https://www.d-teqsolutions.
com/
Code Review for The Laravel Project
Date: 28/07/2023
General Overview:-
A Laravel code review is a thorough examination of the Laravel PHP framework-based
application's source code to ensure it follows best practices, maintains coding
standards, and adheres to security guidelines. The review aims to identify potential bugs,
performance bottlenecks, and architectural issues, while also assessing code readability
and maintainability. It helps improve the overall quality of the codebase and ensures the
application is efficient, secure, and scalable.
Review Checklist:
1. Security Assessment Summary:
During the code review, we thoroughly examined the back office codebase for
potential security vulnerabilities. We are pleased to report that no SQL injection
vulnerabilities were detected, as there were no instances of raw MySQL queries
used in the application.
However, we did not find any extra middleware to sanitize user input. To enhance
security, we recommend implementing input validation and sanitization
techniques. You can refer to the following guide for best practices on preventing
XSS exploits in Laravel:
https://www.cloudways.com/blog/prevent-laravel-xss-exploits/
Regarding Laravel's built-in security features, it appears that your backend is
developed using Lumen version 9, which doesn't support CSRF protection out of
the box. Though the codebase contains references to the VerifyCsrfToken
middleware, it may have been copied from Laravel, and Lumen requires a different
approach to configure middleware for CSRF support.
https://gitlab.com/bgfs_laravel_lms/bgfs-laravel-lms/-/blob/backend/app/Http/Kern
el.php
To ensure the highest level of security, we advise considering additional security
measures and making the necessary adjustments based on the specific
requirements and constraints of the Lumen framework. If you have any further
questions or concerns, please feel free to discuss them with our team. Your
application's security is of utmost importance to us, and we are here to assist you
in any way we can.
2. Performance Improvement Overview:
During our evaluation of your application's performance, we identified specific
areas that can be optimized to enhance the user experience without delving into
technical complexities to save time. Here are the some points we discovered:
Inefficient Data Retrieval: Currently, all three buttons trigger the same endpoint, resulting
in the retrieval of all course data, including unnecessary details like lessons and
syllabus. As the data grows, this approach consumes more memory and leads to longer
waiting times for users.
Optimize Category Selection: When users click on a category, the application currently
calls the same endpoint again, redundantly loading all course data. To address this
inefficiency, we suggest implementing a smarter approach that avoids reloading identical
information. By making this change, you can provide users with a more seamless and
swift experience when exploring different categories.
To address these issues and improve overall application performance, we recommend
the following solutions:
Optimize Data Fetching: Modify the implementation to fetch only the essential data
needed to display the count when any button is clicked. This approach will reduce
memory consumption and significantly improve response times, providing a
smoother user experience.
Smart Category Selection: Implement a smarter approach that avoids reloading all
course data when a category is selected. By doing so, users will experience faster
category loading times and a more seamless browsing experience.
3. Coding Standards Review Summary:
During the comprehensive coding standards review, our team ensured compliance with
industry-standard PHP-FIG PSR-1, PSR-2, and PSR-12 coding standards. We carefully
examined various aspects, including naming conventions for classes, methods,
variables, and overall code indentation and formatting.
As a result of our analysis, we found some inconsistencies in the application codebase.
While the majority of the methods followed the camel case naming convention, there
were instances where the snake case convention was used. This variation in naming
conventions was observed throughout the project.
Understand the importance of maintaining consistent coding standards, as it contributes
to better code readability, maintainability, and collaboration within development teams.
To address this, we recommend implementing a consistent naming convention for all
methods, ensuring adherence to the chosen standard throughout the entire project.
4. Error Handling Review Summary:
We have conducted a thorough review of your application's error handling mechanisms
to ensure exceptions are handled appropriately and gracefully. Additionally, we checked
for clear error messages that aid in debugging potential issues.
We are pleased to inform you that our evaluation found no issues with the error handling
in your application. The exception handling is well-implemented, and error messages are
clear and informative, making it easier to identify and address any potential problems
that may arise during the application's operation.
5. Testing Review Summary:
As part of our thorough evaluation, we examined the testing approach of your
application. Regrettably, we found that there are currently no unit test cases in place.
Unit testing is a critical aspect of software development, ensuring the reliability and
correctness of individual code units. By not having comprehensive unit tests, there may
be a risk of undetected issues and challenges in maintaining the application's stability
and performance.
