EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 1

IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY
ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENTS IN VNHS

AGCOPRA, DAVONRAY

BELDEROL, DARBIEN JOSH

BUSTILLO, RHODGE

LEDENO, LEONISA

MONSANTO, JHANLEY

VIOLON, MATTSHAWN MICHAEL

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGT (ICT)

VALENCIA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

VALENCIA CITY, BUKIDNON

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 2

Chapter 1
Background of the Study

Introduction
There is no doubt that technology, particularly computers, laptops, and phones, has
become an integral part of many people's daily life in the current generation, particularly
among students. But many of us continue to worry about how these technologies impact
students' learning and their ability to learn, as well as their positive and bad
consequences on them.
the impact of technology on education. As technology evolves, classrooms must adapt
by adding additional technology and integrating it into student learning.
Technology has the potential to both help students learn and damage the educational
process.
Technology improves many educational opportunities and makes students more
comfortable, but it can also be a tool that is overused and could have negative effects on
students.

What kind of existence would we have now if technology didn't exist? Technology plays
a significant role in our daily lives and is essential to human survival in a rapidly
changing environment. The creation of these new technology improves employment,
saves lives, and improves the world.

In actuality, technology has had a significant impact on how we interact with the world
around us and how we live in it today. Technology has a bigger impact than we
anticipated. So, in order to live a better and more uniform existence, we are creating new
innovations.

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Technology in terms of: Academic Performance

Computer of SHS students
Cellphone
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 3

This study aims to explore the relationship between variables by examining the
influence of technology, including computers, laptops, and the internet, on the
academic performance of senior high school students. The dependent variable in
this study is the performance of the students, while the independent variable is the
use of technology. The study seeks to determine how the utilization of technology
might affect students' academic achievements.

Statement of the problem

The general problem of the study is “How does technology affect the student’s
performance in Senior High School? Specifically, it sought to answer the
following questions.
1. How does the following technologies affect student learning does following
devices affect the students learning abilities:
1. Computer
2. Cellphone
3. Internet
4. laptop
2 How does the academic performance of senior high school students correlate
with their utilization of technology, such as computers, laptops, and the internet?
3. Does technology significantly affect the academic performance of Senior High
School Students?

Hypothesis
Balanced and Moderated utilization of technology, including computers, laptops,
and the internet, among senior high school students positively correlates with
improved academic performance.
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 4

Scope And Limitations Of The Study

The academic achievement of senior high school students at Valencia National

High School for the academic year 2022–2023 was evaluated in this study.

The only Valencia National High School students included in this study are those

in grades 11 and 12, who are the investigation's focus and who use the

aforementioned technologies. The respondents will all receive the same set of

questionnaires. Since the researcher only aimed to ascertain the impact of

employing technology on the academic performance of the Senior High School

pupils, it is restricted to the study's objective. The results of this study depend on

the respondents' responses. Students from various tracks make up the

respondents, High School National of Valencia. The research will be done during

the current academic year, 2022–2023. Beyond the aforementioned point, the

framework of this study does not cover any advancements in specifics or new

facts.
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 5

Significance of the study

This research will help the researchers to determine and to know how the

technology affects the student’s level of performance. It is hoped that the

findings of this research would be important to the following:

Students
It will assist the students in understanding how they should utilize technological
tools to further their education as well as assist them in bettering themselves and
participating actively, increasing productivity and motivation.

Parents
They could assist their child in using technology for academic or school-related
objectives, supervise them, and remain actively involved, allowing them to keep
an eye on them both in and out of the classroom .

Teachers
They can learn some new methods and strategies with its assistance, and
teachers can use it to create straightforward lesson plans or exercises.

Researchers
The researchers will be able to complete their course requirements with the aid of
this investigation. Additionally, this will assist students see the significance of
understanding how technology affects a student's academic achievement.

Definition of terms
In this study, the following terms were written to clarify the meanings of the
words used and to provide a frame of reference and a clear interpretation of the
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 6

study.

Adequate - means adequate in terms of quality or quantity.

Cognitivist - a person who believes or works in cognitive grammar.

Ethical - relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with

these

Inferential Statistics- Using a sample of data from the population under

consideration, inferential statistics draws conclusions and makes predictions
about that population.

Millennium - a period of a thousand years, especially when calculated from the

traditional date of the birth of Christ.

Prominent - significant or well-known.

Technology- is the term for tools and apparatus created by the application of
scientific knowledge.

Utilization- is the act of using something in a useful and efficient manner.

