VERYSHORT ANSWERTYPE Carrying 1 mark Yy is the use of Gaussian surface? 3. How do the ex ‘Answer. It is used to easily compute the electric field a sheet of chat intensities due to certain charge systems or charged ae The fi bodies: where use of Coulomb's law is quite difficult. that due to she 2. A Gaussian surface is chosen to obtain an expression 4. The unit of ek for the electric field at a point due toa given charge the unit of eler configuration. It is a closed surface. State one essential Answer. The el property of such 2 chosen Gaussian surface. % (ISC 2003) normal to an & Answer. The Gaussian surface should pass through the -~ Unit of Of! point at which electric field is required.contribution from all charges while q on the 4negR* HS will have a contribution from qj, q3 and (c) flux through the surface of sphere due to 5Q is , only. non-zero oth E on the LHS and q on the RHS will have U (d) field on the surface of sphere due to -2Q is ontributions from q, and qq only. same everywhere. (NCERT Exemplar 1.12) (NCERT Exemplar 1.4) 13 ck charge Q is situated at the corner A of a cube, the ~ a Wf eléctric flux through the cube is : dS = 0 over a surface, then : J o he electric field inside the surface and on it is zeTO the electric field inside the surface is necessarily uniform the number of flux lines entering the surface must be equal to the number of flux lines leaving it au (b) | none of the above. (NCERT Exemplar 1.8) 6e9 Beo to the arrangement of charges in figure and a Q Q sian surface of radius R with Q at the centre. (c) eo ‘ (d) 2e Ae; pee . AnswersC IVE TYPE Carrying | mark v/ / \drge metallic cube without tone Ning te é Hux emerging Out of the cube ta (a) e/g (b) e/g Ac) vero (d) deriy CK short electric dipole (which ' / ‘consists of two POINT charges, / tq and —q) is place at the ' centre O and inside a large cube (ABCDEFGH) of longi 1, . as shown in figure, The electric 7 flux, emanating through the ' A ~—I . cube iy, 4 ve 1 ”) dnugi (Pdeero — (e) anupt (4 div h (SC 2015) Hint: An electric dipole consints of two charges iq and —q separated by a short distance Arectangular frame of electric field of 20 N 3 10m” is placed in a uniform with normal drawn on the surface of the frame making, 60° angle with the direction of field, The electric flux through the frame iy (a) 100 Vin (b) 200 Vin JA (0) 50/3 vm (d) 100/35 vin. We “closed surface has n electric dipoles located innide // it The net electric flux emerging through the surface - is (a) ne/eg _(b) 26/¢9 (6) 2ne/uy (di) zero, 5. The nucleus of hydro; natom is a sphere of radius 10" m, The electric field at the surface of the nucleus is 104 vin! * 10"? vin! Flectric field intensity £ at a point P (see figure) at a perpendicular distance r from an infinitely tong linear x charge X-X having linear charge density A jy given by &P QuEsTiONs Peay WO point charges (ve) and (-¢) are kept inside a widen Meetrle (SC 2011) (b) 14.4 «10! vin! ! (4) 14.4 « 107 yin t . Hive charges qy, Baa ta) | | | lf A j | Antig | , | Antg pa y, Clowed surtace in VACUO ericlowes char WA The total electrie flux emerging out ot mre| an 1 An wer-| i (a) ver (b) 2q/0q (6) Nq/ug (d) Aang i 8A rectangular "ame of area 10m” ip pla nonin electric Held af 20 N 6! with Hoe On the surface of the frame making 60° angle direction of Held "he electric tay through th nN in? G ! iy (a) 100 () 80/4 (b) 200 @) joo/5, Mux through dhe surface: % The electric | y Cl ) +g ) dy ; (4) in fig. CV) in thy (b) in fig. GHD) iy the leant (c) in fig. Gi) in ann 6 d ‘Tas 1 dg AN dy are a fixed at their Positions ax shown in, [ ieee Tigure s iso Gauuslan susfaee, The |? Gauss’ law in given by) { Bods 4 “0Ce 6 -1 Spee SS - 2.26« 10° Nm? Cc. f0, S00 x10) CoN m epttire closed surface does not depend upon the position of the enclosed charge. ample 