Gearbox Overhaul
Gearbox Overhaul
Chassis ID Path
43/Repair/FM, ATO2812C/Gearbox, disassemble-inspect-assemble. Gearbox removed
Model Identity
FM 132790696
Illustrations are used for several different variants: some details may therefore differ from the variant you are working
on. The essential information in the illustrations is however always correct.
Note: For replacement of GCU (Gear Control unit) or TECU, read first - MID 130 PID 160 Parameter setting .
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when using compressed air in the gearbox.
Special tools: 9986485, 9989876, 9990027, 9990028, 9990029, (2x) 9990031, 9990120, , 9992000, 9992215,
9992337, 9992613, 9992619 , 9992671, 9996041, 9996042, 9996081, 9996176, 9996222, 9996239, 9996315,
9996479, 9996483, 9996876, 9996889, 9996901, 9996905, 9996910, 9996917, 9996925, 9998051, 9998401,
9998542, 9999696, 9999737, 88800211, 88800006, 88800015, 88800033, 88800034, 88800035, 9992003
Contents
Disassembly.
Inspection.
Assembly.
Disassembly
Important information before disassembling the gearbox.
Important information before disassembling the gearbox, check the condition of the clutch housing and basic
housing.
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1. Check if there is any axial play in the main shaft and countershaft. It must be less than 0.25 mm.
If the axial play is greater than 0.25 mm, replace the clutch housing and bearings with new parts with
locking pins. See step 59.
2. Check the bearing's outer races for the input shaft and countershaft in the clutch housing. They must be
held still and not be able to rotate at room temperature.
If the bearing rotates: apply Loctite 638 (P/N 1161370). See step 80.
3. Check the distance between the basic housing and the bearing's outer race on the main shaft and the
countershaft. Use a feeler gauge 0.05 mm thick and with a maximum width of 10 mm. It must not be
possible to insert the feeler gauge.
1. If the feeler gauge can be inserted, replace the basic housing, caps and bearings.
2. If the feeler gauge cannot be inserted: check rotation of the bearing outer race.
If the outer bearing race rotates: replace the two caps and bearings for ones with locking pins. In
this case, do not replace the base housing and clutch housing.
See step 66.
The following actions must be carried out based on the results of the above checks:
If criteria 1 is not met, the gearbox must be updated to the variant with locking pin for the outer bearing
races, on both the clutch housing and the base housing. See step 90–91and97–98.
If criteria 2 is not met, apply Loctite 638 (p/n 1161370).
If in criteria 3 it is not possible to insert a 0.05 mm, 10 mm long feeler blade, but the bearing is rotating,
the rear bearings for the main shaft and counter-shaft and the rear caps must be replaced with new
bearings and caps with locking pins. In this case, do not replace the basic housing.
If in criteria 3 it is possible to insert the 0.05 mm feeler gauge blade, replace the basic housing, plus the
rear bearings for the main shaft and counter-shaft and the rear caps for the beakers and caps with
locking pin.
Note: if the gearbox already had bearings and rear caps with locking pins, these parts will be replaced
only when they are faulty.
On older gearboxes with long mileages, the existing parts can be reconditioned and the bearing's outer races
glued in the clutch housing. Use VOLVO glue P/N 1161370.
Note! The bearing's outer races in the basic housing must not be glued due to the adjustment of the bearing
pretensioning.
The above upgrading to a variant with locking pins for the bearing's outer races requires a number of parts to
be replaced at the same time.
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1
Clean the outside of the gearbox.
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Connect a computer with the VCADS program installed. Use 40091-3 Gearbox activation, control housing (for
removal/fitting). In order for you to be able to remove the control housing, the splitter gear must be in its rear position,
2nd and 3rd in neutral and 1st/reverse in the rear position and set to the high range.
Go to step14if the VCADS program makes contact with TECU. Otherwise go to the next step.
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Note: If VCADS Pro cannot make contact with the TECU the control housing must be manually moved to the correct
position so that it can be lifted away from the gearbox.
The illustration shows the positions that the different air cylinders in the control housing must have in order for the
control housing to be lifted away.
