SHIKSHA ‘O’ ANUSANDHAN

DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY

Universal Human Values

Assignment set – 1 , 2 and 3

NAME : Soumyadeep Panda

REGISTRATION NO. : 2141016047

BRANCH : CSE

SECTION : F

SERIAL NO. : 31

DATE OF SUBMITTION : April 15 , 2023

 ASSIGNMENT – 1

Q1. Briefly explain the basic aspiration of human beings.

Ans:- There are two basic aspirations of every human being and they are Continuous happiness and
prosperity.These are the bases of all our desires and the efforts that go towards acheieving these.

• Happiness:- It’s a process of assemble circumstances which make a person feel happy. There is a set
of state of mind which we are able to accept naturally.For ex:- When I respect the others and the
others respect me, I like to be in that situation. It gives me happiness.

• Prosperity:- The material things or what we say physical facilities is related to prosperity. It is
conception that to acquire more physical facilities are prosperity.One thing can be clearly stated that
we can prosperous only if there is a limit to the physical facilities. The feeling of prosperity can’t be
assured

Q2. What do you mean by value education? State its need and guidelines for the human value
education system. Explain the value of a human being with a few examples.
Ans:- Value education means inculcating a sense of humanism, a deep concern for the
wellbeing of others and the nation. It is a process of imparting ethical and moral values to
individuals
The need for value education arises due to the rapidly changing social and economic
conditions of the world.
Guidelines for the human value education system:
1) Develop a curriculum that focuses on moral and ethical values.
2) Emphasize the importance of empathy, compassion, and respect for others.
3) Promoting self-awareness and emotional intelligence.
The value of a human being lies in their character, actions, and contributions to society.
For ex-;
1) A doctor who saves lives and helps people recover from illness
2) An artist who uses their creativity to bring joy and beauty to the world.

Q3. Share your understanding about natural acceptance.

Ans:- Natural acceptance implies unconditional and total acceptance of the self, people and
environment. It also refers to the absence of any exception from others. Once we fully and
truly commit ourselves on the basis of natural acceptance, we feel a holistic sense of inner
harmony, tranquillity and fulfilment.
Q4. List five (5) of the most significant problems that you see in the society around you. Are
these problems due to (a) Lack of Skills, (b) Lack of Values, (c) Other reasons (please
specify). Do these problems have a common root cause?
Ans:- The 5 most significant problems that we see in the society around us are-:
 1) Inequality and social injustice: This is a significant proble m in many societies, where
certain groups of people are marginalized or discriminated against based on their race,
gender, or socioeconomic status.
2) Environmental degradation: Climate change, pollution, and other environmental
problems are a significant concern for societies worldwide.
3) Poverty and unemployment: Many societies struggle with poverty and unemployment,
which can have significant negative impacts on individuals and communities.
4) Mental health issues: Mental health problems are a significant concern for many
societies, with a growing number of people experiencing stress, anxiety, depression,
and other mental health conditions.
5) Political polarization and social unrest: Many societies are experiencing political
polarization and social unrest, with people divided along ideological or political lines.
While the root causes of these problems may differ, they are often interconnected and can
have a cascading effect on other areas of society. Addressing these problems requires a
comprehensive and integrated approach that addresses the underlying values and skills that
contribute to these issues.

Q5. Distinguish between Natural Acceptance and Acceptance with a few examples.
Ans. Natural acceptance refers to accepting something as it is without any external
influence or force. It is a form of acceptance that arises naturally from within an individual
due to their own understanding and willingness to accept.

On the other hand, acceptance can also be the result of external influence or pressure, such
as social norms, peer pressure, or authority figures. This type of acceptance is not
necessarily based on a person's own understanding or beliefs, but rather on the
expectations of others or external circumstances.

Some examples are:-

1) A Person may accept their own physical limitations,such as their height or body type
i.e natural acceptance but a person may feel pressure to confirm to certain beauty
standards and that is acceptance
2) A person may naturally accept their own personality traits,both positive and
negative but a person may feel pressure to confirm to social norms to fit in the
society.