2// algilate the electric flux density coming out o f t - Z Solution. The yotal flux through the entire surface of the cube is by = 2.26 x 10° N-m2C-1. Since, all theé faces of the cube are symmetrically situated with respect to the point-charge at the centre, the flex throug i each face is =®;. Now, the area of each face of the cube is A = (9.0 x 19-2 m)2 her Gre iat 6 (flux/area) through any one face of the cube is 16, 2 (2.26 10° N-m2c-}) eee te ee D ra 5 54-05 6 - ide A (9.0 x 107 m)2 x10°N-c}, xample 3.4 29 it-charge produces an electric flux of —] 0 103 pe cl re of radius 10 cm centered on the charge. Comp WNICN passes throughé flux densi vompute the point. us sphere were doufled, how much flux would pass through its surface? Gece — lf the rad sn Solution. By GAuss’ theorem, the electric flux ®, through the surface of the G. * a Ca! a al ®=4/ to, ‘ussian sphere is where gq is net charge enclosed by the sphere. Here, ® = 19 fo = 8.85 x 107)? c? n? m2 (given). i ; x 103 Nem? eo a q = Of &g = (-1.0 x 10°) (8.85 x 107! = -8.85 «10% If the radius of the sphere were doubled, the flux passing through the =~ 8.85 ncGramole VA le 1 0 uC is at tr c Gaussian surface 9.0 cm on edge. Wha elee rface? What 5 not at the centre? (Given : e9 = 8.8 es (ISC 2001) Solution. By Gauss’ theorem, the electric flux &; through the closed surface of the cube will be equal to 1/é9 times the charge q enclosed by the cube, where ¢g is the permittivity of free space (= 8.85 x 1071? c? Nm). Thus,of electric intensity with distance trom the sheet is as shown it the result is strictly true forthe points lying inthe neighourhiood Iectric Field due to Two Infinite Parallel Sheets of Charge two infinite, plane sheets of Positive charge, 1 and 2, are placed parallel to each other in vacuum, or air (Fig. 12). Let ©, and o, be the surface densities of charge on sheets 1 and 2 Tespectively. We know that the magnitude of electric intensity E on either side ‘close’ to a plane sheet of charge of density o is aes 2ey inl E acts perpendicular to th e sheet, directed away from the sheet (if charge is Positive) or t owards the sheet (if charge is negative), - ~ Let E, and Eg be the electric intensities at an Y point due to sheets 1 and 2 outside the sheets, like P', we have E, # Sd 2b9 oa Ey = —2 and 2=5 a Since, E, and Ey are in the same direction, the Magnitude of the resultant by o7 2 iL Ey + By ered Lie ob nn 28 28... deg (7 + 63), away from both At a point in between the sheets, like P, we have E, = Sas (away from 2&5 Sheer Sz and Raven fo (away from sheer Now, £, and £ are oppositely-directed, and so : B= 8, - 2 Sh Be 1 ig oy oe ee 285 “285 ep— > ee nas SWRCASS Of, the Grop ts ooservec to fall with terminal anu” a r2x10- velocty 2x 10° ms .Giveng=98ms",1 E. a So en g=98 ms ", viscosity of the air = 1.8 = ° Ns mi ~ and the density of oil WIG pO) and ¢, (uO) ze = mand t= 40 respec _) aa pom y — 3 mon F-ars xc Pi (43: +2Z7j) x10 < UEE Main 2019) b +g +9 ad - ae placed on diy=+d and y = -24 vespecvely p lecwric field E at 2 poms on the Saree beleowe 25 - Bees Sswh hY 23. Asoap bubble i (a) not change s charged negative. Its size will : (a) K’ (b) increase c) ze (c) decrease 24, Higure be ai) (d) may increase or decrease. electric c Lf he acceleration of electron (mass = 9 x io kg) due following yy / to the mutual attraction between an electron and a proton (charge = 1.6 x 10°!? C) placed 1.6 A apart is : (a) 107° ms? (b) 1074 ms * » (c) 10°? ms? (d) 1077 ms . 25./Awo point charges A and B having values +q and —q / “shen placed at some distance experience Coulomb ft force F. If 25% charge of A is transferred to B, the Coulomb force will become : 16F (a) Th (a) Tp (b) = (b) Th : (c) Th (c) F ay 2k. (d) Thihe number of electrons contained in 1 coulomb of large equals : (a) 6.25 x 10'” (b) 6.25 x 108 (c) 6.25 x 101° (d) 1.6 x 101%. ne ratio of the forces between two tiny bodies with stant charges in air and in an insulating medium ' dielectric constant K is : Meee MK:1 = ([c)1:K* (d)K?:1. 