Subject: Instruments Optics

MCQ
There are _________ basic principles, on which automated refractometers are based.
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
There are _______________ different methods for examining eye with the slit lamp.
a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) 8
The field of view of an indirect ophthalmoscope is _______________.
a) 6°
b) 15°
c) 25°
d) 26°
In ‘with the rule’ astigmatism, ____________ mires are seen.
a) Vertically oval
b) Horizontally oval
c) Obliquely oval
d) None of the above
OCT is especially suited for ______________ disorders.
a) Retinal
b) Optic Nerve
c) Macular
d) All of the above
The clinical technique, used to examine structures in the anterior chamber angle, is known
as _____________.
a) Perimetry
b) Tonometry
c) Gonioscopy
d) Ophthalmoscopy
__________ causes error in keratometry readings.
a) Distorted cornea
b) Excessive tearing
c) Abnormal lid position
d) All of the above
The technique of testing the field of vision is known as ____________
a) Optometry
b) Keratometry
c) Refractometry
d) Perimetry
The eyepiece tubes of a slit lamp are converged at an angle of ________.
a) 5°
b) 5-10°
c) 10-15°
d) 20°
In Javal-Schiotz keratometer, the doubling of the image is achieved by ___________.
a) Reflecting mirrors
b) Rotating glass plates
c) Wollaston prism
d) Fresnel prism
During Keratometry, inclination and jumping of mires is seen in __________.
a) Regular astigmatism
b) Irregular astigmatism
c) Keratoconus
d) All of the above
In direct ophthalmoscope, the field of view is directly proportional to __________.
a) Observer’s pupil size
b) Patient’s pupil size
c) Both
d) None of the above
The stage of retinoscopy in which the observer views the illuminated retina of the patient,
is known as ___________.
a) Illumination stage
b) Reflex stage
c) Projection stage
d) None of the above
The slit lamp has __________ basic parts.
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
The view observed through the direct gonioscope is __________.
a) Straight
b) Inverted
c) Laterally inverted
d) None of the above
The Optometer principle uses ___________, placed before the pupil.
a) A convex lens
b) A concave lens
c) Double pinhole
d) None of the above
In Keratometry, the image size is _____________ the curvature of cornea.
a) Directly proportional to
b) Inversely proportional to
 c) Equal to
d) Less than
__________ perimetry is done manually.
a) Static
b) Kinetic
c) Automated
d) None of the above
OCT utilizes the phenomenon of _____________.
a) Interference
b) Coherence
c) Polarization
d) Diffraction
The end point of keratometry is reached when _____________.
a) The doubled images are seen
b) The doubled images overlap
c) The doubled images just touch
d) None of the above
___________ is the major refracting surface of the eye.
a) Anterior surface of Cornea
b) Posterior surface of Cornea
c) Anterior surface od Lens
d) Posterior surface of Lens
In focimeter, the distance through which the target is moved, is directly proportional to
_____________.
a) Vergence of the lens
b) Power of collimating lens
c) Power of test lens
d) None of the above
Most placido-disc based systems project around ________ concentric rings on the cornea.
a) 2 - 8
b) 4 - 16
c) 6 - 24
d) 8 – 32
The Javal-Schiotz is the ____________ keratometer.
a) 1 position
b) 2 position
c) 3 position
d) All of the above
In practice, the retinoscopy is performed at a distance of ___________.
a) 1 m
b) 1.5 m
c) 1/2 m
d) 2/3 m
In keratometry, the plus signs are superimposed to measure the curvature of ___________
of cornea.
a) Anterior surface
b) Posterior surface
c) Vertical meridian
d) Horizontal meridian
In Lensometer, the length of the lines, when testing cylindrical lens, is directly proportional
to ____________.
a) Axis of the cylinder
b) Axis opposite to cylinder
c) Power of the cylinder
d) None of the above
Keratometry is the measurement of curvature of _________.
a) Anterior surface of cornea
b) Posterior surface of cornea
c) Anterior surface of lens
d) Posterior surface of lens
In direct ophthalmoscope, the field of view is smaller in ____________.
a) Myopia
b) Hypermetropia
c) Emmetropia
d) Astigmatism
____________ is the instrument used for measuring the corneal thickness.
a) Gonioscopy
b) Pachymeter
c) Keratometer
d) B Scan
The term ‘optometer’ was first used in __________.
a) 1619
b) 1659
c) 1719
d) 1759
Glasses are calibrated in the power of their _____________.
a) Back vertex
b) Front vertex
c) Front and back vertices
d) None of the above
For direct gonioscopy, the cornea is anesthetized with ___________________.
a) 4 % alcaine
b) 4 % proparacaine
c) 4 % lidocaine
d) 4 % xylocaine
The area of retina that can be seen at one time, is called ______________.
a) Visual field
b) Field of illumination
c) Field of view
 d) None of the above
The principal of gonioscopy is to eliminate the optical effects of cornea, thus overcoming
the phenomenon of _________.
