QUESTION BANK WITH ANSWER
[Link] KENDRAPARA
CLASS-X
TOPIC-POLYNOMIALS
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS ( 1 Mark )
1) Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeros are 5and - 8
Sol. Sum of zeros = 5 +(-8) = - 3
Product of zeros = 5 × (-8) = -40
The quadratic polynomial = 𝑥 2 − (𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑒𝑠)𝑥 + 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑒𝑠
=𝑥 2 − (−3)𝑥 + (−40)
= 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 40
2)If one zero of the quadratic polynomial 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 6 is 6 then find the other zero.
Soi. Let α,6 be the zeroes of given polynomial
Then α + 6 = 5
⟹ α = -1
The other zeros is -1
3) Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 5+√2and 5−√2
Sol. If αand β are the zeroes of the polynomials
𝑥 2 −(α+β)+αβ
Here α+β = 5+√2+5−√2=10
αβ=(5+√2)(5−√2) =25−4 =21
Therefore quadratic Polynomial is
𝑥 2 −10x+21
4) If a and b are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 find the
value of 𝑎4 𝑏3 .+ 𝑎3 𝑏4
−4
[Link] a+b = − ( 1 ) = 4 and ab=3
𝑎4 𝑏3 + 𝑎3 𝑏4 = 𝑎3 𝑏3 (𝑎 + 𝑏) = (𝑎𝑏)3 (𝑎 + 𝑏)
= 33 × 4 = 27 × 4 = 108
Q. 5. What is the degree of the polynomial 2x4 – 3x 3 – 3x 2 + 6x – 2.
(a) 4
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) −2
Sol. (a)
Explanation : The highest power of the polynomial is the degree of the
polynomial, therefore highest power is 4.
Q.6. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + (a + 1) x + b are 2 and − 3, then
value of a and b is
(a) a = − 7, b = − 1
(b) a = 5, b = − 1
(c) a = 2, b = − 6
(d) a = 0, b = − 6
Sol. (d)
As 2 and -3 are zeroes of the polynomial
F(2)=0 and f(-3)=0
𝟐𝟐 + (𝒂 + 𝟏)𝟐 + 𝒃 = 𝟎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 (−𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒂 + 𝟏)(−𝟑) + 𝒃 = 𝟎
4+2a+2+b=0 and 9+(-3)a+(-3)+b=0
6+2a+b=0 and 6 -3a+b =0
2a+b=-6 --------- (i) and -3a+b = -6 --------- (ii)
Comparing both the equation
2a+b= (-3a)+b ⟹ a=0
Putting the value of a in equation(i) we get b= -6
So the required solution is a=0 and b=-6
SHORT ANSWER QUESTION ( 2 Marks )
1)If one of the zeros of the quadratic polynomial (𝑘 − 1)𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 1 is -3,then find
the value of k .
Sol. Since -3 is a zero of the given polynomial
(𝑘 − 1)(−3)2 + 𝑘(−3) + 1 =
⟹9𝑘 − 9 − 3𝑘 + 1 = 0
4
⟹6𝑘 − 8 = 0 ⟹ 6𝑘 = 8 ⟹ 𝑘 =
3
2) If 1 is a zeros of the polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 − 3(𝑎 − 1)𝑥 − 1,then find
the value of a
Sol. Put 𝑥 = 1 𝑖𝑛 𝑝(𝑥)
𝑝(1) = 𝑎(1)2 − 3(𝑎 − 1) × 1 − 1 = 0
⟹ 𝑎 − 3𝑎 + 3 − 1 = 0 ⟹ −2𝑎 = −2 ⟹ 𝑎 = 1
3)For what value of k ,is 3 a zero of the polynomial 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑘 ?
Sol. Since 3 is a zero of the polynomial 𝑝(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑘
P(3)=0
⟹ 𝑝(3) = 2(3)2 + 3 + 𝑘
⟹ 0= 18 +3 +k
⟹ k= -21
4) If α, β are the zeroes of the polynomial 𝟐𝒚𝟐 + 𝟕𝒚 + 𝟓, write the value of α+ β+ αβ
Sol. 𝑷(𝒚) = 𝟐𝒚𝟐 + 𝟕𝒚 + 𝟓
−𝟕 𝟓
Then α+ β= and αβ =
𝟐 𝟐
−𝟕 𝟓 −𝟐
So α+ β+ αβ= + = = -1
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
5) If one zero of the polynomial 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟏 is 2+√𝟑, write the other zero.