In order for you to be able to remove the control housing, the splitter gear must be in its rear position, 2nd and 3rd in
neutral and 1st/reverse in the rear position and set to the high range.
Remove the screws holding the control housing on the gearbox. Remove the screws holding the cover on the TECU.
The figure shows the screw for the cover.
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Carefully lift the cover and disconnect the cable harness between the cover and control housing.
Fit 4 screws (see figure). Tighten the screws so as not to damage the surface of the control housing. This ensures that
the control housing cannot move and damage the pulse wheel on the main shaft.
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DD
OD
The figure shows where the various air ducts are that are used to manually operate the control housing air cylinders.
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DD
OD
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The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.
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Put the splitter gear in its rear position using a compressed air nozzle. If possible engage the forward position first in
order to check that the splitter gear moves correctly.
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Put the range gear in its forward position using a compressed air nozzle. If possible engage the rear position first in
order to check that the splitter gear moves correctly.
10
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Check whether the gearbox is in neutral by turning the output shaft companion flange. If it does, blow in the hole for
reverse to engage the basic gearbox reverse gear. If not, go to the next step.
11
The 2nd and 3rd gear air cylinder must be in neutral before reverse gear can be engaged. Note that there is a
mechanical engagement interlock built into the control housing that makes it impossible to engage reverse unless 2nd
or 3rd gear air cylinder is in neutral.
12
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Use a compressed air nozzle to put 2nd and 3rd gear air cylinders in neutral by carefully blowing into 2nd and 3rd gear
holes while at the same time turning the output shaft companion flange a little in order to better feel when neutral is
engaged.
13
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Use a compressed air nozzle to engage the basic gearbox reverse gear.
14
Remove the electrical connector for the clutch valve assembly in the control housing.
15
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Remove the pneumatic connection to the valve assembly, and remove the three screws securing the valve assembly.
16
Remove the electrical connection for the clutch position sensor on the valve assembly. Remove the valve assembly.
17
Fit the spacer flange onto the fixing plate. With the aid of the arm, fit the fixing plate to the gearbox. Secure the gearbox
into the unit stand.
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18
Warning
Hot oil can cause burns. Use protective gloves.
19
Remove the oil filter drain plug. Refit the drain plug after the oil has finished draining.
20
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21
Remove the oil filter housing and where applicable the oil cooler.
22
Remove the control housing. If necessary, carefully use a crowbar to loosen the control housing from its guide pins.
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23
Fit the magnetic stand and dial gauge on the holder. Check the runout in the sensor wheel. The measuring tip of the
dial gauge must be 2 mm below the teeth. The maximum permitted runout is 0.4 mm.
24
If the gearbox is equipped with a retarder, perform step25–27. Otherwise go to step28.
25
Remove the retarder's temperature sensor from the heat exchanger or alternatively, remove the connector from the
plate.
26
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27
Remove the three screws securing the heat exchanger and retarder cooler.
28
Turn the gearbox so that the output shaft flange faces upwards.
29
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30
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31
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Remove the plug, spring and blocking body for the range function. If necessary use a magnet to pull out the blocking
body.
32
If the gearbox is equipped with a retarder, perform step33–34. Otherwise go to step35.
33
Remove the four nuts securing the retarder to the range housing (A, B, C and D in the illustration).
34
Carefully lift the retarder away from the gearbox.
35
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Note: If the gearbox has a retarder, do not forget to remove the screws from the retarder socket.
36
Fit the adapter and lifting eye into the output shaft.
37
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Split the main housing and range housing. Use press tool.
38
Lift the range housing away carefully.
Note: Ensure that the range cylinder piston rod does not jam in the gearbox housing, the shaft may then be damaged.
39
40
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41
42
Fit both the puller halves on to the high range synchronizer hub.
43
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Fit one half of the puller 9998542 on to the puller rings, together with the hydraulic cylinder, spindle and drift.
Note: Ensure that the split in the puller rings is at 90° to the split in the puller.
44
Fit the other half of the puller 9998542. Fit the hydraulic pump. Press off the high range synchronizer.
45
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46
47
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48
Fit the hollow drift, hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic pump to the spindle.
49
Press out the reversing shaft.