Q6. What are the basic human aspirations, and what are the requirements to fulfill them?
Explain with their correct priority. Support your answer with appropriate examples.
Ans. . Our basic aspiration is happiness and prosperity. Happiness is ensured by the
relationship with other human beings. And prosperity is ensured by the working on physical
facilities. Self Exploration and Self Investigation is the basic requirement to fulfil these
aspirations. Self Exploration helps us understand ourself more which helps us lead to a
successful life style and fulfil our aspirations.
Q7. Distinguish between animal consciousness and human consciousness. Also, describe the
societal impact of living with human consciousness.
Ans. Animal consciousness refers to the capacity of animals to be aware of their environment, to
experience emotions and sensations, and to engage in basic forms of decision-making

Human consciousness, on the other hand, is a highly complex and multifaceted phenomenon that
enables us to perceive the world, think, feel, and experience self-awareness

The societal impact of living with human consciousness is vast and far-reaching. It has enabled us to
create complex societies, cultures, and technologies that have transformed the world in countless
ways. With human consciousness, we have developed language, science, philosophy, art, and music,
and have made great strides in medicine, agriculture, and technology.

Q8. When do you say that the development is holistic? What is the role of education in it?
Explain briefly.
Ans. Holistic development refers to the overall growth and progress of an individual in various
dimensions, including physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and spiritual. Holistic development is
achieved when all these dimensions are nurtured and developed in a balanced way, leading to a
more integrated and harmonious sense of self.

The role of education in promoting holistic development are-:

1) Providing a supportive and inclusive environment
2) Encouraging physical development
3) Promoting emotional development
4) Enhancing social development
Q9. Discuss the programme for continuity of happiness.
Ans. The Programme for Continuity of Happiness is a national initiative launched by the
Bhutanese government in 2008 with the goal of promoting sustainable and equitable socio-
economic development while preserving the country's unique cultural identity and
promoting the happiness and well-being of its citizens. The programme is based on the
principles of Gross National Happiness (GNH), which is a holistic and multidimensional
approach to development that emphasizes the importance of spiritual, cultural, and
environmental well-being, in addition to material wealth.

Q10. Is there any difference between prosperity and accumulation of wealth? Explain your
answer with a few examples based on your own experience.
Ans. Yes, there is a difference between prosperity and accumulation of wealth.

Prosperity is a state of well-being and flourishing in various aspects of life, including

financial, social, emotional, and physical. It is a holistic concept that encompasses
happiness, contentment, and satisfaction. On the other hand, accumulation of wealth refers
to the process of amassing money or assets over time. It is often associated with financial
success and the ability to acquire material possessions, such as luxurious cars, houses, and
vacations.

Example:-

My uncle Sam is a successful business owner who has amassed a considerable amount of
wealth over the years. He drives a luxury car, lives in a big house, and takes expensive
vacations. However, he is always stressed out, has no time for his family, and struggles with
health issues due to his sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy habits. Despite his wealth, John is
not prosperous because he lacks emotional and physical well-being.
 ASSIGNMENT – 2

Q1. Are the activities in ‘I’ continuous or temporary? Justify your answer.
Ans. The activities in I are continuos.
Q2. Distinguish between the needs of the Self and the needs of the Body.
Ans. The need of the self are related to physchological and emotional well-being.These
include love,belonging,self-esteem,self-actualization,and personal growth.The needs of the
self are more abstract and subjective.
The need of the body are related to psychological requirements necessary for the
survival and optimal functioning of the physical body.The needs of the body are more
concrete and tangible.
Q3. Why are physical facilities required? What do you mean by right utilization of the Body?
Ans. Physical facilities are required to provide a conductive environment for the optimal
functioning of the human body.These facilities include basic necessities such as
shelter,clothing,and food,as well as infrastructure such as hospitals,schools,and recreational
facilities
Right utilization of the body refers to the practice of using one’s body in a way that promotes
physical health and well-being.This includes getting enough sleep,eating a balanced and
nutritious diet,and engaging in regular physical activity,and avoiding harmful behaviours
such as smoking ,drinking etc.
Q4. What is the qualitative difference between the activities of the Self and those of the
Body? Illustrate with one example.
Ans. The activities of the Self and those of the Body are qualitatively different in nature. The
activities of the Body are primarily concerned with meeting physiological needs and
maintaining physical health and well-being, while the activities of the Self are focused on
fulfilling psychological and emotional needs and achieving personal growth and fulfillment.

