Posselt Diagram
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ScribdTranslationsNEUROPHISIOLOGY OF OCCLUSION
Student: Gisselle Pantoja Chazatar
First semester resident of Orthodontics and Maxillary Orthopedics
Presented to: Dr. Jaime Alberto Dussan Giraldo
POSSELT DIAGRAM
The Posselt diagram explains very clearly the lateral projection of borderline mandibular
movements during tooth contact, maximum opening, maximum retrusion, maximum
protrusion, edge-to-edge contact and maximum intercuspation. When expressing these
movements, the mandible draws a horn-shaped diagram.
Normally the maximum opening should be
between 45 to 55 mm and the posterior
border movements are 20 to 25 mm. These
correspond to movements where the
mandible does not change its axis of rotation,
this distance is limited.
Point number 1 is the position in centric
relation or postural position, in this the
condyle within the glenoid cavity is in its most
posterior, superior position (determined
thanks to the direction of loading of the
masseter and temporalis muscles) and
average possible. (thanks to the loading
internal pterygoid muscle). There is no dental contact. There is relaxation of the external
pterygoids and recovery of the length of the posterior ligament of the disc that is pulled
when opening. The CR has a very close relationship with position number 2 which
corresponds to centric occlusion, the small simple movement from 1 to 2 is the change
from CR to centric occlusion or maximum intercuspation which is determined by the
engagement of all the teeth in a fully dentate patient, in a partially dentate patient but with
a stable occlusion the centric relation also coincides with the maximum intercuspation, it
varies when neither of the two meets and the patient is edentulous. If we move from
number 2 to number 3 (or 6 in image #2) This movement corresponds to maximum
protrusion, that is, from CR, passing through centric occlusion, a slight mandibular descent
is produced through condylar rotation supported by the genihyoid muscle and
Subsequently, a translation of the condyles forward and downward, supported by the
external pterygoid muscles, the simultaneous contraction of the two fascicles determines
the forward projection of the mandible, which is kept elevated by the action of the
temporalis, the part of the depression. or plateau corresponds to the edge to edge, where
the jaw has to descend so that the lower incisors pass under the upper incisors, if from
that movement it limits where the jaw can no longer (maximum protrusion), I make an
opening maximum we will go to the number 5 (or 7 in image #2) which corresponds to the
maximum opening and this causes the condyle to leave the axis of rotation (condylar
rotation) and then move on an axis of translation, partially leaving the cavity glenoid and is
placed under the eminence of the temporal bone (condylar translation), in addition at this
point of the opening the temporomandibular ligaments are tense, achieving an anterior and
inferior translation of the condyles. The muscles involved are the external pterygoids
(upper: pulls the disc, lower: pulls the condyle), genihyoids, mylohyoids, and anterior belly
of the digastric; If after this maximum opening we bring the mandible to the posterior
border movement, it is an unusual movement but it corresponds to a maximum retrusion
that corresponds to the number 6 (or 9 in image #2, a movement antagonistic to the
protrusion) it is produced by the action of the temporalis muscle. and the posterior belly of
the digastric, this is done when prosthesis treatments are being done, to obtain the
appropriate position to place it and so that it remains in a harmonious occlusion, the
number 4 (or 8 in image #2) corresponds to a closure no maximum retrusion. In conclusion
and detailing the Posselt diagram in more detail we have:
Centric relationship 2- 1
Max. intercuspation 2
T
O
Contact upper lingual 3
7
edge to edge
4
Anterior sliding and
posterior contact 5 Maximum 6 Posterior T
bordering
movements
