Lesson Summary
Physical fitness is the health and ability of the body's systems to work together efficiently.
Physical fitness is typically sorted into two different groups: health-related and skill-
related. Health-related skills are those which improve the health of the person directly. These
work to improve the systems that make daily life easier such as the respiratory system and the
circular system. There are five health-related components:
Body Composition - the ratio of fat to non-fat in the body
Cardiovascular Endurance - the ability to take in oxygen and deliver it throughout the body
Flexibility - the range of movement allowed by joints
Muscular Endurance - the ability to maintain use of a muscle group against resistance
Muscular Strength - the maximum amount of force from a muscle group at one time
Tagalog :
Ang physical fitness ay ang kalusugan at kakayahan ng mga sistema ng katawan na magtulungan nang
mahusay.
Ang pisikal na fitness ay karaniwang pinagbubukod-bukod sa dalawang magkaibang grupo: may
kaugnayan sa kalusugan at may kaugnayan sa kasanayan.
Ang mga kasanayang may kaugnayan sa kalusugan ay yaong direktang nagpapabuti sa kalusugan ng tao.
Gumagana ang mga ito upang mapabuti ang mga sistema na nagpapadali sa pang-araw-araw na buhay
gaya ng respiratory system at circular system.
Mayroong limang sangkap na may kaugnayan sa kalusugan:
• Komposisyon ng Katawan - ang ratio ng taba sa hindi taba sa katawan
• Cardiovascular Endurance - ang kakayahang kumuha ng oxygen at maihatid ito sa buong katawan
• Flexibility - ang saklaw ng paggalaw na pinapayagan ng mga joints
• Muscular Endurance - ang kakayahang mapanatili ang paggamit ng isang grupo ng kalamnan laban sa
paglaban
• Muscular Strength - ang pinakamataas na dami ng puwersa mula sa isang grupo ng kalamnan sa isang
pagkakataon
There are also skill-related components to physical fitness.
Agility - the ability to quickly change directions.
Balance - knowing where the body is in space and responding to changes.
Coordination - hand/eye or foot/eye
Power - a combination of speed and strength.
Reaction Time - how quickly a person responds to a changing stimulus.
Speed - getting faster.
These are beneficial for sports and interests but do not have as large of an impact on the health of
the person working on them. These are often specific to each sport, and training them requires a
great deal of personalization.
FAQs (Frequently asked questions)
Activities
Why are the health-related components of fitness important?
The health related components of fitness directly impact the health of the person. They
contribute to the ease of daily living tasks and the chance of developing many diseases.
What are the six components of skill-related physical fitness?
The six components of skill related fitness include agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction
time, and speed. These are skills that benefit sports and activities and are not all beneficial to
everyone.
Prompts About Health-Related and Skill-Related Physical Fitness:
Study Prompt:
Create a set of flashcards that provides the definitions of all of the bolded terms from the lesson
(physical fitness, health-related physical fitness, cardiovascular endurance, muscle strength,
muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition, obesity-related diseases, body mass
index BMI, skin-fold test, skill-related physical fitness, performance fitness, agility, balance,
coordination, power, reaction time, speed).
Example: Power refers to the combination of simultaneous strength and speed.
Essay Prompt 1:
Write an essay of approximately two to three paragraphs that compares and contrasts health-
related physical fitness and skill-related physical fitness. You can enhance your essay by
providing examples of each.
Example: Skill-related physical fitness is also known as performance fitness because it refers to
how a person can perform components of sports and physical activities.
Essay Prompt 2:
In approximately two to three paragraphs, write an essay that describes body composition and
how it can be measured. Also explain the concept of obesity-related diseases, providing
examples.
Example: Certain cancers are linked to obesity.
Presentation Prompt:
Make a PowerPoint or Prezi presentation that details the five sections of health-related physical
fitness.
Example: You could have a slide depicting people doing yoga to illustrate flexibility.
Graphic Organizer Prompt:
Create a poster, chart, or some other type of graphic organizer that lists and describes the six
sections of skill-related physical fitness.
