VERSENETM Chelating Agents

Product Overview

Textile Uses for Dow Chelating Agents

Chelating agents are important tools in (O.W.F.) added at the second or third reduces catalytic degradation and fiber
all phases of textile processing. Since use soap bowl in the scouring train. Piece tenderization, resulting in a more stable
in controlling hardness ions and trace goods scouring: 1-2 pounds of VERSENE bleach bath and goods having higher,
heavy metal ions is so varied, only a few 100 added to the “dolly” washer in the more uniform tensile strength. Reduction
of the many applications are discussed. actual scour. Following scour, close the in bleaching costs can also result.
gates and add 1-2 pounds VERSENE 100
Scouring Stages for regeneration of lime soaps and drop For example, adding VERSENEX 80 at 0.10-
Chelating agents, when employed in all bath without further rinse. VERSENE 0.15% (O.W.F.) to the peroxide saturator
cleansing and preparation stages of a Chelating Agent may be omitted in the in continuous two-stage bleaching of
textile finishing operation, perform one scour if present in the fulling soap. cotton fabric changes the bleach bath
or both of the following functions: composition by:
• Increase cleaning stage effectiveness Silk • Enabling reduction of the peroxide
• Remove metal ions that are harmful Degumming bath: 1-2% VERSENE 100 level by 15-20%.
in subsequent bleaching and dyeing (O.W.F.) to increase soap effectiveness. • Enabling reduction of the sodium
operations. silicate level from 1.0-0.75% (O.W.F.);
Rayon additional caustic soda is required to
VERSENETM 100 Chelating Agent is Scouring: 1% VERSENE 100 (O.W.F.) for maintain the alkalinity.
recommended for the control of: hardness ion control.
• Hardness ions above pH 6.0. Boil-off: 0.1-0.4% VERSENE 100 (O.W.F.) to These changes, when compared to the
• Most divalent heavy metal ions control calcium and magnesium scale. previous formula, result in:
throughout the pH range. • Equivalent brightness.
• Ferric ions to below pH 8.0. Synthetic Fabrics • Lower ash content.
0.5% VERSENE 100 (O.W.F.) plus sodium • Reduced fiber degradation as
Either VERSENOLTM 120 Chelating Agent or hydrosulfite at 140-180°F (60-82°C) to strip indicated by lower fluidity values.
Triethanolamine 99 should be considered mordant iron and heavy metals.
for ferric iron control at higher pH Note: In introducing DTPA into a
levels. Based on these considerations, Bleaching Stages peroxide-containing solution, it is
the following recommendations are Heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Mn+2, Fe+3) cause desirable to have DTPA present as its
appropriate: the catalytic degradation of hydrogen calcium or magnesium chelate. If the
peroxide and other peroxygen compounds hardness level in the dilution water is
Cotton used for textile bleaching. In addition not sufficient, then salts such as CaCl2 or
Acid scours: 0.2-0.3% VERSENE 100 (on to loss of bleaching compound, fiber MgSO4 can be added.
weight of fabric [O.W.F.]) to remove iron tenderization results where the mordant/
stains. metal-induced catalytic degradation
occurs in the fiber.
Wool
Raw wool scouring: 0.3-0.6% VERSENE VERSENEX 80 Chelating Agent, by
100 or VERSENEXTM 80 Chelating Agents inactivating the heavy metal ions,
Dyeing Stages addition, VERSENE 100 product should Wool, Silk —addition of 0.5-1.0% VERSENE
Because dyestuffs are sensitive to divalent be used in the soaping-off operation for 100 (O.W.F.) in an acid bath (pH 5.5-7.0)
and trivalent metal ions, the presence of improved brightness. containing zinc hydrosulfite at 160-180°F
hardness ions (magnesium and calcium), (71-82°C).
iron, and copper causes problems in Acetate Dyes
textile dyeing. Precipitates may form, Poor color yield and “speckling” caused Miscellaneous Textile Uses
and dye shades will vary. Dyes may by lime soap formation in acetate dye
also contain metal complexes, so the baths are eliminated by using 1.0% Fatty Finishes
chelating agent chosen should be the one VERSENE 100 (O.W.F.) in the dye bath. VERSENE­ 100 Chelating Agent (0.1-0.5%)
that will not affect the dye composition. Improved leveling and dispersing are helps to prevent discoloration and