For example-: qualitative difference between the activities of the Self and those of the Body can be
seen in the activities of exercising and practicing self-care. Exercising is an activity of the Body, as it
involves physical movement and exertion to maintain physical fitness and health. On the other hand,
practicing self-care is an activity of the Self, as it involves taking time for oneself to engage in
activities that promote relaxation, stress relief, and emotional well-being.

Q5. Do you think that human beings are sum-total of sentiments and physical aspects the
‘self’ and the ‘body’? Explain your answer using examples.

Ans. The concept of the "self" and the "body" has been debated by many of the
philosophers, psychologists, and scientists for centuries. Some argue that humans are simply
a combination of their physical bodies and emotions or sentiments, while others argue that
there is more to a person than these two aspects.In my opinion it is true that human beings
are sum-total of sentiments and physical aspects the self and the body. Also. many people
believe that there is more to the "self" than just physical characteristics and emotions. For example,
some argue that consciousness is a fundamental aspect of the human experience. Others believe
that our experiences, relationships, and beliefs also play a crucial role in shaping who we are.

Q6. How do we go into conflicts when our activities are not guided by our natural
acceptance?

Ans. When our actions are not guided by our natural acceptance or inner alignment, it can
lead to conflicts both within ourselves and with others. .For example, when we engage in
activities that go against our values or beliefs, we may experience an internal conflict
between our actions and our sense of self. This can cause feelings of guilt, shame, or
anxiety.Similarly, when we interact with others in ways that are not authentic or aligned
with our values, it can create tension and conflict in our relationships.One way to reduce
these conflicts is to become more aware of our inner values and motivations.

Q7. ‘Self-regulation' is essential to maintain health’, Elaborate with examples.

Ans. Self-regulation refers to the ability of an individual to regulate their behavior,
emotions, and thoughts in response to different situations. It is an essential aspect of
maintaining good health, both physical and mental, and it plays a critical role in preventing
chronic diseases and maintaining well-being.

For example:-

1)Diet: Self-regulation can help individuals make healthier choices when it comes to their
diet. By regulating their food intake, people can avoid overeating, which can lead to obesity,
2 diabetes, and other chronic diseases.

2) Exercise: Self-regulation can help people maintain an exercise routine by setting realistic goals and
sticking to a schedule. Regular exercise can help prevent chronic diseases such as heart disease,
stroke, and diabetes, as well as improve mental health and well-being.

3) Sleep: Self-regulation can help people establish healthy sleep habits by creating a
bedtime routine, avoiding caffeine and alcohol, and creating a sleep-conducive
environment.

Q8. How does the family impact the health of the individual?
Ans.The family can have a big impact on the health of an individual.There are some ways
given below:-

1) Genetics:The family is the primary source of an individual’s genetic makeup, which can
influence their susceptibility to certain diseases or conditions. For ex-: if a family has a
history of heart disease or cancer may increase an individuals risk of developing these
conditions.
2) Health behaviors: Family members can influence an individual's health behaviors, such as
diet, exercise, and smoking habits. For example, if family members engage in unhealthy
behaviors, such as consuming a high-fat diet or smoking, they may be more likely to pass
these habits onto the individual.

3) Social support: The family can provide social support, which can help individuals cope
with stress and manage their emotions. Social support has been linked to better mental
health outcomes and improved physical health

4) Access to healthcare: Family members can provide access to healthcare resources and
information, which can help individuals maintain good health. For example, family members
may encourage the individual to seek medical attention when needed or help them navigate
the healthcare system.

5) Environment: The family environment can impact an individual's health, particularly in

childhood. For example, living in a home with secondhand smoke or exposure to toxic
substances can increase an individual's risk of developing respiratory diseases or other
health problems.

