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LESSON 2 IV. Content Focus
THE WEB AND THE INTERNET What is the Internet?
I. Module Overview The INTERNET is the largest computer network in the world. It is
a collection of local, regional, national, and international computer
This module provides the students with the discussion about the web and networks. These networks are linked together to exchange data
the internet. and share processing tasks. It is commonly termed as the network
of networks. It is a giant public highway system containing vast
II. Desired Learning Outcome amount of information.
It was conceived in the 1960’s as a communication system fro the
At the end of this unit, the students should be able to: military to link computers throughout the US so that messages
define internet, web and other Internet concepts and terms could still be transmitted even in time of crisis. This project was
explain how to navigate Web pages called ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
which was then operated by the US Department of Defense’s
Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) linked government
III. Take off/Motivation data centers to research facilities and some universities which
were given defense related funding.
Answer the question. The Internet is a global network of computers communicating
under one set of guidelines, formally called the Transmission
Will you take or go to the direction where there is no internet? Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
Why or why not? The Internet is more than a physical network of wires linking
individual computers to one another. It is also a network of people
and information resources.
The Internet is not a specific place, company, or service, although
places, companies and services are accessible via the Internet.
Nobody owns the Internet.
Today, aside from its popular use as a communication tool, it has
also become a good source of information not only for research
purposes but also for any conceivable application like job search,
shopping, sharing files, music and videos, learning online, voicing
ideas and opinions on specific topic of interest, getting new
software, reading the latest news, and so much more.
How to connect to the Internet?
Image from:swginc.com Basically you will need:
a personal computer
a modem and a telephone line
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an Internet Service Provider (provides the software,
the IP address, and the link to the Internet)
a network card, if connecting to home or to an office
network
To access to the Internet your computer must have special The Web components
hardware and software. You need equipment called a router.
The router connects to your computer and to the Internet. Web browsers and servers - Web browsers are application software
Computers connect to the Internet either wires or wirelessly. used to access files or applications, which are located and run by
To connect to the Internet you also need an Internet Web servers.
Service Provider. This is a company that provides the Web contents - files in several formats - text, multimedia, video,
serviceof connecting the router to the Internet. audio, etc - that are available through the World Wide Web
There are several different technologies that can be used to HTTP and HTML - HTTP is the protocol used on the World Wide Web
connect to the Internet. The most common and also the to transfer files from one computer to another, while HTML is used to
easiest and cheapest is to use a modem to connect to an format and display Web pages
ISP via a telephone line.
HTTP and HTML
What can you do on the Internet? Web servers and browsers use HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP),
an Internet-standard protocol, to handle the transfer of text and other
World Wide Web files between different computers.
Electronic Mail HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and
FTP what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to
Talk / Chat various commands.
Online information resources HTML defines how Web pages are formatted and displayed by web
Other
browsers
For further readings, follow this link: Web Browsers and Servers
http://www.just.edu.jo/~mqais/cis99/PDF/Internet.pdf
The World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is the collective name for all the computer files
in the world that are: accessible through the Internet and located on a
large number of Web servers; electronically linked together through the
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and HyperText Markup Language
(HTML); viewed, experienced or retrieved through a “browser” program
running on your computer.
Then Internet is the network that carries Web pages to computers.
Web pages can include text, photos, videos, animations, and sounds.
The Web is the part of the Internet.
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1. User sends request. Example and parts of a URL
2. Browser interprets user’s selection and makes
request from appropriate server. A URL has two main components:
3. Server accepts and processes request from
browser.
Protocol identifier: For the URL http://example.com, the protocol identifier
is http.
How do I view a Web Page?
protocol path name
To view Web pages on your computer, you need a software program
called a Web browser. Popular Web browsers include Microsoft Internet
Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Apple Safari. You enter a URL http://www.chicagosymphony.org/civicconcerts/index.htm
`
V
in the Address box of the browser window. If you are viewing a Web page,
you can also click a link to view another Web page.
Domain name/ filename
resource name
Link
A link (also called a hyperlink) is text, a graphic, or other object on a Note that the protocol identifier and the resource name are separated by a colon
and two forward slashes. The protocol identifier indicates the name of the protocol
Web page that is linked to another Web page or another area on the current
to be used to fetch the resource. The example uses the Hypertext Transfer
web page. You click a link to “jump” to another Web page, Web site or place Protocol (HTTP), which is typically used to serve up hypertext documents. HTTP
on the same Web page. Links are the main tool you will use to navigate is just one of many different protocols used to access different types of resources
among Web pages. on the net. Other protocols include File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Gopher, File, and
News.
What is URL?
URL (Uniform Resource Locator). The URL for a Web page indicates Common Domain Top Levels Types:
the computer on which it is stored, its location on the Web server, the folder
name or names indicating where it is stored, its filename, and its file .COM for Commercial Organizations Ex: www.yahoo.com
extension. Most browsers provide a space near the top of the window for
entering URLs. A URL never contains a space, even after a punctuation .NET for Network Organizations Ex:www.internic.net
mark. An underline character is sometimes used to give the appearance
.GOV for parts of Govt within US Ex:www.nasa.gov
between words.
.EDU for educational Institutes Ex:www.mit.edu
.MIL for classified Military networks Ex:www.xxx.mil
.ORG for nonprofit Organizations Ex:www.cdc.org
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Sample URL's
o http://lcweb.loc.gov
o http://www.ifla.org
o http://www.ala.org
o http://library.albany.edu/internet/
o http://www.internet101.org/
o http://whatis.techtarget.com/
o http://webopedia.internet.com/
What does it mean if I see http:// in the Address box?
Most URLs begin with http://. HTTP (Hypeterxt Transfer Protocol) is
the technology used to transport Web Pages over the Internet. You might
also see https://, which is used for additional security at Web sites such as Image from: slideshare.net
those that offer banking and shopping . When typing a URL, you do not __________________________________________________________
have to type the http://. Typing www.livingintheitera.com/ work just as well __________________________________________________________
as typing http://www.livingintheitera.com/. Be sure to use the correct type of __________________________________________________________
slash – always a forward slash. __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
V. Take-off _________________________________________________________.
Look for the following terms/concepts:
1. Web 1.0 REFERENCE
2. Web 2.0
3. Web 3.0 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277836873_Introduction_to
_information_and_communication_technologies_-_Module_1
VI. Assessment https://www.slideshare.net/CikguTgs/chap-4-social-impact-of-ict
https://egyanagar.osou.ac.in/download-slm.php?file=CLA-03-
(Prepare for a formative test on the topic tackled. Assessment will be BLOCK-01.pdf
through google forms. Please follow the link sent to your email address.) Albano, G., Atole, R. & Ariola, R. (2003). Introduction to Information
Technology.
Empowerment Technologies | Rex Book Store & Innovative Training
Works, Inc.
VII. Self reflect
Parsons, J & Oja, D. (2012). Understanding Computer Concepts.
Is your life complete with or without the Internet? Reflect to the picture and docs.oracle.com
question below and answer.