1¢ dielectric constant K of an insulator can be : (a)-1 (b) 0 (c) 0.5 (d) 5. e SI unit of free-space permittivity €p is : (a) N-m? c~? (b) N-m~? c? (c) N“!-m=? c? (d) N>l-m? c-?, e relative permittivity of water is 81. If e9 and ¢ € permittivities of vacuum and water respectively, en: (a) eg =9e, . (c) e, =9 & (b) ep = 81e,, (d) &, = 81 &. (ISC 2013) ve ratio of the gravitational and the electrostatic rees between two electrons at some distance part is : (a)10%° = (b) 10° )~— (c) 107°? (d) 10%. body has a positive charge of 8 x 10°!? C. It has : (a) an excess of 5 electrons (b) a deficiency of 5 electrons (ec) an excecs of 8 electran<« (a) equal forces in same CIrCtN”” (b) forces equal in magnitude (c) equal accelerations in opposite direct (d) accelerations equal in magnitude. : 11. The electric field intensity at a large distance x from an electric dipole is proportional to : @yx (b)1/x? (ce) 1 yA charge placed at a distance from an electric dipole ions (d) 1/x*. J 12¢7 Uy in the end-on position experiences a force F. If the distance be doubled, the force will become : » (a) 2F (b) F/2 (c) F/4 (d) F/8. 13. /Adipole placed in a uniform electric field experiences : (a) only a net force (b) only a torque (c) both a net force and a torque (d) neither force nor torque. A dipole placed in a uniform field with its dipole moment parallel to the field, experiences : (a) only a net force (b) only a torque (c) both (d) neither. ae An electric dipole of moment p placed in a u > 14, 15. electric field E experiences a torque which is ~ 2S > => (a) p-E (c) zero A charged body is moved with some morion * 16.difference between the points is : (a) 2x 10° V (b) 4x 101 Vv (c) 8V (d)1 x10! v, 4. work done in taking a charge q once round circle of radius r and having a charge Q at the centre is : (a) q Q/4ne9r (b) g Q/ 4negr’ ) q Q/4n£& (2 tr) (d) zero. c Mh, the adjoining figure a charge Q is fixed. Another charge q is moved along a circular arc MN of radius r around it, from the point M to the point N such that the length of the arc MN = lL. The work done in this process is : (b) | | 13. (a) zero -(ISC 2016) (c) ofidet 297° 6. The electric field inside a hollow zero. The potential V will vary wit the centre of the sphere as : fa) Ver 2 14. 21 Er charged sphere is h distance r from "oO eee (a) zero (b) everywhere same (c) higher than that waite (d) lower than that on the 12. A point charge ‘q’ is kept at an, equilateral triangle havi Tostatic potential energy 2 34 a aa a (a) (c) Which of the following is potential ? (a) volt (c) newton/coulomb A non-conducting mng of fr a total charge of 2 * 10 on its circumferenet | 4nty a v2 Anig a The total work done depends only on the arrangement of charges a assembled, By definition, this is the total clee (SEramole 2 » alae electros not on how the charges are gy of the system of charges ( late their se) (ISC 2015) Solution. The potential energy of two charge s: ystem Ue 510". aie 2 Putting values, gq) = qg = 10C,r=3m U =9x10" x nie 3x10". perl ae 5 uC, go = 50 pC and gy = 100 uC are kept at the corners A, Ba 5 ABC having each side equal to 7.5 m. Calculate the total electros (ISC 2012) Solution. Mutual potential energy of three charge system; ime 1 Seem cee eal acag ee aetoee ay Here, ry = 123 ="31 = 7-5 mM, q) = 25 x 10°° C, qa = 50 x 10° Cand q3 = 100 x 10°C.— — Qe ee +10" «.2- g* « | Met < G15-% y ” he daa. x O14-x% Soong x= O99 = 9 CB The poential s yoru ot 2 Cistance A 9 ep from the charge 4 V9 fe Crowe it yf wiertial Bh te verte op 2 sauare S BOE JZ 0 Wee Catt Ct on ca nares ZIOPQC, -24 107 Cand +3~+10°C Soiution. TheZistance of the centre from each comer of the square of side J2 misr = 1m. The posenaial (a scalar) at the centre due to the group A chaxges qi, Ix Yo 298 de® 1.