Q9. What are the programs to take care of the body? Explain.
Ans. There are several programs that individuals can participate in to take care of their
bodies. Here are some examples:

Exercise programs: Exercise is essential for maintaining good physical health. Exercise
programs can include a variety of activities, such as cardio, strength training, and flexibility
exercises. Examples of exercise programs include gym memberships, group fitness classes,
personal training sessions, and online exercise programs.

Nutrition programs: Proper nutrition is essential for maintaining good health. Nutrition
programs can provide individuals with information and resources to make healthier food
choices and develop healthy eating habits. Examples of nutrition programs include dietary
counseling, weight loss programs, and cooking classes.

Stress management programs: Chronic stress can have negative effects on both physical and
mental health. Stress management programs can provide individuals with techniques and
strategies to manage stress and improve overall well-being. Examples of stress management
programs include mindfulness meditation, yoga classes, and relaxation techniques.

Smoking cessation programs: Smoking is a significant risk factor for several chronic diseases,
including heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Smoking cessation programs can provide
individuals with resources and support to quit smoking and improve their health. Examples
of smoking cessation programs include nicotine replacement therapy, counseling, and
support groups.
Sleep programs: Good sleep is essential for maintaining good health. Sleep programs can
provide individuals with information and resources to improve their sleep quality and
establish healthy sleep habits. Examples of sleep programs include sleep clinics, cognitive
behavioral therapy for insomnia, and relaxation techniques.

Q10. Examine whether health problems of recent times are more due to problems with the
body or problems with the Self. Explain with examples.

Ans. Health problems of recent times are a complex interplay of several factors, including
both problems with the body and problems with the self. Here are some examples of how
each of these factors contributes to modern health problems:

Problems with the body:

Chronic diseases: Chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes are major
health problems of recent times. These diseases are primarily caused by factors such as
poor diet, lack of exercise, and genetic predisposition.

Infectious diseases: Infectious diseases such as COVID-19, Ebola, and Zika are also major
health problems of recent times. These diseases are caused by pathogens such as viruses,
bacteria, and parasites.

Environmental factors: Environmental factors such as air pollution, exposure to toxic

substances, and climate change can also contribute to health problems. For example, air
pollution can increase the risk of respiratory diseases such as asthma, while exposure to
toxic substances can cause cancer and other health problems.

Problems with the self:

Lifestyle factors: Lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and stress can
contribute to health problems. For example, a diet high in sugar and saturated fat can lead
to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease, while chronic stress can increase the risk of
mental health problems such as anxiety and depression.

Mental health problems: Mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, and addiction
are also major health problems of recent times. These problems are often caused by factors
such as stress, trauma, and genetic predisposition.

Behavioral factors: Behavioral factors such as smoking, alcohol and drug use, and unsafe sex
can also contribute to health problems. For example, smoking is a major risk factor for
several chronic diseases, including lung cancer and heart disease, while unsafe sex can lead
to sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies.
 ASSIGNMENT-3
Q1) “Family is a natural laboratory to understand human relationships”- elaborate.
Ans. The family is the most basic unit of human society, and it is where we first learn about
human relationships. In the family, we experience different types of relationships such as
parent-child, sibling-sibling, and grandparent-grandchild relationships. These relationships
are often the first and most intimate relationships we develop and shape our social and
emotional development. Through our experiences in the family, we learn how to interact
with others, how to communicate, how to resolve conflicts, and how to show empathy and
love. We learn about different personalities, behaviors, and attitudes, and how they affect
our relationships. For instance, we learn how to deal with a sibling who is bossy, a parent
who is strict, or a grandparent who is loving and supportive.The family also provides a safe
and secure environment where we can express our emotions and feelings without fear of
rejection or judgment. We learn how to express love, gratitude, and appreciation, as well as
anger, frustration, and disappointment. We also learn how to handle emotions, how to
apologize and forgive, and how to rebuild relationships after conflicts.

