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JavaScript Basics for Beginners

The document discusses various JavaScript concepts like variables, data types, operators, control flow, and template strings. It defines let, const, and var for declaring variables, and shows how to check data types, convert types, and use assignment, comparison, and arithmetic operators. Control flow is demonstrated with an if/else statement. Template strings are defined for embedding expressions in string literals.

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Anna_41
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16 views4 pages

JavaScript Basics for Beginners

The document discusses various JavaScript concepts like variables, data types, operators, control flow, and template strings. It defines let, const, and var for declaring variables, and shows how to check data types, convert types, and use assignment, comparison, and arithmetic operators. Control flow is demonstrated with an if/else statement. Template strings are defined for embedding expressions in string literals.

Uploaded by

Anna_41
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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For a function to appear in the console on the chrome page (= building a bridge between the script in

VSC and the side that lives in the browser).

console.log

To check the type of data type:

console.log(typeof nameOfTheVariable);

// comment out of the code. /*

Comment out

Multi line

comments:

*/

When you create/declare a new variable:

let javascriptIsFun = true;

Declare two variables at the same time:

let x, y; = x and y are undefined.

When you want to change the value of the variable:

javascriptIsFun = 'YES!';

Template Strings

const anna = `I'm ${firstName}, a ${year - birthYear} years old $


{job}!`;

Multiple line Strings

console.log(`String

multiple

lines`);

Emojis: windows + period sign


IF / ELSE STATEMENTS – CONTROL STRUCTURE

if (age >= 18) {

console.log(`Sarah can start driving license 🙌`)

} else {

const yearsLeft = 18 - age;

console.log(`Sarah is too young. Wait another ${yearsLeft} years


:)`)

TYPE CONVERSION

TYPE COERCION
A value is a piece of data.

It's the most fundamental unit of information that we have in programming. Smallest unit of
information that we have in JS.

We can store values in variables.

Naming variables: camelCase.

Whenever you have multiple words in a variable name, write the first word with a lowercase and then
all the next words with upper case.

firstName

firstNamePerson

- Variable names cannot start with a number.


- Variable names cannot start with an upper-case letter!
- Variables written in all upper case means that is a constant value (real constant) that will never
change:

PI = 3.1416

- Variable names can only contain numbers (not at the beginning), letters, underscores, or the
dollar sign.

let -> declare variables that can change later (during the execution of our program)

mutate the variable = change a variable

*It is used when we declare empty variables.

const -> not supposed to change at any point in the future. It cannot be changed.

*We cannot declare an empty const.

const birthyear = 1998

var -> needs to be avoided.


Some operators have left-right precedence:

x = y = 25 - 10 - 5;

console.log(x, y);

We get: 10 10

TYPE CONVERSION is when we manually convert from one type to another.

TYPE COERCION is when JS automatically converts types behind the scenes from us.

ASSIGNMENT OPERATORS

let x = 10 + 5; (15)

x += 10; (x = x + 10 = 25)

x *= 4; (x = x * 4 = 100)

x ++; (x = x + 1)

x --; (x = x - 1)

COMPARISON OPERATORS

console.log(ageAnna > ageHao); (FALSE)

console.log(ageAnna >= 18); (TRUE)

TEMPLATE STRINGS

ONE LINE:

const anna = `I'm ${firstName}, a ${year - birthYear} years old $


{job}!`;

MULTIPLE LINES:

1. console.log(`String

2. multiple

3. lines`);

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