FURNITURE

DESIGN
DIPAK SONAR 201110009
SHYAM AGRAWAL 201110041
Furniture
• The movable articles that are intended to support various human activities used to make a room or building suitable for living or working in,
such as tables, chairs, or desks, etc
• Functions- Storage, Eating, Seating, Sleeping, Working, etc
 History of furniture

Prehistory Ancient Egypt Greece Rome Middle ages

Renaissance 17th and 18th century 19th century Modernism Contemporary

Types of furniture
Chair Table
• type of seat, typically designed for one person and consisting of • an item of furniture with a raised flat top and is supported most
one or more legs commonly by 1 or 4 legs
• used as a surface for working at, eating from or on which to place
things
Desk Bed
• Used as a working surface in schools, offices etc • Used as a place to sleep, rest and relax
Cupboard Sofa/Couch
• piece of furniture with a door and typically shelves, used for • a piece of furniture that a few people can comfortably sit on
storage together
Bench Stool
• a long seat that can accommodate several people simultaneously • a raised seat commonly supported by three or four legs, but with
neither armrests nor a backrest (in early stools), and typically
built to accommodate one occupant
• Also use to stand on for taking out thing from a height
• Nightstand • Dresser
• a small low bedside table, typically having drawers • a piece of furniture with several drawers with a mirror above and
is used for storing clothes or other things
Ottoman Chaise longue
• an upholstered low couch or a smaller cushioned seat used as a • the seat is elongated, halfway between the bed and the armchair,
table or stool and allows a very comfortable lying position
Chest of drawers Sideboard
• a type of cabinet that has multiple parallel, horizontal drawers • a table that is used as an elegant storage solution and place for
generally stacked one above another decorations
• a sideboard has drawers designed for cutlery, dishes, napkins,
candlesticks, and other dinging supplies
Types of Joints
TENON AND MORTISE JOINT TONGUE AND GROOVE JOINT
• one of the strongest types of wood joint and used extensively in • consist of a tongue, or a ridge, on one piece of wood and a
woodworking and can be utilized in many different types groove, or channel, on the other
• Mortises are holes, and tenons are tongues that fit inside the
holes
• When preparing this joint, it is logical to cut first the mortise
• The Mortise and Tennon are easily joined by some glue to hold
them strongly in place
DOWEL JOINT BRIDLE JOINT
• Dowel joints consist of two pieces of wood, each with a hole • a tenon on one piece of stock and an open-ended mortise on the
drilled through them, which are then joined together using a second piece of stock
dowel and reinforced with glue
• This way, each side of the tenon acts as a gluing surface, which is
much stronger than the single gluing surface on the half-lap joint
• popular in the framing of tables, desks, and benches
DADO JOINT BLIND DADO JOINT
• a trench cut into one piece of wood parallel to the grain that • You can hide the Dado joint by making a Blind Dado Joint
another piece of wood slides into
• dado runs perpendicular to the grain
• commonly used in shelving systems like cabinets and bookshelves
RABBET JOINT BLIND RABBET JOINT
• L-shaped cut on the end or side of the wood • you can also make a Blind Rabbet Joint to hide the joint
• at least one member must have a Rabbet Cut
• The other member can either have a simple Butt Cut or a Rabbet
Cut
DADO RABBET JOINT BOX/FINGER JOINT
• combine a Dado cut and a Rabbet cut • made by cutting a sequence of equidistant square notches in a
piece of stock, then cutting opposing notches in a second piece of
• This is suitable if you feel that the Dado cut in the cupboard side stock
is smaller the thickness of the shelf
THROUGH DOVETAIL JOINT HALF BLIND DOVETAIL
• two wooden pieces that are attached together at their end grain • offers the ability to hide one side of the joint while maintaining
the superior strength of the tapered dovetail joint
• A dovetail joint is of the most distinctive joints and is recognized
as a sign of expert craftsmanship
HALF LAP JOINT BUTT JOINT
• cutting small piece from both the members and joining them • placing two ends together at a right angle to create a corner
• commonly used in framing • Mechanical fasteners such as nails or screws are necessary
• when building wall or attic framing
Types of Finishes
Varnish Wood Dye
• Can be transparent or Colored • May match exact wood color or may change it
• Made of Oil, Solvent & Resin • Get dissolved in solvents like mineral spirits, alcohol or water
• Hard, Durable & protective Finish • Work in similar manner as cloth dyes.
• Can be used on interior and exterior both • Bring about color changes without hiding the grains
• Give very good UV ray protection • Can be applied with brush, Sponge, or spray gun
• Dry slowly • This are finishes that are both water based and oil based
• Gives glossy finish but can be customized to produce satin & Semi-
gloss finish
Oil Finish
Wood stain Finish
• Improve Finish of unfinished wood
• Improve wood color and visibility of the grains.
• Natural oil present in wood dries out and the oil finish replace the
crude oil and enhance • Used to enhance wood color and to achieve uniformity
• the natural grain • Best suit where the stain is darker than the color of the wood
• This this finish oil seeps into the wood and doesn't merely form a • Final outcome will depend on the no. of coats applied on the
layer on top of it. wooden surface
• Makes wood look richer & translucent
• There are two types of oils that can be used:
1. Drying oil and 2. Non-drying oil
• Drying oil - change from liquid - solid when exposed to oxygen
• Most common drying oil is - linseed oil
• Non - Drying oil - can be used for interior and exterior structure
• Mainly include vegetable and mineral oils
Wax Finish Shellac
• Provide Short -term application. • Natural wax secreted by a bug
• Easy application but require multiple application to get desired • Wax with alcohol solvent is used on wood
effect
• Available in variety of colors.
• After application buffing is required at end
• Can efficiently cover damage on wood
• Wax comes in solid, liquid and stick form
• Easy to apply and quick to dry
• Obtained from vegetable, mineral and animal sources
• Gives glossy finish but can be damaged by water
• Provide little protection against scratches and wear
Lacquer Water - based Finish
• Fast drying and thin solvent based finish compared to other • Have less odor than oil based finishes
finishes.
• Give clean and clear finish
• Reaches into wood, nourishes it and improve the grains of wood
• Contain acrylic resin along with urethane and alkyl
• Easily applied by using a brush or by spraying.
• Thin in consistency and dry easily
• It evaporates upon spraying but cures the wood at the same time
• Can get damaged or scratched when in contact with water
• Can get damaged or scratched when in contact with water
• Gives glossy finish to the wood
• Gives glossy finish to the wood
References
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