50
51
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52
Fit screw 9996917 on to the main shaft and screw 9996483 on the counter shaft.
53
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54
Attach the dial gauge to the magnetic stand. The tip of the dial gauge should touch the sun wheel.
Zero the dial gauge and mark up the measurement point.
55
Turn the gearbox 1/2 turn. Lift the measuring probe and turn the shaft 20 turns, read off a possible axial play at the
marked position and note it.
56
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Attach the dial gauge to the counter shaft. The tip of the dial gauge should touch the counter shaft. Zero the dial gauge
and mark up the measurement point.
57
Turn the gearbox over 1/2 turn.
58
Lift the tip of the dial gauge and rotate the shafts at least 20 turns. Read off a possible axial play from the marked
measurement point and note the value.
59
Check if there is any axial play in the main shaft and countershaft. It must be less than 0.25 mm.
If the axial play is greater than 0.25 mm, replace the clutch housing and locking pin bearing with new parts.
Specifications:
Permissible end play: 0.25 mm
60
Turn the gearbox over 1/2 turn.
61
Remove
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62
63
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Remove the main shaft cover and the overdrive's oil pipe, where applicable.
Remove the main shaft shim.
64
Check the part no. of the spacer sleeve and check TPI 431-033 in the parts information.
If necessary, replace the spacer sleeve before assembly.116
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65
66
Check the distance between the basic housing and the bearing's outer race on the main shaft and the countershaft.
Use a feeler gauge 0.05 mm thick and with a maximum width of 10 mm. It must not be possible to insert the feeler
gauge.
1. If the feeler gauge can be inserted, replace the basic housing, caps and bearings.
2. If the feeler gauge cannot be inserted: check rotation of the bearing outer race.
If the outer bearing race rotates: replace the two caps and bearings for ones with locking pins. In this case, do
not replace the base housing and clutch housing.
If the outer bearing race does not rotate: continue to step67.
Note: The measurement shall be performed at room temperature. The house should not be heated up to more than 30°
C.
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67
Turn the gearbox so that the input shaft faces upwards.
68
Remove the clip securing the air hose in the clutch cylinder. Carefully remove the clamps for the electrical cable and
the air hose to the clutch cylinder. Remove the three clutch cylinder screws.
69
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Remove the air hose for the clutch cylinder and the air pipe for the counter shaft brake.
70
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71
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Remove the piston A and spring B for the counter shaft brake.
72
Remove the clutch housing.
73
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Remove the air pipe nipple for the counter shaft brake pipe.
74
75
Remove the magnet between the clutch housing and the lower part of the basic housing. Clean the magnet.
76
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Prepare the lifting tool as illustrated. Use the two lifting arms and the spacer ring from special tool 9990028, lifting arm
kit 88800006, fixture plate and chain. Fit the lifting tool into the shaft assembly.
77
Note: The main shaft must not be placed on a workbench or similar. This can damage the gear teeth. Therefore all
work must be carried out with the main shaft upright.
78
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Carefully lift out the shaft assembly and place it in the wooden fixture.
79
Remove the lifting tool from the shaft assembly.
80
Check the bearing's outer races for the input shaft and countershaft in the clutch housing.
Note: They must be held still and not be able to rotate at room temperature.
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Specifications:
p/n :1161370
81
Pull the countershaft's outer race out of the clutch housing. Use a puller, yoke, cylinder, pump and spindle.
Note: Only remove the outer race if the bearing will be changed.
82
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Pull the input shaft's outer race out of the clutch housing. Use a puller, yoke, cylinder, pump and spindle.
Note: Only remove the outer race if the bearing will be changed.
83
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84
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Drive the outer race of the counter shaft rear bearing out of the gearbox housing. Use a drift and handle.
Note: Only remove the outer race if the bearing will be changed.
A= 9992000
B= 9996081
85
Drive the outer race of the main shaft rear bearing out of the gearbox housing. Use a drift and handle.
Note: Only remove the outer race if the bearing will be changed.
86
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Inspection
87
The components must be washed clean and dried.
88
Check bearings, shafts, gears and synchronizers for damage and wear. Replace damaged or worn parts.