(4% .%.%,4 jt 4 yo tlh s+ 24 be t| = ——- eh + Anty tf me Fs aktel gig Wy * Se ( Nem \f : 9.0109 Me |) L \ia41-2+3) 410) = 36 -% 1 3% C ) Im) c c Example “ya the given system of charges given in the adjoining diagram, find the work required to remove the charge + 49 from point P to infinity. Solution. Each side of the square is a. ‘Therefore, the distances AP, BP, CP and DP are each equal to a ' the charges atA, B, C and Dis ee Mow the electric potential’at point P due tofic Potential SOLVED Numerical Problems ‘aap = Vp = Va) fectric Potential and Potential Difference v - *- — eee Grampa Pron crarges 5 x 10-*C and 3 = 10 apart. At what points on the ine joining the two charges is the electric potentia! zer at infinity to be zerd, (NCERT Problem 2.1) Solution. There are two cases (i) point in between the charges and (ii) point outside the charges : (i) Suppose the two charges are at A and B, and the electric potential at a point 0 is zero. Let distance o O from A be x cm, then distance of O from B will be (16 — x) cm. At the point O electric potential is 2ero oa Poms, “Axtg xx10?% = 4 7&9 (16- x) x1 SB i mesilagie oe x (16-x) or 56-0 som or 8x = 80cm x = 10cm. (ii) If point O be outside the charges, then len SelOwe) ot (3x1075) ae 4 xx1072 4%€ (x-16)x10~? 5 or ae x or Yj x = 40cm. Grapple 2. a side 10 cm has a charge 5 uC at each of its vertices. Compute elect ye r e hexago (NCERT Problem 2. Solution. The distance of the centre O of the hexagon from each of its 4 vertices is the same as the side r (say) of the hexagon. The potential at O due to each charge q is q / 4 = £9 r. Therefore, the (scalar) potential due to all the 6 charges is wea Cie 4 ner Putting q = 5 wC = 5x 10. °C,r=10cm=0.1 mand 1/4n€9=9 » 107 N m* C2, we get _ 9x10? Nm?C~7)x6x (5x10 °C) 0.1m 2.7 x 10° V.< "1 VitVo peer (lL. 4ne)\BP AP J 1, (-: BP = AP) Thus, the electric potential is everywhere zero on the equatorial line of a dipole (but intensity is not zero). No work is done in moving a charge along this line. ~ i) ential at any Point //// | Let P (Fig. 10) be a point at a large distance r from the dipole at which /; electric potential is required. Let (r, 0) be the polar coordinates of P. / j Let us join PA and PB and draw AD and BC perpendiculars to OP. Since, r >> 1, we can write BP = CP=OP-OC=r-lcos0 and AP = DP = OP + OD=r+lIcos 8. Now, the potential at P due to the charge + q of the dipole is Vite dS d q i 4ne) BP 4nép (r —1cos®) and that due to the charge — q is tad 1 q : Va 4né AP . 4néq (r +1 cos 8) The resultant potential (a scalar) at P is V=V,+V2Electric Potential ¥= Vy + V2 meet! m1 _ 92 i 1 S oso (.+D-C-) 4neg L(-D (+O) 48 Pe < ere x But 2ql = p (electric dipole moment). o r- Sg Poel yer cine Bae 4neo AB] to 7. Then, the If r is very large as compared to 2I (r >> 21), then can be neglected in comparison e to the electric dipole is potential at the point P du Ve= 1 P volt. ~ Ane r2 uatorial Line of the Dipole uated on the equatorial line of the tO (Fig. 9). The potential at P due dipole AB t a Point on the Eq to the at the point P is sit etre from its mid-poin electric dipole is (ij tential a Now, suppose th at a distance rm charge + q of the 1 q Va ka oane Sap lgetace, BPVQ &o&xoauxw As we have read, an electric dipole is a pair distance. Its moment, known as electric dipole Tres product of a charge and the distance between the cha 8 os the positive charge. Let us determine electric potential due uatorial line and also at any point. i) tential at a Point on the Axis of the Dipole Let AB (Fig. 8) be an electric dipole formed by charges — q and + q coulomb, placed at a small distance 2! metre apart in vacuum (or air). Let