Example: Coordination involves the use of the eyes and ears to help command body
movements.
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What Is Physical Fitness?
Physical fitness can be defined as a set of characteristics that are either health-related or skill-
related. It refers to your ability to perform physical tasks efficiently as it relates to a particular
sport or your day-to-day activities. In addition to physical health, being physically fit helps
improve your mental, emotional, and social health.
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Table of Contents
What is Physical Fitness?
The 5 Components of Health-Related Fitness
The 6 Components of Skill-Related Fitness
Developing a Healthy Fitness Routine
Lesson Summary
Show
What is Physical Fitness?
Physical fitness is the body's ability to be healthy and perform daily living activities with
efficiency. Someone with a high level of physical fitness can complete daily activities with the
least amount of effort and still have enough energy to respond to emergencies. Someone who has
a low level of physical fitness may have difficulty completing daily activities, or they may
require a great deal of effort. Things like checking the mail, cooking a meal, and doing laundry
are all examples of daily activities. While running to help someone who is hurt or carrying an
injured person to safety might be required in an emergency. Physical fitness impacts every aspect
of a person's life.
There are two main parts to physical fitness, each with multiple related skills. The first part is
considered health-related. Scientists have found the skills in this group to help reduce chronic
disease and improve health. The other part is considered skill-related. These skills help with
sports and motor skills. While they also contribute to health, it isn't as closely related. For
example, cardiovascular endurance is considered health-related because the heart and lungs must
work at an efficient level for all body processes. Fitness in this area can reduce heart disease,
among other things. The balance would be considered skill-related. While it might help prevent a
fall, it isn't directly related to health, but it is certainly beneficial in many sports.
The 5 Components of Health-Related Fitness
The five areas of fitness that directly relate to a person's health are considered the most important
fitness skills. They can work together to prevent diseases and other illnesses that reduce a
person's quality of life. The five health related fitness components are:
Body Composition - This is the ratio of fat to non-fat in the body. High fat levels cause many
health concerns, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and strokes. Each person's ideal body
weight varies, and a traditional scale can not tell body composition. In the past, body mass index
(BMI) was used to estimate health outcomes, but this was inaccurate for many people as it
didn't take into account muscle weight v/s fat weight. Now, the best way to determine body
composition is through hydrostatic testing or DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry).
Hydrostatic testing requires measuring weight outside of water and then again in water to find
the difference. DEXA is used for measuring bone density but also can determine body
composition. These tests are usually not covered by insurance. Almost every exercise addresses
body composition. While doing cardio or weight training, the amount of fat is being reduced.
Despite their body shape, sumo wrestlers are known for having almost zero visceral body fat.
Cardiovascular Endurance - This is the ability to efficiently take in oxygen and distribute it to the
body using the heart, lungs, arteries, vessels, and veins. By regularly exercising, and increasing
the heart and breathing rate, efficiency can be improved. Improving this can also raise a
person's metabolism. Depending on a person's fitness level exercises could include walking,
running, biking, swimming, and more.
Flexibility - This is the range of motion around a given joint. This is joint-specific, and some
people may be flexible in a few joints but tight in others. Flexibility allows for a large range of
movements and impacts agility, balance, and coordination. These all impact the chance of
injury. Exercises to improve flexibility include stretching each joint regularly.
Muscular Endurance - This is the ability to continuously use a particular muscle group against
resistance. This is an interesting skill because many people develop this unevenly. For example,
someone who does long-distance bike races may have high muscular endurance in their legs but
low muscular endurance in their arms. This skill is helpful to walk upstairs or carry heavy bags of
groceries. Exercises to improve this include: plank, obstacle courses, boot camp style workouts,
and high-repetition strength training.
Muscular Strength - This is the amount of force a particular muscle group can produce in one,
using all energy effort. This is also muscle-group specific. A person may have strong hamstrings
but weak glutes, for example. This skill is crucial for standing up from a chair, lifting a box, and
doing laundry. To build muscular strength, exercises might include lifting weights, using
bodyweight workouts, or resistance bands.
