‘AMERICAN MICROSYSTEMS, INC, Features 262,144 External Quartz, Crystal 3 Has 20 Hr. Resettable Elapsed Time Counter Direct LOD or Tung:sol DT1704 Tube Interface 1 Electrically Selectable Multiplexed LED Output, 1) Minute and Hour SET Controls 1. Separate Display Supply Allows Display Turn Off for Reduced Battery Current Drain ] 1024Hz Outputs for Voltage Doubler -] Calendar Advancing or AM/PM Output General Description ‘The $1856 Digital Clock provides the cireuitry to implement a 4-digit time keoper with separate elapsed time counter. It is an MOSILSI circuit con- sisting of down counters, combinational logic, BCD to T-segment decoder and output buffer transistors $1856 MOS DIGITAL CLOCK in a 40-pin DIP. The circuit has a separate output pin to drive each segment of a Liquid Crystal Display directly. However if the LED mode of operation is selected, only the HRSX10 and F8 through A3 outputs are used to provide segment drive current. In this mode of operation segment drivers F3 through A3 are multiplexed at 25% duty eycle to provide MINUTES, 10's of MINUTES and HOURS information. ‘The ELAPSED TIME COUNTER can be reset and displayed separately without affecting the state of the time keeper. The ELAPSED TIME COUNTER has the added feature of displaying SECONDS, 10's of SECONDS and MINUTES automatically during the first 10 minutes after a reset has occurred. The counter will then display MINUTES, 10's of MINUTES, HOURS and 10's of HOURS for the remainder for its 20 hours capacity. Block Diagram Pin Configuration ope aD nen abe mae amcn screen | wert qe ode ode aq ou ody qe 3.32AMI $1856 Absolute Maximum Ratings Positive Voltage on any Pin ... Negative Voltage on any Pin .. ‘Storage Temperature Operating Temperature . » Vg +0.8V . Vgg—28V ~65°C to +160°C = 40°C to + 100°C Dynamic Characteristics: T, =~ 40°C to +70°C, Vs V, Vpp—6V to ~16V, Vop—5V to -28V ‘Symbol Min, Typ. Max. Units Conditions Vi(08C X) op Vss—6 Vv ‘An Internal resistor of 700K@ Vin Vog~1 | Vss+0.3 v {typical to Vpp is provided VyulControt) | Vgg—0.5 Vesto3 | V for all control inputs. Vin. Yop Vss-6_ | _V VoutOutputs) | Vas—1 Vv Open circuit Vou Yop v_ Open circuit Ipp 10 15 mA Vpp—14V Top 10 mA Vpp—6V Figure 1. Typical Performance Characteristics Typical Applications Automotive Clock rate Time Keoping During Power Interruptions Appliance Timers Industrial Timers Photographie Timers 1 Avionics Timers Portable Clock 4) Household Clock With Auxiliary Battery for Accu- Operational Description ‘The Clock circuit block diagram is shown on the previous page. The input transistor of the circuit forms an oscil- lator circuit with an external quartz crystal and a few ‘other components (see application drawings). The resul- tant 262.144KHz signal is amplified and clipped in the in- put stage. A chain of binary down counters divides the ‘square wave frequency by 256 to supply two complemen- 3.33AMI $1856 tary outputs, #1 and $2 at 1024Hz. These low impedance outputs can drive an external voltage doubler as well as, allow an accurate frequency tuning on the oscillator. Next a divide by four stage produces a 64Hz signal from which the three strobes Sb1, Sb2, and Sbi are generated. ‘The strobe generator also contains logic to synchronize the display outputs with the external strobes as well as, control the segments for Liquid Crystal Display opera- tion. The 64H signal also inputs to a divide by 64-stage to produce a 1 Hz signal which inputs to both the TIME COUNTER and the ELAPSED TIME COUNTER. ‘The TIME COUNTER contains the binary stages and the decoding logic to generate the BCD code for MINUTES, HOURS and HRS X 10. This data is strobed. into the BCD to 7-segment DECODER and loaded into the output buffers in synchronization with the appro- riate strobe, Sb1, Sb2 or Sb8. ‘The ELAPSED TIME COUNTER functions similarly to the TIME COUNTER with the additional decoding of SECONDS and 10's of SECONDS to the display instead of