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Answer thisWhat are tAllergy symptoms vary, but may include:Breathing problems (coughing, shortness of breath) B
Answer thisWhat causeThe immune system normally protects the body against harmful substances, such as bacteria
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:Severe symptoms of allergy occur. T
Answer thisWhat to expMost allergies can be easily treated with medication. Some children may outgrow an allergy. T
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms develop rapidly, often within seconds or minutes. They may include the following:A
Answer thisWhat causeAnaphylaxis is a severe, whole-body allergic reaction to a chemical that has become an allerge
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if you develop severe symptoms of anaphylaxis. If you are with another person, he or
Answer thisWhat to expAnaphylaxis is a severe disorder that can be life-threatening without prompt treatment. Howe
Answer thisWhat are The main symptom is sudden swelling below the skin surface. You may also develop welts or s
Answer thisWhat causAngioedema may be caused by an allergic reaction. During the reaction, histamine and other c
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Angioedema does not respond to treatment It is severe You h
Answer thisWhat to exAngioedema that does not affect the breathing may be uncomfortable, but is usually harmless
Answer thisWhat are tMost people with asthma have attacks separated by symptom-free periods. Some people hav
Answer thisWhat causAsthma is caused by inflammation in the airways. When an asthma attack occurs, the muscles
Answer thisWho is at hMany people with asthma have an individual or family history of allergies, such as hay fever (a
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if asthma symptoms develop. Call your
Answer thisWhat to exThere is no cure for asthma, although symptoms sometimes improve over time. With proper s
Answer thisWhat are tDermatitis herpetiformis is usually extremely itchy. The bumps or blisters usually appear on th
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause is unknown. However, dermatitis herpetiformis is frequently linked to gluten sensiti
Answer thisWho is at hDermatitis herpetiformis occurs in both men and women, usually of age 20 years and older. A
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if the rash is non- resolving despite of the treatment.
Answer thisWhat to expDermatitis herpetiformis is an autoimmune disorder which is strongly associated with celiac d
Answer thisWhat are tAnaphylaxis, or severe allergic reaction (see below). Hives. Itching of the skin or eyes (commo
Answer thisWhat causeAdverse reactions to drugs are common, and almost any drug can cause an adverse reaction. R
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you are taking a medication and seem to be having a reaction
Answer thisWhat to expMost drug allergies respond readily to treatment. A few cases cause severe asthma, anaphyla
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually begin immediately, within 2 hours after eating. Rarely, the symptoms may b
Answer thisWhat causeNormally, your body's immune system defends against potentially harmful substances, such a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your local emergency number, such as 911, if you have any serious or whole-body reactio
Answer thisWhat to expAvoiding the offending foods may be easy if the food is uncommon or easily identified. Howev
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms that occur shortly after you come into contact with the substance you are allergic t
Answer thisWhat causeAn allergen is something that triggers an allergy. When a person with allergic rhinitis breathes
Answer thisWho is at hWhether or not you are likely to develop allergies is often passed down through families. If bo
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if severe symptoms of allergies or hay
Answer thisWhat to expMost symptoms of allergic rhinitis can be treated. More severe cases require allergy shots.Som
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis may occur 4 - 6 hours after you have left the
Answer thisWhat causeHypersensitivity pneumonitis usually occurs in people who work in places where there are hig
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Answer thisWhat to expMost symptoms go away when you avoid or limit your exposure to the material that caused th
Answer thisHow is theThere are many methods of allergy testing. Among the more common are:Skin tests. Eliminati
Answer thisWho needsAllergy tests are done to determine the specific substances that cause an allergic reaction in a
Answer thisWhere to fiDirections to Hospitals Performing Skin allergy testing
Answer thisWhat to expNormal ResultsIn a nonallergic person, allergy tests should be negative (no response to the all
Answer thisWhat are tItching Swelling of the surface of the skin into red- or skin-colored welts (called wheals) with c
Answer thisWhat are thWhen you have an allergic reaction to a substance, your body releases histamine and other ch
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 or your local emergency number if you have:Fainting Shortness of breath Tightness in
Answer thisWhat to expHives may be uncomfortable, but they generally are harmless and disappear on their own. In m
Answer thisWhat are tBleeding Dark brown urine Muscle ache without an obvious cause, such as exercise or injury M
Answer thisWho is at hMalignant hyperthermia is inherited. Only one parent has to carry the disease for a child to in
Answer thisWhen to seTell both the surgeon and anesthesiologist before having any surgery if:You know that you or
Answer thisWhat to exRepeated episodes or untreated episodes can cause kidney failure. Untreated episodes can be
Answer thisHow is Pai The goal of pain management is to improve function, enabling individuals to work, attend scho
Answer thisWhat are tAneurysms develop slowly over many years and often have no symptoms. If an aneurysm exp
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause is unknown, but risk factors for developing an aortic aneurysm include:Smoki
Answer thisWho is at hAn abdominal aortic aneurysm can develop in anyone, but is most often seen in males over 60
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call 911 if you have pain in your belly or back that does not go a
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome is usually good if an experienced surgeon repairs the aneurysm before it rupture
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms usually begin suddenly, and include severe chest pain. The pain may feel like a
Answer thisWhat causeWhen it leaves the heart, the aorta first moves up through the chest toward the head (the asc
Answer thisWho is at hAging Atherosclerosis Blunt trauma to the chest, such as hitting the steering wheel of a car du
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have symptoms of acute aortic syndrome or severe chest pain, call 911 or your local em
Answer thisWhat to expAcute aortic syndrome is life-threatening. The condition can be managed with surgery if it is d
Answer thisWhat are tBlindness or severe vision impairment in infancy Dark patches of skin (acanthosis nigricans) De
Answer thisWhat causeAlström syndrome is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. This means both your paren
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child have symptoms of diabetes such as increase
Answer thisWhat to exThe following are likely to develop:Deafness Permanent blindness Type 2 diabetes Kidney and
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the organs affected by the deposits. These organs can include the tongu
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of primary amyloidosis is unknown. The condition is related to abnormal and exces
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors have not been identified. Primary amyloidosis is rare. It is similar to multiple myel
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of primary amyloidosis. You know you ha
Answer thisWhat to expHow severe the disease is depends on the organs that are affected. When the heart and kidne
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms depend on the location of the aneurysm. If the aneurysm occurs near the body
Answer thisWhat causIt is not clear exactly what causes aneurysms. Some aneurysms are present at birth (congenita
Answer thisWhen to CoCall your health care provider for if you develop a lump on your body, whether or not it is pain
Answer thisWhat to exWith successful surgical repair, the outlook is often excellent.
Answer thisWhat are sAngina itself is the most important syptom of coronary artery disease. It is the signal of myoca
Answer thisWho is at hStudies have found a number of factors that may induce angina. The risk factors of coronary a
Answer thisWhen to sePeople with cardiovascular diseases family history or bad life-style should go to the doctor to
Answer thisWhat are sAngina itself is the most important syptom of coronary artery disease. It is the signal of myoca
Answer thisWho is at hStudies have found a number of factors that may induce angina. The risk factors of coronary a
Answer thisWhen to sePeople with cardiovascular diseases family history or bad life-style should go to the doctor to
Answer thisWhat are tPatients will usually have symptoms of a blood clot, including:Coughing up blood Fainting Sho
Answer thisWhat causeAntithrombin III is a protein in the blood that naturally blocks blood clots from forming. Conge
Answer thisWhen to seSee your health care provider if you have symptoms of this condition.
Answer thisWhat to expMost patients have a good outcome if they stay on anticoagulant medications.
Answer thisWhat are sThe signs and symptoms of coarctation of the aorta depend on how much blood can flow thro
Answer thisWhat are cThe aorta carries blood from the heart to the vessels that supply the body with blood and nut
Answer thisWho is at hLike many congenital heart disease, the cause of aortic coarctation is not clear. Clinical studies
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your baby has aortic coarctation and symptoms do not improv
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of aortic coarctation depends on whether balloon angioplasty and stenting or th
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms usually begin suddenly, and include severe chest pain. The pain may feel like a
Answer thisWhat causeWhen it leaves the heart, the aorta first moves up through the chest toward the head (the asc
Answer thisWho is at hThe exact cause is unknown, but more common risks include:Aging Atherosclerosis Blunt trau
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have symptoms of aortic dissection or severe chest pain, call 911 or your local emergen
Answer thisWhat to expAortic dissection is life-threatening. The condition can be managed with surgery if it is done be
Answer thisWhat are tAortic insufficiency often has no symptoms for many years. Symptoms may occur slowly or su
Answer thisWhat causesAortic insufficiency can result from any condition that keeps the aortic valve from closing all th
Answer thisWho is at hAortic insufficiency affects approximately 5 out of every 10,000 people. It is most common in m
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of aortic insufficiency. You have aortic ins
Answer thisWhat to expAortic insufficiency is curable with surgical repair. This can completely relieve symptoms unles
Answer thisWhat are tYou may have no symptoms at all until late in the course of the disease. The diagnosis may ha
Answer thisWhat causeIn the United States, aortic stenosis often results from calcium deposits on the aortic valve. Th
Answer thisWho is at hAortic stenosis occurs more often in men than in women. The calcifications that cause most ca
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child have symptoms of aortic stenosis. For examp
Answer thisWhat to expPeople with mild aortic stenosis may do very well using a watchful waiting approach with thei
Answer thisWhat Cause The aortic valve to malfunction for several reasons. For example, the aortic valve may be abno
Answer thisAre There A failing aortic valve may cause a variety of symptoms including shortness of breath, chest pai
Answer thisHow Does TShe decision to proceed with surgery should be made with your medical care team which usu
Answer thisWhat OptionUnlike the mitral valve which can often be repaired, the aortic valve usually requires replacem
Answer thisAre There A number of excellent mechanical replacement valves or prostheses are available today. Most
Answer thisWhy Is SurThe aortic valve is the outflow valve of the left side of the heart, meaning that it opens during
Answer thisWhat Are TIndividual risks of surgery can be best estimated by your cardiothoracic surgeon and cardiolog
Answer thisWhat Will After successful aortic valve replacement, patients can expect to return to their preoperative
Answer thisHow is AortBefore your surgery you will receive general anesthesia. This will make you fall into a pain-free
Answer thisWho needsAortic valve surgery is done when the valve does not work properly. Surgery may be done for
Answer thisWhere to fiDirections to Hospitals Performing Aortic valve surgery - minimally invasive
Answer thisWhat are thRisks for any surgery are:Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs. Blood loss. Breath
Answer thisWhat to expAlways tell your doctor or nurse:If you are or could be pregnant What drugs you are taking, ev
Answer thisWhat to expAfter your operation, you will spend 3 to 7 days in the hospital. You will spend the first night in
Answer thisHow is AorBefore your surgery you will receive general anesthesia. This will make you unconscious and u
Answer thisWho needsYou may need surgery if your aortic valve does not work properly. You may need open-heart v
Answer thisWhere to fiDirections to Hospitals Performing Aortic valve surgery - open
Answer thisWhat are thRisks for any anesthesia are:Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs Blood loss Brea
Answer thisWhat to exAlways tell your doctor or nurse:If you are or could be pregnant What drugs you are taking, ev
Answer thisWhat to expExpect to spend 5 to 7 days in the hospital after surgery. You will spend the first night in the IC
Answer thisWhat are tHardening of the arteries does not cause symptoms until blood flow to part of the body becom
Answer thisWhat causeHardening of the arteries is a process that often occurs with aging. As you grow older, plaque
Answer thisWho is at hFor many people, high cholesterol levels are the result of an unhealthy lifestyle -- most comm
Answer thisWhat to expHardening of the arteries cannot be reversed once it has occurred. However, lifestyle changes
Answer thisWhat are thYou may not be aware that your heart is not beating in a normal pattern, especially if it has be
Answer thisWhat CausesArrhythmias are caused by a disruption of the normal electrical conduction system of the hear
Answer thisWhere to FiDirections to Hospitals Treating Atrial fibrillation
Answer thisWhat to expThe disorder is usually controllable with treatment. Many people with atrial fibrillation do ver
Answer thisWhen could You should not drive for 48 hours after the procedure.
Answer thisWhat medicaHave all of your prescriptions filled before you go home. You should take your drugs the way y
Answer thisShould I t You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every six hours as needed for pain in the area where t
Answer thisWhen mayOne I week after the procedure, you may resume your regular activities, including sexual activit
Answer thisWhen shoul You may remove the Band-aid over your puncture site and shower the day after the procedur
Answer thisWhen can IAsk your doctor when you may go back to work. This will depend on the type of work you do.
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your 911 if you feel:Pain, pressure, tightness, or heaviness in your chest, arm, neck, or jaw
Answer thisWhat are thYou may not be aware that your heart is not beating in a normal pattern. Symptoms may start
Answer thisWhat causesNormally, the four chambers of the heart contract (squeeze) in a very organized way. The elec
Answer thisWho is at hiRisk factors for the development of atrial flutter are:Presence of heart disease Past history of
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of atrial fibrillation or flutter.
Answer thisWhat to expTreatment can often control this disorder. Many people with atrial fibrillation do very well. Ho
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may occur at any time, but most often they accompany a change of body position.
Answer thisWhat causeA myxoma is a primary heart (cardiac) tumor. This means that the tumor started within the he
Answer thisWho is at hMyxomas are more common in women. About 10% of myxomas are passed down through fam
Answer thisWhen to seTell your health care provider if there is any family history of myxomas or if you have symptom
Answer thisWhat to expAlthough a myxoma is not cancer, complications are common. Untreated, a myxoma can lead
Answer thisWhat are tWhen a person has no other congenital defect, symptoms may be absent, especially in childre
Answer thisWhat Cause A heart normally develops with a small opening between the two upper chambers of the hear
Answer thisWho is at hWorldwide, atrial septal defects occur in 1 in 1500 live births. The Centers for Disease Control
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if your baby has the following symptoms as soon as possible:He
Answer thisWhere to FiDirections to hospitals treating atrial septal defects
Answer thisWhat to expSmall atrial septal defects often cause very few problems and may be found much later in life.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms associated with an atrioventricular canal defect depend largely on the type of defe
Answer thisWhat causesThe exact cause of an atrioventricular canal defect is unknown. There is some evidence to sug
Answer thisWho is at hLike most congenital heart defects, it is unclear exactly why certain babies are born with atrio
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider immediately if your child develops signs of heart failure, suc
Answer thisWhat to expAfter a successful surgery, the prognosis is good. Children are likely to lead a normal, healthy l
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of dry beriberi include:Difficulty walking Loss of feeling (sensation) in hands and fe
Answer thisWhat are thThere are two major types of beriberi:Wet beriberi affects the cardiovascular system. Dry beri
Answer thisWhen to CoBeriberi is extremely rare in the United States. However, if you feel your family's diet is inadeq
Answer thisWhat to expUntreated, beriberi is often deadly. With treatment, symptoms usually improve quickly.Heart
Answer thisWhat are tMost of the time, bicuspid aortic valve is not diagnosed in infants or children because it cause
Answer thisWhat causesThe aortic valve allows oxygen-rich blood to flow from the heart to the aorta. It prevents the b
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if your baby:Has no appetite Has unusually pale or bluish skin Se
Answer thisWhat to expHow well the baby does depends on whether complications of bicuspid aortic valve are presen
Answer thisWhat are tBrugada syndrome usually becomes apparent in adulthood, although signs and symptoms, inc
Answer thisWhat causMutations in the SCN5A gene cause Brugada syndrome.Mutations in the SCN5A gene have be
Answer thisWho is at hThis condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the al
Answer thisWhen to sePatients with Brugada syndrome should immediately be transported to the hospital if they suff
Answer thisWhat to exBrugada syndrome usually becomes apparent in adulthood, although it may present in infants
Answer thisWhat are tPatients with Buerger's disease may experience symptoms as the following:Pain and weaknes
Answer thisWhat causeThromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is caused by vasculitis (inflammation of the blo
Answer thisWho is at hSmoking Patients with medical history of Raynaud's disease or autoimmune diseases Race: Bu
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Buerger's disease develop.
