Ryton PPS High-Temperature, Non-Stick,
Corrosion-Resistant Coatings
Introduction A number of commercial manufacturers supply ready to
use PPS coating formulations for specific purposes. These
Ryton® PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) is a family of specialty
manufacturers provide their own application instructions,
polymers possessing properties desired in many coating
curing recommendations, and technical service.
applications. These include good electrical properties,
excellent chemical resistance, and high heat resistance.
Typical Slurry Formulations
Ryton® PPS resin used for coatings is produced as a
PPS has an excellent affinity for a variety of fillers. If the
finely divided off-white colored powder having a modest
filler can withstand the 371°C (700°F) curing temperature,
molecular weight and high melt flow. This powder may be
it can probably be blended with PPS. Some typical
applied using slurry or electrostatic spray methods and
examples of the many possible Ryton® PPS slurry
the coatings are then fused and cured (cross-linking and/
formulations for specific purposes are listed below.
or chain extension) at temperatures (371°C, 700°F) well
above the melting point of the polymer (285°C, 545°F). Industrial Release
Heating the modest molecular weight resin below the 100 parts Ryton® V-1
melting point in the presence of air partially cures the resin 33 parts TiO2
to a lower melt flow. Then, depending on the degree of
20 parts PTFE
curing, the resulting resins may be selected for powder
185 parts Water
spraying, electrostatic spraying, flocking, or fluidized
100 parts Propylene Glycol
bed deposition methods typically used to apply thicker
4 parts Wetting agent (such as Triton® X-100)
coatings.
This formulation is normally ball milled for 24 hours
Ryton® PPS Coating Resins
Pigmented Coatings
There are presently three grades of Ryton® PPS resins
100 parts Ryton® V-1
most commonly used in coating formulations.
16 parts TiO2
Ryton PR11 and Ryton V-1
® ®
16 parts Pigment
High melt flow, uncured PPS polymers typically used for 185 parts Water
thin coatings (0.013 to 0.051 mm, 0.5 to 2 mils). Use of 60 parts Propylene Glycol
these resins as coatings or components of coatings cured 3.5 parts Wetting agent (such as Triton® X-100)
at temperatures above 371°C (700°F) is permitted by the
This formulation is normally ball milled for 16 hours
FDA (21 CFR 177.2490) for coatings on articles intended
for repeated food contact use. Unpigmented Coatings
100 parts Ryton® V-1
Ryton® P-6
130 parts Water
Moderate melt flow, partially cured PPS polymer
20 parts Propylene Glycol
typically used for thicker coatings (up to 0.25 to
2 parts Wetting agent (such as Triton® X-100)
0.30 mm, 10 to 12 mils).
This formulation is normally ball milled for 12 hours
Technical Bulletin SPECIALTY POLYMERS
Cobalt Oxide Primer These primers should be applied and baked according to
the manufacturers’ instructions. Each of these primers has
100 parts Ryton V-1
®
produced excellent adhesion of Ryton® PPS coatings. In
100 parts Cobalt Oxide
addition, users have noted that Ryton® PPS bonds easily
300 parts Propylene Glycol
to zinc phosphate converted coatings on carbon steel
This formulation is normally ball milled for 16 hours (Battelle Report No. GRI-90/0219).
Copper is very difficult to coat with materials that must be
Surface Preparation cured at elevated temperatures or in cases where the part
The surface preparation is probably the most important is subjected to elevated temperatures during operation.
factor in obtaining a good coating with PPS. This is Copper oxidizes very rapidly and the oxide does not
true for most coatings that require baking at elevated adhere to the substrate. The best results in coating
temperatures. Although in some cases chemical treatment copper have been obtained by either electroless nickel
is sufficient preparation, the preferred method is grit plating or silver plating prior to coating with PPS.
blasting with a 60 to 120 grit medium. The grit should be
Other materials, such as aluminum, may be coated
fresh and free of contamination because contaminated
without primers or treatments other than grit blasting and
blasting medium can deposit foreign material on the part
degreasing.
surface that is difficult to remove. Any contaminant that
will degrade at the curing temperature will produce an
inferior coating. Slurry Coatings
Water based slurries of PPS can be applied using most
Cleaning and Degreasing standard industrial type spray guns. Air pressures from
1.0 to 3.8 bar (15 to 55 psi) can be used depending on the
Cleaning and degreasing of the parts is equally
particular equipment employed. The spray gun should be
important to surface preparation. Any part to be coated
adjusted to produce a fine mist that will produce a wet film
with PPS should be thoroughly degreased. This can
of 0.025 to 0.038 mm (1.0 to 1.5 mils). The slurry coated
be accomplished by various methods such as vapor
part may go directly into the oven for curing. Air drying or
degreasing, solvent washing, sonic degreasing, and
preheating is not required for Ryton® PPS slurry coatings.
