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Understanding Phonetics and Semantics

The document provides an overview of key areas in linguistics related to phonetics and phonology. It defines phonetics as the study of speech sounds, their production and perception. Phonology is defined as the study of sound patterns and their meanings within and across languages. It also defines related areas including semantics, pragmatics, syntax, and morphology. The second half of the document discusses topics in phonology such as contrastive distribution, minimal pairs, complementary distribution, and phonological rules. It provides examples and explanations of these phonological concepts.

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Park Yumi
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79 views5 pages

Understanding Phonetics and Semantics

The document provides an overview of key areas in linguistics related to phonetics and phonology. It defines phonetics as the study of speech sounds, their production and perception. Phonology is defined as the study of sound patterns and their meanings within and across languages. It also defines related areas including semantics, pragmatics, syntax, and morphology. The second half of the document discusses topics in phonology such as contrastive distribution, minimal pairs, complementary distribution, and phonological rules. It provides examples and explanations of these phonological concepts.

Uploaded by

Park Yumi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Phonetics & Phonology

Introduction and Meaning

Phonetic Phonology
The study of speech The study of sound
sound. How sound are patterns and their
articulated and meanings both within
perceived. across language.
i. production - articulatory Phonemes {vowel &
ii. transmission - acoustic consonants)
iii. perception - auditive Prosody (stress,
rhythm & intonation)

Semantics
The study of the meaning of word and sentences, their
donatians, connotations, implication and ambiguities.

Pragmatics Syntax

Anything relating to the way The study of the way in which


in which people words combine into units such as
communicate and use the Phrase, Clause and Sentence.
language in context.

Morphology
The study of the structure of the words.
Zara comel

1
CONTRASTIVE
DISTRIBUTION
Sound that contrast.
e.g fine / dine

2
MINIMAL PAIRS
A pair of words which
contrast lies in only one
sound. Also cause
different in meaning.

3
e.g boy/buy

MINIMAL SET
More than 2 words
which differ by one
sound or segment.
e.g boot,baut,bite

4
COMPLEMENTARY
DISTRIBUTION
The pair of phones that
never occur in the same
environment.
e.g glasses (glaesiz US)

5
(glas:iz UK)
PHONOLOGICAL
RULES
Assimilation vs
dissimilation
insertion vs Deletion
Methatesis

6
WHY PHONO' RULES
EXIST ?
Part of communication
through language, whether
spoken or written, and
knowing what they are, why

7
they exist can help us better
WHY PHONO' RULES
understand our world
EXIST ?
Describe how phonemes are
realised as their allophones in
a given environment. This will
help language learners to
learn the transcription and
pronunciation of words in a
new languages.

REPEAT THE PROCESS


Interesting Facts
Accents , Dialects
& RP
Language & Dialects
A language is a collection of
dialetcs.

Accents
The variations in
pronunciation (phonology)
of a language. Gives
description that identify
where an individual
speaker is regionally or
socially from

Dialects
Are variations in pronunciation,
vocabulary and grammar. A
dialect is a regionally or socially
distinctive variety of a language,
identified by a particular set of
words (vocabulary) and
grammatical structures, as well
as a certain phonology

Received
Pronounciation
RP=Social accent –
socially prestigious
accent

www.reallycutezara.com
WAYS DIALECTS
VARY
Phonetic /

Phonological

(accents)

Morphological
(structure of
words) / Lexical

Syntactic /
Grammatical

Semantic /
Meaning

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REALLY GREAT SITE

LEC 3

Speech Production Processes

ARTICULATARY
PHONETICS
Aspects of phonetics which looks
at how the sounds of speech are
made with the organs of the vocal
tract (Ogden, 2009: 173).

INITIATION
Setting air in motion through the
vocal tract.

PHONATATION
The modification of airflow as it
passes through the larynx
(related to voicing).

ARTICULATION
The shaping of airflow to
generate particular sound
types (related to manner)

LEARN MORE TIPS AT


REALLYGOODZARA.COM

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