BIOHACK NOTES
COCKROACH
MORPHOLOGY & ANATOMY
• Based on active recall and spaced repetition
• Target 360/360 in NEET Biology & 100/100 in Boards!
• INTRODUCTION
1) Cockroaches are _____ or _____ in colour.
2) Class -
3) _______, ______, ______ coloured cockroaches are also reported in tropical/subtropical regions.
4) The size ranges from ___ inches to ___ inches.
5) They are diurnal/nocturnal carnivores/omnivores
6) Cockroaches are serious pests and vectors of many diseases. T/F
DigaQ. 1
A
• MORPHOLOGY B M
C
7) Common species of cockroach is __________ D L
8) They are ___-___ cm long. E
F K
9) The body is divisible into 3 regions ____, ____, _____ G
10) The entire body of the cockroach is covered with
H I
______ skeleton.
J
11) Hardened plates forming exoskeleton are _____ (NEET)
12) ______ are found dorsally and _______ are found ventrally.
13) Tergites and sternites are joined to each other by thin/thick and flexible _____ also called _____
14) Shape of head of cockroach is _______
15) Head is formed by fusion of ___ no of segments. DigaQ. 2
16) The neck is not flexible. T/F
17) Head capsule bears a pair of __________
18) A pair of thread-like antennae arise from A
membranous sockets lying behind the eyes. T/F X
Y
19) Antennae help in (1) B B
20) ______________ type of mouth parts C
21) Upper lip is called _______
22) Lower lip is called _______
23) Mouthparts consist of (4)
24) Hypopharynx also called _______
25) Thorax consists of 3 parts. Name them. D D
26) Neck is a short extension of ______ E
27) The first pair of wings arise from ________
28) Second pair from _______
29) Forewings are called _______. Features - (2)
30) Hindwings features (2)
31) _______ wings are used in flight.
32) Two pairs of wings are present at_____ and ______segments.
33) Abdomen of cockroach is divided into _____ segments.
34) In females, ____th is a boat shaped sternum. (NEET)
35) Genital pouch is formed by ____, ____, ____ sternum.
36) Anterior part of genital pouch contains ____, ____, ____
37) In males, genital pouch lies at _____ end of abdomen bounded dorsally by ____ and ____ terga
and ventrally by ____ sternum.
38) Male genital pouch consist of (3) DigaQ. 3
39) Anal styles are absent in males. T/F (NEET) A
40) Anal cerci are absent in males. T/F B
41) Jointed filamentous structure are _______
42) ____ segment of cockroach bear anal cerci.
43) Anal style is also called _________
44) Genital pouch consist of (2) F
C
• ANATOMY D
• DIGESTIVE SYSTEM E
45) Alimentary canal is divided into 3 regions. Name them.
46) The mouth opens into a short tubular oesophagus. T/F
47) Oesophagus opens into _____ which is used for ___________
48) Crop is followed by ______ or __________
49) Gizzard has outer layer of thick/thin circular/longitudinal muscles and thick/thin inner
cuticle forming ___ no of highly chitinous plates called ______
50) ________ help in grinding food. (NEET)
51) No of gastric caecae present in cockroach are -
52) ___-___ blind tubules called _____ or _____ caecae are present at junction of ______
and _______
DigaQ. 4
53) Hepatic caecae fxn (1)
A
54) Malpighian tubules are ____-____ in no. B
55) Between _______ and _______, a ____ C
coloured thick/thin filamentous ____ is present.
D
56) The midgut is broader than hindgut. T/F
57) Hindgut is differentiated into _____, _____, _____ E
58) Describe the path of flow of food from mouth to anus. F
59) A pair of _______ present near crop. G
H
• CIRCULATORY & RESPIRATORY SYSTEM I
60) Blood vascular system of cockroach is open/closed type. L
J
61) Blood vessels open into space called _______
62) Hemolymph consist of ______ and _______ K
63) Heart is differentiated into _____ shaped chambers. DigaQ. 5
With ____ on either side.
A
64) Blood from ______ enter heart through _______
65) Blood is pumped posteriorly to sinus again. T/F
B
66) The respiratory system consist of a network of ______
67) Number of spiracles ______
68) Exchange of gases at tracheoles take place by _______
69) Spiracles are regulated/not regulated.
C
• EXCRETORY & NERVOUS SYSTEM
70) Excretion by 4 things -
71) Each tubule is lined by _______ and ______cells
72) Malpighian tubule absorb ____________ and convert them
into _______ (NEET)
73) Cockroach is ureotelic/uricotelic.
74) Ganglia are joined by _________________ on dorsal/ventral side.
75) No. of ganglia in abdomen -
76) No. of ganglia in thorax -
77) The brain is represented by __________ ganglion.
78) Supraesophageal ganglion supplies nerves to
________ and _________
79) The compound eyes are situated in the ventral/dorsal surface of head.
80) Name 5 sense organs of cockroach.
81) Each eye consists of ______ hexagonal ommatidia.
82) Cockroach have _____ type of vision in which there is more/less sensitivity and more/less resolution.
• REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
DigaQ. 6 DigaQ. 7
A
B
C A
D
B
E H
F C
G
H D
I
E
J
L K G F
N M
83) Testes lie on medial/lateral side between the ____ abdominal segments.
84) Name the structures that sperm passes through its journey from testes to outside.
85) Male gonopore is situated ventral/dorsal to anus.
86) A characteristic ________ shaped gland is present in the __th - ___th abdominal
segments which function as an accessory reproductive gland.
87) The external genitalia are represented by ______________ or __________
88) Phallomere are made of ________
89) Phallomere are symmetric/asymmetric structures.