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of Buerger's disease varies from person to person, depending on:The patient's life-s
Answer thisWhat are tMost patients with cardiac amyloidosis may experience symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopat
Answer thisWhat Cause Amyloidosis refers to a family of diseases in which there is a buildup of clumps of proteins call
Answer thisWho Is at tAmyloidosis refers to abnormal deposition of amyloid protein in the body tissues and organs.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of cardiac amyloidosis develop. If you experience a
Answer thisWhere to FDirections to Hospitals Treating cardiac amyloidosis
Answer thisWhat to expCardiac amyloidosis is a long-term (chronic) condition that slowly worsens. On average, perso
Answer thisWhat are tWhen you have an arrhythmia, your heartbeat may be:Too slow (bradycardia)Too quick (tachy
Answer thisWhat causeNormally, your heart works as a pump that brings blood to the lungs and the rest of the body.
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for cardiac arrhythmia include:Hypertension or high blood pressure Previous hear
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop any of the symptoms of a possible arrhythmia Yo
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on several factors:The kind of arrhythmia -- some arrhythmias may be
Answer thisWhen could You should not drive for 48 hours after the procedure.
Answer thisWhat medicaAsk your doctor whether you should go back to taking the medications you were on before th
Answer thisShould I t You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every six hours as needed for pain in the area where t
Answer thisWhen mayYou I may resume your regular activities one week after the procedure. Avoid lifting, pushing, o
Answer thisWhen could Usually after one week, when the puncture site is healed. This usually takes about a week. You
Answer thisWhen can IIt depends on the type of your work. You can ask your doctor when you can go back to work.
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your doctor if:There is bleeding at the catheter insertion site that does not stop when you
Answer thisWhat to eatAsk about low-fat or fat-free choices. Ask the server to make substitutions like steamed veget
Answer thisWhat to avPush the butter out of your way or ask that it be removed. Ask for soft margarine instead. Ord
Answer thisWhat are tAnxiety, restlessness Chest pain - Sharp and stabbing pain which worsens with deep breathing
Answer thisWhat causeCardiac tamponade can occur when fluid or blood rapidly accumulates in pericardial cavity an
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if symptoms dev
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may occur at any time, but most often they accompany a change of body position.
Answer thisWhat causeA myxoma is a primary heart (cardiac) tumor. This means that the tumor started within the he
Answer thisWho is at hMyxomas are more common in women. About 10% of myxomas are passed down through fam
Answer thisWhen to seTell your health care provider if there is any family history of myxomas or if you have symptom
Answer thisWhat to expAlthough a myxoma is not cancer, complications are common. Untreated, a myxoma can lead
Answer thisWhat are tChest pain or pressure Coma Decreased urination Fast breathing Fast pulse Heavy sweating, m
Answer thisWhat causeCardiogenic shock occurs whenever the heart is unable to pump as much blood as the body ne
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have symp
Answer thisWhat to expIn the past, the death rate from cardiogenic shock ranged from 80 - 90%. In more recent studi
Answer thisWhat are tIt can present with the following symptoms:Shortness of breath Dizziness Swelling (edema) Ab
Answer thisWhat causeCardiomegaly can occur in various disease conditions like congenital heart defects, heart valve
Answer thisWho is at hCardiomegaly as mentioned above is a physical sign so the patient is at risk if present with the
Answer thisWhen to seOne should seek medical care when suffering from symptoms of cardiomegaly or a positive fa
Answer thisWhat are tIn early stages of the disease, some patient might be asymptomatic. During the course of the
Answer thisWhat causHeart attacks, high blood pressure, nutritional deficiencies, pregnancy, alcohol / cocaine abus
Answer thisWho is at hPeople of all ages and races can have cardiomyopathy. However, certain types of the disease a
Answer thisWhen to seOne should seek medical care when suffering from symptoms of cardiomyopathy or a positive
Answer thisWhat to exSome people live long, healthy lives with cardiomyopathy. Some people don't even realize the
Answer thisWhat are tYou may not have any symptoms or you may have symptoms of a stroke or a transient ischem
Answer thisWhat causeCarotid artery disease occurs when sticky, fatty substances called plaque build up in the inner
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for blockage or narrowing of the arteries include:High blood pressure Diabetes He
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) as soon as symp
Answer thisWhat to expStroke is a leading cause of death in the United States. Some people who have a stroke recove
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms typically start with ventricular tachycardia (VT) during physical activity or emoti
Answer thisWhat causeCPVT is caused by a gene defect (abnormal gene). Genes are part of your DNA, the material pa
Answer thisWho is at hChildren and young adults Having a relative with CPVT Family history of fainting (syncope) or s
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have a rap
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is generally poor. But CPVT can be managed with medication compliance, ICD, regu
Answer thisWhat are tA person may have an aneurysm without having any symptoms. This kind of aneurysm may be
Answer thisWhat causeAneurysms in the brain occur when there is a weakened area in the wall of a blood vessel. An
Answer thisWho is at hAbout 5% of the population has some type of aneurysm in the brain, but only a small number
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have a sud
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome varies. Patients who are in deep comas after an aneurysm rupture generally do n
Answer thisWhat are tChagas disease has two phases -- acute and chronic. The acute phase may have no symptoms
Answer thisWhat causeChagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a parasite related to the African trypanosome
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for Chagas disease include:Living in a hut where reduvid bugs live in the walls Livin
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you may be infected with Chagas dis
Answer thisWhat to expAbout 30% of infected people who are not treated will develop chronic or symptomatic Chaga
Answer thisWhat causeMany people with chest pain fear a heart attack. However, there are many possible causes of
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if:You have sudden crushing, squeezing, tightening, or pressure in your chest. Pain rad
Answer thisWhat are tIt's important to know the symptoms of angina and to seek medical help if you think you are e
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Answer thisWhat causeAngina is a symptom of underlying coronary artery disease that is characterized by a fatty mat
Answer thisWho is at hCertain risk factors make it more likely that you will develop coronary artery disease (CAD) an
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek medical care if you are experiencing:New, unexplained chest pain, upper bod
Answer thisWhat to expStable angina usually improves with lifestyle modifications and proper medication. {{#ev:yout
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of claudication may include:Pain while engaging in rigorous activity. Pain may occu
Answer thisWhat causeClaudication is typically caused by peripheral artery disease, a disease in which a person’s arte
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with the following characteristics are at higher risk for developing both claudication an
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have pain in your limbs when you exercise, see your doctor. Claudication and periphera
Answer thisWhat to expWith proper treatment, many people are able to stay active without experiencing pain. Howe
Answer thisWho is at hYoung athletes who are involved in sports such as baseball, soccer, ice hockey, polo, rugby, cr
Answer thisWhen to se9-1-1 should be contacted immediately when the athlete is found to be unresponsive, apneic,
Answer thisWhat to exCommotio cordis has a poor prognosis with only about a quarter of these victims surviving aft
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms depend on the type of heart block you have. First-degree heart block rare
Answer thisWhat causeIn pregnant women, antibodies can cross the placenta. (The placenta is the organ that attache
Answer thisWho is at hOne form of congenital heart block occurs in babies whose mothers have autoimmune disease
Answer thisWhen to seThe symptoms may suggest other health problems as well. If the symptoms mentioned above
Answer thisWhat to expPatients presenting as fetuses or at birth have significantly higher morbidity and mortality rate
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the specific condition. While congenital heart disease is present at birth
Answer thisWhat causeCongenital heart disease is often divided into two types: cyanotic (blue discoloration caused b
Answer thisWho is at hIndividuals at an increased risk for congenital heart disease include:People with a family histo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you suspect that your child has a heart problem.
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a patient does depends on the specific defect.
Answer thisWhat are tEarly cases of heart failure do not have any symptoms.As the disease develops, people may no
Answer thisWhat causeHeart failure is a long-term (chronic) condition, but it can sometimes develop suddenly.The co
Answer thisWho is at hCertain factors increase your risk of getting heart disease, then increase your risk of getting he
Answer thisWhen to sePatients with early heart failure can compensate. With the disease developing, the heart func
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of people with heart failure can vary dramatically. The following factors may he
Answer thisWhat are thSymptoms of constrictive pericarditis include:Dyspnea - difficulty breathing that slowly develo
Answer thisWhat causesConstrictive pericarditis can occur after any major pericardial disease that cause inflammation
Answer thisWho is at hPatients who have had heart surgery or any pericardial disease are at risk. This condition is mo
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of constrictive pericarditis.
Answer thisWhat to expIf left untreated, constrictive pericarditis may become life threatening. Surgery is reserved for
Answer thisWhat are tChest discomfort, usually in the front of the chest. Exercise intolerance. Shortness of breath. S
Answer thisWhat causeNormally, the left side of the heart produces a higher blood pressure in order to pump blood t
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you experience shortness of breath or chest pain.
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome depends on the cause of the condition. Giving oxygen often improves symptoms
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms depend upon the size of the opening in the septum and the manifestatio
Answer thisWho is at hLike many congenital heart disease, the cause of cor triatriatum is not clear. Clinical studies su
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of cor triatriatum develop. If you experience either
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of cor triatriatum depends on whether the surgery has been done. The outcom
Answer thisWhen could You should not drive for 48 hours after the procedure.
Answer thisWhat medicaAspirin every day - usually for the rest of your life. Ask your doctor about the dose you should
Answer thisShould I t You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every six hours as needed for pain in the area where t
Answer thisWhen mayYou I may resume your regular activities one week after the procedure. Avoid lifting, pushing, o
Answer thisWhen could Usually after one week, when the puncture site is healed. This usually takes about a week. You
Answer thisWhen can IIt depends on the type of your work. You can ask your doctor when you can go back to work.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:There is bleeding at the catheter insertion site that does not stop when you
Answer thisWho needsCoronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is used to treat people who have severe coronary hea
Answer thisWhat to exTests may be done to prepare you for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). For example, yo
Answer thisWhat to exCoronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) requires a team of experts. A cardiothoracic surgeon d
Answer thisWhat are thAlthough complications from coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are uncommon, the risks
Answer thisWhat to expAfter surgery, you'll typically spend 1 or 2 days in an Intensive care unit (ICU). Your heart rate,
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may be very noticeable, but sometimes you can have the disease and not have any
Answer thisWhat causeCoronary heart disease is usually caused by a condition called atherosclerosis, which occurs w
Answer thisWho is at rMany things increase your risk for heart disease:Men in their 40s have a higher risk of CHD tha
Answer thisHow to knoMany tests help diagnose CHD. Usually, your doctor will order more than one test before mak
Answer thisWhat ProceAlthough many indications are the same for performing either PCI or CABG, these two proced
Answer thisHow a coroBlood is typically drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the ha
Answer thisHow to prepYou should not eat or drink anything except water for 9 - 12 hours before having your blood d
Answer thisHow will a When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others fee
Answer thisWhy is a coA coronary risk profile may be done:To screen adults and children for high blood cholesterol a
Answer thisWhat are nThe ideal values are different for people without coronary artery disease or other risk factors
Answer thisWhat do abAbnormal values may be a sign that you are at increased risk for atherosclerosis and related d
Answer thisWhat are thVeins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to th
Answer thisWhen could You should not drive for 48 hours after the procedure.
Answer thisWhat medicaAspirin every day - usually for the rest of your life. Ask your doctor about the dose you should
Answer thisShould I t You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every six hours as needed for pain in the area where t
Answer thisWhen mayYou I may resume your regular activities one week after the procedure. Avoid lifting, pushing, o
Answer thisWhen could Usually after one week, when the puncture site is healed. This usually takes about a week. You
Answer thisWhen can IIt depends on the type of your work. You can ask your doctor when you can go back to work.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:There is bleeding at the catheter insertion site that does not stop when you
Answer thisWhat are tCoronary vasospasm may be silent (without symptoms) or it may result in chest pain or angina
Answer thisWhat causeThe spasm often occurs in coronary arteries that have not become hardened due to plaque bu
Answer thisWho is at hCoronary vasospasm affects approximately 4 out of 100,000 people. About 2% of patients with
Answer thisWhen to seImmediately call- 911 or go to the hospital emergency room if you have a history of angina an
Answer thisWhat are tChanges in skin color (redness) in one leg Increased warmth in one leg Leg pain in one leg Leg
Answer thisWhat causeDeep venous thrombosis (DVT) mainly affects the large veins in the lower leg and thigh. The c
Answer thisWho is at hDVTs are most common in adults over age 60, but can occur at any age.Sitting for long periods
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of DVT.Go to the emergency room or call
Answer thisWhat to exMany DVTs disappear without a problem, but they can return. Some people may have long-te
Answer thisWhat are tDengue fever begins with a sudden high fever, often as high as 104–105 degrees Fahrenheit. A
Answer thisWhat causeDengue fever is caused by one of four different but related viruses. It is spread by the bite of m
Answer thisWho is at hLiving or traveling to a region of the world where the infection is endemic is a risk factor for th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have traveled in an area where dengue fever is known to
Answer thisWhat to expThe condition generally lasts a week or more. Although uncomfortable, dengue fever in most
Answer thisWhat are tThere are no symptoms of dextrocardia if the heart is normal.Conditions that may include dex
Answer thisWhat causeDuring the early weeks of pregnancy, the baby's heart develops. Sometimes, for reasons that
Answer thisWho is at hLike most congenital heart defects, it is unclear exactly why certain babies are born with dexto
Answer thisWhat to expBabies with simple dextrocardia have a normal life expectancy and should have no problems r
Answer thisWhat are tDifficulty swallowing or pain with swallowing Pain in the chest or upper abdomenIt can be har
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of diffuse esophageal spasm is unknown. Very hot or very cold foods may trigger an
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of diffuse esoph
Answer thisWhat to exA diffuse esophageal spasm may come and go (intermittent) or last for a long time (chronic). M
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of heart failure are most common. Usually, they develop slowly over time. Howeve
Answer thisWhat causeHeart disease (which is caused by a narrowing of the arteries) and poorly controlled high bloo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of cardiomyopathy.If chest pain, palpitati
Answer thisWhat to exHeart failure is most often a chronic illness, which may get worse over time. Some people dev
Answer thisWhat are tBleeding, possibly from multiple sites in the body Blood clots Bruising Drop in blood pressure
Answer thisWhat are tNormally when you are injured, certain proteins in the blood become activated and travel to t
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for DIC include:Blood transfusion reaction Cancer, especially certain types of leuke
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call 911 if you have bleeding that won't stop.
