Scribd
Upload
36 views12 pages

Mech371 Lecturenote4

Uploaded by

houzay00
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
36 views12 pages

Mech371 Lecturenote4

Uploaded by

houzay00
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12
) 2.6 BLOCK DIAGRAM MODELS x Block olcagram of dC motor, Single Input Single Output (5150) output = | 4- aE 1s) —Kin __ Ypts) S(Ts+bUl¢s+Re) x Two- Input two- ouput System, (MIMO) Ris)_Tgts opts po {et yes) Yeo] f Guls) Geol vol Yts)| Gals) Gaal} L Rel? r= GR MIMO : nuttple Tipu Multiple Oidputs. The . block diagram can be reduced by block aliagram leduction fechnigites toa Siinplefied blook ohingsom, <2) TABLE 2.8 Block Diagram Transformations Transformation Original Diagram Equivalent Diagram LEP LOL 1. Combining blocks in Gs) 2} Gas 1G Combining fem Pete fee fee, Poe 2. Moving a summing point behind a block 3. Moving a pickoff point ahead of a block 4, Moving a pickoft point behind a block 5. Moving a summing point ahead of a block 6. Eliminating a feedback loop od erame: Find the fronfer farcton 57 # of the following feed back covtrol al ¥63) GG, 1= GH, a bs -f | 2 x 0 HM Stepc: eliminate the inner Loop He/y + COG, < a os IPL Gaunt Ger, M8) © STEP D: Reduce the (rep contedning Ha Re) GiOGsGe Xs) Ct HCO GGG] @ 2.7 sxqwal - Flow GRAPH Moves. 10 mplex iner relationship of system, leads to cumbersome and often oléfficulty block diagram reduction. provedure —~ Mason signal - flow graph. method, fective arel witht reduction feohnepues, Branch — unidirectional path segment o—4_, 9 HS), pe motor. Sova flow graph, Node — Japut and output points or junctions, Pe) Path ~ a branch oF a sepuetce of brasches thet fravere frm one signal Ao another signal (node) Lovp ~ a Cleseol poth. that oreginates ard terminates on the same node, Non-toughing ~ No common nade, tn) Mason's Signal flow goin formula. J; = —ePuedae. J A Tij Transfer function between Gutput %j ard input xy A: determinant of the graph Pojes kth path from cupt Li to ounce Xj Aik: Gfactr of the path Poig, determinant with Laps : touchig, Me kth path removed. 4 A= l-E lye Zylnly -Zhplele t- lg CHUA the value of the gee loop transiacthur, A= I= (Sum of alll diferout Loop gains) + (sum of the gain products of all combinations of two nontoucing (ys) — (Sum of the gain products of all combinations of three vordbuchig Lops) t+ -- +> Exampl 4, Find athe trassfer finetion of Block lingam Fig. Solution: 1. Drow the signal flo diagrams, te bus) 2. Loops, Li = -GrGsHe JLp= GG Hy 13 2GiGs GsGuts AL. loops are touching with each other A= I (thet) Feedforward pats, Pur = Be eOsGy. nnd ee) 4 t Lye . WW. eine GiGGs Gy aay: Gli Gea Phay Gis tudion cs He same as le One aie block Vedustion wetted, Exompl2. Find -tramefor function, off syste. in Fipure 2.28 fet Bet Sui, — The sipual - few graph in Fie ag: os oguivelet “te we dock dagttmn, Qn Ris), YO Ra) is a 0s Bat RB e us) o—> ts) @ Loops: 1 =Qn 1, = Az - . Cada vee Sum of three Loops and nostonolieg leeps, A= | élite) rhb =I[- Qu - Oar- Qu On On Are, Feedferweel pak From Rus) to Te E Amz |e = “ : Eras [is | of. i Feed foruad Pat fame 2, to Vi, Ly des nt tonsh Feattnnd pi Pu2 4. du=4| liz0 = In 5.Y. betes Ly=0 hacen Ra a Thus, t = fe Re Guta Bea ly Gee Simbel Ye = ZPekdny - 021 Re 4 4a Yo. ZPinaig Ri a Since the path fom Ri > FF has fo touching point with 12 =Qxz, the cofuctr dleterininat Ay= |- Ary Thus fn. [-Crde) [An R a alee Find the rons tatie of f Alms block dian _Gs)= Het 5, +. Ga) + + + HO we) A 29) = z +, m+ 610 pol ow Gx) Ko Me Tle Ty" ; 4) @ @ Solution: Drow ° eee flow graph: i Gi= = PunAr A Lows : Li= GHz, Li= Gals Ls= Gotle, p= Gr.Hty Fewdforwd path: REL P= Gi Ge Gay hee Pa = Ge Ge G Ge 4 2 {-L 4-1 tCLrls thy tL Hl ae lg tieeanee gs tens Cofacer of deterinat: f= Ielytetiole C Remate the (ops touching Pow, whish xe Ly, La, in the oletorounass Set Ll.eo ot A, d,= ‘Ate, tro] cofetter of dletormast, 42=I- Li-Lathla Set Ls-0,Le=0, =A (t,20, L420) There fore the transfer function Xt ; Gtsd= we. GuGo6sGuCl-Ls duajl¢ , GobeGnGe Cobia thle 4 A NULLIUS HLNAAS Io Sweysns [O4Uo WepOY) Prey “A tena porsoop £747 47 yomey 408 Soop $7 Bp rpi679'D SH- 287 717 EH 24] WRIST cr Ayn 287 DDH =) OHH =A MOTH 27 SNED*HA-='7 “Out EH eoquesg UOSIESY 800Z @ IUBAdOD €€-Z0 :ounbi4 {4 — FIGURE 2.33, Mattiple-loop system. Chapter 2 Mathematical Models of Systems. EXAMPLE 2.11 ‘Transfer function of a complex system Finally, we shall consider a reasonably complex system that would be difficult to re- duce by block diagram techniques. A system with several feedback loops and feed- forward paths is shown in Figure 2.33. The forward paths are PH GGGGGsG5 P= GG,GG,, and Py = G,G,G;G,G,. ‘The feedback loops are p Ly = —G,G:G,GsHa, 1, =-GsGelh, 1, =-Gglh, Ly = —Gy HG, Ls=—GsHy Lg = —GyG2G3G4GsGgHs, — L, = —G,GyG,GeH3, and Lg = —G,G,G;G.Gek. Loop Ls does not touch loop L, or loop Ly, and loop L; does not touch loop L4; but all other loops touch. Therefore, the determinant is A=1~ (Ly + Lot Ly t Ly t Ly + Lg + Ly + Ly) + (Ugly + Lyla + Loy). (2.103) ‘The cofactors are A,=A3=1 and Ap =1-1,=14+ Gh Finally, the transfer function is Xs) 1(6) = 2 A+ Pel + Be (2.104) » R(s) A Signal-flow graphs and Mason’s signal-flow gain formula may be used prof- itably for the analysis of feedback control systems, electronic amplifier circuits, sta- tistical systems, and mechanical systems, among many other examples.

You might also like