thermal degradation. Parts that have been exposed
Multiple coats, except for formulations containing PTFE,
to cutting oils, rust inhibiting chemicals, and other
can be applied by repeating the spraying procedure.
preservatives should be degreased prior to grit blasting. It
Coating thickness up to 0.25 to 0.38 mm (10 to 15 mils)
is also recommended that the part be degreased after a
can be achieved by slurry spraying. The first coat should
grit blasting operation. The recommended procedure for
not be applied more than 0.038 mm (1.5 mils) thick, but
castings is to bake the parts at a temperature from 11°C
the second and subsequent coats can be applied as
to 28°C (20°F to 50°F) above the maximum expected
thick as 0.064 mm (2.5 mils) without experiencing mud
curing temperature. This will degrade any oils and trapped
cracking. A thicker first coat will usually produce severe
gases that could cause holidays in the coating. This pre-
mud cracking. Slurry coated parts should be baked at
bake should be done prior to grit blasting. In some cases,
a temperature of at least 371°C (700°F) for at least 30
castings have some porosity. If this porosity is large, it is
minutes. A curing schedule for minimum and maximum
recommended that it be filled by welding or with some
time for various temperatures is provided below.
material that will withstand the baking temperature prior
to coating with PPS. Care should be exercised in handling
parts after cleaning so that body oils are not deposited Electrostatic Coating
on the part. If the parts must be handled, the use of clean Electrostatic spraying can be done on either cold or hot
cloth gloves is recommended. surfaces. Listed below are steps for obtaining optimum
coatings using both techniques.
Primers for Ryton® PPS Coatings
Cold Electrostatic Spraying
For most materials that are to be coated with PPS,
1. The surface should be prepared by degreasing and
primers are not required for external coatings. Internal
grit blasting with clean grit, with care being taken not
coatings for pipe, fittings, valves, etc., made from steel,
to contaminate the cleaned surfaces. Small, intricate,
cast iron, or stainless steel, require a primer for best
or ceramic surfaces should be preheated to 371°C
adhesion. There may be other primers that will prevent
(700°F) and then cooled to room temperature. This will
oxidation of the substrate and promote adhesion, but the
form an oxide on the surface and the first coat will give
best materials tested to this point are:
better coverage.
• Corro Therm CT-33
2. Coat the surface evenly to a 0.051 to 0.076 mm (2 to
• Sermetel W 3 mils) maximum film thickness per pass.
• Cobalt Oxide
2 \ High Temperature, Non-Stick, Corrosion Resistant Coatings of Ryton® Polyphenylene Sulfide
3. Place the coated part in a circulating air oven at 371°C a flocking gun onto the part to a thickness of 0.25 to
(700°F) until 5 to 10 minutes after the coating melts. 0.38 mm (10 to 15 mils). If a thicker coating is desired,
Cool the part to room temperature, and then repeat it is preferable to apply two or more coats with a 30 to
this procedure until the desired thickness has been 45 minute cure between coats. Applying the coating too
achieved. thick in one pass can produce blistering in the coating.
To produce a smooth, glossy PPS coating, the powder
4. Final cure at 371°C (700°F) should be approximately 45
should be sprayed on the part only as long as it readily
minutes for coatings up to 0.13 mm (5 mils) thickness
melts. The addition of powder that does not melt will result
and 90 minutes for coatings of 0.13 to 0.25 mm (5 to 10
in a rough, gritty coating. The powder coated part should
mils) thickness.
be returned to the curing oven as soon as possible,
Hot Electrostatic Spraying at least prior to the part cooling to below the melting
temperature of PPS (285 °C, 545 °F). Cooling the uncured
1. Use the same surface preparation as for the cold
coated part below the melt point could result in the
spraying technique specified above.
coating cracking. The coating should be cured according
2. The initial coat (0.051 to 0.076 mm, 2 to 3 mils) should to the curing schedule given below, which depends on the
be applied at room temperature, and the part then coating thickness and the temperature selected.