Caution
New bearings and bearing races must be taken from the same package.
89
Lubricate all parts with gearbox oil before installation.
Assembly
90
If they are provided with locking pins, note the position of the pins on the housing using a marker pen.
If not provided with locking pins, we recommend to upgrade to the variant with locking pins for the bearing's outer races
in both the clutch housing and the basic housing.
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Alternatively, for older gearboxes with long mileages, the existing parts can be refitted.
91
Align the groove in the outer races with the marked positions of the lock pins. Drive the outer race of the main shaft
rear bearing into the housing until the outer race is about 5 mm above the bottom of the gearbox housing. Do the same
thing for the outer race for the counter shaft.
If the outer races have not been removed, they should be tapped out so that they are about 5 mm above the bottom of
the gearbox housing.
Note: This step must be carried out so that the shaft pretensioning can later be adjusted.
92
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Turn the gearbox over 1/2 turn. Fit the oil screen and overflow valve. Torque tighten the valve.
Specifications:
45 ± 5 Nm
93
Assemble the shaft assembly. Secure the lifting tool to the shaft assembly. Lubricate all bearings.
Note: It is important that the bearings are oiled, to give the correct clearances.
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94
Carefully lift the shaft assembly into the gearbox housing.
95
Remove the fixture and the three lifting arms from the shafts.
96
Install the nipple for the air pipe for the counter shaft brake.
97
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If it is provided with locking pins, note the position of the pins on the housing using a marker pen.
If not provided with locking pins, we recommend to upgrade to the variant with locking pins for the bearing's outer races
in both the clutch housing and the basic housing.
Alternatively, for older gearboxes with long mileages, the existing parts can be refitted and the bearing outer races
glued in the clutch housing. Use VOLVO glue with part no. 1161370. This alternative is not as reliable as upgrading to
locking pins.
Note: Don't use excessive amount of glue, use only the necessary.
Note: The bearing's outer races in the basic housing must not be glued due to the adjustment of the bearing
pretensioning.
When replacing the clutch housing, where you have chosen not to make the recommended upgrade to the variant with
locking pins for the bearing outer races (see Important information before disassembling the gearbox.), the locking pins
can be removed and the new clutch housing be used also for earlier version.
98
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Align the groove in the outer races with the marked positions of the lock pins.
99
Drive the countershaft's outer race into the clutch housing until it reaches the end position.
100
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Drive the input shaft's outer race into the clutch housing until it reaches the end position.
101
Apply VOLVO-recommended sealing fluid for high temperatures to the main housing's contact surfaces on the clutch
housing as shown in the figure. Fit the magnet.
102
Place the clutch housing on the basic housing. Check that the guide pins locate in the holes in the clutch housing.
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103
Fit the clutch housing screws and torque tighten them alternately.
Specifications:
110 ± 10 Nm
104
Press in a new seal for the input shaft with a drift, (A) 88800211.
Note: Fill the space between the seal lips to 1/3 with a VOLVO approved grease. Avoid getting grease on the felt ring.
Oil in the sealing ring mating face to the input shaft before assembly.
105
Turn the gearbox over 1/2 turn.
106
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Note: The recess in the shim must be aligned with the locking pin in the cover. To guarantee the location, fix the shim
in the cover using grease before fitting the cover.
It is recommended to use a shim with an existing recess for the locking pin.
When using a shim without a recess, a recess must be made for the locking pin as shown in the figure.
When replacing the cover, where you have chosen not to do the recommended upgrade to the variant with locking pins
for the bearing outer races (see Important information before disassembling the gearbox.), do as follows:
For older variants without locking pins, the locking pins can be removed and the new cover with new screws can
be used.
For variants that have an O-ring fitted by the bearing, the O-ring must be discarded, the locking pin removed and
the new cover with new screws be used.
107
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Note: There are two different covers (A and B) depending on version of gearbox ventilation. For more information read
chapter ventilation in Gearbox, mechanical .
Specifications:
40±5 Nm
108
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Note: The recess in the shim must be aligned with the locking pin in the cover. To guarantee the location, fix the shim
in the cover using grease before fitting the cover.
It is recommended to use a shim with an existing recess for the locking pin.