P be a point along the dipole-axis at a distance r metre from the mid-point O of the dipole. We need to * determine the electric potential at the point P. The distance of P from the charge + q is (r=) and that from the charge ~q is (r + 1). Therefore, the potential at P due opposite point charges, ph of equal and opr — Plc is a vector p having a magnitudes and a direction pointing from thy o a dipole at a point oni to the charge + q of ined each vgs. Arey (r=) and that due to the charge ~ q is 1 —— _4 4ney (r+) | Vesey Electric potential is a scalar quantity, H i sum of the potentials V; and Vp; that xe € resultant potential V at the point? wil A)aD ee are surface. 6° car lower half of the squ' units associated with the surface 1S : ond (a) zero (b) EL” i - a en (d) igi (Al PMT 2006) hel pre Electric charges +91, — 41 and + 2 are placed in free forc space and S$ is a spherical Gaussian surface. The pro, electric flux passing over the surface S is : (a) (a) due to + qo only (b) due to all the charges (c) zero ( (d) due to positive charges *y ‘ only. (JEE 2004) 1 12 s disc of as a4 having a uniformly in 5. Con: tc arge 6C is placed in the X-Y plane with j ted cons ts centre at in th poe ea 4 fs Z, 0,0). A rod of length a carrying a uniformly qj a Tibuted ee i el ie Oh eeee Por (Sr : a O48, (3 ;]: (AIEEE 2010) ntric metallic spherical shells of radii R, R are given charges Q;, Q2, Q3 respectively. It is ‘ound that the surface charge densities on the outer surfaces of the shells are equal. Then, the ratio of the charges given to the shells Q; : Q2: Q; is: m91:2:3 (b)1:3:5 91:4:°9 (d) 1: 8: 18. (JEE 2009) Charge is distributed within a sphere of radius R with ar A a volume charge density p(r) = 3° a, where A and a are constants. If Q is the total charge of this charge distribution, the radius R is : mS 1 ay eea Capacitors and Dielectrics | 14. Eight mercury drops of equal radii and havin : aT aD to form a big drop. The cag of the big drop, as compared to a smaller drop, is : (a) 2 times (b) 4 times (c) 8 imes (d) 16 times. 15. When a capacitor is charged, the work done in charging is stored as electric potential energy of the capacitor. This energy is stored in : (a) the plates of the capacitor (b) the medium between the plates (c) partially in plates and partially in the medium | the cloud formed around the plates. ing a charge q to a capacitor of capacitance C , energy is W. If the charge is increased to 2 pred energy will be : i (b) 2 Ww 1 —W. @ 7 air-filled 1 pF parallel-plate capacitor. es separation is doubled and the space i x, the capacitance increases to 2 pF. ectric constant of wax is : F (b) 4 s (d) 8. , Uo energy is stored in a charged capacitor. When a Slab of dielectric constant K is introduced in it, its €nergy becomes U, then : (a) U=U, u=Ku, “fe equivalent capacitance of the capacitors shown in the figure across A and B is : (a) 4 uF (b) 2.5 uF () 2uF HAM 495, (d) 0.25 uF equal capacitors connected in series have a 20. Five readin catieare i Tes aloo oe 21 22. 23. (a) 80 joule (b) 16 joule (c) 8 joule (d) 4 joule. ; capacitors of equal capacity C are joined first in parallel and then in series. The ratio of equivalent capacities in both the cases will be : (a)9:1 (b) 6:1 (c)3:1 (d) 1:9. A 10 uF capacitor is charged to 100 V and then the battery is disconnected. When it is connected in parallel to another uncharged capacitor, the common potential difference between the plates is 40 V . The capacitance of the other capacitor is : (a) 15 uF (b) 5 uF (c) 10 uF (d) 16.6 nE A parallel plate capacitor is connected to a battery as shown in Fig. Consider two situations : A: K is kept closed K and plates of capacitors eae aay ved apart using s ing handle. a | ¥ B:Key K is opened and ae ry | | plates of capacitors are moved apart using insulating