Rake Receiver and UGC NET Bureau

Hirender#1 , Dahiya#2, Technology#3

#1
Department, ECE MDU University Grants Commision
#2
Department, ECEFY MDU University
#3
Departments, EFY MDU University

Rohtak Haryana INDIA

1
[email protected]

Abstract— If in a mobile radio channel reflected waves arrive A. Exploratory Data Analysis
with the small relative time delays, self-interference occurs. Direct In the repositories vast amount of information’s
sequence (DS) spread spectrum is often claimed to have particular
properties that makes it less vulnerable (susceptible) to multipath are available. This data mining task will serve the
reception. In particular the rake receiver architecture allows an two purposes
optimal combining of energy received over paths with different. It
avoids wave cancellation (fades) if delayed paths arrive with phase I. Without the knowledge for what the customer is
differences and appropriately weighs signals coming in with searching , then
different signal to noise ratios. II. It analyse the data

Keywords—Bluetooth, SRWC (Short Range Wireless

These techniques are interactive and visual to the
Communication) radio. customer.
I. INTRODUCTION
B. Exploratory Data Analysis
If in a peripatetic broadcasting conduit revealed
influences attain using the insignificant qualified 451 Your paper must use a page size
stint deferments, identity prying ensues. Direct corresponding to A4 which is 210mm (8.27") wide
sequence (DS) spread spectrum is often claimed to and 297mm (11.69") long.
have particular properties that makes it less C.
vulnerable (susceptible) to multipath reception. In The margins must be set as follows:
particular the rake receiver architecture allows an  Top = 19mm (0.75")
optimal combining of energy received over paths  Bottom = 43mm (1.69")
with different. It avoids wave cancellation (fades)  Left = Right = 14.32mm (0.56")
if delayed paths arrive with phase differences and Your weekly paper must be in two column format
appropriately weighs signals coming in with with a space of 4.22mm (0.17") between columns.
different signal to noise ratios.
III. PAGE STYLE
II. PROCESS IN RAKE RECEIVER
All paragraphs must be indented. All paragraphs
The rake receiver consists of multiple correlators, must be justified, i.e. both left-justified and right-
in which the receive signal is multiplied by time justified.
shifted versions of a locally generated code
sequence. The intention is to separate signals such A. Text Font of Entire Document
that each finger only sees signals coming in over a Newsletter . Type 3 fonts must not be used.
single resolvable path. The spreading code is Other font types may be used if needed for special
chosen to have a very small auto correlation value purposes.
for any non-zero time offset. This avoids cross talk Recommended font sizes are shown in Table 1.
between fingers. In practice the situation is less B. Title and Author Details
ideal. It is not the full periodic autocorrelation that Title must be in 24 pt Regular font. Author name
determines the crosstalk between signals in differen must be in 11 pt Regular font. Author affiliation

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must be in 10 pt Italic. Email address must be in 9 letter followed by a period. For example, see heading “C.
pt Courier Regular font. Section Headings” above.
3) Level-3 Heading: A level-3 heading must be indented,
TABLE I
in Italic and numbered with an Arabic numeral followed by a
FONT SIZES FOR PAPERS right parenthesis. The level-3 heading must end with a colon.
The body of the level-3 section immediately follows the level-
Font The power drive ( New Renault DUSTER) 3 heading in the same paragraph. For example, this paragraph
Size Regular Bold Italic
begins with a level-3 heading.
8 table caption (in reference item
Small Caps), (partial) D. Figures and Tables
figure caption,
reference item Figures and tables must be centered in the
9 author email address abstract abstract heading column. Large figures and tables may span across
(in Courier), body (also in Bold)
cell in a table
both columns. Any table or figure that takes up
10 level-1 heading (in level-2 heading, more than 1 column width must be positioned either
Small Caps), level-3 heading, at the top or at the bottom of the page.
paragraph author affiliation Graphics may be full color. All colors will be
11 Amby
24 title retained on the CDROM. Graphics must not use
stipple fill patterns because they may not be
All title and author details must be in single- reproduced properly. Please use only SOLID FILL
column format and must be centred. colors which contrast well both on screen and on a
Every word in a title must be capitalized except black-and-white hardcopy, as shown in Fig. 1.
for short minor words such as “a”, “an”, “and”,
“as”, “at”, “by”, “for”, “from”, “if”, “in”, “into”,
“on”, “or”, “of”, “the”, “to”, “with”.
Author details must not show any professional
title (e.g. Managing Director), any academic title
(e.g. Dr.) or any membership of any professional
organization (e.g. Senior Member IJCSITRE).
Job name (e.g. John A.K. Smith).
Each affiliation must include, at the very least,
the name of the company and the name of the
country where the author is based (e.g. Causal
Productions Pty Ltd, Australia). Fig. 1 A sample line graph using colors which contrast well both on screen
Email address is compulsory for the and on a black-and-white hardcopy

corresponding author.
C. Section Headings Fig. 2 shows an example of a low-resolution
image which would not be acceptable, whereas Fig.
No more than 3 levels of headings should be
3 shows an example of an image with adequate
used. All headings must be in 10pt font. Every
resolution. Check that the resolution is adequate to
word in a heading must be capitalized except for
reveal the important detail in the figure.
short minor words as listed in Section III-B.
Please check all figures in your paper both on
1) Level-1 Heading: A level-1 heading must be in Small screen and on a black-and-white hardcopy. When
Caps, centered and numbered using upper Cash Voucher |
Candidate Copy e Roman numerals. For example, see
you check your paper on a black-and-white
heading “III. Page Style” of this document. The two level-1 hardcopy, please ensure that:
headings which must not be numbered are  the colors used in each figure contrast well,
“Acknowledgment” and “References”.  the image used in each figure is clear,
2) Level-2 Heading: A level-2 heading must be in Italic,  all text labels in each figure are legible.
left-justified and numbered using an uppercase alphabetic E. Figure Captions