90) Sperms are glued together in the form of bundles called ___________
91) The female reproductive system lies laterally in ___-___ abdominal segments.
92) Oviduct unite to form _______ which opens into __________
93) Spermatheca are present in females. T/F
94) They are present in segment ___.and opens into ________
95) The fertilized ovule is capsuled in _______
96) Ootheca color (2) and length is
97) Ootheca are dropped or glued to a suitable surface, usually a crack with _____ and _____
98) On average, females produce ______ ootheca each containing _______ eggs.
99) Function of collateral glands.
100) Development of P. americana is ___________, meaning -
101) The nymphs look very much like adults. T/F
102) The nymph grows by moulting ____ times.
103) The next to last nymphal stage have _________
104) Cockroach don't transmit bacterial diseases. T/F
COCKROACH
MORPHOLOGY & ANATOMY
ANSWERS
31) Hind wings
• ANSWERS 32) 2nd and 3rd
33) 10
34) 7th
1) Brown or black
35) 7th, 8th, 9th
2) Insecta
36) Female gonopore, spermathecal pores and
3) Bright yellow, red and green (Trick - Traffic
collateral glands
signal have all these colours)
37) Hind, 9th, 10th, 9th
4) ¼ inches to 3 inches (0.6-7.6 cm)
38) Dorsal anus, ventral male genital pore and
5) Nocturnal omnivores
gonapophysis
6) True
39) F
• MORPHOLOGY
40) F
7) Periplaneta americana
41) Anal cerci
8) 3.4-5.3 cm
42) 10th
9) Head, thorax and abdomen
43) Caudal style
10) Hard chitinous
44) Genital chamber, vestibulum
11) Sclerites
• ANATOMY
12) Tergites, sternites
Digestive system
13) Thin, arthrodial membrane, articular membrane
45) Foregut, midgut and hindgut
14) Triangular
46) False, it opens into short tubular pharynx
15) 6
47) Crop, storing of food
16) F
48) Gizzard or proventriculus
17) Compound eye
49) Thick, circular, thick, 6, teeth
18) F, lying in front of eye
50) Gizzard
19) Monitoring the environment
51) 6-8
20) Biting and chewing
52) 6-8. Hepatic or gastric, forgut and midgut
21) Labrum
53) Secrete digestive juice
22) Labium
54) 100-150
23) Labrum, labium, mandible, maxilla
55) Midgut and hindgut, yellow, thin, malpighian
24) Tongue
tubules
25) Prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax
56) F
26) Prothorax
57) Ileum, colon and rectum
27) Mesothorax
28) Metathorax
29) Tegmina, Features - opaque dark and leathery
30) Transparent, membranous
58) Mouth - Pharynx - Oesophagus - Crop - 87) Male gonapophysis or phallomere
Gizzard - Midgut - Ileum - Colon - Rectum 88) Chitin
59) Salivary glands 89) Asymmetric
Circulatory & Respiratory system 90) Spermatophores
60) Open 91) 2nd-6th
61) Haemocoel 92) Single median oviduct/vagina, genital chamber
62) Colourless plasma and haemocytes 93) T
63) Funnel, ostia 94) 6, genital chamber
64) Sinuses, ostia 95) Ootheca
65) False, anteriorly 96) Dark reddish or blackish brown, 8mm long
66) Trachea 97) High relative humidity and food source
67) 20 (10 pairs) 98) 9-10, 14-16
68) Diffusion 99) Secrete the hard egg case or ootheca
69) Regulated 100) Paurometabolous, meaning development through
Excretory & Nervous system nymphal stages
70) Malpighian tubules, nephrocytes, fat body, 101) T
urecose glands 102) 13
71) Glandular and ciliated 103) Wing pads
72) Ammonia, uric acid 104) F
73) Uricotelic
74) Paired longitudinal connectives, ventral • DigaQs G – Mesothoracic leg
75) 6 DigaQ. 1 H – Metathoracic leg
76) 3 A – Filiform antennae I – Abdomen
77) Supra-oesophageal ganglion B – Compound eye J – Anal cerci
78) Antennae and compound eyes C – Pronotum K – Hind wing
79) Dorsal D – Mesothorax L – Tegmina
80) Antennae, eyes, maxillary palps, labial palps, E – Prothoracic leg M – Head
anal cerci F – Metathorax
81) 2000 D – Maxilla
82) Mosaic, more sensitivity and less resolution DigaQ. 2 E – Labium
Reproductive system A – Labrum X – Grinding region
83) Lateral, 4-6th B – Mandible Y – Incising region
84) Testis - vas deferens - seminal vesicle - C – Hypopharynx
ejaculatory duct - male gonopore
85) Ventral
86) Mushroom, 6-7
DigaQ. 3 DigaQ. 6 DigaQ. 7
A – Ocellus D – Labrum A – Testis A – Ovary
B – Compound eye E – Labium B – Phallic gland B – Oviduct
C – Mandible F – Maxilla C – Small tubules C – Common oviduct
DigaQ. 4 D – Long tubules or vagina
A – Pharynx G – Hepatic caeca E – Seminal vesicle D – Collaterial glands
B – Salivary gland H – Mesenteron/midgut F – Vas deferens E – Genital chamber
C – Salivary reservoir I – Malpighian tubules G – Ejaculatory duct F – Vestibulum
D – Oesophagus J – Ileum H – Right phallomere G – Genital pouch
E – Crop K – Colon I – Ventral phallomere H – gonapophyses
F – Gizzard L – Rectum J – Anal cercus I – Spermatheca
DigaQ. 5 K – Caudal style
A – Anterior aorta L – Pseudopenis
B – Alary muscles M – Titillator
C – Chambers of heart N – Left phallomere
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