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on what is causing the disorder, but DIC can be life-threatening.
Answer thisWhat are tAnxiety Chest pain May come and go (recur) Pain may be sharp and stabbing (pleuritic) or tigh
Answer thisWhat causeTwo types of pericarditis can occur after a heart attack. The first type of pericarditis most ofte
Answer thisWho is at You have a higher risk of pericarditis if you have had a previous heart attack, open heart surge
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of pericarditis after a heart attack You
Answer thisWhat to exThe condition may come back, even in people who receive treatment. In some cases, untreate
Answer thisWhat causShortness of breath has many different causes:A blockage of the air passages in your nose, mo
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Ebstein's anomaly develop after birth and include bluish-colored lips and nails d
Answer thisWhat are th The exact cause of Ebstein's anomaly is unknown, however the use of certain drugs (such as li
Answer thisWho is at hSince the exact cause of Ebstein's anomaly is unknown, it is difficult to distinguish who is at ris
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child develops symptoms of this condition. Seek immedi
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) Bluish lips, fingers, toes, and skin (cyanosis) Chest pain C
Answer thisWhat causeEisenmenger syndrome is caused by a defect in the heart. Most often, babies with this conditi
Answer thisWho is at Like most congenital heart defects, it is unclear exactly why certain babies are born with Eisen
Answer thisWhat to exHow well the infant or child does depends on whether another medical condition is present, a
Answer thisHow do I bA short ECG recording of normal heart rhythm (sinus rhythm) An example of a normal ECG. Cl
Answer thisWhere do yon the top left are the patient's information, name, sex and date of birth at the right of that ar
Answer thisWhat doesThe ECG is a registration of the heart's electric activity.Just like skeletal muscles, the heart is e
Answer thisWhen could You should not drive after the procedure without asking your doctor when you could do that.
Answer thisWhat medica Ask your doctor whether you should go back to taking the medications you were on before th
Answer thisShould I t You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every six hours as needed for pain in the area where t
Answer thisWhen mayYou I may resume your regular activities one week after the procedure. Avoid lifting, pushing, o
Answer thisWhen can IIt depends on the type of your work. You can ask your doctor when you can go back to work.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:Your wound looks infected (redness, increased drainage, swelling, painful).
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of endocarditis may develop slowly (subacute) or suddenly (acute). Fever is the cla
Answer thisWhat are th Endocarditis is usually a result of a blood infection. Bacteria or other infectious substance can
Answer thisWho is at hThe following increase your chances for developing endocarditis:Artificial heart valves Congen
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you note the following symptoms during or after treatment:W
Answer thisWhat to exp Early treatment of bacterial endocarditis generally has a good outcome. Heart valves may be d
Answer thisWhat are tThe annual cost of therapy with Dabigatran are estimated to be $2,884 per patient.The cost o
Answer thisHow manyGivenp the 0.5% mortality reduction (which was of borderline statistical significance for the 150
Answer thisHow muchThat wo one year of therapy in 200 patients would cost an additional 200 X $1,123 or $224,600.
Answer thisHow long do The average age of patients in RE-LYwas 71.4 years. The average years of life a female can exp
Answer thisWhat is theTherefore, $224,600 in societal costs divided by those 6.75 years the person whose life was sa
Answer thisWhat if youIf complications of pharmacotherapy are included in the cost effectiveness analysis, the cost e
Answer thisWhat doesThere
i was a reduction in all cause stroke from 1.57% / year for Warfarin to 1.01% / year for da
Answer thisWhat are th These estimates are driven by “point estimates” A 0.5% improvement in mortality is small, an
Answer thisHow do thes Last year, in TIME magazine, Sir Michael Rawlins, chairman of the National Institute for Health
Answer thisWhat causeThere are many possible causes of fatigue, including:Anemia (including iron deficiency anemia
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor right away if:You are confused or dizzy You have blurred vision You have little
Answer thisWhat are tSome patients experience no symptoms of the disease while others may haveHigh blood pres
Answer thisWhat causeWhile the cause of fibromuscular dysplasia is unknown, it's believed that several factors may p
Answer thisWho is at hThese factors increases the risk for the patientsSex. Women have a much greater risk than me
Answer thisWhen to seIf you are young female and develop any of the above mentioned symptoms then you should
Answer thisWhat to exp After the diagnosis have been made, a repeat Doppler ultrasound exam or a CT angiogram is d
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of gonorrhea usually appear 2 - 5 days after infection, however, in men, symptoms
Answer thisWhat causGonorrhea is caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Anyone who has any type of sex c
Answer thisWho is at hYou are more likely to develop this infection if you:Have multiple sexual partners Have a partn
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have symptoms suggestive of gonorrhea, you should call your health care provider imm
Answer thisWhat to exA gonorrhea infection that has not spread to the bloodstream or other areas almost always ca
Answer thisWhich coron Click on the ECG for magnification. Click on answer for the results of the coronary angiography
Answer thisIs the Dise Yes. HPS can be fatal. It has a mortality rate of 38%.
Answer thisAre there Previous observations of patients that develop HPS from New World Hantaviruses recover com
Answer thisWhat are tIt's important to know the symptoms of a heart attack and call 9-1-1 if someone is having them
Answer thisWhat causeHeart attacks occur most often as a result of a condition called coronary artery disease (CAD).
Answer thisWho is at hCertain risk factors make it more likely that you will develop coronary artery disease (CAD) an
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek medical care if you are experiencing chest discomfort or chest pain, upper bo
Answer thisWhat to expEach year, about 1.1 million people in the United States have heart attacks, and almost half of
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the type of heart block you have.First-degree heart block rarely causes
Answer thisWhat causeHeart block has many causes. Some people are born with the disorder (congenital), while othe
Answer thisWho is at hThe risk factors for congenital and acquired heart block are different.If a pregnant patient has
Answer thisWhen to seIf you are experiencing the above-mentioned symptoms for the first time or are severe, call 9–
Answer thisWhat to expFirst-degree heart block may not cause any symptoms or require treatment. If you have secon
Answer thisWhat are tharmless heart murmur you likely won't have any symptoms and your doctor may discover it
Answer thisWhat causeIf it is innocent murmur that means a normal heart. it is common in newborns and children. A
Answer thisWho is at hFamily history of a heart defect. Uncontrolled high blood pressure (hypertension). Infection of
Answer thisWhen to seMost heart murmurs aren't serious, but if you think you or your child has a heart murmur, ma
Answer thisWhat to exInnocent heart murmurs, the prognosis is excellent. For people with other types of heart murm
Answer thisWhy the PrA heart transplant may be done to treat:Severe angina that can no longer be treated with med
Answer thisWhat are tReactions to medications Problems breathingBleeding InfectionBlood clots (deep venous thro
Answer thisWhat is th You should expect to stay in the hospital for 7 to 21 days after a heart transplant. The first 24
Answer thisWhat are A red to reddish-purple, raised sore (lesion) on the skin A massive, raised tumor with blood ve
Answer thisWhat causAbout 30% of hemangiomas are present at birth. The rest appear in the first several months o
Answer thisWhen to seAll birthmarks, including hemangiomas, should be evaluated by the health care provider durin
Answer thisWhat to exSmall, superficial hemangiomas often disappear on their own. About 50% go away by age 5, a
Answer thisWhere is HHFRS is found throughout the world. Haantan virus is widely distributed in eastern Asia, partic
Answer thisHow do huHantaviruses are carried and transmitted by rodents. People can become infected with these
Answer thisWhich rodeRodents are the natural reservoir for hantaviruses. Known carriers include the striped field mo
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of HFRS usually develop within 1 to 2 weeks after exposure to infectious material, b
Answer thisHow is HFRSeveral laboratory tests are used to confirm a diagnosis of HFRS in patients with a clinical histo
Answer thisHow is HFRSupportive therapy is the mainstay of care for patients with hantavirus infections. Care includ
Answer thisIs HFRS eveDepending upon which virus is causing the HFRS, death occurs in less than 1% to as many as 1
Answer thisHow is HFRRodent control is the primary strategy for preventing hantavirus infections. Rodent population
Answer thisWhat are Anxiety Chest pain Low blood pressure Pale, cool and clammy skin Rapid heart rate Rapid, sha
Answer thisWhat causThe most common cause of hemothorax is chest trauma. It can also occur in patients who hav
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if you have:Any serious injury to the chest. Chest pain or shortness of breathGo to the
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome depends on the cause of the hemothorax and how quickly treatment is given.
Answer thisWhat are tJuvenile form (early-onset, severe form):Aggressive behavior Hyperactivity Mental function ge
Answer thisWhat causHunter syndrome is an inherited condition. Boys are most often affected.The condition is caus
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You or your child has a group of these symptoms You know yo
Answer thisWhat to exPeople with the early-onset (severe) form usually live for 10 - 20 years. People with the late-o
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Hurler syndrome most often appear between ages 3 and 8. Infants with severe H
Answer thisWhat causePersons with Hurler syndrome do not make a substance called lysosomal alpha-L-iduronidase.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have a family history of Hurler syndrome and are conside
Answer thisWhat to exHurler syndrome is a disease with a poor outlook. Children with this disease develop nervous
Answer thisWhat causeA lipid disorder increases your risk for atherosclerosis, and thus for coronary heart disease, str
Answer thisWhat are tMost of the time, there are no symptoms. For most patients, high blood pressure is found wh
Answer thisWhat causeHypertension is generally sub divided into 2 types:Essential hypertension is the most prevalen
Answer thisWho is at hEssential hypertension which is the more common form has several risk factors.Of most impo
Answer thisWhen to seThere is no specific rule of thumb.But, one should have have blood pressure every 2 years by
Answer thisWhat to expHypertension cannot be completely cured.It can be well controlled under the normal limits if
Answer thisWhat are tMost of the patients with hypertensive nephropathy have no specific symptoms, although a m
Answer thisWhat causeHypertensive nephropathy develops as a result of high blood pressure for many years. High bl
Answer thisWho is at hCertain conditions increase your risk for hypertensive nephropathy, including:high blood pres
Answer thisWhen to seYou must make an appointment with the doctor if you have any symptoms and signs listed ab
Answer thisWhat to exWithout dialysis or a kidney transplant, death will occur from the buildup of fluids and waste p
Answer thisWhat are tSome patients have no symptoms. They may not even realize they have the condition until it i
Answer thisWhat causeHypertrophic cardiomyopathy is often asymmetrical, meaning one part of the heart is thicker
Answer thisWho is at hHypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a major cause of death in young athletes who seem complete
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have any symptoms of hypertro
Answer thisWhat to exSome people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may not have symptoms and live a normal lif
Answer thisWhat are tA small drop in potassium usually doesn't cause symptoms. However, a big drop in the level ca
Answer thisWhat causPotassium is needed for cells, especially nerve and muscle cells, to function properly. You get
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have been vomiting or have had excessive diarrhea, or if y
Answer thisWhat to exTaking potassium supplements can usually correct the problem. In severe cases, without prop
Answer thisWhat are tAt first, a newborn with hypoplastic left heart may appear normal. Symptoms usually occur in
Answer thisWhat causeHypoplastic left heart is a rare type of congenital heart disease. It is more common in males th
Answer thisWho is at hHypoplastic left heart is more common in males than in females. Approximately 10% of patien
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider immediately if your infant:Eats less (decreased feeding) Has
Answer thisWhat to expIf left untreated, hypoplastic left heart syndrome is fatal. Survival rates for the staged repair co
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include:Blurry vision Confusion Dizziness Fainting Light-headedness Sleepiness
Answer thisWhat causeBlood pressure that is borderline low for one person may be normal for another. Most norma
Answer thisWhen to seWhen you have symptoms from a drop in blood pressure, you should immediately sit or lie do
Answer thisWhat to exLow blood pressure can usually be treated with success.
Answer thisWhen could You should not drive after the procedure without asking your doctor when you could do that.
Answer thisWhat medicaAsk your doctor whether you should go back to taking the medications you were on before th
Answer thisShould I t You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every six hours as needed for pain in the area where t
Answer thisWhat precaMost devices will not interfere with your defibrillator, but some with strong magnetic fields m
Answer thisWhen mayDo I not use your arm on the side where your pacemaker is inserted to lift, push or pull anythin
Answer thisWhen can IIt depends on the type of your work. You can ask your doctor when you can go back to work.
Answer thisWhen to seeYou should tell your doctor about every shock you feel from your ICD. The settings of your ICD
Answer thisWhat are tThe signs and symptoms of interrupted aortic arch depend on the site of the arch interruption
Answer thisWho is at hLike many congenital heart disease, the cause of interrupted aortic arch is not clear. Clinical su
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your baby has interrupted aortic arch and symptoms do not im
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of interrupted aortic arch depends on the effect of surgery. In most cases, the p
Answer thisHow to EvaFollowing coronary stent implantation, the following set of steps is one way to systematically
Answer thisWhat are tA person may have an aneurysm without having any symptoms. This kind of aneurysm may be
Answer thisWhat causeAneurysms in the brain occur when there is a weakened area in the wall of a blood vessel. An
Answer thisWho is at hFamily history of cerebral aneurysms Polycystic kidney disease Coarctation of the aorta High b
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have a sud
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome varies. Patients who are in deep comas after an aneurysm rupture generally do n
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain Blood in the stool (may be bright red or maroon). Diarrhea Fever Vomiting
Answer thisWhat causesIschemic colitis mainly affects people over 50. Many of them have a history of peripheral vasc
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:Atrial fibrillation Blockage of the large bowel Chronic obstructive pulmona
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of ischemic colitis.
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases of ischemic colitis are mild and will improve on their own. They do not need surgic
Answer thisWhat are tKawasaki disease often begins with a high and persistent fever greater than 102 °F, often as h
Answer thisWhat causeKawasaki disease is a poorly understood illness. The cause has not been determined. It may be
Answer thisWho is at hKawasaki disease occurs most frequently in Japan, where the disease was first discovered. In t
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Kawasaki disease develop. A persistent high feve
Answer thisWhat to expWith early recognition and treatment, full recovery can be expected. However, about 1% of p
Answer thisWhat are tHyperlipidemia itself usually does not produce any symptoms and is often discovered during r
Answer thisWhat causeA lipid disorder increases your risk for atherosclerosis, and thus for heart disease, stroke, high
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have high lipid levels or other risk factors for heart diseases, like smoking, diabetes or h
Answer thisWhat to expHyperlipidemia can lead to hardening of the arteries, also called atherosclerosis. This occurs w
Answer thisWhat are tIt's important to know the symptoms of Lyme disease and to seek medical help if you think ha
Answer thisWho is at hIndividuals who spend time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors in endemic regions a
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek medical care if:You are bitten by a tick. You have a rash similar to erythema m
Answer thisWhere to fMedical care for Lyme disease can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to expFor early cases, prompt treatment is usually curative. However, the severity and treatment of
Answer thisWhat are tBlurred vision Change in mental status Anxiety Confusion Decreased alertness, decreased abil
Answer thisWhat causeThe disorder affects about 1% of people with high blood pressure, including both children and
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call your local emergency number (such as 911) if you have sym
Answer thisWhat to exMany body systems are at serious risk from the extreme rise in blood pressure. Many organs,
Answer thisWhat are tChest pain Chills Coughing up blood Fever Malaise Shortness of breath
Answer thisWhat causeMediastinitis may occur suddenly (acute) or may develop slowly and get worse over time (chr
Answer thisWho is at rRisk factors include:Problems in the upper gastrointestinal tractRecent chest surgery or endos
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if you have had open chest surgery and develop:Chest pain
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a person does depends on the cause of the mediastinitis.Mediastinitis after open ch
Answer thisWhat are tExtra weight around your waist (central or abdominal obesity).