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 Figures must be numbered using Arabic G. Page Numbers, Headers and Footers
numerals. Figure captions must be in 8 pt Regular Page numbers, headers and footers must not be
font. Captions of a single line (e.g. Fig. 2) must be used.
centered whereas multi-line captions must be
H. Links and Bookmarks
justified (e.g. Fig. 1). Captions with figure numbers
must be placed after their associated figures, as All hypertext links and section bookmarks will be
shown in Fig. 1. removed from papers during the processing of
papers for publication. If you need to refer to an
Internet email address or URL in your paper, you
must type out the address or URL fully in Regular
font.

Fig. 2 Example of an unacceptable low-resolution image

Fig. 3 Example of an image with acceptable resolution

F. Table Captions
Tables must be numbered using uppercase
Roman numerals. Table captions must be centred
and in 8 pt Regular font with Small Caps. Every
word in a table caption must be capitalized except
for short minor words as listed in Section III-B.
Captions with table numbers must be placed before
their associated tables, as shown in Table 1.

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I. References Word templates are self-contained. Causal
On Priming. All reference items must be in 8 pt Productions has used its best efforts to ensure that
font. Please use Regular and Italic styles to the templates have the same appearance.
distinguish different fields as shown in the Bur-foot
References section. Number the reference items
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
consecutively in square brackets (e.g. [1]).
When referring to a reference item, please simply The heading of the Acknowledgment section and
use the reference number, as in [2]. Do not use the References section must not be numbered.
“Ref. [3]” or “Reference [3]” except at the Causal Productions wishes to acknowledge
beginning of a sentence, e.g. “Reference [3] shows Michael Shell and other contributors for developing
…”. Multiple references are each numbered with and maintaining the IJCSITRE LaTeX style files
separate brackets (e.g. [2], [3], [4]–[6]). which have been used in the preparation of this
Examples of reference items of different template. To see the list of contributors, please
categories shown in the References section include: refer to the top of file IJCSITRETran.cls in the
 example of a book in [1] IJCSITRE LaTeX distribution.
 example of a book in a series in [2] REFERENCES
 example of a journal article in [3] [1] JPL’s wireless communication reference website Chapter Analog and
 example of a conference paper in [4] Digital Transmission Section CDMA wireless communication.
[2] J. Breckling, Ed., The Analysis of Directional Time Series:
 example of a patent in [5] Applications to Wind Speed and Direction, ser. Lecture Notes in
 example of a website in [6] Statistics. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 1989, vol. 61.
[3] S. Zhang, C. Zhu, J. K. O. Sin, and P. K. T. Mok, “A novel ultrathin
 example of a web page in [7] elevated channel low-temperature poly-Si TFT,” IJCSITRE Electron
 example of a databook as a manual in [8] Device Lett., vol. 20, pp. 569–571, Nov. 1999.
[4] M. Wegmuller, J. P. von der Weid, P. Oberson, and N. Gisin, “High
 example of a datasheet in [9] resolution fiber distributed measurements with coherent OFDR,” in
 example of a master’s thesis in [10] Proc. ECOC’00, 2000, paper 11.3.4, p. 109.
[5] R. E. Sorace, V. S. Reinhardt, and S. A. Vaughn, “High-speed digital-
 example of a technical report in [11] to-RF converter,” U.S. Patent 5 668 842, Sept. 16, 1997.
 example of a standard in [12] [6] (2002) The IJCSITRE website. [Online]. Available:
http://www.IJCSITRE.org/
[7] M. Shell. (2002) IJCSITREtran homepage on CTAN. [Online].
IV. CONCLUSIONS Available: http://www.ctan.org/tex-
The version of this template is V2. Most of the archive/macros/latex/contrib/supported/IJCSITREtran/
[8] FLEXChip Signal Processor (MC68175/D), Motorola, 1996.
formatting instructions in this document have been [9] “PDCA12-70 data sheet,” Opto Speed SA, Mezzovico, Switzerland.
compiled by Causal Productions from the [10] A. Karnik, “Performance of TCP congestion control with rate
feedback: TCP/ABR and rate adaptive TCP/IP,” M. Eng. thesis, Indian
IJCSITRE LaTeX style files. Causal Productions Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, Jan. 1999.
offers both A4 templates and US Letter templates [11] J. Padhye, V. Firoiu, and D. Towsley, “A stochastic model of TCP
Reno congestion avoidance and control,” Univ. of Massachusetts,
for LaTeX and Microsoft Word. The LaTeX Amherst, MA, CMPSCI Tech. Rep. 99-02, 1999.
templates depend on the official IJCSITREtran.cls [12] Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer
(PHY) Specification, IJCSITRE Std. 802.11, 1997.
and IJCSITREtran.bst files, whereas the Microsoft

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