When using a shim without a recess, a recess must be made for the locking pin as shown in the figure.
When replacing the cover, where you have chosen not to do the recommended upgrade to the variant with locking pins
for the bearing outer races (see Important information before disassembling the gearbox.), do as follows:
For older variants without locking pins, the locking pins can be removed and the new cover with new screws can
be used.
For variants that have an O-ring fitted by the bearing, the O-ring must be discarded, the locking pin removed and
the new cover with new screws be used.
109
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Specifications:
40±5 Nm
110
Lock the gears with the holder for the clutch sleeves.
Note: When measuring the main and counter shaft, gear 2 LS shall be engaged.
Without overdrive: The splitter gear clutch ring in its frontmost position.
With overdrive: The splitter gear clutch ring in its rearmost position.
The counter shaft brake must not be engaged.
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111
Fit screw 9996917 on the main shaft and screw 9996483 on the counter shaft.
112
113
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Attach the dial gauge to the magnetic stand. The tip of the dial gauge should touch the sun wheel. Zero the dial gauge
and mark up the measurement point.
114
Turn the gearbox 1/2 turn. Lift the measuring probe and turn the shaft 20 turns, read off the axial play at the marked
position and note it.
115
Note: If the main shaft has been recently overhauled skip steps 114 and 115, and go to step 116.
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116
When replacing the spacer sleeve, reuse the piston rings with the new spacer sleeve.
117
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118
Fit a shim that is 0.1 to 0.2 mm thicker than the measured clearance together with the shim to be used. This gives a
pretensioning of between 0.1 and 0.2 mm.
Note: The recess in the shim must be aligned with the locking pin in the cover. To guarantee the location, fix the shim
in the cover using grease before fitting the cover.
It is recommended to use a shim with an existing recess for the locking pin.
When using a shim without a recess, a recess must be made for the locking pin as shown in the figure.
119
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Note: There are two different covers (A and B) depending on version of gearbox ventilation. For more information read
chapter ventilation in Gearbox, mechanical .
Specifications:
40±5 Nm
120
121
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Attach the dial gauge to the counter shaft. The tip of the dial gauge should touch the counter shaft. Zero the dial gauge
and mark up the measurement point.
122
Turn the gearbox over 1/2 turn.
123
Lift the tip of the dial gauge and rotate the shafts at least 20 turns. Read off the axial play from the marked
measurement point and note the value.
124
Turn the gearbox over 1/2 turn.
125
Remove
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126
127
Fit a shim that is 0.1 to 0.2 mm thicker than the measured clearance together with the shim to be used. This gives a
pretensioning of between 0.1 and 0.2 mm.
Note: The recess in the shim must be aligned with the locking pin in the cover. To guarantee the location, fix the shim
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It is recommended to use a shim with an existing recess for the locking pin.
When using a shim without a recess, a recess must be made for the locking pin as shown in the figure.
128
129
Install the oil pump. Knock the reversing shaft into the gearbox housing using a plastic mallet. Fit the screws into the
reversing gear and torque tighten.
Note: Make sure that the bevel for the rotation lock is in the correct position.
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Specifications:
48±8 Nm
130
Specifications:
40±5 Nm
131
Where applicable fit the overdrive oil pipe.
132
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133
134
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Note: The circlip is available in seven thicknesses. Choose the thickest circlip that assures a residual play of maximum
0.05 mm.
135
136
Oil and fit new O-rings. Install the oil distribution piping. Torque tighten the oil distribution piping. Use a socket.
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Specifications:
250 ± 35 Nm
137
138
Fit the adapter and lifting eye into the range section output shaft. Position the range housing over the main housing.
Lower and line up the piston rod and planet wheel. Secure the range housing. Torque tighten the bolts.
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Note: Insert the guide pins 9996876 into the gearbox housing to facilitate the assembly.
Specifications:
110 ± 10Nm
139
Fit the adapter and lifting eye into the range section output shaft. Position the range housing over the main housing.
Lower and line up the piston rod and planet wheel. Secure the range housing. Torque tighten the bolts.
Note: Insert the guide pins 9996876 into the gearbox housing to facilitate the assembly.