It is best to start small and work up to heavier weights.
Examples of Health-Related Fitness
If a person is concerned about their health-related fitness, they should begin by getting a physical
examination from their doctor. This will identify or rule out any underlying health conditions
that might impact an exercise routine. After that, there are many different ways to approach
improving health-related fitness. Some people prefer to find a group to work out with as it
provides motivation and accountability. CrossFit, boot camp workouts, and even exercise classes
are available with a variety of difficulty levels. Many are even offered online for those that prefer
to work out at home.
If someone prefers to work out individually rather than with a group, the first step should be to
evaluate their current fitness level. A doctor might make recommendations for body composition
testing to see if it is fit. To evaluate cardiovascular endurance, attempt to walk, run, or bike until
unable to hold a conversation. Write down the distance and amount of time. For flexibility, try to
move each joint and see which are flexible and which seem stiff or difficult to move. Keep a
record of this information. For muscular endurance, attempt to do a few different exercises with
different muscle groups. Some examples include trying to hold a plank, climbing stairs, or
completing push-ups. For muscle strength, use weights, items around the house like a bag of
flour, resistance bands, or bodyweight to determine the maximum amount of force for different
muscle groups.
Health-Related Physical Fitness
Health-related physical fitness is primarily associated with disease prevention and functional
health. Participating in regular health-related fitness helps you control your weight, prevents
diseases and illness, improves your mood, boosts energy, and promotes better sleep.
It is made up of five sections: cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance,
flexibility, and body composition. Lets take a closer look at the five sections of health-related
fitness:
Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of your heart, blood cells, and lungs to work
continuously for extended periods of time. This is how efficiently your body takes in, transports,
and uses oxygen while exercising. Having efficient heart and lungs leads to increased energy
throughout the day.
Muscular strength is the maximum amount of force a muscle can produce in a single effort or
how much you can lift in one attempt. Performing exercises that use your own body weight, free
weights, or weights on a machine are excellent ways to develop muscle strength. Having
muscular strength will ensure that you have the strength needed to lift a heavy object, for
example a box full of books.
Muscular endurance is your ability to contract your muscles several times without excessive
fatigue. Another way to think about it is the length of time your muscles can continue to work
before tiring. What this means is once you have picked up that heavy box of books, you can then
carry that box for a long period of time before you need to take a break.
Flexibility is the range of motion that your joints have during movement. Maintaining flexibility
can improve your performance in physical activities in addition to decreasing your risk of
injuries by helping your joints move through their full range of motion, therefore, allowing your
muscles to work most effectively. Stretching and yoga can be done to help improve your
flexibility.
Body composition is the ratio of water, bone, muscle, and fat in the body. A healthy body
composition indicates that you may have less risk of developing obesity-related diseases, such
as diabetes, high blood pressure, and even some cancers.
Two of the ways to measure body composition are body mass index, (BMI), which is a measure
of body fat based on height and weight, and the skin fold test, which measures total fat
percentages by measuring the layer of fat that is directly under the skin.
Skill-Related Physical Fitness
Skill-related physical fitness is the ability to perform during games and sports; it is also
called performance fitness. This type of physical fitness is important for performing the more
technical aspects of many sports. There are six skill-related physical fitness sections: agility,
balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed.
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Video Transcript
What Is Physical Fitness?
Physical fitness can be defined as a set of characteristics that are either health-related or skill-
related. It refers to your ability to perform physical tasks efficiently as it relates to a particular
sport or your day-to-day activities. In addition to physical health, being physically fit helps
improve your mental, emotional, and social health.
Health-Related Physical Fitness
Health-related physical fitness is primarily associated with disease prevention and functional
health. Participating in regular health-related fitness helps you control your weight, prevents
diseases and illness, improves your mood, boosts energy, and promotes better sleep.