Valuable- A thing of significant value, especially a little piece of personal

property, is said to be valuable.

Versatile- means being able to perform or be performed in a variety of different

ways.

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 7

This chapter presents the related literature and studies, foreign and local which

provided the researcher the needed information and direction for the completion

of the study.

Foreign Literature
Lynne Schrum, past president of the International Society for Technology in

Education (ISTE), is an associate professor in the department of instructional

technology at the University of Georgia. Her research, teachings, and writings

focus on issues related to distance education, specifically online learning.

Schrum also investigates the uses of technology in K-12 environments and

identifies ways to support educators in the effort. Educators want students to

learn. She said that It is certainly not enough to tell educators that they need to

use the boxes and wires that have invaded their schools simply because they are

expensive or because students need to know how to use the latest widget. If it's

clear that technological tools will help them achieve that goal, educators will use

those tools. Technology lends itself to exploration. But before technology can be

used effectively, exploration must be valued as important to both teaching and

learning. In a technology-rich classroom, students might search the Web for

information, analyze river water, chart the results, and record what they've

learned on the computer.In such an environment, acquiring content changes from

a static process to one of defining goals the learners wish to pursue. Students
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 8

are active, rather than passive -- producing knowledge and presenting that

knowledge in a variety of formats. In a technology-rich classroom, students don't

"learn" technology. Technology merely provides the tools to be used for

authentic learning. It is a means, not an end.

According to Xiaopeng Ni (2004) a laptop computer has become a personally

intimate partner for a learner. Impacts of mobile technologies have many direct

effects, like better quality and format of documents, or less repetitive works, as

well as many latent effects, like promoting collaboration among peers or

increasing motivation of a learner to be more organized. Such an intimate

relationship is two folds. It provides convenience and instant access for learners.

However, it may also eat up time of learners or become a distracting factor during

the learning process. Partnership may be a most significant characteristic of

mobile learning environments comparing to other technology based learning

environments. Educational computing has undergone a change of focus from e-

learning to mobile learning. More research studies should be done regarding how

psychologies factors are influenced by this characteristic of partnership. Future

research could also look into the relationship of mobile technologies and

learners in a broader mobile learning space.

According to Benjamin Herold (2016) Technology is everywhere in education:

Public schools in the United States now provide at least one computer for every

five students. They spend more than $3 billion per year on digital content. Led by

the federal government, the country is in the midst of a massive effort to make

affordable high-speed Internet and free online teaching resources available to

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 9

even the most rural and remote schools. And in 2015-16, for the first time, more

state standardized tests for the elementary and middle grades will be

administered via technology than by paper and pencil.

There were seven (7) steps for adapting technology to the classroom by Sean

Nank (2017) As the recession of 2008 becomes a not too distant memory, some

schools are finding themselves better funded. With this comes the acquisition of

technology for schools and classrooms. The widespread introduction of

technology can have amazing impacts on curricula, pedagogy, and student

learning. But some schools have not experienced these results. The following are

the seven aspects of adapting technology that will help you avoid lackluster

results. Buy technology for teachers and students, Use the 10% rule (If you have

$100,000 total to spend on technology, then spend $90,000 and set aside $10,000

for professional development and training to support teachers while

implementing the technology.),Give teachers time, Choose a platform and stick

with it, Technology for the sake of technology, Students are and are not digital

natives ,lastly is Assess with technology in a meaningful way.

According to Kelsey Sheehy(2012) The proliferation of social media and

technology has changed the way educators teach, how students learn, and the

way teachers and students communicate. Bob Wise a former governor of West

Virginia and president of the Alliance for Excellent Education, an advocacy

organization, said that  "You can't just slap a netbook [computer] on top of a

textbook and say, 'Great, now we have technology," Good teaching, especially

the kind that involves working with evolving technologies, sometimes requires
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 10

good advice. "The whole intention of Digital Learning Day is to really celebrate

teachers and good instructional learning practices," says Sarah Hall, director of

the Alliance's Center for Secondary School Digital Learning and Policy.

It’s hard to determine whether technology in the classroom is helpful or harmful.

Samantha Cleaver (2014) wrote an article about it. With a world of information at

their fingertips nowadays, it seems like kids should be finding it easier than ever

to succeed in school. However, as more classrooms invest in the latest

technology, test scores remain the same, bringing its effectiveness into question.

“Incorporating technology into the classroom requires a double innovation,”

says Shelley Pasnik, director of the Center for Education and Technology,

Educators who receive new technology must first learn how to use the equipment

and then decide whether or not it supports the class objectives and curriculum.

Despite the challenges, incorporating technology into education still has proven

benefits, especially when it comes to personalized learning. From math games

that adjust the level of difficulty as players progress to electronic books that talk

and respond to the tap of a finger, products that personalize the learning

experience for students often benefit their understanding. An interactive game is

more engaging than a book, so technology often promotes more practice and

review in areas requiring memorization, such as spelling, math and geography.

This frees up time in the classroom so educators can focus on skills like problem

solving, character development and critical thinking.

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 11

Local Literature

The Philippine Star created an article last 12th of July 2014 about how technology

helps students study well. According to it more and more school use technology

such as computers and the internet in their classroom and several improvements

on students have seen and they are now getting better in education. These

improvements are the following: Independence and information gathering,

Critical thinking and reflection, Communication and collaboration, More engaging

learning experience and Preparation for jobs later on. By connecting the internet,

students learn how to do their own research and with the large information that

they access. Students are induced to learn to think critically. Through exchange

of ideas and messages, students are able to collaborate with each other to test

their understanding of lessons. Information today is more engaging to the mind

and the senses because of its multimedia nature. Knowing all of these

improvements and advantages. more and more schools are allowing not just

desktop computers and laptops, but also tablet devices and smartphones in their

classrooms.

According to John Paul Espinosa (2016) Technological advances had greatly

changed the education landscape in that teaching is no longer confined to the

traditional face-to-face delivery of lessons. Now, via internet we can also learn

not only in the classroom but outside the school. Through the convergence of

modern and traditional methods, students are now able to experience the best of

both worlds. They can learn from school and get additional information or
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 12

lessons through the web and internet. A survey conducted by Pearson

Foundation in the United States found that more than six in 10 college students

and high school seniors agree that they study more efficiently by using tablets. A

study conducted by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt in California also showed that

students using iPads performed better in math compared to students using

traditional textbooks. Another study at Oklahoma State University found that 75

percent of students said the use of gadgets enhanced their learning experience.

Even though that the parents and some teacher fear that gadgets may distract

students, surveys and studies have shown that these technological devices are a

big help in learning.Today, more states administered tests for the elementary

and high school through the internet, discarding the use of the traditional pen

and paper.

Back in 1960s where computers are very bulky to the very compact gadgets of

the present time, technology had been continuously developing in the past

decades. Accroding to John Rifuno I. Macaset(2017) a BS Computer Engineering,

technology had played great roles in many people’s daily tasks starting with the

conception of the personal computer, people’s work became faster, and

communication with other people became easier. Recent years, the use of

technology in education has been proven beneficial to both teachers and

students. With the use of the internet, teachers are able to communicate with

their students more easily, and allows them to distribute learning materials such

as assignments, exercises, and tests to their pupils.

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 13

According to a blog posted by Angel de Dios(2012) How technology affects

learning from the views of teachers, With iPads, Facebook, smartphones, video

games, music, and others, technology now occupies a significant amount of a

child's time in the United States (almost eight hours a day - National Center for

Education Statistics, USA). Students in the Philippines probably face the same

increasing amount of time spent on these activities provided by technology.

Thus, it is time to ask how current technology affects student learning. The

response from teachers is particularly important since their perspective comes

directly from the classroom. 

Why teachers have to use technology? article by Glenny E. Laping(2016)

according to it, technology is a way of life. It is everywhere in this computer age.

Students use technology improperly and unproductively so teachers should

provide guidance for them. Also free educational tools are easier and faster to

use than the traditional tools. Teachers could use this to build student’s

collaborative, communication , problem-solving, critical and creative thinking

skills. Technology alone cannot develop in students the skills necessary to

succeed in today’s world. Teachers and parents should teach and guide the

young to use technology the right way productively.

Foreign Studies

Technology is a way to improve students’ goals. But are they using it the way it is

meant to be in classes? Eric Milou, conducted a study that examined the

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 14

algebra teachers if they are using graphic calculators when they are teaching,

their awareness over technology, and changes in curriculum or instructional

practices. The ones who became a part of the study were students and teachers.

They were selected solely because of their great variety of populations. The study

has surveys to be completed by the ones who participated. Of the 243 surveys,

146 were returned, for an average rate of 60%. It has been confirmed that the use

of a graphing calculator is still likely to disagree to many algebra teachers. But

the majority of the teachers says that the use of graphing calculator is a great

tool for motivating the students.

In the James Kulik Study (1994), the researcher used a technique called meta-

analysis to aggregate the findings from more than 500 individual studies of

computer-based instruction. Computer based instruction individualizes the

educational process to accommodate the needs, interests, and learning styles

of each student (Kulik, 1994, 4). The study found that students who used

computer-based instruction scored at the 64th percentile on test of achievement

compared to students in the control conditions without computers who scored at

the percentile. This study helps to show that student achievement can be affected

positively especially through assessment scores. Students also tend to like their

classes more and develop more positive attitudes towards learning which results

in positive academic achievement.

According to Taibah university (2017).Their study was conducted on 231 students

who studying physiology during their 2nd year at one five health colleges they

are the ( Medicine, Dental, Clinical Pharmacy ,Applied medical sciences , and
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 15

nursing).Their research was an online survey to the students regarding to the

use of technology and the devices they use. The Pearson correlation coefficient

and descriptive statistics were implemented to study the frequency

of ,and relationship between technology and their learning achievements in

physiology courses.They study observed a significant relationship between

students use of technology , and the most used devices is laptops (50℅)

phones (42℅) followed by tablets (7℅) and the desktop computers

(0.5℅) .The result of their online survey tells that technology usage might

produce comparatively more significant increase in academic achievements than

would non-usage of technology.

There are many terms that are currently in use so far as ICT in Education is

concerned. Many terms have come and gone and there are overlaps in some

instances which are not necessarily identical. Bybee, Poewll, and Trowbridge

(2008) categorize the uses of computer and associated technologies in

science education into three as follows: learning about computers, learning with

computers and learning through computers. Learning about computers which

deals with knowledge of computers may be thought of as a continuum which

ranges from skills in and awareness of computers at lower level to programming

at higher level (Tabassum, 2004). In this situation students develop technological

literacy which essentially involves acquiring computer-related terminology.

In Harold Wenglinsky's National Study of Technology's Impact on Mathematics

Achivement, Wenglinsky found out that who used higher order of thinking

software shown the gains in math scores of up to 15 weeks above grade

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 16

levels. Wenglinsky also controlled for socioeconomic status, class, size, and

teacher’s characteristics. Thus, all relationships between technologies and

educational outcomes had represented the value added by technology for

comparable groups of students with comparable teachers in a comparable

class sizes. This study has consisted a national sample of about 6,227 fourth

grade students and 7,146 grade eight students on the National Assessment

of Educational Progress. Then another finding was found that higher order uses

of computers and professional development were related to student's academic

achievement in mathematics for both 4th and 8th grade students. The use of

computers mainly for 5 simulations and applications had resulted in higher

math achievement.

Local Studies

According to the study of Jimson Mariano (2017) The Philippine government has

been committed to bring the educational system into a modernized status,

particularly on basic education, in its effort to make each and every student at par

with other students of neighboring developed countries. Our country is now

capable to utilize and produce information and to transform it into knowledge and

vast array of goods and services. The Department of Education (DEPED) has

initiated in 1996 a computerization program with the goal of preparing Filipino

students for employment and competitive career by teaching them to master new

forms of technology. They also would like to harness and enhance the power of
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 17

technology towards developing the entire teaching-learning process, specifically

in its bid to make each and every public school student empowered in this highly

globalized and integrated world economy.

ICT plays a major role in creating a new and improved model of teaching

and learning where education happens anytime and anywhere. According to

Diwanie Perez (2016) to achieve this vision we should continue to use ICT to

revitalize our schools to make them to dynamic, collaborative and innovative

learning institutions where students can become more motivated, inquisitive and

creative learners. Also to link students with vast networked world of knowledge

and information and develop student’s skills and capabilities to critically and

intelligently seek ,absorb, analyze, manage and present information. The

assessment of the current state of computerization of public schools will aim to

help DepEd better integrate ICT in its ambitious K (Kindergarten) to 12 Basic

Education Curriculum (BEC) reform program. • Education Secretary Armin

Luistro said that ICT education will be an important aspect as they formulate an

effectively enhanced K to 12 BEC curriculums. “We have to set up our ICT thrust

as we gradually implement the K to 12 Basic Education Reform Program. As we

all know, ICT plays a very important role in administrative functions as well as in

the teaching and learning process,” Luistro explained.