Sol. Let the other zero be α,
−4
Then (2+√𝟑) + α, = −( 1 )
⟹ α = 4 − 2 − √3 = 2 − √3
6)Find the value of “p” from the polynomial x2 + 3x + p, if one of the zeroes of the
polynomial is 2.
Solution:
As 2 is the zero of the polynomial,
x2 + 3x + p, for x = 2
Now, put x = 2
22 + 3(2) + p = 0
=> 4 + 6 + p = 0
Or, p = -10
7). Find the zeros of the polynomial p(x) = 2x2+3-7x.
Ans : Let f(x) = 2x2-7x+3
= 2x2-6x-x+3
= 2x (x-3) -1(x-3)
= (x-3) (2x-1)
Hence, the value of f(x)= 0 when
Either x - 3= 0 or 2x-1=0
x= 3 or 2x= 1
X= 3 or x= 1/2
Therefore, Zeros of f(x) = 3, 1/2
SHORT ANSWER QUESTION ( 3 Marks )
1) Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomials 𝑡 2 − 15 and verify the relationship between
the zeroes and the coefficients.
Sol. 𝑡 2 − 15 = (𝑡 − √15)(𝑡 + √15)
The value of 𝑡 2 − 15 will be zero if the value of (𝑡 − √15)(𝑡 + √15) is zero
i.e (𝑡 − √15) = 0 ⟹ 𝑡 = √15
or (𝑡 + √15) = 0 ⟹ 𝑡 = −√15
hence the zeros of 𝑡 2
− 15 are √15 and −√15
−𝒄𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇𝒕
now sum of the zeroes = √𝟏𝟓 + −√𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎 = 𝒄𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝟐
−𝟏𝟓 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕
and product of zeroes = √𝟏𝟓 × −√𝟏𝟓 = −𝟏𝟓 = =
𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝟐
2) For what value of k ,is the polynomial 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙𝟒 − 𝟗𝒙𝟑 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙 + 𝒌 completely
divisible by 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓.
Sol. 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙𝟒 − 𝟗𝒙𝟑 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙 + 𝒌
𝒈(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓
since . 𝒇(𝒙) is completely divisible by 𝒈(𝒙), 𝒓(𝒙) = 𝟎
𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓 𝟑𝒙𝟒 − 𝟗𝒙𝟑 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙 + 𝒌 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟐
3𝑥 4 −5𝑥 2
- +
-------------------------------------
−9𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 + 𝑘
−9𝑥 3 +15𝑥
+ -
________________
6𝑥 2 + 𝑘
6𝑥 2 − 10
- +
_________________
𝑘 + 10 = 𝑟(𝑥)
But 𝑟(𝑥) = 0
So 𝑘 + 10 = 0 ⟹𝑘 = −10
3) Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2–2x –8 and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and the coefficients.
Solutions:
x2–2x –8
⇒ x2– 4x+2x–8 = x(x–4)+2(x–4) = (x-4)(x+2)
Therefore, zeroes of polynomial equation x2–2x–8 are (4, -2)
Sum of zeroes = 4–2 = 2 = -(-2)/1 = -(Coefficient of x)/(Coefficient of x2)
Product of zeroes = 4×(-2) = -8 =-(8)/1 = (Constant term)/(Coefficient of x2)
4) Find a quadratic polynomial with √2, 1/3 as the sum and product of its zeroes
respectively.
Solution:
Sum of zeroes = α + β =√2
Product of zeroes = α β = 1/3
∴ If α and β are zeroes of any quadratic polynomial, then the quadratic polynomial equation can
be written directly as:-
x2–(α+β)x +αβ = 0
x2 –(√2)x + (1/3) = 0
3x2-3√2x+1 = 0
Thus, 3x2-3√2x+1 is the quadratic polynomial.
5) How many zeros does the polynomial (x – 3)2 – 4 can have? Also, find its zeroes.
Solution:
Given equation is (x – 3)2 – 4
Now, expand this equation.
=> x2 + 9 – 6x – 4
= x2 – 6x + 5
As the equation has a degree of 2, the number of zeroes it will have is 2.
Now, solve x2 – 6x + 5 = 0 to get the roots.
So, x2 – x – 5x + 5 = 0
=> x(x-1) -5(x-1) = 0
=> (x-1)(x-5)
So, the roots are 1 and 5.
Q.6. Find the zeroes of the polynomial x2 – 3 and verify the
relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients.