heated to 371°C (700°F). Subsequent coats may then
be applied hot. If the part does not have enough mass Coating Properties
to retain sufficient heat to melt the PPS as it is applied, Typical properties of Ryton® PPS coatings are shown in
it is not suitable for hot spraying and should be cold Table 1 and Table 2. Further information on the properties
sprayed. and chemical resistance of Ryton® PPS coatings is
3. When melting of the powder starts slowing down, provided in the accompanying technical reprint.
place the part back in the oven to reheat it to 371°C Table 1: Properties of polyphenylene sulfide
(700°F) and then continue spraying. If the coating coatings
should sag or run, the coating is being applied too
heavily, and thinner coatings should be applied. PPS:TiO2, PPS:TiO2 :PTFE,
4. Final cure at 371°C (700°F) should be approximately 45 Property 100:33 [Link]
minutes for coatings up to 0.13 mm (5 mils) thickness, Hardness, pencil 2H 2H
90 minutes for coatings of 0.13 to 0.25 mm (5 to 10 Mandrel bend, 180° Pass Pass
mils) thickness, and 120 minutes for coatings of 0.25 4.85 mm (3/16”)
mm to 0.51 mm (10 to 20 mils) thickness. Elongation, %, 32 32
ASTM D522
Fluidized Bed Coating Reverse impact, in·lbs (J) 160 (18.1) 160 (18.1)
This method will produce smooth, glossy finishes but Abrasion resistance, Taber, 50 57
is limited to thicker, heavier parts that will retain heat CS-17 wheel,
long enough to melt the resin and coat the part with the mg/1000 rev.
desired thickness. The part is heated in an oven to 371°C Chemical resistance Excellent Excellent
(700°F) then removed and immersed in the fluidized Thermal stability Excellent Excellent
bed as quickly as possible. While in the bed, the part is
kept in motion to ensure a uniform coating. One to three
Table 2: Long term stability of polyphenylene sulfide
seconds of immersion is generally sufficient to yield a
coatings in air at 260°C (500°F)
0.13 to 0.25 mm (5 to 10 mils) coating. After removing
the part from the fluidized bed, the excess un-melted Weight Loss [%]
powder is removed by air or vibration. The coated part is Exposure Time PPS:TiO2 , PPS:TiO2 :PTFE,
then immediately placed in a circulating air oven before [hours] 100:33 [Link]
the coating surface cools. The coating should then be 24 0.003 0.02
baked at 371°C (700°F). Multiple coats are recommended
100 0.06 0.07
to ensure pinhole free coatings. After the first coat and
while the item is hot from baking, the dipping and baking 500 0.18 0.21
operation should be repeated. 1000 0.50 0.34
1182 0.47 (cracked) 0.31
Powder Spraying (Flocking) 1686 ----- 0.95 (cracked)
Flocking can only be done on a hot part. After the proper
surface preparation, degreasing, or priming has been
done, the part should be preheated to 371°C to 427°C
(700°F to 800°F). The PPS powder is then sprayed with
3 \ High Temperature, Non-Stick, Corrosion Resistant Coatings of Ryton® Polyphenylene Sulfide
Curing Schedule Steel Plate
Diameter: 17.8 cm (7 inches) 2.5 hours
Curing of PPS coatings is dependent on the coating
Thickness: 10.2 cm (4 inches)
thickness, temperature and time. The following is the
Weight: 19.5 Kg (43 lbs)
recommended curing schedule:
For parts with large variation in thickness, it may be
Thin coatings – 0.025 to 0.05 mm (1 to 2 mils)
desirable to use a thermocouple on the heaviest section
Temperature Minimum Time Maximum Time to determine when the part has reached the curing
316°C (600°F) 16 hours 72 hours temperature.
342°C (650°F) 6 hours 48 hours
371°C (700°F) 30 minutes 12 hours
Ryton® PPS Applications
The case histories of successful applications of Ryton®
399°C (750°F) 20 minutes 8 hours
PPS coatings are much too numerous to list in this paper.
427°C (800°F) 5 minutes 2 hours It has been successfully used in many applications (many
454°C (850°F) 3 minutes 30 minutes in high temperature, highly corrosive environments)
such as pipe couplings, pumps, valves, tanks, reactors,
Thick coatings – 0.25 mm (10 mils) sucker rods, oil well tubing, fan drive discs, coil insulation
in motors, masking insulation on electrodes used for
Temperature Minimum Time Maximum Time electrowinning metals, and many, many others. In
316°C (600°F) ----- 72 hours addition, it has been recommended that PPS coatings
342°C (650°F) 12 hours 48 hours be more completely evaluated over extended periods in
heat exchangers in typical condensing furnaces (Battelle
371°C (700°F) 1.5 hours 12 hours
Report No. GRI-90/0219). Another good application for
399°C (750°F) 1 hour 6 hours
PPS is for cookware non-stick coatings. This is presently
427°C (800°F) 34 minutes 2 hours the largest single use for PPS coatings.
