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Uts L1

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54 views9 pages

Uts L1

Uploaded by

Kate thily
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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standing the Self Self-identity - combination of personality, traits, abilities, physical attributes, etc.; labels people use t describe themselves + Self-image - the idea one has of his/her abilities, appearance, and personality. + Self-concept - a collection and construction of an individual's thoughts, feelings, and beliefs that he/she holds about himself/herself and the responses about him/her. It is active, dynamic, and adaptive. + Self-esteem — refers to how much you appreciate, value and like yourself. Your self-concept affects your self-esteem. + Sexual Self — comprises a complex set of schemas that allow us to understand and express ourselves as sexual beings. + Material Self - Refers to our body, as well as the tangible objects, places, things that we describe as “My” or “Mine”. © Body self and Extra-corporeal Self = Extended self. + Spiritual Self - Refers to the real, true or authentic YOU. It is the least explored. It is a system that stresses the idea that a person does not need formal religion to live a life of faith. + Political Self - Is the aspect of the self that helps an individual to understand and function effectively in society. Digital Self - is an aspect of the self that we online. standing the Self Inderstanding the Self and Culture + Egocentrism is the "natural tendency to view evervhing Gi within the world in relation to oneself. + Sociocentrism is the natural tendency to view everything within the world in relation to one's group and so be group-centered (interdependence). + Cultural relativism is the idea that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person’s own culture, rather than be judged against the criteria of another. + Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's culture is superior to that of others. + Xenocentrism is the thinking that another's culture is superior to one's culture. The Self In Western And Oriental Thought + Oriental philosophers, Collectivism, people are fundamentally connected. Duty towards all others is a very important matter. ° 1. Chinese — Yin Yang principle 2 2. Zen Buddhism - human person is composed of a body, soul, and spirit e 3. Hinduism — believes in continuum of matter and the spirit a. Atman — essence of individual * b. Brahman - unchanging, universal spirit Westerners, Individualism, a human being has an individualistic nature and is an independent par! universe and society. i, Understoadng the Sl The Self From Philosophical Perspéctive: Philosophers Concept of Self Characteristics A. Bato (428-348 B.C.) -The self is an “immortal soul in o mortal perishable body. - The soul has a tripartite nature. -Soul is the "giver of life to the body, the permanent, changeless and divine clement -Body is changing, transitory and perishable (Book IV of Plato's Republic]. The body is just a shell of the soul. Tripartite Nature of Soul: Q) an immortal rational part which existed before it became part of the body b) a courageous or spirited part which is mortal and perishatsle cc} an appetitive part “Life is a continuous ascent towards the world of ideas" which means to free our sou! from imprisonment in the body. (354-430 A.D.} - The self is made up of a body and a soul, "a soul in possession of a body which does not constitute two persons but one man." Happiness is the end-all and the be-all of human living and this happiness can be found in God clone. - Virtue is “the order of love.” - Aristotle's Golden Mean = Taught against hedonism - Every human person is created into the image and likeness of God. Every human person is made for God. Its only upon his/her recognition of God's love and his/her response to the invitation to love that he/she finds inner peace. - To love God means necessarily to love one's fellow man. - Never to. do any harm to another as you would nol want others to do unto you. - Man craves for something perfect, immutabls ace enduring. Possession of the goods of this world such as health, beauty, power, honor, fame can never give toa human person what he/she is truly locking for, as these goods ore finite, unstable and ephemeral. stancla the Self 1 Self From Philosophical Perspective: (384-322 8.C,) -The self is composed of body and soul, mind and matter, sense (lower nature of human person which dominate person's life) and intellect, passion, and reason (supreme in human person which govern all life's activities). - Theory of Golden Mean focuses on moderation; avoid the extremes, cvoid too much and too little, Living a life of moderation is doing things in consonance with reason -He does not neglect the development of a human person's physical, economic, and social powers. -Human happiness comes from the harmonious development of the whole selt. - Perfection and happiness come from wiscom [ive knowledge) and virtue (doing what is best for you) p. Socrates (496-399 B.C.) He believed that the Self ex’sts in two parts: 1. Physical (body) ~ tangible and morial aspect of a person is or can be constantly changing. 2. Soul -is immortal “Our TRUE SELF is our SOUL" ~"Know thyself” is to question oneself and others which is the highest form of human excellence = “An unexamined life is not worth living" -“To live but to cie inside” can be the worst thing that can happen to mon. Two Dichotomous Rea Physical Realm: the body's changeable, transient, and imperfect. The body and soul are attached while the person is live. Ideal Realm: Soul is unchanging, eternal, and immortal. When a person dies, the boay stays in the physical reclm while the soul travels to the ideal realm which makes it immortal. Famous quote: “Ihe unexamined life is NOT worth living" (1225-1274) - Proclaimed the supremacy of reason in a human person God, who is Truthitselt. - Aquinas pointed to a higher form of human perfection beyond this life because of the immertolity of the human soul - found in God alone. -A human person can know the: truth with certainty by the use of his reason. There are some truths which cannot be known by human reason alone and which can be perceived only with the id of the light of divine revelation, can never contradict each other because they emanate from the same source. La slonding the Sebf Me The Self From Philosophical Perspective: Philosophers Concept of Self ~ Self is an inextricable union between mind and body. - Oneness or harmony between tne body and the world as our being-in-the-world, that our being is aways an existence that is in the world. -The mind and the body are so intertwined ihal we connot even distinguish where the work of the mind ends and where the work of the body begins. (1908-1961) Characteristics “Everything that we experience in this world - experiences of joy, sadiness, love, remorse - happens with our bodies. There is never a moment in which we are separated from our bodies as if it is a clotning that we can. shed off." -We grow and move about in the world in such a way that our bodies leam to be in harmony with it - Knowledge shows that the body is also intelligent. Conversely, the mind is not pure spirit, Cetached from the material world through its always thinks in an embodied way. - Adheres to materialism “itis the physical brain and not the mind thot gives us our sense of sel. - Defends his eliminative materialism -Decision-making and moral behaviors are biological phenomena - Human behavior must be explained materially in terms of choc (1942-present) -Materialism is the belief that nothing except matter exists. If ‘a thing can't bs recognized by the senses, then it is not real. - the mind can't be ‘experienced by our senses, then ‘the mind doesn't really exist. -Eliminative materia srs wher I we believe in. a mind wnen science 's proving that mental health is connected to the physical brain? For instance, standing the Self e The Self From Philosophical Perspective: i (1724-1804) - Human person has on inner ‘and an outer self which. logether, form his/her consciousness, - Self a prone to corruption - Known for his supreme principle of morality, the Kantian Categorical imperative: “Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time that it should become a natural law.” - Inner self consists of his/her psychological state and = © intellect - Outer self is a human person's senses and tho physical world - Live in the Enlightenment period characterized by growing secularism and the weokened effect of religion. Kant replaced religion with reason. (1631-1704) -Al birth the (human] mind is a tabula rasa which means blank slate." ~“Associations of ideas” thal indivicuals make when young ‘are more important then those made later because they are ‘the foundation of the self. - Emohasized the “treedom of individuals to author their own soul” ~'God created man and we ate, [sic in effect, God's property.

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