To address this, we strongly recommend implementing a robust unit testing strategy that
covers essential components and functionalities. This approach will help identify
potential bugs early in the development process and enhance the overall quality of your
application.
6. Security Review Summary:
As part of our rigorous security evaluation, we assessed your application's security
measures to identify potential vulnerabilities. Our team discovered areas that require
attention to strengthen the overall security of your system.
Sensitivity of Information: During our analysis, we noticed instances where sensitive
information could potentially be leaked in logs or error messages. To address this, we
recommend implementing data sanitization techniques to ensure sensitive data remains
confidential and protected from inadvertent disclosure.
Dataset Exposure: Some endpoints were observed to pass entire datasets in responses,
which may inadvertently expose sensitive data. To prevent this, we advise implementing
stricter controls over data exposure and only sharing the necessary information with the
appropriate users.
7. Dependency Management Review Summary:
As part of our comprehensive assessment, we thoroughly evaluated the dependency
management practices in your application. Our focus areas included the usage of
Laravel's service container and dependency injection, as well as the status of your
project's dependencies.
However, during our review, we identified one dependency that remains outdated.
Keeping dependencies current is vital to mitigate potential security risks and maintain
optimal performance. Additionally, we encountered issues related to PSR-4 autoloading
and a naming convention problem during the migration process.
To address these concerns and enhance the security and stability of your application, we
recommend the following actions:
Update Outdated Dependency: Ensuring all dependencies are up-to-date is essential for
maintaining a secure and efficient application. We stand ready to assist you in updating
the specific dependency to address any potential vulnerabilities.
Resolve PSR-4 Autoload and Naming Convention Issues: Resolving the PSR-4
autoloading and naming convention problems will foster consistency and improve the
maintainability of your codebase.
Error in migration
Feedback and Recommendations:
URL Structure Improvement (Source:
https://developers.google.com/search/docs/crawling-indexing/url-structure#:~:text=Cons
ider%20using%20hyphens%20to%20separate,(%20_%20)%20in%20your%20URLs
):
The current URL structure in the application uses underscores to separate words in
URLs. It is advisable to follow industry best practices and replace underscores with
hyphens. This approach will enhance search engine indexing, making URLs more
SEO-friendly and user-readable. By adopting this URL structure, your application can
potentially rank better in search results and provide a more intuitive user experience.
Notification Timing Optimization:
In the current implementation, notifications are being
sent before performing the primary operation. To ensure the accuracy and relevance of
notifications, it is recommended to perform the primary operation first and then trigger
the notifications. This optimization will ensure that users receive notifications based on
updated and accurate information, enhancing their overall experience with the
Application.
Perform the primary operation before sending the notification:
In our application, it is essential to prioritize the saving of records (updating the school
status) as the primary operation, and sending notifications (emails) should be treated as
a secondary action. Currently, the code executes the notification feature before
completing the record saving process, which has caused issues when the notification
feature encounters errors, leading to the interruption of the record-saving process.
To address this concern, we propose a solution that leverages Laravel's with() method.
By using with(), we can optimize the code execution and avoid the need for a
cumbersome loop when sending notifications. This approach ensures that the saving of
records is handled as a priority, and notifications are processed in a streamlined and
efficient manner, separately from the primary operation.
1. Redundant Endpoints:
The current structure consists of more than 100 endpoints, each dedicated to
specific user types (admins, instructors, and students). This approach leads to
redundancy and complexity, necessitating changes in multiple endpoints when
improvements are required.
Existing structure is
/admin/course/get_allcourse
/instructors/course/get_allcourse
/student/course/get_allcourse
2. Streamlined Endpoint Structure:
To optimize the implementation, we propose a streamlined approach. By
introducing a unified endpoint, such as /course/get_allcourse, we can
efficiently cater to all user types dynamically. This approach eliminates the need
for maintaining multiple endpoints, simplifying updates and minimizing redundant
code.
3. Business Logic in Controllers:
Presently, the business logic is tightly coupled with the controllers, with each
controller catering to a specific user type. This design pattern may hinder
scalability and make it challenging to manage future changes to the business
logic.
4. Centralized Service for Business Logic:
To address this limitation, we recommend implementing a centralized service to
handle the business logic independently of user types. A centralized service will
streamline maintenance and facilitate easy updates to the business logic without
modifying multiple controllers. This approach enhances the application's
adaptability and maintainability.
Something like this:
