PRIMARY 1

SET 5

Logical Thinking

1. According to the pattern shown below, how many ! is / are there in the 23rd group?

Answer: 66

1st group = 1

For the next following groups, add the odd number rows + column which is (odd row – 1 ) +
diagonal which is (odd row – 2). Or just add 6 because the interval from the 3rd group up to the
23rd is 6.

3rd group = 3 + 2 + 1 = 6

5th group = 5 + 4 + 3 = 12

7th group = 7 + 6 + 5 = 18

23rd group = 23 + 22 + 21 = 66
 2. Four cups are placed upturned on the counter. Each cup has the same number of sweets
and a declaration about the number of sweets in it. The declaration are: Five or Six,
Seven or Eight, Six or Seven, Seven or Five. Only one of the declaration is correct. How
many sweets are there under each cup?

Answer: 8
Solution:
As it is given that only one of the four declaration is correct, the correct number can not appear
in more than one declaration. If it appears in more than one declaration, then more than one
declaration will be correct. Hence, there are 8 sweets under each cup.

3. You have 14 apples. Your Friend Monika takes away 3 and gives you 2. You drop 7 but
pick up 4. Bhim takes 4 and gives 5. You take one from Monika and give it to Bhim in
exchange for 3 more. You give those 3 to Monika and she gives you an apple and an
orange. Fiza comes and takes the apple Monika gave you and gives you a pear. You give
the pear to Bhim in exchange for an apple. Fiza then takes an apple from Monika, gives it
to Bhim for an orange, and gives you the orange for an apple. How many pears do you
have?

Answer: None.
Solution: Fiza gave you a pear in exchange of the apple which Monika gave you. And you gave
that pear to Bhim in exchange for an apple. All the others exchanges involved apples and/or
oranges.

4. A girl found that she had a 56 cm strip of ribbon. She could cut a cm off every second.
How long would it take for her to cut 56 pieces? She cannot fold the strip and also,
cannot stack two or more strips and cut them together.

Answer: 55 sec.
Solution:
To get 56 pieces, the girl will have to put only 55 cuts. i.e. she can cut 56 pieces in 55 seconds.
After getting 54 pieces, she will have a 2 cm long piece. She can cut it into two with just a one
cut in 1 second. Hence, total of 55 seconds.

5. Chelsea had twenty-one hens, all but eleven died, how many hens is Chelsea left with?
Answer: Eleven
Arithmetic
6. Find the value of 535 – 282 + 682 + 965 + 2356 + 889 + 111 - 1056

Answer: 4200
Solution:
By rearranging,
(535 + 965) + (682 – 282) + (2356 – 1056) + (111 + 889)
= 1500 + 400 + 1300 + 1000
= 4200

7. Find the value of 7250 x 450 – 5050 x 450

Answer: 990,000
Solution:
By factoring,,
(7250 – 5050) x 450
= 2200 x 450
= 990,000

8. Find the value of 780 ÷ 15 + 645 ÷ 15 + 450 ÷ 15 – 945 ÷ 15

Answer: 62
Solution:
Factor out common divisor,
(780 + 645 + 450 – 945) ÷ 15
= 930 ÷ 15
= 62

9. Find the value of 877 x 11 – 456 x 11 – 378 x 11 – 30 x 11

Answer: 143
Solution:
Factor out the common multiplier,
(877 – 456 – 378 – 30) x 11
= 13 x 11
= 143
10. Find the value of 15 + 30 + 45 + 60 + 75 + … + 135 + 150

Answer: 825
By adding by pair,
(15 + 150) + (30 + 135) + (45 + 120) + (60 + 105) + (75 + 90)
= 165 + 165 + 165 + 165 + 165
= 825
Number Theory

1 Which is the missing section?


Answer: A
Solution:
Lines across progress, in turn, -1, -3, -5, -4.
Answer: 9.
Solution:
(6 + 17) – (5 + 9).

13. Which is the missing section?

Answer: B.
Solution:
Lines across proceed +2, -3, +2. Lines down proceed -3, +2, -3.

1 What number should replace the question

Answer: 57.
Solution:
There are two alternative sequences : +14,-97.
1 Which is the missing section?

