ANATOMY OF THE

NERVOUS SYSTEM

Synapses Synaptic vesicle

Neurotransmitter
Buttons
responsible for the elimination of microbes,
dead cells, and other substan that may
Myelin Sheath Microtubules endanger the CNS.
Gologi Complex

Axon guides axonal & peripheral

Microglia nerves regeneration
Ribosomes the largest glial cell; control
Mitochondria the flow of blood
Nodes of Ranvier Astrocytes
Axon Hillock Endoplasmic Schwann cell
Nucleus Reticulum
Dendrites Oligodendrocytes
includ
Kinds of Glial extensions that wrap around
ing

Cell Membrane Internal Parts Cytoplasm the axons; rich in myelin

Cells
Cell Body luding
inc

maintains homeostasishelp support,

External Parts connect, and protect the neurons of
the central and peripheral nervous
NERVE CELL involves in the GLIAL CELL systems.
transmission of nerve
composed of white impulses
is composed of
comprises the network of
matter(myelinated) and division that is located within is composed of nerves connected to the
gray matter(unmyelinated) the skull and spine brain and the spinal cord

CNS PNS
acts as the communication SPINAL CORD di
o SOMATIC
is

i
nt
pathway v id
e d in t o is divid ed

vital in movement, BRAIN AUTONOMIC Parasympathetic

balance, and motor control
is nt
o

Cerebellum d i
ivid is divided
ed into
involves in motor controls voluntary movement and
activities and Brain stem Sympathetic sensation in the skin, muscles, and
speech joints; interacts with the external
Cerebrum environment
Frontal controls automatic functions; regulates
involves in regulatory the body’s internal environment
processes
afferent nerves (carry sensory signals from afferent nerves (carry sensory signals from
Occipital internal organs to the CNS) efferent nerves the organs to the CNS) efferent nerves
involves in somatic Parietal (carry motor signals from the CNS to (carry motor signals from the CNS to
senses internal organs) skeletal muscles)

functions for higher

Temporal 3 Swellings
involves in
level nervous system visual
activity & has 4 lobes reception divided into 5 major
involves in auditory divisions cerebral cortex
reception&memory
the largest part of the brain, initiates
Telencephalon voluntary movements, interprets sensory,
and mediates complex cognitive processes
Forebrain
hypothalamus
relays sensory information between brain
Diencephalon regions.
receiving and processing sensory
information, thinking, perceiving, thalamus
producing and understanding language,
and controlling motor function tectum

Midbrain Mesencephalon superior aspect of the brain stem and

the smallest region of the rain

tegmentum

role in processing visual

and auditory signals
Metencephalon house for ascending and descending tracts
and part of the reticular formation
Hindbrain pons

widely known as the medulla, most posterior

Myelencephalon division of the brain, and tracts carry signals
between the brain and body.
functions that are
fundamental to survival reticular formation