It is made up of five sections: cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance,
flexibility, and body composition. Lets take a closer look at the five sections of health-related
fitness:
Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of your heart, blood cells, and lungs to work
continuously for extended periods of time. This is how efficiently your body takes in, transports,
and uses oxygen while exercising. Having efficient heart and lungs leads to increased energy
throughout the day.
Muscular strength is the maximum amount of force a muscle can produce in a single effort or
how much you can lift in one attempt. Performing exercises that use your own body weight, free
weights, or weights on a machine are excellent ways to develop muscle strength. Having
muscular strength will ensure that you have the strength needed to lift a heavy object, for
example a box full of books.
Muscular endurance is your ability to contract your muscles several times without excessive
fatigue. Another way to think about it is the length of time your muscles can continue to work
before tiring. What this means is once you have picked up that heavy box of books, you can then
carry that box for a long period of time before you need to take a break.
Flexibility is the range of motion that your joints have during movement. Maintaining flexibility
can improve your performance in physical activities in addition to decreasing your risk of
injuries by helping your joints move through their full range of motion, therefore, allowing your
muscles to work most effectively. Stretching and yoga can be done to help improve your
flexibility.
Body composition is the ratio of water, bone, muscle, and fat in the body. A healthy body
composition indicates that you may have less risk of developing obesity-related diseases, such
as diabetes, high blood pressure, and even some cancers.
Two of the ways to measure body composition are body mass index, (BMI), which is a measure
of body fat based on height and weight, and the skin fold test, which measures total fat
percentages by measuring the layer of fat that is directly under the skin.
Skill-Related Physical Fitness
Skill-related physical fitness is the ability to perform during games and sports; it is also
called performance fitness. This type of physical fitness is important for performing the more
technical aspects of many sports. There are six skill-related physical fitness sections: agility,
balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed.
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Praxis Physical Education: Content Knowledge (5091) Prep
27 chapters | 240 lessons | 22 flashcard sets
Ch 1. Introduction to Physical Education
What is Physical Education? - Definition & Overview 3:50
The NASPE Standards 3:46
Health-Related & Skill-Related Physical Fitness 5:32
6:12
Next Lesson
The Benefits of Regular Physical Activity: Mental Health, Stress & Life Span
Lifestyle Choices and Personal Wellness: Decisions, Behavior & Prevention 6:06
Components of Exercise Programs: Aerobics, Strength Training & Stretching 7:02
The 3 Principles of Training: Overload, Specificity & Progression 4:05
Exercise Physiology: Definition & Goals 4:29
The Teacher's Role in Elementary & Secondary Physical Education
Benefits of Recess for Elementary School Children
Trends, Issues & Developments in Physical Education 4:35
Liability & Legal Considerations for Physical Education 3:59
How Substance Abuse Affects Student Health & Performance 4:25
Go to Introduction to Physical Education
Ch 2. Physical Development, Health &...
Ch 3. Motor Skills & Movement...
Ch 4. Kinesiology & Biomechanics
Ch 5. Physical Education & Weight...
Ch 6. Functions of the Cardiorespiratory...
Ch 7. Muscular System Functions
Ch 8. Gross Anatomy of the Muscular...
Ch 9. Connective Tissue Overview
Ch 10. Human Skeletal System
Ch 11. Softball Rules & Skills
Ch 12. Soccer History & Rules
Ch 13. Swimming Skills & Benefits
Ch 14. Tennis Rules & Techniques
Ch 15. History & Rules of Track & Field
Ch 16. Volleyball History & Rules
Ch 17. Cognitive Influences on Learning
Ch 18. Behavioral Influences on...
Ch 19. Student Learning & Motivation
Ch 20. Managing the Physical Education...
Ch 21. Communication in Physical Education...
Ch 22. Planning & Instruction in Physical...
Ch 23. Student Assessment Types
Ch 24. Measurement & Analysis for Student...
Ch 25. Student Assessment in Special...
Ch 26. Collaboration, Reflection & Technology...
Ch 27. Praxis Physical Education...
Health-Related & Skill-Related Fitness Components
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