Answer thisWhat causeMetabolic syndrome is becoming more and more common in the United States. Researchers a
Answer thisWho is at hPatients who are obese and have family history are at increased risks.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have signs or symptoms of this condition.
Answer thisWhat to exPeople with metabolic syndrome have an increased long-term risk for developing cardiovascu
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms for acute mitral regurgitation include chest pain unrelated to coronary artery disea
Answer thisWhat causeRegurgitation means leaking from a valve that doesn't close all the way. It is caused by disease
Answer thisWho is at hPersons who already have cardiac disease, sustained trauma to the chest area, have congenita
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation, or if sympto
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a patient does depends on the cause and severity of the valve leakage. Milder forms
Answer thisWhat are tAmong adults there may be no symptoms at all. Symptoms may appear or get worse with exe
Answer thisWhat causeClinical data has suggested that the development of mitral stenosis is related to several factor
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of mitral stenosis. Call your health care p
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome varies widely. The disorder may be mild, without symptoms, or may be more se
Answer thisWhat are tMany patients with mitral valve prolapse do not have symptoms.The group of symptoms foun
Answer thisWhat causeThe mitral valve helps blood on the left side of the heart flow in one direction. It closes to kee
Answer thisHow is MitrBefore your surgery you will receive general anesthesia. This will make you unconscious and u
Answer thisWho needsYou may need surgery if your mitral valve does not work properly because:You have mitral reg
Answer thisWhere to fiDirections to Hospitals Performing Mitral valve surgery - minimally invasive
Answer thisWhat are thRisks for any surgery are:Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs. Blood loss. Breath
Answer thisWhat to expAlways tell your doctor or nurse:If you are or could be pregnant What drugs you are taking, ev
Answer thisWhat to expExpect to spend 3 - 5 days in the hospital after surgery. You will wake up in the intensive care
Answer thisHow is MitBefore your surgery, you will receive general anesthesia. This will make you asleep and pain-fr
Answer thisWho needsYou may need surgery if your mitral valve does not work properly.A mitral valve that does not
Answer thisWhere to fiDirections to Hospitals Performing Mitral valve surgery - open
Answer thisWhat are thRisks for any surgery are:Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs. Blood loss. Breath
Answer thisWhat to exAlways tell your doctor or nurse:If you are or could be pregnant. What drugs you are taking, su
Answer thisWhat to expExpect to spend 4 to 7 days in the hospital after surgery. You will wake up in the intensive care
Answer thisWhat are tThere may be no symptoms. Symptoms may be similar to the flu. If symptoms occur, they may
Answer thisWhat causeMyocarditis is an uncommon disorder that is usually caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infecti
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of myocarditis, especially after a recent in
Answer thisWhat to expHow well you do depends on the cause of the problem and your overall health. The outlook va
Answer thisWhat are Symptoms of Noonan syndrome may include:Physical Appearance: Abnormally shaped or low
Answer thisWhat are tNoonan syndrome is caused by the genetic inheritance of several abnormal genes from one o
Answer thisWho is at Individuals at highest risk are those who have parents or family members with Noonan syndro
Answer thisWhen to seContact your doctor if you feel your infant has symptoms of Noonan syndrome.
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis for individuals with Noonan syndrome is typically good. However, it will vary fro
Answer thisWhat causeTaking in more calories than you burn can lead to obesity because the body stores unused cal
Answer thisWhat causeDehydration due to vomiting, diarrhea, or fever, with a lack of adequate fluid intake. Total uri
Answer thisWho is at hPatient having any of the conditions mentioned in the causes are at risk of oliguria.
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if you have:A noticeable and consistent decrease in urine ou
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis depends on the cause of oliguria.
Answer thisWhat causesChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Cor pulmonale Heart failure Obesity (does not
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have any unexplained difficulty in breathing while lying down, call for an appointment w
Answer thisWhen could You should not drive after the procedure without asking your doctor when you could do that.
Answer thisWhat medicaAsk your doctor whether you should go back to taking the medications you were on before th
Answer thisShould I t You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every six hours as needed for pain in the area where t
Answer thisWhat precaMost machines and devices will not interfere with your pacemaker. But some with strong mag
Answer thisWhen mayDo I not use your arm on the side where your pacemaker is inserted to lift, push or pull anythin
Answer thisWhen can IIt depends on the type of your work. You can ask your doctor when you can go back to work.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:Your wound looks infected (redness, increased drainage, swelling, painful).
Answer thisWhat are tNormally the heart beats 60 - 100 times per minute. In people who exercise routinely or take
Answer thisWhat causeHeart palpitations can be caused by:Anemia Anxiety, stress, fear Caffeine Certain medications
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if:You lose and regain consciousness. Someone with you loses consciousness. You hav
Answer thisWhat are tInfants with patent ductus arteriosus may have symptoms such as:Bounding pulse Fast breath
Answer thisWho is at hLike many congenital heart disease, the cause of patent ductus arteriosus is not clear. Clinical
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your baby has patent ductus arteriosus and symptoms do not
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of patent ductus arteriosus varies widely. It depends on:The size of patent ductus ar
Answer thisWhat are tInfants with a patent foramen ovale and no other heart defects usually do not have symptoms
Answer thisWhat causeWhile a fetus grows in the uterus, its lungs are not functional. The foramen ovale allows blood
Answer thisWho is at hThere are no known risk factors.
Answer thisWhen to seMostly patent foramen ovale stays asymptomatic. In case of development of weakness of any
Answer thisWhat to expThe infant will have normal health in the absence of other heart defects.
Answer thisWhat causFoot, leg, and ankle swelling is common with the following situations:Being overweight Blood
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if:You feel short of breath. You have chest pain, especially if it feels like pressure or ti
Answer thisWho needsPercutaneous coronary intervention is used to restore blood flow to the heart when the coron
Answer thisHow is PerBefore the percutaneous coronary intervention procedure begins, you will be given some pain
Answer thisWhy is theArteries can become narrowed or blocked by deposits called plaque. Plaque is made up of fat
Answer thisWhere to fDirections to Hospitals Performing Percutaneous coronary intervention
Answer thisWhat are tPercutaneous coronary intervention is a common medical procedure. Serious complications d
Answer thisWhat to exCardiologists do coronary angioplasties at hospitals. Cardiologists are doctors who specialize i
Answer thisWhat to exAfter percutaneous coronary intervention, you'll be moved to a special care unit. You'll stay th
Answer thisWhat are tChest pain is almost always present, which is caused by the inflamed pericardium rubbing aga
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of pericarditis is often unknown or unproven, but is often the result of an infection
Answer thisWho is at hPericarditis most often affects men aged 20 - 50. It usually follows respiratory infections.
Answer thisWhen to sePericarditis can be potentially life threatening and one should seek medical care when sufferin
Answer thisWhat to expPericarditis can range from mild cases that get better on their own to life-threatening cases. T
Answer thisWhen could You should not drive for 48 hours after the procedure.
Answer thisWhat medicaAspirin every day. Ask your doctor about the dose you should take. Plavix (clopidogrel) may be
Answer thisShould I t You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every six hours as needed for pain in the area where t
Answer thisWhen mayYou I may resume your regular activities one week after the procedure. Avoid lifting, pushing, o
Answer thisWhen could Usually after one week, when the puncture site is healed. This usually takes about a week. You
Answer thisWhen can IIt depends on the type of your work. you can ask your doctor when you can go back to work.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor or nurse if:There is swelling at the catheter site. There is bleeding at the cathe
Answer thisWhat are tThe classic symptoms are pain, achiness, fatigue, burning, or discomfort in the muscles of you
Answer thisWhat causesPeripheral artery disease is caused by arteriosclerosis, or "hardening of the arteries." This pro
Answer thisWho is at hPeople are at higher risk if they have a history of:Abnormal cholesterol Diabetes Heart disease
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you have:A leg or foot that becomes cool to the touch, pale, b
Answer thisWhat to expYou can usually control peripheral artery disease of the legs without surgery. Surgery provides
Answer thisWhat are tThe signs and symptoms depends on where the left superior vena cava flows to. If it finally flo
Answer thisWho is at hThe cause of persistent left superior vena cava is not clear. Some patients with persistent left
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if your baby has symptoms of persistent left superior vena cava
Answer thisHow to knoEchocardiography: This kind of painless test can help the doctor closely examine persistent left
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of persistent left superior vena cava depends upon where the left superior vena
Answer thisWhat are tBluish skin (cyanosis) Delayed growth or growth failure Fatigue Lethargy Poor feeding Rapid b
Answer thisWhat causesIn normal circulation, the pulmonary artery comes out of the right ventricle and the aorta com
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your infant or child:Appears lethargic Appears overly tired or
Answer thisWhat to expComplete repair usually provides good results. Another procedure may be needed as the patie
Answer thisWhat are tChest pain, usually a sharp pain that is worse with cough or deep breaths. Cough Fever Hiccup
Answer thisWhat causeYour body produces pleural fluid in small amounts to lubricate the surfaces of the pleura, the
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of pleural effusion. Call your provider or g
Answer thisWhat to expThe expected outcome depends upon the underlying disease.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome can include:Increase in heart rate fro
Answer thisWhat are tThe cause of Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome remains unknown. However, most pe
Answer thisWho is at hWomen ages 15-20 years old.
Answer thisWhen to seCall or make an appointment with you doctor if you are experiencing symptoms of POTS
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis is good for about 80% of patients. Usually within a few years symptoms will beg
Answer thisWhat are tOften, women who are diagnosed with preeclampsia do not feel sick.Symptoms of preeclamp
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of preeclampsia is not known.Possible causes include:Autoimmune disorders
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:First pregnancy Multiple pregnancy (twins or more) Obesity Older than ag
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of preeclampsia during your pregnancy.
Answer thisWhat to expUsually the high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and other effects of preeclampsia go aw
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the organs affected by the deposits. These organs can include the tongu
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of primary amyloidosis is unknown. The condition is related to abnormal and exces
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors have not been identified. Primary amyloidosis is rare. It is similar to multiple myel
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of primary amyloidosis. You know you ha
Answer thisWhat to expHow severe the disease is depends on the organs that are affected. When the heart and kidne
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually occur in the first few hours of life. Symptoms may include:Cyanosis Shortne
Answer thisWhat causeAs with most congenital heart diseases, there is no known cause of pulmonary atresia. The co
Answer thisWho is at hLike other congenital heart diseases, the cause of pulmonary atresia is not clear. Pulmonary at
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your baby has symptoms of pulmonary atresia. If one emerge
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases can be helped with surgery. However, prognosis depends on how well a baby does
Answer thisWhat are Anxiety Cough Difficulty breathing Excessive sweating Feeling of "air hunger" or " drowning " (
Answer thisWhat causPulmonary edema is usually caused by heart failure.As the heart fails, pressure in the veins go
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call 911 if you have breathing problems.
Answer thisWhat to exSome patients may need to use a breathing machine for a long time, which may lead to dama
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms vary from person to person. However, the common symptoms are:Chest
Answer thisWhat causeA pulmonary embolism is most often caused by a blood clot in a vein in the leg or in the pelvis
Answer thisWho is at Certain conditions carry a significantly increased risk of pulmonary embolism. These condition
Answer thisWhen to sePulmonary embolism can be potentially life threatening and one should seek medical care wh
Answer thisWhat to exIt is hard to predict the outlook of a person recovering from a pulmonary embolism. It will dep
Answer thisWhat are tShortness of breath or light-headedness during activity is often the first symptom.Fast heart r
Answer thisWhat causeThe right side of the heart pumps blood through the lungs, where it can receive oxygen. When
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You begin to develop shortness of breath when you are active
Answer thisWhat to exThe long-term outlook has been poor, but new therapies may produce better results. Some pe
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal distention Bluish coloration to the skin (cyanosis) in some patients Chest pain Fain
Answer thisWhat causeNarrowing in the pulmonary valve is usually present at birth (congenital). It is caused by a pro
Answer thisWho is at hAs with any congenital heart disease, patients with a family history of pulmonary valve stenos
Answer thisHow to knoNarrowing in the pulmonary valve is usually present at birth (congenital). It is caused by a pro
Answer thisWhat to expAbout one-third of patients with mild stenosis get better, one-third stay the same, and one-th
Answer thisWhat are tMild cases usually do not cause any symptoms. Because pulmonic regurgitation is the result o
Answer thisWhat causePulmonary hypertension is the most common cause of excessive pulmonic regurgitation. Othe
Answer thisWhen to seContact a medical professional when symptoms of breathlessness, fast heart beats, swelling in
Answer thisWhat are thAbsence of palpable pulses is the main finding. Depending upon the cause, the following migh
Answer thisWhat causesCommon causes of PEA include preceding respiratory failure in 40% to 50% of cases, and hypo
Answer thisWho is at hiAge i.e elderly Black race Female gender Heart failure patients Pulmonary disease Syncope
Answer thisWhat to expThe overall prognosis is poor for pulseless electrical activity unless any reversible causes exists
Answer thisWhat are tBleeding from the nose, mouth, gums, and rectum Bloody stool Bruising Confusion Dehydratio
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes include:Accidental exposure to high doses of radiation such as a nuclear power pla
Answer thisWhat are tFever Joint problems, which mainly affect in the knees, elbows, ankles, and wrists, appear join
Answer thisWho is at hRheumatic fever is common worldwide and is responsible for many cases of damaged heart va
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of rheumatic fever. Because several o
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of rheumatic fever depends on:Complications, especially whether heart valves are d
Answer thisWhat are tYou may have no symptoms at all until late in the course of the disease. The diagnosis may ha
Answer thisWhat causeIn the United States, pulmonic stenosis often results from calcium deposits on the pulmonic v
Answer thisWho is at hpulmonic stenosis occurs more often in men than in women. The calcifications that cause mos
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you or your child have symptoms of pulmonic stenosis. For ex
Answer thisWhat to expPeople with mild pulmonic stenosis may do very well using a watchful waiting approach with t
Answer thisWhat are tSecond-degree heart block:The electrical impulse may not reach the lower chambers of the he
Answer thisWhat causeHeart block may be caused by:Side effects of medicines. Heart block can be a side effect of dig
Answer thisWho is at hCommon risk factors associated with second degree AV block include the following: Intrinsic a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your provider if you feel:Dizzy Weak Faint Racing heart beat Skipped heart beat Chest pai
Answer thisWhat to exWith regular monitoring and treatment, you should be able to keep up with most of your usua
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the organs affected by the deposits. Since the kidney is the most comm
Answer thisWhat causeAny condition causing chronic inflammation in the body may cause secondary amyloidosis as w
Answer thisWho is at hPatients with diseases causing chronic infections and persistent inflammation within the body
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of kidney dysfunction, including periorbit
Answer thisWhat to exSince kidney is the most commonly involved organ, it may lead to kidney failure and other com
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of shock include:Confusion or lack of alertness Loss of consciousness Sudden and o
Answer thisWhat causeThere are several kinds of shock. Hypovolemic shock happens when you lose a lot of blood or
Answer thisWhen to seShock is a life-threatening medical emergency and it is important to get help right away.
Answer thisWhat are tA person who has OSA is often not aware of the apnea episodes during the night. Usually, oth
Answer thisWhat causeOSA is caused by the relaxation of the muscles of the back of the throat, which then impede a
Answer thisWho is at hGender: Sleep apnea affects adult men more often than women. According to the American A
Answer thisWhat to expWith the right treatment and follow-up care, the symptoms of sleep apnea should be totally c
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of stroke depends on the location and the area the brain damage. Small strokes ma
Answer thisWhat causeStroke is the emergence condition of brain. There are two types of stroke: ischemic stroke and
Answer thisWho is at hHypertension Heart disease, such as coronary artery disease and rheumatic heart disease Diab
Answer thisWhen to seA stroke is a medical emergency. Anyone suspected of having a stroke should be taken to a m
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of stroke depends on:The location and the area of the brain damage: If a large a
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms occur when something blocks the blood flowing back to the heart. They may begin
Answer thisWhat causeSuperior vena cava (SVC) obstruction is a relatively rare condition.Most often it is caused by a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of SVC obstruction. Complications are
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome varies depending on the cause and the amount of blockage. SVCS caused by a tu
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually start and stop suddenly, and can last for a few minutes or several hours. Th
Answer thisWhat causeNormally, the chambers of the heart (atria and ventricles) contract in a coordinated manner.T
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You often have a sensation of feeling the heart beat quickly an
Answer thisWhat to expPSVT is generally not life threatening. If other heart disorders are present, it can lead to conge
Answer thisWhat are tSyncope itself is a symptom. Patients with syncope may feel:Temporary loss of consciousness
Answer thisWhat causCardiac causesArrhythmia, such as ventricular tachycardia, sick sinus syndrome, long Q-T synd
Answer thisWhen to seSyncope is a sign of temporary loss of consciousness and many patients may recover after sev
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of syncope depends on:Underlying causes: Syncope caused by cardiovascular diseas
Answer thisWhat are tTetralogy of Fallot symptoms vary, depending on the extent of obstruction of blood flow out o
Answer thisWhat are thTetralogy of Fallot is classified as a cyanotic heart defect because the condition causes low oxy
Answer thisWho is at hWhile the exact cause of Tetralogy of Fallot is unknown, several factors may increase the risk o
Answer thisHow to knoIf you or you're baby have any of the symptoms listed above. Contact your doctor if you are un
Answer thisWhat are tClubbing of fingers (skin or bone enlargement around the fingernails) Cyanosis, which become
Answer thisWhat causesTetralogy of Fallot is classified as a cyanotic heart defect because the condition causes low oxy
Answer thisWho is at hThere is a high incidence of chromosomal disorders in children with Tetralogy of Fallot, such a
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if new unexplained symptoms develop or the patient is having a
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases can be corrected with surgery. Babies who have surgery usually do well. Ninety pe
Answer thisWhat are tPatients with ventricular septal defects may not have symptoms. However, if the hole is large
Answer thisWhat causesThe cause of most congenital heart defects is unknown. Many factors seem to be involved.Fac
Answer thisPossible C Delayed growth and development Irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias) Seizures during perio
Answer thisWhen to CoMost often, this condition is diagnosed during routine examination of an infant. Call your infan
Answer thisA quick guiConditions for which there is evidence and/or general agreement that a given procedure or tr
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the type of heart block you have.First-degree heart block rarely causes
Answer thisWhat causeHeart block has many causes. Some people are born with the disorder (congenital), while othe
Answer thisWho is at hElderly, particularly those with ischemic heart disease, and patients with certain disorders suc
Answer thisWhen to seAny syncope, loss of consciousnesses in a patient with known risk factors of heart disease call
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of patients with complete heart block is generally poor without therapy. Patien
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with third-degree AV block typically experience severe bradycardia (an abnormally low
Answer thisWhat causeThird-degree atrioventricular block (AV block) is a medical condition in which the nerve impul
Answer thisWhat are tAneurysms develop slowly over many years. Most patients have no symptoms until the aneur
Answer thisWhat causeThe most common cause of a thoracic aortic aneurysm is hardening of the arteries (atheroscle
Answer thisWhen to seTell your doctor if you have:A family history of connective tissue disorders Chest pain or back
Answer thisWhat to expThe long-term prognosis for patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm is determined by other me
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome may include:Pain, numbness, and tingling in the last th
Answer thisWhat causeThoracic outlet syndrome is a rare condition.Blood vessels and nerves coming from the spine
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with long necks and droopy shoulders may be more likely to develop this condition be
Answer thisWhat to expHaving the fibrous band removed may eliminate symptoms if patients are selected carefully. S
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms vary widely. Sometimes no symptoms may be present in infancy or early childhood
Answer thisWho is at The cause of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is not clear. Some patients have o
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider as soon as possible if your baby has symptoms of total anomalo
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous depends on whether the surgery has been do
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms begin suddenly, last only a short time (from a few minutes to 1 - 2 hours), then disa
Answer thisWhat causeA transient ischemic attack (TIA) is caused by temporary disturbance of blood supply to an are
Answer thisWho is at hRisks for TIA include:High blood pressure Heart disease Migraine headaches Smoking Diabetes
Answer thisWhen to seA TIA is a medical emergency. Call 911 or another local emergency number immediately. Do n
Answer thisWhat to expTIAs do not cause lasting damage to the brain.However, they are a warning sign that you may
Answer thisWhat are tBlueness of the skin Clubbing of the fingers or toes Poor feeding Shortness of breath
Answer thisWhat causesThe cause of most congenital heart defects is unknown.Transposition of the great vessels is a
Answer thisWho is at hFactors in the mother that may increase the risk of this condition include:Age over 40 Alcohol
Answer thisWhen to seeMost often, this condition is diagnosed during routine examination. This condition can also be
Answer thisWhat to expThe child's symptoms will improve after surgery to correct the defect. Most infants who unde
Answer thisWhat are tPatients with ventricular septal defects may not have symptoms. However, if the hole is large
Answer thisWhat causeTricuspid atresia is an uncommon form of congenital heart disease that affects about 5 in ever
Answer thisWho is at hAs with all congenital heart diseases, families with a history of tricuspid atresia run a higher ris
Answer thisWhen to seIf your infant has new changes in breathing patterns, eats less (decreased feeding), or has skin
Answer thisWhat to expImprovement can be expected with most surgical procedures. Unexpected death may occur w
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of tricuspid prolapse include:Weakness Fatigue Irregular heart beats (atrial fibr
Answer thisWhat causeThe tricuspid valve separates the right lower heart chamber (the right ventricle) from the righ
Answer thisHow to knoThe doctor will perform a physical exam and use a stethoscope to listen to your heart and lun
Answer thisWhat are tTricuspid regurgitation may not cause any symptoms if the patient does not have pulmonary h
Answer thisWhat causesThe tricuspid valve separates the right lower heart chamber (the right ventricle) from the righ
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of tricuspid regurgitation are present.
Answer thisWhat to expTreatment of any underlying conditions, especially high blood pressure in the lungs and swelli
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Fatigue Swelling over different parts of the body Abdominal discomfort du
Answer thisWhat causeIt is commonly caused by rheumatic fever and can be accompanied by mitral stenosis. Other c
Answer thisWho is at hRheumatic fever is one the risks factor.
Answer thisWhen to sePatient who have symptoms like fatigue, swelling over body, breathlessness, racing of heart e
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Sudden chest pain that may also be felt in the shoulder, arm, jaw, neck, ba
Answer thisWhat causeCoronary artery disease due to atherosclerosis is by far the most common cause of unstable a
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for coronary artery disease include:Diabetes Family history of coronary heart dise
Answer thisWhen to seSeek medical attention if you have new, unexplained chest pain or pressure. If you have had a
Answer thisWhat to expHow well you do depends on many different things, including:The severity of coronary artery
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the patient and the type and severity of valve disease. Some patients ha
Answer thisWhat causeBefore doctors started giving their patients antibiotics, rheumatic fever was the single biggest
Answer thisWhat are tSome children with vascular ring never develop symptoms. However, other cases may show b
Answer thisWhat causeVascular ring is rare. It accounts for less than 1% of all congenital heart problems. The conditio
Answer thisWho is at hAlthough the cause of vascular ring is not clear, studies have demonstrated that it is associate
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your baby has symptoms of vascular ring. Getting diagnosed a
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of vascular ring depends on:The pressure of the vascular ring putting on the esopha
Answer thisWhat are thA person who has a VF episode can suddenly collapse or become unconscious, because the br
Answer thisWhat causesFibrillation is an uncontrolled twitching or quivering of muscle fibers (fibrils). When it occurs in
Answer thisWho is at hiConditions that can lead to VF include:Electrocution accidents or injury to the heart Heart atta
Answer thisWhen to seeVentricular fibrillation is a medical emergency and must be treated immediately to save a per
Answer thisWhat to expVF will lead to death within a few minutes unless it is treated quickly and effectively. Even the
Answer thisWhat are tPatients with ventricular septal defects may not have symptoms. However, if the hole is large
Answer thisWhat causeBefore a baby is born, the right and left ventricles of its heart are not separate. As the fetus gr
Answer thisWho is at hLike most congenital heart defects, it is unclear exactly why certain babies are born with atrial
Answer thisWhen to seMost often, this condition is diagnosed during routine examination of an infant. Call your infan
Answer thisWhat to expMany small defects will close on their own. For those defects that do not spontaneously close
Answer thisWhat are tIf the heart rate during a ventricular tachycardia episode is very fast or lasts longer than a few
Answer thisWhat causeVentricular tachycardia is a pulse rate of more than 100 beats per minute, with at least three
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have a rap
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on the heart condition and symptoms.
Answer thisWhat are tDifficulty keeping your balance Difficulty swallowing Difficulty walking Double vision or vision
Answer thisWhat causeThe vertebrobasilar system is also called the back (posterior) circulation of the brain. Three m
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 or your local emergency number, or get to the emergency room if you have any symp
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook depends in part on the underlying cause. Strokes are potentially life-threatening,
Answer thisWho should Do not take Vytorin:If you are allergic to ezetimibe or simvastatin, the active ingredients in Vy
Answer thisWhat shouldTell your doctor right away if you experience unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakne
Answer thisHow shouldYour doctor has prescribed your dose of Vytorin. The available doses of Vytorin are 10/10, 10/
Answer thisWhat shoulContact your doctor immediately.
Answer thisWhat are thSee your doctor regularly to check your cholesterol level and to check for side effects. Your do
Answer thisWhat shoulCholesterol is a type of fat found in your blood. Cholesterol comes from two sources. It is prod
Answer thisWhat are tIf the heart rate during a ventricular tachycardia episode is very fast or lasts longer than a few
Answer thisWhat are tVentricular tachycardia is a pulse rate of more than 100 beats per minute, with at least three
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome depends on the heart condition and symptoms.
Answer thisWhat are tHow often the rapid heart rate occurs depends on the patient. Some people with Wolff-Parkin
Answer thisWhat causeNormally, electrical signals in the heart go through a pathway that helps the heart beat regula
Answer thisWho is at Mutations in the PRKAG2 gene cause Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Most cases of Wolff-P
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Wolff-Parkinson-White develop, or if you have t
Answer thisWhat to exCatheter ablation cures this disorder in most patients. The success rate for the procedure rang
Answer thisWhy this mDoxazosin (Cardura, Cardura XL) is used in men to treat the symptoms of an enlarged prostate
Answer thisHow this mDoxazosin comes as a tablet and an extended-release tablet to take by mouth. The doxazosin
Answer thisWhat to doTake the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next do
Answer thisWhy this mPravastatin is used together with lifestyle changes (diet, weight-loss, exercise) to reduce the a
Answer thisHow this mPravastatin comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It is usually taken once a day with or without
Answer thisWhat to doTake the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next do
Answer thisWhat is th People with atrial fibrillation (an irregular heart beat) are at an increased risk of forming a blo
Answer thisWhat is ri Rivaroxaban is a prescription medicine used to:Reduce the risk of stroke and blood clots in pe
Answer thisWho should Do not take rivaroxaban if you:Currently have certain types of abnormal bleeding. Talk to you
Answer thisWhat shouldBefore you take rivaroxaban, tell your doctor if you:Have ever had bleeding problems Have liv
Answer thisHow shouldTake rivaroxaban exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not change your dose or stop taking
Answer thisHow shouldStore rivaroxaban at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20° to 25° C).Keep rivaroxaban
Answer thisHow shouldValsartan comes as a tablet to take by mouth. For the treatment of high blood pressure, it is u
Answer thisWhy is thi Warfarin is used to prevent blood clots from forming or growing larger in your blood and bloo
Answer thisHow shouldWarfarin comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It is usually taken once a day with or without foo
Answer thisWhat speciaBefore taking warfarin,tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to warfarin, any othe
Answer thisWhat speciaEat a normal, healthy diet. Some foods and beverages, particularly those that contain vitamin
Answer thisWhat shouldTake the missed dose as soon as you remember it, if it is the same day that you were to take t
Answer thisWhat side We arfarin may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do no
Answer thisWhat shoulKeep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out * of reach of children.
Answer thisWhat otherCarry an identification card or wear a bracelet stating that you take warfarin. Ask your pharma
Answer thisWhat are tAcanthosis nigricans usually appears slowly and doesn't cause any symptoms other than skin c
Answer thisWhat causeObesity can lead to acanthosis nigricans, as can some endocrine disorders. It is often found in
Answer thisWho is at hAcanthosis nigricans can affect otherwise healthy people, or it can be related to medical prob
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop areas of thick, dark, velvety skin.
Answer thisWhat to expAcanthosis nigricans often fades if the cause can be found and treated.
Answer thisWhat are tAcne commonly appears on the face and shoulders, but it may also occur on the trunk, arms,
Answer thisWhat causAcne occurs when tiny holes on the surface of the skin, called pores, become clogged.Each po
Answer thisWho is at hAcne is most common in teenagers, but it can happen at any age, even in an infant. Three out
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor or a dermatologist if:Self-care measures and over-the-counter medicine have
Answer thisWhat to expAcne usually goes away after the teenage years, but it may last into middle age. The condition
Answer thisWhat are tSometimes, the hair, sebum, and skin cells clump together into a plug. The bacteria in the plug
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of acne is unknown. Doctors think certain factors might cause it: The hormone incre
Answer thisWho is at hAcne is the most common skin disease. People of all races and ages get acne. But it is most co
Answer thisWhat are sSome things can make acne worse:Changing hormone levels in teenage girls and adult women
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor or a dermatologist if:Self-care measures and over-the-counter medicine have
Answer thisWhat to expAcne usually goes away after the teenage years, but it may last into middle age. The condition
Answer thisWhat are tRash or patch on skin Brownish-red or copper-colored patch that is firm and flat on top String
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of acrodermatitis is poorly understood, but its link with other infections is well- doc
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child has signs of this condition.