Solution :. we can write: x2 – 3 = ( x+ √3) (x- √3x) [using the identity a2
– b2 = (a – b)(a + b)]
So, the value of x 2 – 3 is zero when x = √3 or x = – √3 ⋅
∴ the zeroes of x 2 – 3 are √3 and -√3
Now,
−b −(coefficient of x)
sum of zeroes = √3+(-√3)= √3-√3=0 = a = (coefficient of x2 )
c constant
product of zeroes = (√3)(- √3) = -3=a =
(coefficient of x2 )
7). Find a quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are -3 and 4
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION ( 4 Marks)
1) If the zeroes of the polynomial x3-3x2+x+1 are a – b, a, a + b, find a and b.
Solutions: We are given with the polynomial here,
p(x) = x3-3x2+x+1 and zeroes are given as a – b, a, a + b
Now, comparing the given polynomial with general expression, we get;
∴px3+qx2+rx+s = x3-3x2+x+1
p = 1, q = -3, r = 1 and s = 1
Sum of zeroes = a – b + a + a + b
-q/p = 3a
Putting the values q and p.
-(-3)/1 = 3a
a=1
Thus, the zeroes are 1-b, 1, 1+b.
Now, product of zeroes = 1(1-b)(1+b)
-s/p = 1-b2
-1/1 = 1-b2
b2 = 1+1 = 2
b = √2
Hence,1-√2, 1 ,1+√2 are the zeroes of x3-3x2+x+1
2) If two zeroes of the polynomial x4-6x3-26x2+138x-35 are 2 ±√3, find other zeroes.
Solutions: Since this is a polynomial equation of degree 4, hence there will be total 4 roots.
Let f(x) = x4-6x3-26x2+138x-35
Since 2 +√3 and 2-√3 are zeroes of given polynomial f(x).
∴ [x−(2+√3)] [x−(2-√3)] = 0
(x−2−√3)(x−2+√3) = 0
On multiplying the above equation we get,
x2-4x+1, this is a factor of a given polynomial f(x).
Now, if we will divide f(x) by g(x), the quotient will also be a factor of f(x) and the remainder will
be 0.
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 35
𝑥 4 − 6𝑥 3 − 26𝑥 2 + 138𝑥 − 35
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1
𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2
− + −
_______________________
−2𝑥 3 − 27𝑥 2 + 138𝑥 − 35
−2𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 − 2𝑥
+ − +
___________________________
−35𝑥 2 + 140𝑥 − 35
−35𝑥 2 + 140𝑥 − 35
+ − +
_____________________________
So, x4-6x3-26x2+138x-35 = (x2-4x+1)(x2 –2x−35)
Now, on further factorizing (x2–2x−35) we get,
x2–(7−5)x −35 = x2– 7x+5x+35 = 0
x(x −7)+5(x−7) = 0
(x+5)(x−7) = 0
So, its zeroes are given by:
x= −5 and x = 7.
Therefore, all four zeroes of given polynomial equation are: 2+√3 , 2-√3, −5 and 7.
3) α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 – 6x + y. Find the value of ‘y’ if 3α + 2β
= 20.
Solution:
Let, f(x) = x² – 6 x + a
From the question,
3α + 2β = 20
From f(x),
α + β = 6———————(ii)
And,
αβ = y———————(iii)
Multiply equation (ii) by 2. Then, subtract the whole equation from equation (i),
=> α = 20 – 12 = 8
Now, substitute this value in equation (ii),
=> β = 6-8 = -2
put the value of α and β in equation (iii) to get the value of y, such as;
y = αβ = -16
4) If a and b are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=𝑥 2 − 𝑝𝑥+q, prove that
Sol. Here
a+b= p and ab =q
𝑎2 𝑏2
LHS = 2
+
𝑏 𝑎2
𝑏 𝑎
=( + )2 −2
𝑏 𝑎
𝑎 2 +𝑏2 2
=( ) −2
𝑎𝑏
(𝑎+𝑏)2 −2𝑎𝑏)2
=( )−2
(𝑎𝑏)2
𝑝2 −2𝑞)2
=( )−2
𝑞2
𝑝4 +4𝑞2 −4𝑝2 𝑞
= −2
𝑞2
𝑝4 𝑝2
= 𝑞2 + 4 − 4 𝑞
−2
𝑝4 𝑝2
=𝑞2 − 4 𝑞
+2
= RHS
5) If one of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial is zero, find the product of other two zeroes.