Specifications:
110 ± 10Nm
140
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Replace the V-ring on the companion flange. The V-ring must lie flush with the stop on the companion flange.
Note: Check the mating surface of the companion flange to ensure that there is no visible damage.
141
Note: Under no circumstances may the companion flange be heated up or hit with a hammer.
The companion flange must be fitted and pressed onto the output shaft using the specified special tool.
It is of the greatest importance that the companion flange be pressed home completely before the nut is tightened.
If the companion flange is not pressed home properly, the output shaft bearing or the range oil pipe may be damaged.
142
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Fit the counterhold onto the companion flange. Fit a new o-ring and a new nut.
Torque tighten the nut.
Specifications:
550 ± 50 Nm
143
If the gearbox is equipped with a retarder, perform step144–149. Otherwise go to step150.
144
Fit the retarder with a new O-ring, greased with silicon grease. Guide the bolts into the holes and lower the retarder into
position. Fit the nuts and tighten them by hand as illustrated in the order A, B, C and finally D.
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Note: After the retarder has been tightened, there should be a gap between the retarder and the range housing.
Specifications:
30 Nm
45°
145
Turn the gearbox 1/4 turn.
146
Install new O-rings on the heat exchanger and the range housing. Apply silicon grease to the O-rings.
147
Lift up the heat exchanger so that the narrow parts are guided into their respective holes. Fit the securing bolts. Pull the
heat exchanger in with the upper rear screws. Torque tighten the bolts.
Specifications:
85 Nm
148
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149
150
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IMPACT 3.0 Wednesday, 14 May 2014
Install the blocking body, spring and plug for the range function.
151
Install the oil filter housing with a new seal and a new oil filter. Where applicable, fit the oil cooler. Torque tighten the
bolts.
Specifications:
20 ± 3 Nm
152
Turn the gearbox 1/4 turn.
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IMPACT 3.0 Wednesday, 14 May 2014
153
154
Add the discs alternately. Begin and end with a steel disc (two friction discs and three steel discs).
155
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IMPACT 3.0 Wednesday, 14 May 2014
156
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IMPACT 3.0 Wednesday, 14 May 2014
Fit the cylinder over the disc assembly and torque tighten the screws.
Specifications:
45 ± 5 Nm
157
Clean the nipple threads. Fit the brake pipe. Screw the nuts fully on by hand. Then tighten with a socket spanner a
further 3/4 turn.
158
Fit the clutch cylinder and air hose. Secure the hose with a clip. Torque tighten the bolts.
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IMPACT 3.0 Wednesday, 14 May 2014
Specifications:
45 ± 5 Nm
159
Turn the gearbox 1/4 turn.
160
Fit the magnetic stand and dial gauge on the holder. Check the runout in the sensor wheel. The measuring tip of the
dial gauge must be 2 mm below the teeth. The maximum permitted runout is 0.4 mm.
161
Fit a new seal to the control housing.
162
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IMPACT 3.0 Wednesday, 14 May 2014
163
Ensure that the splitter gear clutch ring is in its rearmost position, the 2nd/3rd gear clutch ring is in neutral, the
1st/reverse clutch ring is in its rear position and the range gear is set to high range (with the range shaft in its forward
position and the piston in the range cylinder in its innermost position) and that the shift forks in the control housing are
matched to the clutch rings. This is to enable the control housing to be fitted.
164
Carefully lower the control housing so that no gear teeth are damaged. It is important for the clutch fork for the splitter
gear to enter the clutch ring correctly. Carefully tap the control housing down at the guide pins.
165
Remove the guide pins.
166
Install the control housing screws and torque tighten them diagonally.
Specifications:
110 ± 10Nm
167
Connect VCADS and pressurized air, calibrate the gearbox (40091-3 gear change activation, control housing (for
removal/installation).
Then perform gears test (43116-4 Gears test, gearbox removed) to check that the gearbox is OK.
168
Remove the gearbox from the overhaul stand.
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IMPACT 3.0 Wednesday, 14 May 2014
169
Remove the fixture from the gearbox. Install the valve assembly. Clamp the air hose and electrical wiring.
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