handle. Choose the correct option(s). (a) In A: Q remains same but C changes (b) In B : V remains same but C changes (c) In A: V remains same and hence Q changes Both Q and V remain unchanged. (d) InB: (NCERT Exemplar 2.13), Material (d) none, 3) A conductor is charged to a Y/ a charge q, the variation of q potential V by imparting figure : with V is represented by Rr dee tect —-y oe spheres in the tw (a) (by ‘ (©) 1: «2 (J) K? 4, y y The equivalent “Apacitance between points A and Bie ‘ ; 7 the given figure would be ; | / 6 ¢ 6 ens = teat f W bly ee (ec) (dy en (a)3¢ (b) C73 The capacity of 4 number of capacitors is minimum in: i (6) 30/2 (9) none, ' (a) parallel) combination ffm *quivalent Ap ACItANCE fy A and Bin (b) series Combination, the given figure would a a | (1 when few of them are connected in seties and ‘ q hers are in alle} 2 i 4 G) rere. - ene ne Zur $s The electric field between the plates of 4 parallel plate ea , taPaCitOn temaing - A ‘ Sur re See te) ae from positive Plate towards the negative apr Os ‘yur : (€) decreases = from positive Plate towards negative (4) 2.5 yup (b) 15 yp (@) rome. () 2.4 up (4) none, " Uo ps SP hn tase A metal Plate of thickness half the 3 (a) size a ae 18 introduced between the Plates Plate Separation (b) shape ’ capacitor. The Capacitance ; - Parallel plate (c) separation between the Plates (® remains a (0) charge om the plates. (©) gets halyay "Red (b) gets do... - The factor which do non attect the “apecitance of » F@es Capactonored ene i s U =-CV* =—-(127«10° F)(300V) = 5.71~10° 2 2 = (300 V) 5.71+10 ~ J. 4-4 — er (50.2013) | aie ae Ke z The equivalent capacitance C dS (= 4 pF) and capacitance C; (= system is C= 4 uF + 20 pF = 24 pE (0 uF) are in parallel. Therefore, the t capacitance of th (i) Cha , and Cz (connected 1 series) are equal and is given by OQ! =Q) = =C'V=4 uF x 100 V = 400 pC. (ii) The charge on Cy is Q,=CaV 20 uF ~ 100 V = 2000 pC. Z s 197 19, y = 442000 uC 100V = 10° WJ = 0.14. Stored energy, U 2C 2 2 mple 46. poiected to a 50 V battery. How much electrostatic energy is Stored (NCERT Problem 2.10) Gxample 3 Solution. The energy stored in the capacitor Here, C= 12 pF=12x10!"F 1S a2x 1071) x (50)? = 1.5 x 10° J. ST 2 CGxample ay/ »y a 200 V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply pF capacitor. How much electrostatic energy is lost in the (NCERT Problem 2.11) Solution. Loss in energy C\ Cg 2 AU = (V, - V2) 2(C, + C2) 0 x 10712 F Cy = 600 x 10° BV = 200 V2 =0, Here C= 600 pF = 60 0-12 600 x 107? x 600 x 1 i 2 (200 - 0)2J = 6x 10°°J. (ati AU = ~~5(600 + 600) x 1077 ply. It is then disconnected from the supply and Ora 4 uf scitor is charged by 200 V sup ne eae > uF capacitor. How much electrostatic energy of the first capacito, is (NCERT Problem 2.27) Ans. 2.67 = 10 J. capacitor has a magnitude equal to S$ CO fost in the form (re oe ectromagnetie radiation ? ——S parallel-piate‘Similarly & *=o7PF Now, capacitance C’ and C” are in parallel between A and B. Hence, the equivalent given by C=C' +0" =S uF + SuF= 10 uF i ¥ capacitan is C,. The same three capacitors are now connect Find the ratio (C,/C,) Solution. When connected in series, n at 1. logshi 48 me c€ CC ae Cc C== When connected in parallel Cp=C+C4+C=3C Therefore, op 3c 9 rE «ad | 3 10,#9:1. eaves Detettine the equivalent capacitanice between A and p's : Yk ur Hl © Network shown below ; Abe rae CG Cy Siriaas ac pr : G% ag as Tretia ay,C'=8+ 12+ 24= 44k (iii) In series combination, the charge is same on all the capacitors (PD's are different) and is given by Q=CV=4uF x 100 V = 400 uC. In parallel combination, the charges on the capacitors are different (PD is same) and are given by Q,=C,V = 8uFx100V = 800 uC, Qo = CoV = 12 pF x 100 V = 1200 pC Q3 = C3V = 24 uF x 100 V = 2400 pC. " rs of 3 uF, 3 pF and 6 uF such that