ST.

ANTHONY'S COLLEGE , SHILLONG -793001

Food
Security
By
Group
4
 CONCEPT
What is Food Security?
Based on the 1996 World Food Summit, food security is
defined when all people, at all times, have physical and
economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food that
meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active
and healthy life.
The notion of food security started about 45 years
ago when there were food shortages all over the
world. At first, it focused on making sure that there
Need for Food Security:
was enough food and that the prices of basic foods
were stable around the world and in each country. • For the poor sections of the society
This happened because agricultural commodity
prices were very unstable in the early 1970s. This • Natural disasters or calamity like
was caused by a disarray in the monetary systems earthquake, drought, flood,
tsunami
and financial marketplaces as well as various other
unfavorable conditions. • Widespread crop failure due to
 Food Self-sufficiency and Food Security in
Indian Context
First year
plan didn’t
focus on Green
Food crises agriculture revolution

During last Indira

year of Gandhi ask
Nehru era United
States for
food aid

India has achieved progress on the production of foodgrains in the form of:
(a) production of foodgrains has increased from 50.8 million tonnes in 1950-51 to
275.7 million tonnes in 2016-17 
(b) the share of cereals in total production of foodgrains has increased from 84.0
per cent in 1950-51 to 91.7 per cent in 2016-17 
(c) the share of rice and wheat in total cereals has increased from 53 per cent in
1950-51 to 82.4 per cent in 2016-17 and the share of coarse cereals has declined
from 30.0 per cent to 17.6 per cent, showing a change in consumption pattern of
poorer sections.
State-wise Area,
Production and Yield of
Foodgrains in India

•  Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh

which account for 16.5 per cent and
14.2 per cent of total area contribute
about 21.4 per cent and only 9.8 per
cent of total production of foodgrains
respectively. 
• Punjab accounts for only 4.6 percent of
the total area but contributes about
10.8 per cent of total production of
foodgrains. 
MAJOR COMPONENTS OF FOOD SECURITY​

The four main dimensions of food

security:
• Availability – National
• Accessibility - Household. 
• Utilization - Individual.
• Stability - may be considered as a
time dimension that affects all the
levels.
 All four of these dimensions must be intact for full food
security. 
National Food National Food Security Mission (NFSM) is a Centrally
Sponsored Scheme launched in 2007 based on the
Security recommendations of the agriculture sub-
Mission committee of National Development Council (NDC).