HRS and HRS X10 during the first 10 minutes after reset. An internal connection to Vpp supply at pin 37 holds the clock in the liquid erystal mode and the outputs are inter- faced directly with the LCD as shown in Figure 2. ‘The backplane voltage is generated by buffering the signal which drives the timing counters, ‘This assures that visibility of the display will not occur through syn- chronizing problems or rise and fall time differences, ‘The phase of the segment outputs is generated from the contents of data latches and buffer circuits. This pro- vides an active pull-up or pulldown to both terminals of the segments at all times, thus eliminating the effect of capacitive coupling across the LCD segment. (See Figure 2) ‘When pin 37 is connected to Vgg the multiplexed mode of operation is selected. An ON segment in this mode is dri- ven by a pulldown to Veg which is true during its appro- priate strobe time as shown in Figure 3 below. Figure 3. Strobe Time ee me SE Figure 2. LCD Output Drive (8:88 SAAR $e ‘To assure longevity of the LCD display, a 64H signal is applied to the individual segments. When the applied segment signal is in-phase with the 64Hz backplane (LCD common terminal) voltage, no visibility occurs. When the applied signal is 180° out of phase with the backplane voltage, visibility occurs. The waveforms shown in Figure 2 represent these conditions. A typical LED interface circuit is shown below in Figure 4. In this mode the HRS x 10-digit is a steady state DC ‘output and can be used at any of the 3 strobe times. Figure 4. MOSILED Interface 3.34AM IL $1856 Functional Description of Inputs Ves Positive voltage supply return line for circuit. Y Oscillator pull-up resistor connection. A 10KQ resistor to Voc from this pin serves as the 262.144kHz oscillator load. x Oscillator input pin. Provides amplification at oscillation frequency of the output from the external crystal and RC network, CLR Master Clear. Resets all counters to zero when connected to Vss. ADV. MIN. Sets MINUTES with carry to MINUTES X 10 at a one per second rate when connected to Vss. RST ET Displays contents of ELAPSED TIME COUNTER when connected to Vas, otherwise time of day displayed. Yoo Negative power supply input for output buffers only. Allows display to be turned off while internal lock counters continue to operate. ADV.HRS. Sets HRS, with carry to HRS X10, at a one per second rate connected to Vs. LEDLQ Mode select pin. When connected to Vsg the LED mode is selected. In this mode the three strobe outputs are used to multiplex outputs A3 through F3 to drive MINUTES, MINUTES X10 and HRS X 10 digits, This occurs at 64Hz 25% duty rate, In this mode outputs Al through F1 and A2 through F2 remain off at negative supply level, Vop- Yoo Nogative power supply input for internal logic can be connected to Vop for single supply operation TEST BYPASS | When connected to Vg time counters advanee at 1024 X normal rate. Used for automatic testing of the clock circuitry. a Voltage doubler and frequency check output. This supplies a 1024Hz square wave signal which swings between the Vsg and Vpp voltage levels. 2 ‘Same as $1 but 180° out of phase. Sb3 Strobe signal for HRS digit. 64Hz.25% duty eycle with voltage swing from Vs to Vop. Used only in LED mode. cM ste Drives colon in Liquid Crystal mode and serves as MIN X10 digit strobe in LED mode. Voltage swing Vss to Vop: CAL OUT Calendar advance output. This pin has internal pulldown to Vs only for stepping motor interface, ‘An external 30k resistor may be connected to Vop to drive an external latch for AM-PM display. cM SbL Drives display backplane in LIQUID CRYSTAL mode and serves as MINUTES digit strobe in LED mode. Voltage swing Vss to Vop- Figure 5. 7-Segment Call Out a a (AAA = 3.95 —y) OO _ __‘$1856 Figure 6. Application Data fm 1 Soabiod Ei AUTOMOBILE CLOCK WITH LED DISPLAY wef ok ot ‘mT TAAL (8:88 HOUSEHOLD CLOCK WITH AUXILIARY BATTERY 3.36