Answer thisWhat to expAcrodermatitis usually disappears on its own without treatment or complication. However, th
Answer thisWhat are tActinic keratosis is usually found on the face, scalp, back of the hands, chest, or other sun-exp
Answer thisWhat causeActinic keratosis is caused by sun exposure, but it takes many years or decades to develop.
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for actinic keratosis include:Having fair skin, blue or green eyes, or blond or red ha
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if areas of persistent roughness or scal
Answer thisWhat to expActinic keratosis itself is harmless (benign), but about 5% develop into skin cancer.Removal of
Answer thisWhat are tDraining sores in the skin, especially on the chest wall from lung infection with Actinomyces F
Answer thisWhat causeActinomycosis is usually caused by an anaerobic bacteria called Actinomyces israelii, which is
Answer thisWho is at hActinomycosis is usually caused by an anaerobic bacteria called Actinomyces israelii, which is
Answer thisWhen to seContact a doctor once you have the symptoms suggestive of Actinomycosis
Answer thisWhat to exWith treatment, you should recover fully.
Answer thisWhat are tDraining sores in the skin, especially on the chest wall from lung infection with Actinomyces F
Answer thisWhat causeActinomycosis is usually caused by an anaerobic bacteria called Actinomyces israelii, which is
Answer thisWho is at hActinomycosis is usually caused by an anaerobic bacteria called Actinomyces israelii, which is
Answer thisWhen to seContact a doctor once you have the symptoms suggestive of Actinomycosis
Answer thisWhat to expWith treatment, you should recover fully.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of albinism include both dermal and eye features:White or hypo-pigmented hair W
Answer thisWhat causeAlbinism is caused by mutation of genes that lead to defect in melanin synthesis. This mutatio
Answer thisWho is at hIndividuals with familial history of albinism are at risk of albinism
Answer thisWhen to seIf you notice skin changes, they might be possible developing skin cancer If you notice a chang
Answer thisWhat to expPatient with albinism has normal life expectancy
Answer thisWhat are tHair loss usually develops gradually and may be patchy or all over (diffuse). You lose roughly 1
Answer thisWhat causeA sudden physical or emotional stress may cause one-half to three-quarters of the hair throug
Answer thisWho is at hSome women ages 30 - 60 may notice a thinning of the hair that affects the entire scalp. The h
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:You are losing hair in an unusual pattern You are losing hair rapidly or at an
Answer thisWhat to expA careful medical history and examination of the hair and scalp are usually enough to diagnos
Answer thisWhat are tSkin angioma: Skin angioma can be diagnosed by your dermatologist. Most hemangiomas are
Answer thisWho is at hData suggests that risk factor statistics for angiomas include:There is a 1 in 200 chance of havi
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of an angioma develop. If you experience either of
Answer thisWhat to exSkin angioma: Small, superficial hemangiomas often disappear on their own. About 50% go aw
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the type of infection.Symptoms of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillo
Answer thisWhat causeAspergillosis is caused by a fungus (Aspergillus), which is commonly found growing on dead le
Answer thisWho is at hPersons with a compromised immune system are at highest risk for developing a fungal infecti
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of aspergillosis or if you have a weake
Answer thisWhat to expWith treatment, people with allergic aspergillosis usually get better over time. It is common fo
Answer thisWhat are tDecreased coordination of movements (ataxia) in late childhoodAtaxic gait (cerebellar ataxia)
Answer thisWhat causeAtaxia-telangiectasia is inherited, which means it is passed down through families. It is an auto
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child develops symptoms of this disorder.
Answer thisWhat to expEarly death is common, but life expectancy varies.Because persons with this condition are ver
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common symptom is cracked, flaking, peeling skin between the toes or side of the f
Answer thisWhat causeAthlete's foot occurs when a certain fungus grows on your skin in your feet. In addition to the
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor right away if:Your foot is swollen and warm to the touch, especially if there ar
Answer thisWhat to expAthlete's foot infections range from mild to severe and may last a short or long time. They ma
Answer thisWhat are tSkin changes may include:Blisters with oozing and crusting Dry skin all over the body or areas
Answer thisWhat causeAtopic dermatitis is due to a skin reaction (similar to an allergy) in the skin. The reaction leads
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Atopic dermatitis does not get better with home care Sympto
Answer thisWhat to expAtopic dermatitis is a long-term condition. You can control it with treatment, by avoiding irrita
Answer thisWhat are tA change on the skin is the most common sign of skin cancer. This may be a new growth, a sor
Answer thisWho is at hDoctors cannot explain why one person develops skin cancer and another does not, but we do
Answer thisWhen to seIf the biopsy shows that you have cancer, your doctor needs to know the extent (stage) of the
Answer thisWhat to expSkin cancer has a better prognosis, or outcome, than most other types of cancer.Follow-up ca
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of a Bedsore depend on how severe it is. Bedsores are classified in the followin
Answer thisWho is at hPeople at the highest risk for developing a Bedsore include:Individuals who are bedridden Ind
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if an area of the skin blisters or forms an open sore. Contac
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms of Behçet's disease vary from person to person, depending on the blood
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of Behçet's disease is unknown. Most symptoms of the disease are caused by
Answer thisWho is at The underlying cause of Behçet’s disease is not clear. It is suggested that the following factors
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Behçet's disease develop. If one emerges the fol
Answer thisWhat to exBehçet's disease usually runs a protracted course and the mortality is low. Prognosis depends
Answer thisWhat are tEach type of birthmark has its own appearance:Cafe-au-lait spots are light tan, the color of co
Answer thisWho is at hCafe-au-lait spots may occur in people with the genetic disorder, neurofibromatosis. Nearly ev
Answer thisWhen to seHave any birthmarks examined by a health care provider. Report any changes in the birthmark
Answer thisWhat to exLarge moles that are present at birth (congenital nevi) are more likely to become skin cancer (
Answer thisWhat are tSkin markings that look like blood vessels Skin rash or lesion that is redThe different types of b
Answer thisWhat causeThere are two main categories of birthmarks.Red birthmarks are made up of blood vessels clo
Answer thisWhen to seHave all birthmarks examined by a health care provider to determine the treatment, possible
Answer thisWhat to expBirthmarks rarely cause problems, other than cosmetic changes. Many birthmarks go away on
Answer thisWhat are tLung infection may not cause any symptoms. Symptoms may be seen if the infection spreads.
Answer thisWhat causeYou can get blastomyocosis by breathing in this fungus. It is found in moist soil, most common
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of blastomycosis.
Answer thisWhat to expPatients with minor skin sores (lesions) and relatively mild lung infections usually recover com
Answer thisWhat are tA boil may begin as a tender, pinkish-red, swollen, firm area in the skin. Over time, it will feel
Answer thisWhat causeBoils are very common. They are generally caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, but
Answer thisWhat to expSome people have repeated abscesses and are unable to prevent them.Boils can be very painf
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if boils:Appear on the face or spine Do
Answer thisWhat are tBecause there have been few cases identified thus far, scientists are still learning about possib
Answer thisWhat causeBourbon virus infection is caused by a type of thogotovirus, which belongs to Orthomyxovirida
Answer thisWho is at hPeople likely become infected with Bourbon virus when they are bitten by a tick or other inse
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of Bourbon virus infection
Answer thisWhat to expFrom 2014-2017 only 5 cases have been reported with Bourbon virus infection and all resulted
Answer thisWhat are tSome people may have no symptoms, others may have mild redness and irration.In severe ca
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause is not known, but may be related to immune system disorders, certain other diseas
Answer thisWho is at hBullous pemphigoid usually occurs in elderly persons and is rare in young people. Symptoms c
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor for an appointment if you have:Unexplained blisters on your skin An itchy ras
Answer thisWhat to exBullous pemphigoid usually responds well to treatment. Most patients may stop taking medic
Answer thisWhat are tBlisters Pain (the degree of pain is not related to the severity of the burn -- the most serious b
Answer thisWhat causeBurns can be caused by dry heat (like fire), wet heat (such as steam or hot liquids), radiation, f
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if:The burn is extensive (the size of your palm or larger). The burn is severe (third deg
Answer thisWhat causeMost women will have a vaginal yeast infection at some time. Candida albicans is a common t
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal vaginal discharge Ranges from a slightly watery, white discharge to a thick, white, c
Answer thisWho is at hAntibiotics used to treat other types of infections change the normal balance between organis
Answer thisWhen to seThis is the first time that you have had symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection You are unsure o
Answer thisWhat to expThe symptoms usually disappear completely with adequate treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tA carbuncle is a swollen lump or mass under the skin. It may be the size of a pea or as large as
Answer thisWhat causeMost carbuncles are caused by the bacteria staphylococcus aureus. The infection is contagiou
Answer thisWho is at hBecause the condition is contagious, several family members may develop carbuncles at the s
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:A carbuncles does not heal with home treatment within 2 we
Answer thisWhat to expCarbunculus may heal on their own. Others usually respond well to treatment. However, a car
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of cellulitis include:Fever Pain or tenderness in the affected area Skin redness or in
Answer thisWhat causesStaphylococcus and streptococcus bacteria are the most common causes of cellulitis. Normal
Answer thisWho is at hiRisk factors for cellulitis include:Cracks or peeling skin between the toes History of peripheral
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of cellulitis You are being treated for cellu
Answer thisWhat to expCellulitis usually goes away with 7 - 10 days of antibiotics. Longer treatment may be needed if
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptoms are:Severe itching Red pimple-like bumps or hivesItching usually occurs s
Answer thisWhat causeChiggers are found in certain outdoor areas, such as berry patches, tall grass and weeds, and w
Answer thisWho is at hChiggers bite humans around the waist, ankles, or in warm skin folds. Bites commonly occur in
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if the rash itches very badly, or if symp
Answer thisWhat to expThis condition heals itself without treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptom onset often occurs when individuals with cold urticaria are exposed to cold water or
Answer thisWhat causesThough it is not clear what causes cold urticaria, it appears that some people have hypersensi
Answer thisWho is at hCold urticaria does not discriminate against who experiences it, regardless of age or gender. H
Answer thisWhen to seSeek immediate assistance if you experience the following severe reactions after sudden expo
Answer thisWhat are tHerpes may only appear as a skin infection. Small, fluid-filled blisters (vesicles) may appear. Th
Answer thisWhat causeNewborn infants can become infected with herpes virus:In the uterus (intrauterine herpes - th
Answer thisWhen to seIf your baby has any symptoms of birth-acquired herpes, including skin lesions alone, have the
Answer thisWhat to expInfants with systemic herpes or encephalitis often do poorly, despite antiviral medications and
Answer thisWhat are tItching (pruritus) of the skin in exposed areas Skin redness or inflammation in the exposed are
Answer thisWhat causeContact dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin caused by direct contact with an irritating or
Answer thisWho is at hContact dermatitis may involve a reaction to a substance that you are exposed to, or use repe
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms indicate contact dermatitis and it is severe or there
Answer thisWhat to expContact dermatitis usually clears up without complications within 2 or 3 weeks, but may retur
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms vary depending on the cause and whether the dermatitis is due to an allergic reacti
Answer thisWhat causeIrritant dermatitis is the most common type. It's caused by contact with acids, alkaline materia
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of contact dermatitisIt is severeThere is n
Answer thisWhat to expContact dermatitis usually clears up without complications in 2 or 3 weeks. However, it may re
Answer thisWhat are tSkin is thick and hardened. Skin may be flaky and dry. Hardened, thick skin areas are found on
Answer thisWhat causeCorns and calluses are caused by pressure or friction on skin. A corn is thickened skin on the to
Answer thisWhen to seVery closely check your feet if you have diabetes or numbness in the feet or toes. If you have
Answer thisWhat to expCorns and calluses are rarely serious. If treated properly, they should improve without causing
Answer thisWhat are tSeborrheic dermatitis can occur on many different body areas. Usuallky it forms where the ski
Answer thisWhat causeSeborrheic dermatitis is thought to be due to a combination of an over production of skin oil a
Answer thisWho is at hSeborrheic dermatitis appears to run in families. Stress, fatigue, weather extremes, oily skin, i
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if seborrheic dermatitis symptoms do n
Answer thisWhat to expSeborrheic dermatitis is a chronic (life-long) condition that can be controlled with treatment. I
Answer thisWhat are tBlurred vision or double vision (diplopia) Bone pain or tenderness of the breastbone (sternum
Answer thisWhat causeCryptococcus neoformans, the fungus that causes this disease, is ordinarily found in soil. It en
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who have weakened immune system are at highest risk for developing the disease.
Answer thisWhat to expCentral nervous system involvement often causes death or leads to permanent damage.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of cryptococcosis, especially if you hav
Answer thisWhat are tThe only symptom is a growth on the skin. The growth (tag) is usually small, although some m
Answer thisWhat causeCutaneous tags are very common skin growths. They usually occur after midlife and are usuall
Answer thisWho is at hCutaneous skin tags are more common in people who are overweight or who have diabetes.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have cutaneous tags and you want them removed, or if th
Answer thisWhat to expCutaneous tags are generally benign and usually not bothersome. They may become irritated
Answer thisWhat are tMost often, the worms stay in muscles and do not cause symptoms.Symptoms that do occur d
Answer thisWhat are thCysticercosis is caused by swallowing eggs from T. solium, which are found in contaminated fo
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have any symptoms of cysticercosis, contact your health care provider.
Answer thisWhat are tDermatofibromas are most often found on the arms and legs of women. They are small brown
Answer thisWhat CausThe causes of dermatofibroma has not been identified.
Answer thisWho is at hDermatofibromas may occur at any age but are seen more commonly in adults, particularly fe
Answer thisWhen to seDermatofibromas are noncancerous lesions, but seek medical evaluation if a lesion begins to i
Answer thisWhere to fMedical care for (Dermatofibroma) can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is generally excellent.
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common signs and symptoms of dermatomyositis include:Difficulty swallowing Mus
Answer thisWhat causeIts an autoimmune disease who's actual cause is unknown.
Answer thisWho is at hThe cause of dermatomyositis is unknown. Its more commonly found in women in extremes o
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of dermatomyositis develop.
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of dermatomyositis varies from person to person. Some children with dermatomyo
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of ringworm include:Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may blister and ooze. The
Answer thisWhat causeRingworm is common, especially among children. However, it may affect people of all ages. It
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor right away if you have any signs of a bacterial infection, which can result from
Answer thisWhat to exSkin medicine usually treats ringworm within 4 weeks. If your ringworm infection is severe or
Answer thisWhat are tThe incubation period is 2–5 days (range: 1–10 days). Affected anatomic sites include the muc
Answer thisWhat causHumans are the only known reservoir of C. diphtheriae. Person-to-person transmission occurs
Answer thisWho is at hChildren are at the highest risk of getting the disease.