Q2) “If I trust everyone, people would take undue advantage of me.” Do you agree? Explain.
Ans. It's understandable to have concerns about being taken advantage of if you trust
everyone. However, it's important to note that trust is a crucial element in building strong
relationships and functioning societies.While it's true that some people may take advantage
of your trust, this doesn't necessarily mean that trusting everyone is a bad idea. In fact,
most people are trustworthy and will reciprocate trust when it's given to them. Trust can
help to foster empathy and understanding, which can lead to stronger relationships and
greater collaboration.At the same time, it's important to use your judgment when deciding
who to trust and how much to trust them. Not everyone deserves your trust, and it's
important to be discerning in your relationships. It's also important to set healthy
boundaries and communicate your needs and expectations clearly.In short, while it's
understandable to be cautious about trusting everyone, it's important to recognize the
value of trust in building strong relationships and functioning societies.
Q3) What is the basis of ‘respect’ for a human being? Do you see that the other human being
is also similar to you? Explain
Ans. Respect for a human being is based on the recognition of their inherent value and
dignity as a human being. Every person is unique and possesses their own set of skills,
knowledge, and experiences, and each person deserves to be treated with respect
regardless of their race, gender, religion, or any other characteristic.When we recognize the
inherent value of another human being, we see that they are not fundamentally different
from ourselves. We all share the same basic needs and desires for happiness, love, and
fulfillment, and we all experience similar emotions and struggles throughout our lives.By
recognizing this common humanity, we can develop empathy and compassion for others,
and treat them with the respect and kindness they deserve. We can also work to build
bridges of understanding and connection between individuals and groups, and foster a more
inclusive and just society.

Q4) Explain the feelings of ‘care’ and ‘guidance’, ‘glory’, ‘reverence’ and ‘gratitude’.
Ans. Care: Care is a feeling of concern, empathy, and responsibility towards someone or
something. When you care for someone, you want to protect and support them, and ensure
their well-being. Care can be expressed in many ways, such as providing emotional support,
physical care, or practical assistance.

Guidance: Guidance is a feeling of leadership, direction, and mentorship towards someone.

When you provide guidance, you help someone navigate a path towards a specific goal or
objective. Guidance can be given in the form of advice, instructions, or mentorship, and it
often involves sharing your own experiences and knowledge to help someone else.

Glory: Glory is a feeling of admiration, pride, and celebration towards someone or

something. When you experience glory, you feel a sense of awe and wonder towards a
person or achievement that is worthy of praise. Glory can be felt towards individuals,
groups, or even objects that inspire a sense of wonder or admiration.

Reverence: Reverence is a feeling of respect, admiration, and honor towards something that
is considered sacred or revered. When you experience reverence, you feel a sense of awe
and respect towards something that is perceived to be special or divine. Reverence can be
felt towards religious figures, historical sites, or even natural wonders.

Gratitude: Gratitude is a feeling of appreciation, thankfulness, and acknowledgement

towards someone or something. When you experience gratitude, you feel a sense of
thankfulness towards someone who has provided you with something valuable, such as a
gift, a kind gesture, or support. Gratitude can be expressed in many ways, such as saying
thank you, writing a note, or performing an act of kindness in return.

Q5) What can be the basis of an undivided society-the ‘world family’?

Ans. The basis of an undivided society, or a "world family," could be founded on several key
principles, such as:

Equality: All individuals are created equal, regardless of their race, ethnicity, gender,
religion, or social status. Everyone should have access to the same opportunities and rights.

Tolerance and respect: Individuals should be tolerant and respectful of others' beliefs,
values, and traditions, even if they differ from their own. This means embracing diversity
and recognizing that differences should be celebrated rather than feared.

Cooperation and collaboration: Individuals should work together to achieve common goals,
recognizing that cooperation and collaboration can lead to greater success than competition
and conflict.
Compassion and empathy: Individuals should strive to understand and empathize with
others' perspectives, experiences, and challenges, and show compassion towards those who
are in need or vulnerable.

Environmental sustainability: Individuals should recognize that the health of the planet is
crucial for the survival of all living beings, and work towards protecting and preserving the
environment for future generations.