According to Melvin Matulac, Assistant Prof at University of Santo Tomas,

Today’s education faces a lot of challenges. The swirling changes and

developments in teaching and learning all seem promising and yet are still at
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 18

their infant stages. There is resurgence for Constructivist approaches in the

classroom. Howard Gardner contradicts the IQ phenomena with his own findings

on Multiple Intelligence. The banking method of education is totally unacceptable

to some education circles and yet the new methods bring their own share of

confusion. The use of technology is at least one unavoidable reality and twenty

years after the introduction of the PC, as many roads have been paved for us to

follow, a lot of work still lay ahead. In the present stage, since technology is here

to stay, some educators took a second look at how technology is being used.

Instead of technology dictating what they should do, they started telling

technology what they wanted to do in teaching core subjects. The technology

experts of the school started shifting gears. From being the untouchable nerds in

the computer lab, they suddenly found themselves as the assistants of the

teachers finding ways to bring technology at the service of learning.

Education has changed a lot because of the development of information

Technology and knowledge information society. According to Reynato

Arimbuyutan (2007) Educational infra of the Philippines was meager before 4-5

years Also computing and Internet infra it will not support to education

environment. But Philippine education environment changed fast during 2000~

2006 years. Development of network environment is big effect of computer game

by Philippine young generation. Also, effect of education reform policy that

Philippines government. Philippines making e-Learning systems for remote

education environment. And, there is progressing various project with more

interest about e-Learning. Therefore, the study wants to correct analysis and
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 19

right direction presentation for Philippine remote education environment. The

study is structured as follows. In chapter 2, Environment of education in the

Philippines. In chapter3, environment of e-Learning in the Philippines, Lastly, e-

Learning environment and prospects of the study is made in chapter 4 of his

study

According to the MST News (2013) millions of Filipino students are back to

schools. Some will be studying more comfortably in air-conditioned rooms,

complete with hi-tech learning tools such as computers and modern

methodologies. Others will not be as privileged. Still, learning takes precedence

over disparities in learning conditions. Substance over form, we say. With the

recent implementation of the K to 12 program, the country’s basic education

curriculum undergoes a major overhaul in the form of two additional years from

the existing 10-year basic education. The authority says the transition will

provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong

learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills

development, employment, and entrepreneurship. Moreover, the reform would

make the Philippines comparable and competitive with other countries, as the 12

years of basic schooling had long been a global standard. But while the change

is a welcome development, it may still be considered protracted if taken in the

larger context of learning, which is transforming by leaps and bounds.

Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature and Studies

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 20

Accordingly, the related litterateurs and studies just reviewed provided guides

and directions necessary for the researchers to meet the desired objectives.

Technology has impacted almost every aspect of life today. Technology has

profoundly changed education in many ways,. For one, technology has greatly

expanded access to education. In medieval times, books were rare and only an

elite few had access to educational opportunities. Individuals had to travel to

centers of learning to get an education. Today, massive amounts of information

(books, audio, images, videos) are available at one’s fingertips through the

Internet. Opportunities for communication and collaboration have also been

expanded by technology. Traditionally, classrooms have been relatively isolated,

and collaboration has been limited to other students in the same classroom or

building. Today, technology enables forms of communication and collaboration

undreamed of in the past. 

According to Zuckenburg (2016) “What defines a technological tool - one

historical definition - is something that takes a human’s sense or ability and

augments it and makes it more powerful. So, for example, I wear contact lenses

or glasses; that is a technology that enhances my human ability of vision and

makes it better.”

The findings of the other studies reviewed by the researcher had presented

a relevant study to our research which will rate our study high and make our

study more credible and reliable. It also has the identical or similar findings of the

other related studies.

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 21

Chapter 3
Research Methodology

The study's methodology, respondents, tools, and statistical techniques are all described
in this chapter.

method of the study

The researchers employed the descriptive-correlation approach of research. It is

employed to characterize a population's or phenomenon under study's features.

Descriptive research can often combine parts of both quantitative and qualitative
research approaches, according to Ed Forest (2001), hence it does not easily fit
into the definitions of either. The type of research question, design, and data
analysis that will be used on a certain issue are all referred to as descriptive
research. While inferential statistics seek to establish causation and effect,
descriptive statistics describe what is. Devin Kowalczyk (2013) stated that the
simplest definition of a correlation is a relationship between two variables. To
identify which variables are connected, correlations are used in study for this
very reason.

Population and Sample

The Valencia National High School seniors in Grade 12 for the academic year
2021–2022 served as the study's respondents.

