunday’. 4 My brother's studying in London. eles lps ‘254 Some people, especially in the north of England, say Jo instead of /»/. Listen to the same sentences, woortant this time with Jo. or vstenina) 16 Enlth Pronunciation in Use (lementar)43 na 44 Section A Sounds and sping Exercises Usten and write the words in the correct column, ‘artist garden March part square talk warm watch words with fa:/ words with other vowel sounds Bate. Check with the Key. Then listen again and repeat. Listen and write the words in the corect column. ‘business country fun home lots money mother _ push words with /s/ words with other vowel sounds ote business. CCheck with the Key Then listen again and repeat. Complete the sentences with one yord and one /a/ word. butter carpet dark hard husband love Prague son 1 The —bubte’s._ roo —.. 2 spect buy tt woe at 3 Their — 4 first met my —— Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen again and repeat. Listen and circle the word you hear. Check with the Key If any of these are difficult for you, go to Section £3 Sound pairs for more practice. 1 heart /hat (> sound pair 7) 2 far! four (sound pair 8) 3 cat lout (sound pair 9) 4 Took /Iuck (> sound pair $) $ luck lock _(-» sound pair 10) 6 butter / better (> sound pair 18) [Englth Pronunciation in Use (Elementary) 75 A dog in the corner [o/ and /s:/ How to make the sound /o/ FD tr raecs QB « lof isa short sound. Look at the diagram. Listen and say oo: ‘ pen. the sound. Round your lips a litle. The front of your pee Ss tongue is low and towards the back of your mouth. LS ‘Target sound: /od f r. es rr HEED —_ Sound and spel + Jol is usually spelled o, and sometimes a. Listen and repeat. bottle box chocolate clock coffee copy cost cross doctor dog gone got holiday hospital hot job lock long lost lot not off often possible shop song sorry stop top wrong quality want wash wasn't watch what AX Wate The word coughs pronounced il Note: The word was is sometimes pronounced with Jo. (See Unit 40) GB + Now listen and say these sentences. jaw down} 1 Have you got a lot of shopping? 3 How much did your holiday cost? 2 John’s gone to the shops. 4 She said the coffee wasn't very good, but I thought it was. (0° Mast Americans pronounce these words differenty, sten. beportant 1 Have you got a lot of shopping? = 3. How much did your holiday cost? ‘for listening) 2 John's gone to the shops. 4 She said the coffee wasn't very good, but | thought it was. HES How to make the sound /2:/ LP =| (3 « Jou isa long sound. Look at the diagram. Listen and say om > tm the sound. Round your lips more than for //. Target . oS sound: fi/ = \ instore =D Sound and spelling Jou) has different spellings. Listen and say these words. —— a all ball call fall all ar quaner warm wall water or bom comer fory horse al cakewalk shor: sor: au aucun oor door floor aw saw ore before more augh caught daughter taught our four ‘ough bought though: ‘3te © Now listen and say these phrases. 1 quarer past four 4 walking on water 2. bor in aucun 5 the fourth door on the four floor 3 have some more °°" When there is a letter r after /o:/, most Americans, Scots and trish, and some other English speakers iuportan pronounce this. Usten, or listening) 4 quarter past four 3 have some more 5 the fourth door on the fourth floor 2.bom in autumn 4 walking on water 18 English Pronunciation in Use (Elementary)5.1 ss 5.2 ® 5.3 Section A Sounds and speing Exercises ‘Write these words. EXAMPLE /boks/ ....ox._. i 3 /wont! ee PE tes 2igon/ -. 4fwontid/ CRE remem: Listen to check your answers. Check with the Key. Then listen again and repeat. Listen and complete the dialogues with these /o words. box chocolates clock doctor gone got holiday on stopped what what Check with the Key. Then listen again and repeat. What time iit? Write the undertined verbs inthe past tense. EXAMPLE ‘We buy everything at the supermarket. 4 I think about you every day. 2 We always walk home from school. + We always. home from echool. 3 atch the frst bus in the morning. the frst bus in the morning. 4 My daughter teaches English, + My daughter Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat. ‘everything at the supermarket. “about you every day. Write the names of the things in the picture, (hey all have fo) or /o:,) Examen: —_LbotHe._ Check with the Key. Listen and write the missing /o/ and /o:/ words. This is our kitchen. On the table there's a big — wine and some... and pepper. There's a —. ‘sasleep in the comer behind the full of shopping, a. of on the... and the ‘Check with the Key, Then listen and speak together with the recording. Listen and circle the word you heat. Check with the Key If any of these are dificult for you, go to Section E3 Sound pairs for more practice. 1 not | note (~ sound pair 11) 4 shot! short (> sound pair 13) 2 Ick! lock —_(-> sound pair 10) 5 walk / work (> sound pair 14) 3 coat! caught (> sound pair 12) Engish Pronunciation in Use (Elementary) 9