a) Interference
b) Total internal reflection
c) Refraction
d) Polarization
The Javel-Schiotz keratometer is calibrated such that each step of the mire is equivalent to
________ of corneal power.
a) 4 dioptre
b) 3 dioptre
c) 2 dioptre
d) 1 dioptre
An ‘against’ movement of reflex always indicates __________.
a) Hypermetropia
b) Myopia
c) Astigmatism
d) All of the above
Goldmann gonioprisms need coupling material, because ___________ of the lens is more
than cornea.
a) Refractive Index
b) Power
c) Curvature
d) Diameter
The eyepiece contains a graticule and a protector scale for measuring __________.
a) Axis of cylinder
b) Prismatic power
c) Both a & b
d) None of the above
The unit for measurement of IOP is ____________.
a) mm
b) Watt
c) Pascal
d) mm of mercury
_____________ gonioprism has got four prisms and allows examination of whole angle
without rotating the lens.
a) Goldmann
b) Posner
c) Tokel
d) Allen-Thorpe
In von Helmholtz keratometer, the image size is ___________.
a) Fixed
b) Constant
c) Variable
 d) None of the above
Zeiss gonioprism has four identical mirrors, angled at ___________.
a) 60°
b) 62°
c) 64°
d) 66°
In direct ophthalmoscope, the field of view is inversely proportional to ____________.
a) Patient pupil size
b) Observer -- patient distance
c) Ophthalmoscope mirror aperture
d) Observer pupil size
In Goldmann three-mirror gonioprism, the mirror inclined at 67° is used to examine
_____________.
a) Trabecular meshwork
b) Pars plana area
c) Ora serrata area
d) None of the above
In focimeter, the target light is of _________ color to eliminate chromatic aberrations.
a) Blue
b) Red
c) Yellow
d) Green
In retinoscopy, the power of working distance lens _____________.
a) Is constant
b) Is directly proportional to working distance
c) Is inversely proportional to working distance
d) Does not depend on working distance
In tonometry, smaller contact area gives error because of _________.
a) Surface tension
b) Corneal rigidity
c) Corneal curvature
d) Aspheric structure of cornea
In keratometry, doubling of the image is done to overcome the effect of __________.
a) Corneal curvature
b) Corneal astigmatism
c) Eye movements
d) None of the above
The instrument used to measure the Intra Ocular Pressure, is known as _________.
a) Focimeter
b) Tonometer
c) Pachymeter
d) Keratometer
The principal of gonioscopy is to eliminate the optical effects of cornea, thus overcoming
the phenomenon of _________.
 a) Interference
b) Total internal reflection
c) Refraction
d) Polarization
In biomicroscopy, when the beam of light is thrown slightly out of focus across the
structure being observed, the method is known as ___________.
a) Direct illumination
b) Diffuse illumination
c) Lateral illumination
d) Retro-illumination
The magnification given by indirect ophthalmoscope is __________.
a) 2-4 X
b) 3-5 X
c) 4-6 X
d) 5-7 X
The pachymeter works by measuring the distance between the ___________ Purkinje-
Sanson images.
a) 1st & 2nd
b) 2nd & 3rd
c) 3rd & 4th
d) 2nd & 4th
_____________gonioprism has got four prisms and allows examination of whole angle
without rotating the lens.
a) Goldmann
b) Posner
c) Tokel
d) Allen-Thorpe
A plus number is used to neutralize ___________ movement of retinoscopic reflex.
a) With
b) Against
c) Scissoring
d) Swirling
The view observed through the direct gonioscope is __________.
a) Straight
b) Inverted
c) Laterally inverted
d) None of the above
A focimeter consists of _________ main parts.
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
In colour coded maps of corneal topographic systems, ‘Hot colours’ depict _________
portions of cornea.
 a) Flat
b) Steep
c) Low powered
d) None of the above
In modern slit lamps, __________ is used as source of light.
a) Nernst lamps
b) Nitra lamps
c) Murcury vapour lamps
d) Halogen lamps
The normal range of introcular pressure of a human eye is _________.
a) 10 - 15 mm Hg
b) 12 - 18 mm Hg
c) 12 - 22 mm Hg
d) 15 - 22 mm Hg
Retinoscopes use two mirror system, a plane mirror and a __________ mirror.
a) Convex
b) Concave
c) Plano-convex
d) Biconcave
In direct ophthalmoscope, the field of view is governed by the image of the __________ on
the retina.
a) Light source
b) Observer’s pupil
c) Sight hole
d) Aperture in the center of mirror
In Goldmann three-mirror gonioprism, the mirror inclined at 67° is used to examine
_____________.
a) Trabecular meshwork
b) Pars plana area
c) Ora serrata area
d) None of the above
A collimating lens makes the rays ___________.
a) Convergent
b) Divergent
c) Parallel
d) None of the above