The following formula was used to determine the sample population for
the study that came from each year level:
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 22

N
n
1  Ne2
Where:

n = number of samples

N = total population; and

e = margin of error = 0.05

The table below shows the present senior high school student population at Valencia National

High School and its estimated sample (based on a 5% margin of error):

Table 1

Distribution of the Population and Estimated Sample of all students

Senior High School Students Population Estimated Sample

Grade 12
Every other person in the population would be represented in the estimated sample of

the population, which was obtained by systematic sampling. The total number of grade

12 senior high school pupils is shown in Table 1.

Subjects of the study

Systematic Sampling was used to choose the ____ senior high school students at
Valencia National High School who would participate in the study.
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 23

Table 2

Population and Estimated Sample per Strand

Strand Population Sample
SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

SHS12-

Total

The population size of the year level was divided by the overall population in order to

distribute this sample size equally throughout the Strands. Every course's demographic

and expected sample size are shown in Table 2.

Description of the Instruments

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 24

The "impact of Technology on the academic Performance of SHS students"

instrument, which was created by the researcher and approved by the instructor,

consists of 20 questions that will assess how the usage of technology may

impact or alter students' academic performance in senior high school.

Reliability and Validity of the Instrument

Before disseminating the created questionnaire to the respondents, it was sent to

the teacher or project manager for clearance.

Using the Pearson r product moment correlation algorithm, the test results of

senior high school students were correlated.

The obtained values were significant.

The following response mode was used.

Table 3

Equivalent scale for Verbal Description

Scale Verbal description
1 Never
2 Rarely
3 Occasionally
4 Often
5 Always
performance.

A high score represents that technology highly affects the student’s level of performance.

Procedure of Analysis
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 25

Table 4

Equivalent Mean Range for Verbal Description of impact of Technology

Scale Verbal description Equivalent Mean Range
1 Never 1.00 – 1.79
2 Rarely 1.80 – 2.59
3 Occasionally 2.60 – 3.39
4 Often 3.40 – 4.19
5 Always 4.20 – 5.00

The rating scale was used in the survey questionnaire to determine how

accurately the comments provided indicated how technology had an impact on the

students' performance. The above-described rating system has a scale from 1 to 5.

Table 5
Scale for Student’s Grade
Limits Level
90 and above Excellent
85-89 Above Average
80-84 Average
75-79 Fair
74 and below Poor

The effectiveness of

The following arbitrary scale was used to group pupils in grade 12 according to their

achievement grade. Each level's frequency count and percentage distribution of SHS

pupils was calculated.

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 26

Data Gathering Procedure

Each instructor was asked for permission before the survey was done. After approval,

the respondents received the questionnaire.

The instructor was asked for the average grade of Grade 12 pupils, which was used as a

benchmark for measuring the academic achievement of Valencia National High School

students in 2022–2023.

Treatment of Data

The researcher evaluated, interpreted, and determined the implications of the

data acquired using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
The researchers used Microsoft Excel 2010 to make tabulating and counting the
data they collected easier.
The number of replies and their size with the sample for the students' perception of the
effects of technology were measured using the frequency distribution. The survey also
used ranking, mean, standard deviation, and standard deviation to express how
respondents felt about the influence of technology.

The mean is expressed through the following formula:

∑X
X̅ =
n
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 27

Where:
X̅ = mean
ΣX = sum of all data value
n = number of data items in the sample

The standard deviation is expressed through the following formula:

To determine the relationship between impact of technology and students’ academic

performance, Bi-variate Correlation Analysis with the Pearson –Product Correlation was used.

The Pearson-Product Moment Correlation Coefficient is expressed through the following

formula
EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY 28

Table 6

Correlation Scale and Interpretations

Value of r Interpretations
Between ± .80 to ± .99 High correlation
Between ± .60 to ± .79 Moderately high correlation
Between ± .40 to ± .59 Moderate correlation
Between ± .20 to ± .39 Low correlation
Between ± .01 to ± .19 Negligible correlation

This study used the correlation scale, which showed the interpretation of the
correlation based on the value of r obtained, to analyze the correlation between
the impact of technology and students' academic achievement.

Table 7

P-value Scale

P-value Interpretations

> 0.05 Not Significant

< 0.05 Significant

The p-value for each term evaluates whether the coefficient is equal to zero,
which is the null hypothesis (no effect). If the p-value is less than 0.05, there is a
significant association. The null hypothesis, "There is no significant association
between the impact of technology on students' academic performance," can be
accepted since the p-value with (> 0.05) suggests that there is no significant
relationship.