(NFSM) under
Eleventh Plan The main objective of the National Food
Security Mission is to increase the production
of rice, wheat, pulses, coarse serials, and Nutri
serials through area expansion and
productivity enhancement in a sustainable
manner. A national food security mission will
be implemented in the identified districts of
the country. 
The targets to achieve are 13 million tonnes of additional
foodgrains production comprising of Rice – 5 million
tonnes, Wheat- 3 million tonnes, Pulses- 3 million tonnes
and Coarse Cereals- 2 million tonnes.
 Divided into direct strategies (short term) and
indirect strategies (long term). 
Direct strategies demanded focus on the following:
• Ensuring proper nutrition of the target groups 
• Expanding the safety net for children (i.e.
NATIONAL NUTRITIONexpanding the policy to rural slums along with
POLICY (1993) urban slums
• Provisions for low-cost nutrition food, and
Etc.
Adopted by the Government of India in Indirect strategies demanded focus on the
following:
1993 under the aegis of the Department • Food security,
of Women and Child Development • Improving the dietary pattern like providing
nutrition- ally rich food at affordable cost,
The strategy of NNP was a multi-sectoral • Improving purchasing power,
strategy for eradicating malnutrition and • Encouraging more of the small and medium
achieving optimum nutrition for all. enterprise to emerge,
• Prevention of food adulteration,Etc..
 Food Security in India and its
challenges ahead
Several challenges hinder the achievement of food security in India. These
challenges include: - 
Population growth: The rapidly growing population increases the demand
for food, putting pressure on the agricultural sector to produce enough to
meet the needs of all individuals. 
Poverty and inequality: High poverty levels and unequal distribution of
resources make it difficult for everyone to have access to sufficient and
nutritious food. 
Climate change: Unpredictable weather patterns, droughts, floods, and
other climate- related events can lead to crop failures and impact
agricultural productivity. 
Inadequate storage and transportation infrastructure: Lack of proper
storage facilities and transportation systems results in post- harvest losses
and difficulties in distributing food efficiently. -
Food wastage: Significant food wastage occurs at various stages of the
supply chain, from production to consumption, leading to a loss of
resources and hindering food security efforts
 Global Warming and
Impending Food Shortage
This phenomenon has far-reaching effects on various aspects of our
planet, including agriculture and food production.
• Changing Climate Patterns
• Reduced Crop Yields 
• Water Scarcity 
• Pest and Disease Outbreaks
• Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Agriculture
• Impact on Livestock and Fisheries 
• Food Distribution and Access
• Adaptation and Mitigation 
Global warming poses a significant threat to food production and
security. It exacerbates existing challenges in agriculture by altering
climate patterns, reducing crop yields, and increasing the
frequency of extreme weather events. 
THE NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY ACT, 2013
An Act to provide for food and ●Provision for Hot Cooked meal with prescribed
nutritional norms as per Schedule II of the Act .
nutritional security in human life cycle
approach, by ensuring access to  ●Facility for cooking meals, drinking water and
sanitation at every school.
adequate quantity of quality food at ●Food Security Allowance for non-supply of meals. 
affordable prices to people to live a life
●Framing of Rules for the implementation of
with dignity MDMS under NFSA 
●Setting up of Grievance Redressal Mechanism 
●Constitution of State Food Commissions 
●Constitution of Vigilance Committee
for supervision of implementation of scheme 
●Monitoring & implementation of Food Security
Schemes

One mid-day meal, free of charge, everyday , except on

school holidays, in all schools run by local bodies,
Government and Government aided schools, so as to meet
the nutritional standards specified in schedule II
 • What is required at this moment is that the country has to strike a
balance between food security and management of surplus food

CONCLUSION stock in a most rational manner.

•  Faulty policy will unnecessarily increase the burden of food subsidy on
the Central Government, which is already very high.
• Moreover, the accumulation and procurement of three times the
foodgrains than that of its requirement is State godowns on the one
hand and reports of starvation deaths from a couple of States has
been raising the questions on the foodgrain policy of the country. 
• It has also been argued that food security in India is only notional
despite maintaining a foodgrain buffer stock of nearly 58 million
tonnes (as on January 1, 2002) since food deprivation and financial
indebtedness of scores of small and marginal farmers still existing at
wide level.
• Purchasing capacity of all the buyers however is not at par with the
prices at which the foodgrains are be made by the Government to
meet such gap.
• Moreover, the production system in the country is also not a balanced
one. As the country is self- sufficient in respect of wheat and rice,
but the country is still deficient in pulses and vegetable oils,
reflected in import of huge quantities of vegetable oils and pulses in
recent past. Similarly, production and access to vegetables, fruits
and livestock products, which are also important contributors to
food security, have not received as much attention as they deserve. 
•
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC.
 PRESENTED BY:
1. Arshiya Qureshi U22EC2036
[Link] Kikon U22EC2121
3. Barnald Kharkongor U22EC2213
4. Anjelus Khongbinann U22EC2315
5. Nishka Sahu U22EC2384
6. Faithki Dza Sangma Kyndiah U22HI2001
7. Sawadame Andrew Tang U22HI2168
8. Deepanjali Brahma U22HI2334
9. Mangginhao Touthang U22HI2421
10. Bansanbha Simon Kharmalki U22PS2067
11. Novaclareia M Swer U22PS2176
12. Lurshai Marbon U21PS2353
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