Answer thisWhen to seIf you think you are having symptoms of diptheria you should contact your doctor.
Answer thisWhat to expThe disease can be prevented by the widespread administration of vaccines. However, the pro
Answer thisWhat causeDry skin is common. It happens more often in the winter when cold air outside and heated air
Answer thisWho is at hBathing too frequently, especially with harsh soaps, may contribute to dry skin. Eczema may c
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:You feel itchy without a visible rash Dryness and itching are preventing you
Answer thisWhat to expYour doctor will perform a physical examination with careful attention to all parts of your skin
Answer thisWhat are tUsually, the first sign of dysplastic nevus is a change in the size, shape, color or feel of a mole.
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of melanoma is related to several factors.Su
Answer thisWhen to seCall your dermatologist if symptoms of dysplastic nevus develops.
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of melanoma depends on the following:The location and size Whether there wa
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom of ecthyma is a small blister with a red border that may be filled with pus.
Answer thisWhat causEcthyma is most often caused by the bacteria streptococcus. Sometimes, staphylococcus bact
Answer thisWho is at hThe infection may start in skin that has been injured due to a scratch or insect bite. It often de
Answer thisWhen to seMake an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of ecthyma.
Answer thisWhat to exUnlike impetigo, ecthyma can sometimes result in scarring.
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with ectodermal dysplasia may not sweat or may have decreased sweating because of
Answer thisWhat causeThere are many different types of ectodermal dysplasia.
Answer thisWho is at hMany gene defects can cause ectodermal dysplasias. The most common form of ectodermal d
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if your child shows symptoms of this d
Answer thisWhat to expHaving ectodermal dysplasia will not shorten your lifespan, but you must pay constant attenti
Answer thisWhat is Ec Eczema, also called atopic dermatitis, is manifested as a skin swelling, flakiness, dryness of the
Answer thisWhat are tEczema can present as: severe itchiness Skin color changes Flakiness of the skin Small bumps I
Answer thisWhat are tThe time between the tick bite and when symptoms occur is about 7 - 9 days. This is called the
Answer thisWhat causeEhrlichiosis is caused by bacteria that belong to the family called Rickettsiae. Rickettsial bacter
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for ehrlichiosis include:Living near an area with a lot of ticks Owning a pet that ma
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you become sick after a recent tick bite or if you've been in ar
Answer thisWhat to expEhrlichiosis is rarely deadly. With antibiotics, patients usually improve within 24 - 48 hours. Re
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the type of epidermolysis bullosa, but can include:Alopecia (hair loss) B
Answer thisWhat causeThere are four main types of epidermolysis bullosa:Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Epiderm
Answer thisWho is at hAll types of epidermolysis bullosa are usually inherited. Having a family history of the disease,
Answer thisWhen to seIf your infant has any blistering shortly after birth, call your health care provider. If you have a
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook depends on the severity of the illness. Mild forms of epidermolysis bullosa impro
Answer thisWhat are tIrregular (or nodular) lesions below the skin surface are the major symptom of epithelioid sarc
Answer thisWhat causeMutations in the SMARCB1 gene cause epithelioid sarcoma.
Answer thisWho is at hThe most potent risk factor in the development of epithelioid sarcoma is the presence of fami
Answer thisWhen to seA person should seek urgent medical care when there are any complications that arise from e
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of epithelioid sarcoma is good for females.
Answer thisWhat are tBlisters Fever Chills Fatigue Headaches Vomiting Painful, red, swollen, and warm skin underne
Answer thisWhat causeErysipelas is usually caused by group A streptococcus bacterial infection, but can also be cause
Answer thisWho is at hIndividuals displaying the following traits are at highest risk for developing Erysipelas:Overwei
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek urgent medical care if you experience any of the symptoms indicative of Erys
Answer thisWhat to expWithout treatment, the prognosis of Erysipelas varies based on the development of complicati
Answer thisWhat are tFever General ill feeling Itching of the skin Joint aches Multiple skin lesions: Start quickly and m
Answer thisWhat causeErythema multiforme is a type of hypsersensitivity reaction that occurs in response to medica
Answer thisWho is at hErythema multiforme occurs primarily in children and young adults.
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have symp
Answer thisWhat to exMild forms of erythema multiforme usually get better in 2 - 6 weeks, but they may return. Mo
Answer thisWhat are Erythema nodosum is most common on the shins, but it may also occur on other areas of the
Answer thisWhat causIn about half of cases, the exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown. Some cases may be
Answer thisWho is at The condition is more common in women than it is in men.
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of erythema
Answer thisWhat to exErythema nodosum is uncomfortable, but it is usually not dangerous. Symptoms typically disa
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is a rash of small, yellow-to-white colored papules surrounded by red skin
Answer thisWhat causeIts cause is unknown.The condition may be present in the first few hours of life, generally app
Answer thisWho is at hErythema toxicum may appear in 50 percent or more of all normal newborn infants. It usually
Answer thisWhen to seDiscuss the condition with your health care provider during a routine examination if you are c
Answer thisWhat to exThe rash usually clears within 2 weeks. It is usually completely gone by age 4 months.
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptoms of Erythrasma include the following:Reddish-brown slightly scaly patches
Answer thisWhat causeErythrasma is caused by the bacteria Corynebacterium minutissimum.
Answer thisWho is at hIndividuals with the following characteristics are at highest risk to develop Erythrasma:Being o
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of erythrasma develop; er
Answer thisWhat to expComplete recovery is expected following treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tUsual signs and symptoms are:Eczematoid changes in the area skinTingling, itching, increased
Answer thisWho is at The cause of Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is unknown.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of extramammary Paget's disease develop. If you e
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of extramamary Paget's disease depends on the following:Whether or not the t
Answer thisWhat are tHives Itching (can be severe, and may be all over or just where the rash is located) Rash with s
Answer thisWhat causeFleas prefer to live on dogs and cats, but may also be found on humans and other available an
Answer thisWho is at hPet owners may not be bothered by fleas until their pet is gone for a long period of time, and
Answer thisWhat to expGetting rid of fleas can be difficult and takes persistence.
Answer thisWhat are thCommon symptoms include a rash, itching, and pimples or pustules near a hair follicle in the n
Answer thisWhat causesFolliculitis starts when hair follicles are damaged by friction from clothing, blockage of the foll
Answer thisWho is at hiPseudofolliculitis barbae is a disorder that occurs mainly in black men. If curly beard hairs are
Answer thisWhen to seeApply home treatment and call your health care provider if symptoms come back frequently,
Answer thisWhat to expFolliculitis usually responds well to treatment, but may come back.
Answer thisWhat are tThe first symptoms are a "pins and needles" sensation followed by numbness. There may be a
Answer thisWhat causeFrostbite occurs when the skin and body tissues are exposed to cold temperature for a prolon
Answer thisWho is at hAlthough anyone who is exposed to freezing cold for a prolonged period of time can get frostb
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care professional if:There has been severe frostbite, or if normal feeling a
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms depend on the location and cause of the gangrene. If the skin is involved, or th
Answer thisWhat causGangrene happens when a body part loses its blood supply. This may happen from injury, an i
Answer thisWho is at hYou have a higher risk for gangrene if you have:A serious injury Blood vessel disease (such as a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor immediately if:A wound does not heal or there are frequent sores in an area A
Answer thisWhat to expWhat to expect depends on where the gangrene is in the body, how much gangrene there is,
Answer thisWhat are tMany people with HSV-2 infection never have sores, or they have very mild symptoms that th
Answer thisWhat causeGenital herpes is caused by two viruses:Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) Herpes simplex vi
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have any symptoms of genital he
Answer thisWhat to expOnce you are infected, the virus stays in your body for the rest of your life. Some people neve
Answer thisWhat are tGenital warts can be raised or flat, and are usually flesh-colored. They may appear as cauliflow
Answer thisWhat causeThe virus that causes genital warts is called human papilloma virus (HPV). More than 70 differ
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with history of unprotected sexual intercourse are at increased risks of genital wart.
Answer thisWhen to seA current or past sexual partner has genital warts You have visible warts on your external gen
Answer thisWhat to expMost sexually active young women become infected with HPV. In many cases, HPV goes away
Answer thisWhat are tA nevus will appear as dark-colored patch with any of the following:Brown to bluish-black colo
Answer thisWhat causeBathing trunk nevi are thought to be caused by defects or problems that occur as a baby grow
Answer thisWho is at hGiant congenital nevus occur in infants.
Answer thisWhen to seThis condition is usually diagnosed at birth. Call for an appointment with your health care prov
Answer thisWhat to expSkin cancer (such as malignant melanoma and other types) may develop in up to 15% (1 out o
Answer thisWhat are tEpisodes of pain radiating away from the lesion, often out of proportion relative to the small s
Answer thisWhat CausEvidence regarding the causes of glomus tumor remain insufficient.
Answer thisWho is at hWomen area t higher risk of developing single glomus tumors while multiple glomus tumors a
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is generally excellent for single glomus tumors tumors treated with wide excision.H
Answer thisWhat are tHair loss usually develops gradually and may be patchy or all over (diffuse). You lose roughly 1
Answer thisWhat causeA sudden physical or emotional stress may cause one-half to three-quarters of the hair throug
Answer thisWho is at hSome women ages 30 - 60 may notice a thinning of the hair that affects the entire scalp. The h
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:You are losing hair in an unusual pattern You are losing hair rapidly or at an
Answer thisWhat to expA careful medical history and examination of the hair and scalp are usually enough to diagnos
Answer thisWhat are tFever Headache Loss of appetite Rash with very small blisters on hands, feet, and diaper area;
Answer thisWhat causeHand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is most commonly caused by coxsackievirus A16, a mem
Answer thisWho is at The most important risk factor is age. The infection occurs most often in children under age 10
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if there are signs of complications, such as pain in neck or arms and legs. Eme
Answer thisWhat to exGenerally, complete recovery occurs in 5 to 7 days.
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Bloody stools Joint pain Purple spots on the skin (p
Answer thisWhat causeHenoch-Schonlein is caused by an abnormal response of the immune system. It is unclear why
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of Henoch-S
Answer thisWhat to exThe disease usually gets better on its own without treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tThe incubation period for hepatitis C is 2 weeks to 6 months. When first infected with the hep
Answer thisWhat causeThe hepatitis C virus is present in the blood of an infected person. If infected blood enters ano
Answer thisWho is at hEarly diagnosis can prevent health problems that may result from infection, and prevent trans
Answer thisWhen to seTalk to your doctor about being tested for hepatitis C if any of the following are true:You are a
Answer thisWhat to expChronic hepatitis C is a serious disease that can result in long-term health problems, including
Answer thisWhat are tHepatitis D may make the symptoms of hepatitis B more severe. Symptoms may include:Abdo
Answer thisWhat causeHepatitis D or delta hepatitis is caused by the hepatitis delta virus (HDV), a defective RNA viru
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:Chronic Hepatitis B Virus carriers are at risk for infection with HDV Using i
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of hepatitis B.
Answer thisWhat to expPersons with an acute HDV infection usually get better over 2 to 3 weeks.Liver enzyme levels r
Answer thisWhat are tThe incubation period following exposure to the hepatitis E virus ranges from three to eight w
Answer thisWhat to expMortality rates are generally low, for Hepatitis E is a “self-limiting” disease, in that it usually go
Answer thisWhat are tFrequent nosebleeds in children GI bleeding, including loss of blood in the stool or dark black
Answer thisWhat causeHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is an inherited condition. It can affect males or females
Answer thisWho is at hThis is a genetic disorder, so people at risk are those who have a family history of hereditary h
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child has frequent nose bleeds or other signs of this dise
Answer thisWhat to expPeople with this syndrome can live a completely normal lifespan, depending on the parts of th
Answer thisWhat are tThe first symptom is usually one-sided pain, tingling, or burning. The pain and burning may be
Answer thisWhat causeAfter you get chickenpox, the virus remains inactive (becomes dormant) in certain nerves in th
Answer thisWho is at hShingles may develop in any age group, but you are more likely to develop the condition if:You
Answer thisWhen to seHerpes zoster usually clears in 2 to 3 weeks and rarely recurs. If the virus affects the nerves th
Answer thisWhat to expHerpes zoster usually clears in 2 to 3 weeks and rarely recurs. If the virus affects the nerves th
Answer thisWhat are tChills Cough that brings up blood, mucus, or pus Fever Shortness of breath Unintentional weig
Answer thisWhat causeHistoplasma capsulatum is a fungus found in the soil of the central and eastern United States
Answer thisWho is at hThis "acute" infection does not last, but can leave a person with small scars (granulomas). The
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of chronic pu
Answer thisWhat to expThe infection usually goes away with antifungal medication, but scarring inside the lung often
Answer thisWhat are tItching Swelling of the surface of the skin into red- or skin-colored welts (called wheals) with c
Answer thisWhat causeWhen you have an allergic reaction to a substance, your body releases histamine and other ch
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 or your local emergency number if you have:Fainting Shortness of breath Tightness in
Answer thisWhat to expHives may be uncomfortable, but they generally are harmless and disappear on their own. In m
Answer thisWhat are tHPV may lead to a broad spectrum of diseases. If you are infected you may have no signs or sy
Answer thisWho is at hAny person who has ever had sexual contact with another person may be infected with HPV. T
Answer thisWhen to seMost people with HPV do not know they are infected and never develop symptoms or health
Answer thisWhat to exOften HPV goes away by itself within two years and does not cause health problems. It is thou
Answer thisWhat are tThe primary symptom of hyperhidrosis is wetness.
Answer thisWhat causeSweating helps the body stay cool. In most cases, it is perfectly natural. People sweat more in
Answer thisWho is at hPrimary hyperhidrosis affects 2 - 3% of the population, yet less than 40% of patients with this
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have:Prolonged, excessive, and unexplained sweating Sw
Answer thisWhat to expAluminum Chloride: Initially a patient may need to use it three to seven times a week. After sw
Answer thisWhat are tDry skin, severe Scaly skin (scales) Possible skin thickening Mild itching of the skinThe dry, sca
Answer thisWhat causesIchthyosis vulgaris is one of the most common of the inherited skin disorders. It may begin in
Answer thisWho is at hIchthyosis vulgaris is a genetic disorder, so anyone with a family history of the disorder is at ris
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:Symptoms continue despite treatme
Answer thisWhat to expIchthyosis vulgaris can be a nuisance, but it rarely affects your overall health. The condition us
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormally heavy menstruation Bleeding into the skin causes a characteristic skin rash that lo
Answer thisWhat causeITP occurs when certain immune system cells produce antibodies against platelets. Platelets h
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if severe bleedin
Answer thisWhat to exWith treatment, the chance of remission (a symptom-free period) is good. Rarely, ITP may bec
Answer thisWhat are tA single or possibly many blisters filled with pus; easy to pop and -- when broken -- leave a red
Answer thisWhat causeImpetigo is caused by streptococcus (strep) or staphylococcus (staph) bacteria. Methicillin-res
Answer thisWho is at hThe skin normally has many types of bacteria on it, but intact skin is an effective barrier that k
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of impetigo
Answer thisWhat to expThe sores of impetigo heal slowly and seldom scar. The cure rate is extremely high, but the co
Answer thisWhat are tInfants with IP are born with streaky, blistering areas. When the areas heal, they turn into rou
Answer thisWhat causeIncontinentia pigmenti (IP) is caused by a genetic defect. In most cases, there is a problem wit
Answer thisWho is at hThe condition is most often seen in females. When it occurs in males, it can be deadly.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have a family history of IP and are considering having chil
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a person does depends on the severity of central nervous system involvement and e
Answer thisWhat are tCrossed eyes (strabismus) Increased body hair (hirsutism) Scoliosis Seizures Streaked, whirled
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause is unknown.