obtained and brighter, more uniform rancidity of finish due to metal-caused
Disperse Dyes colors result. catalytic oxidation.
Heavy metal ions such as copper and
iron at low parts per million (<1) can be Sulfur Colors Fulling Soaps
very detrimental to disperse dyes. These The use of 0.2-0.3% VERSENE 100 (O.W.F.) VERSENE 100 product at 1-2 ounces
metal ions can cause dye shade variation in the sulfur dye bath prevents bronzing per gallon of soap prevents lime soap
and precipitate formation, which appears and crocking. This material reduces color formation.
as “blue stain” on the fabric. Either variation and improves color distribution
VERSENETM 100 or VERSENOLTM 120 at throughout the stock. Printing Paste
a level of 0.2-0.5% (O.W.F.) can prevent VERSENE 100 product at 0.5-1.0% in the
these problems. It should also be noted Chrome Dyes paste formula prevents precipitation.
that disperse dyes themselves often Heavy metal ions, particularly iron,
contain large and varying amounts of copper, and nickel, form complexes Rayon Manufacture
heavy metal ion contaminants resulting with the dyestuff, drastically changing Addition of 0.01-0.1% VERSENE 100
from lignin sulfonate dispersants used in the shade and colorfastness of the Chelating Agent to the viscose dissolves
their formulation. The negative effects dye-chromium complex. Use of 1.0- metal silicates and carbonates, and
of these metal ion contaminants can be 1.5% VERSENE 100 (O.W.F.) prevents improves filterability. Washing freshly
counteracted through the addition of a formation of the dye-contaminating spun viscose rayon in a 0.05-0.20% solution
chelating agent. metal ion complex. Chrome dyes are of VERSENE 100 prevents grayness
seldom affected by VERSENE 100 because caused by lead sulfide precipitation,
Vat Dyes, Direct Dyes the chromium chelate, while extremely tenderization of the cord resulting from
Hardness (magnesium and calcium) ions stable, is quite slow in forming. However, precipitation, and subsequent oxidation
decrease the rubfastness and color yield chromium dyestuffs vary widely in the and hydrolysis of zinc sulfide.
with these dyes; heavy metal ions (iron stability of the dye-chromium complex,
and copper) cause substantial dulling and preliminary tests are suggested to Resin Treatment
and changes in shade. VERSENE 100 insure color is unaffected by the addition VERSENE 100 Chelating Agent at 0.25-
Chelating Agent at 0.25-1.0% (O.W.F.) can of a Dow chelating agent. 0.50% (O.W.F.) in the monomer bath
eliminate the problems caused by the prevents premature polymerization
hardness ions and copper; VERSENOL 120 Metalized Dyes and improves resin fixation, abrasion
Chelating Agent will also deactivate the Chelating agents are not recommended resistance, and physical properties of the
iron in this alkaline system. Further for this application. finished fabric.
brightness and rub-fastness are by using
VERSENE 100 Chelating Agent in the Color Stripping from Dyed Fabrics Rubberizing
soaping-off liquors. Dow chelating agent is used in Before latex impregnation, washing of the
stripping baths to inactivate metal ion fabric in a bath containing 0.1% (O.W.F.)
Naphthols contamination caused by corrosion of the VERSENE 100 Chelating Agent removes
Traces of iron and copper ions catalyze equipment. More uniform and effective trace metals, preventing discoloration and
the decomposition of the diazotized stripping then results. The following instability of the finish.
amine; magnesium and calcium ions stripping bath formulas are suggested:
form insoluble salts with naphthol dyes. Starch Finishes
Use of 0.25-1.0% VERSENE 100 Chelating Cotton, Rayon—a formulation of 0.5% Addition of VERSENE 100 Chelating Agent
Agent (O.W.F.) is recommended for both caustic soda, 1.0% sodium hydrosulfite, at 0.1-0.5% helps to prevent dulling of
hardness and heavy metal ion control. and 0.25% wetting agent (all based starch finishes.
The chelating agents should be added to on weight of solutions), plus 0.5-1.0%
the naphtholation bath before applying VERSENE 100 Chelating Agent (O.W.F.).
the naphthol base to the goods. In
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