These times for curing PPS coatings do not include If there is a problem where high temperature and/or
the heating time required to bring the part to the curing corrosion are encountered, then Ryton® PPS coatings will
temperature. The time required to bring the part to probably be the answer.
this temperature must be added to the cure time. The
following are some representative times required to heat
substances to 371°C (700°F):
Pipe
Length: 5 inches (12.7 cm) 30 minutes
Diameter: 10.2 cm (4 inches)
Weight: 2.04 Kg (4.5 lbs)
Open steel box 1 hour
Sides: 20.3 cm (8 inches)
Wall Thickness: 2.54 cm (1 inch)
Weight: 10.4 Kg (23 lbs)
[Link]
[Link]@[Link] | Europe, Middle East and Africa
[Link]@[Link] | Americas
[Link]@[Link] | Asia Pacific
Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are available by emailing us or contacting your sales representative. Always consult the appropriate SDS before using
any of our products. Neither Solvay Specialty Polymers nor any of its affiliates makes any warranty, express or implied, including merchantability
or fitness for use, or accepts any liability in connection with this product, related information or its use. Some applications of which Solvay’s
products may be proposed to be used are regulated or restricted by applicable laws and regulations or by national or international standards
and in some cases by Solvay’s recommendation, including applications of food/feed, water treatment, medical, pharmaceuticals, and personal
care. Only products designated as part of the Solviva® family of biomaterials may be considered as candidates for use in implantable medical
devices. The user alone must finally determine suitability of any information or products for any contemplated use in compliance with applicable
law, the manner of use and whether any patents are infringed. The information and the products are for use by technically skilled persons at
their own discretion and risk and does not relate to the use of this product in combination with any other substance or any other process.
This is not a license under any patent or other proprietary right. All trademarks and registered trademarks are property of the companies that
comprise Solvay Group or their respective owners.
© 2015 Solvay Specialty Polymers. All rights reserved. D 08/2002 | R 01/2015 | Version 1.0
Technical Data Sheet
Ryton PPS Coating Resins
®
Polyphenylene Sulfide
Ryton® PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) resins used for coatings 427 °C (800 °F) to form high-temperature, non-stick,
are finely divided powders having a modest molecular weight corrosion-resistant coatings. For further information on
and high melt flow. The powders (neat or mixed with other Ryton® PPS coatings, request Ryton® PPS TSM-275
components) may be applied using slurry or electrostatic high-temperature, non-stick, corrosion-resistant grades.
spray methods, and then fused and cured (cross-linking
and chain extension) at temperatures from 316 °C (600 °F) to
Property Unit V-1 PR11 P-6 Test Method
Melt flow, 316 °C melt temperature, g/10 min 5,000 5,000 380 ASTM D1283,
5 kg weight Method B
Ash wt % 0.8 0.8 0.8
Particle size
35 mesh wt % passing 99.8 99 95
60 mesh wt % passing 99.5 95 90
Color Off white Off white Tan
Note: S
ome powders may be available only in limited quantities.
Off-gas products produced during processing can be irritants to mucous membranes, therefore adequate ventilation is
recommended.
A number of manufacturers supply ready to use Ryton® PPS coating formulations for specific purposes. Those manufacturers
provide their own application instructions, curing recommendations, and technical service.
The nominal properties reported herein are typical of the product but do not reflect normal testing variance and therefore should
not be used for specification purposes.
[Link]
[Link]@[Link] | Europe, Middle East and Africa
[Link]@[Link] | Americas
[Link]@[Link] | Asia Pacific
Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are available by emailing us or contacting your sales representative. Always consult the appropriate SDS before using
any of our products. Neither Solvay Specialty Polymers nor any of its affiliates makes any warranty, express or implied, including merchantability
or fitness for use, or accepts any liability in connection with this product, related information or its use. Some applications of which Solvay’s
products may be proposed to be used are regulated or restricted by applicable laws and regulations or by national or international standards
and in some cases by Solvay’s recommendation, including applications of food/feed, water treatment, medical, pharmaceuticals, and personal
care. Only products designated as part of the Solviva ® family of biomaterials may be considered as candidates for use in implantable medical
devices. The user alone must finally determine suitability of any information or products for any contemplated use in compliance with applicable
law, the manner of use and whether any patents are infringed. The information and the products are for use by technically skilled persons at
their own discretion and risk and does not relate to the use of this product in combination with any other substance or any other process.
This is not a license under any patent or other proprietary right. All trademarks and registered trademarks are property of the companies that
comprise Solvay Group or their respective owners.
© 2015 Solvay Specialty Polymers. All rights reserved. D 01/2004 | R 01/2015 | Version 1.0 Design by [Link]