5.
.

Answer: B .
Solution:
Start at the bottom left hand corner square and work along the bottom row, then back along the
next row up etc, repeating the numbers 38219.

Geometry

16: The figure below contains only horizontal and vertical lines. Calculate its
perimeter.
Answer: 42
Solution: The perimeter of a figure is the length around it. To find the perimeter of a polygon,
add the lengths of its sides. Start by filling in the missing lengths of the sides. For instance, the
length of the shorter missing side is 6 because if you add it to the 3 on the left, the result should
be the 9 on the right.




Finally, add the side lengths together to find the perimeter.
12 + 3 + 9 + 9 + 6 + 3 = 42

17. Find the measure of the missing angle in the triangle below.

Answer: 50°
The sum of the angles of a triangle is 180°. Therefore, if we subtract the two given angles from
180°, the result will be the missing angle.
180 – 95 – 35 = 50
Therefore, the missing angle is 50°.

18. How many square(s) is / are there in the figure below?


19. How many right-angled triangle(s) is / are there in the figure below?

Answer: 16
8 small triangles + 4 + 4 = 16 triangles
20. A big square is formed by 9 small squares with side length 3 cm. What is the area of the big
square in cm2?

3 cm

Answer: 81
Since 1 square has an area of 9 cm2, therefore, 9 x 9 = 81.

Combinatorics
21. In a placement paper, there are three sections comprising of five questions each. How many
ways are there to select 3 questions from each section?

Answer: 1000
Solution::
Total number of methods selecting three question out of five in one section = 5*4/2*1 = 10
Since there are three sections and selection has to be made in each of them
Total methods = 10*10*10 = 1000

22. You have 59 cubic blocks. What is the minimum number that needs to be taken away in order
to construct a solid cube with none left over?

Answer: 32.
Solution:
The next cube number below 64(4 ×4 ×4) is 27(3 ×3 ×3).
In order to construct a solid cube, therefore, with none left over,
59 – 27 = 32 blocks need to be taken away.

23. A blind man had only black or white socks. In his drawer he had 4 socks. He went to the
drawer and took out 2 socks. The chances that he had a pair of white socks was 1/2. What were
the chances that he had drawn out a pair of black socks?

Answer: ZERO.
Solution:
He had 3 white socks and 1 black sock in his drawer. His chances were:
White socks: ½
Mixed Pair: ½
Black socks:

24. How many even numbers of four digits can be formed with the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7;
no digit being used more than once?

Answer : 750
Solution:
Here no. of digits = 8
Case – I where ‘0’ occurs at unit place
Unit place can be filled in 1 way (0) ; Ten’s place can be filled in 7 ways
Hundred’s place can be filled in 6 ways ; Thousand’s place can be filled in 5 ways ;
Using fundamental principle of multiplication the required no. = 1×7×6×5= 210;
Case – II When 0 does not occur at unit place
Unit place can be filled in 3 ways (2, 4, 6); Thousand place can be filled in 6 ways; (one of the
six digits other than zero); Hundred place can be filled in 6 ways; Ten’s place can be filled in 5
ways. Required number of ways = 3 × 6 × 6 × 5 = 540; Total number of numbers =210 + 540 =
750.

25. How many numbers of four digits greater than 2,400 can be formed with digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
& 6; no digit being repeated in any number?

Answer : 540
Solution:
Case – I When 2 occurs at thousand’s place
Thousand’s place can be filled up by 2 in 1 way. Hundred’s place can be filled up by any of the
four digits i.e. 4, 5 and 6 in 3 ways; Ten’s place can be filled in 5 ways ; unit’s place can be filled
in 4 ways; using fundamental principle of multiplication, the required number = 1 × 3 × 5 × 4 =
60.
Case – II When thousand’s place can be occupied by any of the digits out of 3, 4, 5 and 6;
thousand’s place can be filled in 4 ways; Hundred’s place can be filled in 6 ways; Ten’s place can
be filled in 5 ways. Unit’s place can be filled in 4 ways. Hence, the total number of ways are: 4 x
6 x 5 x 4 = 480. So, the required numbers = 60 + 480 = 540