their equivalent capacitance is and Son Solution. Capacitors connected in parallel give maximum equivalent capacitance and in series give minimum equivalent capacitance. Thus, Cmax =3 +3 + 6=12 uF (parallel) hail AL: 2 : and Gs. 3 oe 3heiG.! (6 (series) 6 or Cmin = = = 1-2HF- The required capacitance 5 uF is in between Cyyqx aNd Cypin- Let it be C’. im C'=5pF= 3yF + 2pF = 3nF +|>7—7 |b. Feed 3° 6 Hence, we shall connect 3 pF and 6 pF in series and the remaining 3 uF in parallel of the series combination. Gxample 20. Three capacitor C 3uF, C. 6uF and C 10yF are ea battery as shown in figure. Calculate (i) the equivalent i A apacitance of the circuit betwee points A and B, (ii) the charge o (ISC 2017) r equivalent capacitance Solution. (i) C, and C, are in series, thei ¢K =——= t-d' 3.0mm -2.4mm Series combination, + = 3 V, Combination of Capacitors i IV. ip) n rs Parallel combination, C = d~C.4 = dav =V, iv ial 1 n 39 =q,,V=) V,; Grd = 2 \ Grample 14// (NCERT Problem 2.6) So (a) Let total capacitance of the combination is C, then Pee we pot. iyi bo Ces Cone Cs'S 10:05. 19' Sag. vag or C =3pF =3x1077F, (b) In series, charge on each capacitor is same, hence charge on each capacitor Q=CV=(3x10*F) x (120 V) =3.6 x 107°C. “. potential difference across each capacitor -10 ee aD = 40V. Gy "9 Kor GSrample 15. (NCERT Problem 2.7) “Ss (a) The total capacitance of the combination a C=2+3+4=9pF=9x10 “F. (b) In parallel combination of capacitances the p.d. is same across each capacitor. Hence, af ~10 Charge on Cy, Q) = C, V= (2 10? F) x 100V=2x 10°C. > a, Dy ek ge ee i Te ee os TR Bea ut (0) Incensiry of electric field dve _ a potential Cis’ ; ear ae eae = (a) one joul (b) one electron-wg 2, write the unit of electiie POlsalla' Mite SC 2 fe) Bleceric potential due to an iad wore 5 osc distant point i: i 5 1 a kg mS A. Intensity of electric charged electron is accelerated with a potential diffe Answer. 7 a= poe. pf 500 vok. The speed of the electron will Be: 3, We assume the potential of ON clea nan port. ‘ / : ee v We qmed +100 wok? What wil be the estat 18. The cecrroscaic porential on the surface of a charged (a) 8 «10° mv z mi are measurement of electric posential t spa atts pb HO Tew memes on , 133x1 m/s (d) 1.33 « 10° ms the potential difference benwcen two Pol? im this regard = the measurem 23, Two charged particles of same mat have change Answer. YES, can be assumed, S; - At any point inside the sphere, elecric intensity s J) =a a = 9 espectvey. When ‘he ea —_—Ciéoretiad every point wil be increased By Syme any pie nade the sphere, the elecrostaie fl from res shrough the same poten! et To et carric dipole, what is the loom of : i the ratio of their’ i : ; powearial s 100% Saat’ es ens :2 VY zero povential? a s which of he ‘ilowng ; ; ’ scersiescermne gs ia nm cee ee wm (B) Bork S, and S, are false eo peste pacers of 8 4 snd EE pe em (SS. soe S_ is aon wu ad S, the came ofS, discon (d) + 80 jC. (JEE 2012) in’ par 19. A parallel combination of 01. R attend resistor and a 10 «F capacitor is [ —_— panned acres a 1.5 V source Cc the cha of ne € resistance. The|_ Peay time notice for the capacitor - ms to get charged up to 0.75v is (a) l CV approximately (in seconds) : esi 4 (a) c (b) log, 2 hSy (c) 1 (c) logy 2 (d) zero, 6(iii) aniation of charge q versus | potential difference V for two | capacitors C; and >. Therwo 4) capacitors -have same plate 4 P separation but the plate area. of C, is double than that of i Which of the two graphsP* - and Q correspond to capacitors C, and C, and why? Answer. Q represents C, and P represents C, Reason : From the graph the slope =! = Capacitance. = is larger for the Cz because the area of its plates is large and d for the two capacitors is same Hence, Q represents C> i ' " ao 4. Obcain an expression for equivalent capacitance ¢