Q6) Right understanding in the individuals is the basis for harmony in the family, which is the
building block for harmony in the society. Give your comments.
Ans. I completely agree with the statement that right understanding in individuals is the
basis for harmony in the family, which in turn is the building block for harmony in
society.The family is the first and most important unit of society. It is where individuals learn
their values, beliefs, and behaviors. Therefore, if there is harmony in the family, there is a
higher chance that individuals will be able to relate well with others in society.However, the
foundation of harmony in the family is dependent on the understanding of each family
member. If family members have a deep understanding of themselves, their needs, and
their roles within the family, they are more likely to interact with one another in a positive
and productive way.This understanding also extends to how individuals view their place in
society. When individuals have a right understanding of their roles and responsibilities
within society, they are more likely to be able to work together with others towards
common goals, and this leads to a harmonious society.

Q7) Distinguish between animal consciousness and human consciousness. Also, describe the
societal impact of living with human consciousness.
Ans. Animal consciousness and human consciousness differ in their complexity and scope.
Animal consciousness refers to the subjective experience and awareness of animals. It is
commonly believed that animals possess some level of consciousness, but the extent and
nature of their consciousness are still subject to debate.

Animals are believed to experience sensations such as pleasure, pain, hunger, thirst, and
fear, and can respond to their environment based on those sensations. However, it is
unclear whether animals have self-awareness or a sense of their own existence as distinct
individuals.

On the other hand, human consciousness is characterized by self-awareness, the ability to

introspect, and the capacity for complex thought, imagination, and language. Humans can
not only perceive their environment but also interpret and analyze it, engage in abstract
reasoning, and make moral and ethical judgments. Human consciousness also includes the
ability to reflect on one's own thoughts and emotions and to imagine different scenarios,
both real and hypothetical.
The societal impact of living with human consciousness is immense. Our consciousness has
allowed us to develop technology, build civilizations, and create complex societies. It has
enabled us to develop language, art, music, and literature, and to communicate complex
ideas and emotions. However, it has also given rise to complex social structures and power
dynamics, which have led to conflict, inequality, and oppression

Q8) When do you say that the development is holistic? What is the role of education in it?
Explain briefly.
Ans. Holistic development refers to the overall growth and progress of an individual in
different aspects of life, including physical, emotional, social, and cognitive domains. It
involves the harmonious development of different facets of an individual's personality and
character, leading to a well-rounded and balanced individual. Education plays a crucial role
in holistic development by providing individuals with the necessary knowledge, skills, and
experiences that foster their growth in all aspects of life. Education goes beyond imparting
knowledge and skills in academic subjects; it should also aim to promote the development
of a range of abilities, including critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, empathy, and
social skills. A holistic approach to education recognizes the interconnectedness of different
domains of development and promotes a balanced and integrated approach to learning.

Q9) Discuss the programme for continuity of happiness.

Ans. The program aims to achieve happiness by promoting policies and programs that
improve the quality of life of citizens and residents. It is built around four pillars: good
governance, social development, environmental development, and economic development.
Under the good governance pillar, the program aims to promote transparency,
accountability, and citizen participation in decision-making processes. It also focuses on
enhancing public services, reducing bureaucracy, and ensuring access to justice for all. The
program for continuity of happiness is based on the belief that happiness is a shared
responsibility that requires the involvement of all members of society. It promotes
collaboration and partnership between government entities, private sector organizations,
and civil society groups to achieve its goals.

Q10) Is there any difference between prosperity and accumulation of wealth? Explain your
answer with a few examples based on your own experience.
Ans. Yes, there is a difference between prosperity and accumulation of wealth.

Prosperity refers to a state of well-being and abundance that encompasses all aspects of
life, including health, relationships, personal fulfillment, and sense of purpose. On the other
hand, accumulation of wealth refers to the acquisition of financial assets or resources.While
wealth can be a component of prosperity, it is not the only factor that contributes to it. For
example, a person may have a high net worth but may still struggle with issues such as
loneliness, health problems, or lack of purpose, which can impact their overall sense of well-
being and prosperity. For example, when I graduated from college and landed my first job, I
was not making a lot of money, but I felt a sense of purpose and fulfillment in my work,
which contributed to my overall sense of prosperity.Similarly, during times when I have
invested time and effort in nurturing relationships with loved ones, volunteering in my
community, or pursuing hobbies and interests, I have experienced a sense of prosperity that
is not directly related to my financial resources.