Answer thisWho is at hIt is slightly more common in girls than in boys.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child exhibits an unusual pattern of the color of the skin.
Answer thisWhat to expWhat happens depends on the type and severity of symptoms that develop. In most cases, the
Answer thisWhat are tThe nonemergency symptoms vary according to the type of insect and the individual. Most pe
Answer thisWhen to seeCall 911 if the person is having a severe reaction:Trouble breathing, wheezing, shortness of br
Answer thisWhat causeThere are many causes of itching, including:Aging skin Atopic dermatitis Contact dermatitis (p
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor or nurse if you have itching and:Other, unexplained symptoms Is severe Does
Answer thisWhat are tItching in groin, thigh skin folds, or anus Red, raised, scaly patches that may blister and ooze --
Answer thisWhat causeJock itch occurs when a particular type of fungus grows and spreads in the groin area.Jock itch
Answer thisWho is at hJock itch occurs mostly in adult men and adolescent boys. It can sometimes accompany athlet
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if jock itch does not respond to home care after 2 weeks, or you have other sy
Answer thisWhat to expJock itch usually responds promptly to treatment. It is often less severe than other tinea infec
Answer thisWhat are tUsual symptoms include skin and internal organs.Lesions in skin: The lesions can develop anyw
Answer thisWhat causeBefore the AIDS epidemic, Kaposi's sarcoma was seen mainly in elderly Italian and Jewish men
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of Kaposi's sarcoma is related to several fact
Answer thisWhen to seKaposi's sarcoma in internal organs is a tumor that cannot be found early. If symptoms of Kap
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of Kaposi's sarcoma depends on the following:The type of Kaposi sarcoma Whe
Answer thisWhat are tA skin lesion that is:Flesh-colored, red, or pink Located over the site of a wound or injury Lum
Answer thisWhat causeKeloids occur from such skin injuries as:Acne Burns Chickenpox Ear piercing Minor scratches S
Answer thisWho is at hThey are more common in people ages 10 to 20, and in African Americans, Asians, and Hispan
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop keloids and want to have them removed or redu
Answer thisWhat to expKeloids usually are not medically dangerous, but they may affect the appearance. In some cas
Answer thisWhat are tFine, bumpy texture to skin over the outer upper arm and thigh or elsewhere Skin-colored bu
Answer thisWhat causesKeratosis pilaris is harmless (benign), does not get worse over time, and often disappears with
Answer thisWho is at hIt is more common in patients who have very dry skin, or who have atopic dermatitis (eczema
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider (or discuss the condition during a routi
Answer thisWhat to expKeratosis pilaris may fade slowly with age.
Answer thisWhat are tHistiocytosis X often affects the whole body. A disease that affects the whole body is called a s
Answer thisWhat causesHistiocytosis X has typically been thought of as a cancer-like condition. More recently research
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you or your child have symptoms of this disorder. Go to the e
Answer thisWhat to expHistiocytosis X affects many organs and can lead to death.About half of those with pulmonary
Answer thisWhat are tCutaneous leishmaniasis affects the skin and sometimes the mucus membranes. Symptoms m
Answer thisWhat causeLeishmaniasis is a parasitic disease spread by the bite of the sandfly.
Answer thisWho is at hThere are different forms of leishmaniasis.Cutaneous leishmaniasis affects the skin and mucus
Answer thisWhen to seIf you feel that you are developing symptoms of Leishmania as listed above call your health pr
Answer thisWhat to expCure rates are high with the proper medicine. Patients should get treated before damage to th
Answer thisWhat are tThe bacteria responsible for leprosy grow very slowly, sometimes taking 2 to 10 years before
Answer thisWhat causeLeprosy is caused by the organism Mycobacterium leprae. It is not very contagious (difficult to
Answer thisWho is at hChildren are more susceptible than adults to contracting the disease.People who live in count
Answer thisWhen to seAlthough cases of leprosy in the United States are rare, you should contact your health care p
Answer thisWhat to expEarly recognition is important. Early treatment limits damage by the disease, renders the pers
Answer thisWhat are tMouth lesions:Tender or painful (mild cases may have no discomfort) Located on the sides of
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of lichen planus is unknown. However, it is likely to be related to an allergic o
Answer thisWho is at hRisks include:Exposure to medications, dyes, and other chemical substances (including gold, a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Your symptoms continue The skin or mouth lesions change in
Answer thisWhat to expLichen planus is usually not harmful and may get better with treatment. It usually clears up wi
Answer thisWhat are tThis skin disorder leads to a scratch-itch cycle:It may begin with something that rubs, irritates
Answer thisWhat causeThis disorder may occur in people who have:Eczema (atopic dermatitis) Psoriasis Nervousness
Answer thisWho is at hIt is common in children, who cannot stop scratching insect bites and other itchy skin conditio
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Symptoms get worse You develop new symptoms, especially
Answer thisWhat to expYou can control lichen simplex chronicus by reducing stress and scratching less. The condition
Answer thisWhat are tSkin lesion that is:A flat patch or area of skin color change (macule) Light brown to black On th
Answer thisWhat causeLiver spots are changes in skin color that occur in older skin. The increased color may be due t
Answer thisWho is at hLiver spots are very common after age 40.
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have liver spots and want them
Answer thisWhat to expLiver spots are not medically dangerous. They are permanent skin changes that may affect the
Answer thisWhat are Most of the time lymphadenopathy is an incidental finding in physical examination. Sometime
Answer thisWhat causThe most common causes of lymphadenopathy include:Acute infections (e.g. bacterial, or vira
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider or go to the emergency room if you have symptoms of lymphad
Answer thisWhat to exPrompt treatment with antibiotics usually leads to a complete recovery. However, it may take
Answer thisWhat are tThe hallmark symptom of McCune-Albright syndrome is premature puberty in girls. Menstrua
Answer thisWhat causMcCune-Albright syndrome is caused by mutations in the GNAS1 gene. The abnormal gene is
Answer thisWho is at This disease is not inherited. It is caused by a new change (mutation) to the DNA that occurs in
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child starts puberty early, or has other symptoms of McC
Answer thisWhat to exLifespan is relatively normal.
Answer thisWhat are tCommon SymptomsFever Rash Cough Runny Nose Conjunctivitis (pink eye)Serious Symptoms
Answer thisWhat causeMeasles is an infectious respiratory disease caused by a virus. It spreads easily from person to
Answer thisWho is at hMeasles is spread by contact with an infected person, through coughing and sneezing (highly
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek immediate medical attention at the first sign of symptoms that resemble Mea
Answer thisWhat to expMeasles itself is unpleasant, but the complications are dangerous. Six to 20 percent of the peo
Answer thisWhat are Usually, the first sign of melanoma is a change in the size, shape, color, or feel of a mole. The A
Answer thisWho is at Clinical data has suggested that the development of melanoma is related to several factors.Su
Answer thisWhen to seCall your dermatologist if symptoms of melanoma develop.
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of melanoma depends on the following:The stage of melanoma: Whether the c
Answer thisWhat are Melasma doesn't cause any other symptoms besides skin discoloration but may be of great co
Answer thisWhat causMelasma is a very common skin disorder.
Answer thisWho is at hThough it can affect anyone, young women with brownish skin tones are at greatest risk.Mela
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have persistent darkening of your face.
Answer thisWhat to exMelasma often fades over several months after stopping birth control pills or HRT, or after de
Answer thisWhat are There may be few symptoms at first. Some may include:Anxiety Fever Headache Irritability M
Answer thisWhat causMeningococcemia is caused by a bacteria called Neisseria meningitidis. The bacteria frequent
Answer thisWho is at The bacteria can be spread from person to person through respiratory droplets -- for example
Answer thisWhen to seIf you feel you are developing symptoms of meningococcemia, contact your doctor.
Answer thisWhat to exEarly treatment results in a good outcome. When shock develops, the outcome is less certain.
Answer thisWhat are tRapid growing, painless and small mass that typically located on a sun exposed area of the bo
Answer thisWhat causeCommon causes of merkel cell carcinoma include:Merkel cell polyomavirus Age Skin tone Exp
Answer thisWho is at hFair skin people HIV positive patients Organ transplant patients Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Answer thisWhen to sewhen patients experience the following:Seizures Bilateral radiculopathies Myoclonus Cauda e
Answer thisWhat to expMerkel cell cancer is a highly aggressive tumor with a mortality rate that approaches 30% to 4
Answer thisWhat are tMicrosporidiosis usually affects people with depressed immunity especially people with HIV. M
Answer thisWhat causeMicrosporidiosis is caused by an organism called microsporidia. Microsporidia are unicellular o
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with suppressed immunity such as HIV patients and cancer patients are the most at ris
Answer thisWhat to expIn healthy individuals, the prognosis is good and the disease is self-limiting. In immunocompro
Answer thisWhy is theThese are topics for discussion, but errors introduced in the technique can introduce false neg
Answer thisWhat are tTypically, the lesion of molluscum begins as a small, painless papule that may become raised u
Answer thisWhat causMolluscum contagiosum is caused by a virus that is a member of the poxvirus family. You can
Answer thisWho is at This is a common infection in children and occurs when a child comes into direct contact with
Answer thisWhen to seSchedule an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms suggestive of
Answer thisWhat to exMolluscum contagiosum lesions may persist from a few months to a few years. These lesions
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of rhinocerebral mucormycosis include:Eye swelling and protrusion (proptosis) Dar
Answer thisWhat causMucormycosis is caused by common fungi frequently found in the soil and in decaying vegeta
Answer thisWho is at hConditions most commonly associated with mucormycosis include diabetes (usually poorly co
Answer thisWhen to sePeople with weakened immune systems and immune disorders (including diabetes) should se
Answer thisWhat to exMucormycosis has an extremely high death rate even when aggressive surgery is done. Death
Answer thisWhat are Common symptoms include:Face pain Fever Headache Sore throat Swelling of the parotid glan
Answer thisWhat causThe mumps are caused by a virus. The virus is spread from person-to-person by respiratory dr
Answer thisWho is at Anyone in direct contact with someone with mumps is at risk for the disease. Also, people wh
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child has mumps and:Eye redness Persistent drow
Answer thisWhat to exPatients usually do well, even if other organs are involved. After the illness, the patient has a l
Answer thisWhat causeInjury:Crushing the base of the nail or the nail bed may cause a permanent deformity. Chronic
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have:A new or widening dark streak in the nail Blue nails
Answer thisWhat are tNeurofibromatosis causes unchecked growth of tissue along the nerves. This can put pressure
Answer thisWhat causeNF1 is an inherited disease. If either parent has NF1, each of their children has a 50% chance o
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You notice coffee -with- milk colored spots on your child's skin
Answer thisWhat to exIf there are no complications, the life expectancy of people with neurofibromatosis is almost n
Answer thisWhat are tEarly signs of Paget's disease of the breast does nmake the patient's attention. As the tumor g
Answer thisWho is at hThe risk factor of Paget's disease of the breast is not clear at present.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Paget's disease of the breast develop. If you exp
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of Paget's disease of the breast depends on the following:Whether or not the tu
Answer thisWhat are tSome people may have no symptoms, others may have mild redness and irration.In severe ca
Answer thisWhat causThe cause is not known, but may be related to immune system disorders, certain other diseas
Answer thisWho is at hBullous pemphigoid usually occurs in elderly persons and is rare in young people. Symptoms c
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor for an appointment if you have:Unexplained blisters on your skin An itchy ras
Answer thisWhat to exBullous pemphigoid usually responds well to treatment. Most patients may stop taking medic
Answer thisWhat are tAbout 50% of people with this condition first develop painful blisters and sores in the mouth,
Answer thisWhat causPemphigus is an autoimmune disorder. The immune system produces antibodies against spec
Answer thisWho is at hPemphigus is uncommon. It almost always occurs in middle-aged or older people.
Answer thisWhen to seYour health care provider should examine any unexplained blisters.Call your health care provi
Answer thisWhat to exWithout treatment, this condition is usually life-threatening. Severe infection is the most freq
Answer thisWhat are tPerioral dermatitis is usually characterized by an uncomfortable burning sensation around the
Answer thisWhat causeWhile its exact cause is unknown, it may appear after skin creams containing steroids are app
Answer thisWho is at hPerioral dermatitis most commonly affects young women. However, it sometimes affects men
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you notice persistent red bumps around your mouth.
Answer thisWhat to expPerioral dermatitis is a difficult condition to treat effectively. It often requires several months
Answer thisWhat are tAttacks most often last 4 - 8 weeks. Symptoms may disappear by 3 weeks or last as long as 12
Answer thisWhat causesPityriasis rosea is believed to be caused by a virus. It occurs most often in the fall and spring.
Answer thisWho is at hAlthough pityriasis rosea may occur in more than one person in a household at a time, it is no
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of pityriasis rose
Answer thisWhat to expPityriasis rosea usually goes away within 6 - 12 weeks. It doesn't usually come back.
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormally dark or light skin surrounding the lesion Numerous small, smooth, flat (pinhead si
Answer thisWhat causeThe typical wart is a raised round or oval growth on the skin with a rough surface. Compared w
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your doctor if:There are signs of infection (red streaking, pus, dis
Answer thisWhat to expWarts are generally harmless growths that often go away on their own within 2 years. They ca
Answer thisWhat are tExtreme itching Red, streaky, patchy rash where the plant touched the skin Red bumps, which
Answer thisWhat causeThe rash is caused by skin contact with the oils (resin) of these plants. Smoke from burning the
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 or go to an emergency room if:Someone is suffering a severe allergic reaction, such a
Answer thisWhat are tThe most typical symptom is pain and stiffness in both shoulders and the neck. This pain usua
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause is unknown. PMR may occur alone, or with or before giant cell arteritis (also called
Answer thisWho is at hPolymyalgia rheumatica is a disorder that almost always occurs in people over 50 years old.
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have persistent weakness or stiff
Answer thisWhat to exPolymyalgia rheumatica usually goes away by itself after 2 - 6 years. After this time, treatment
Answer thisWhat are tA pressure ulcer starts as reddened skin that gets worse over time. It forms a blister, then an o
Answer thisWhat causePressure against the skin reduces blood supply to that area, and the affected tissue dies. This
Answer thisWho is at hThe following factors increase the risk for pressure ulcers:Being bedridden or in a wheelchair
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if an area of the skin blisters or forms an open sore. Contac
Answer thisWhat are tPruritis is intense itching sensation that makes the urge to rub or scratch the skin to relieve th
Answer thisWho is at hAllergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, or allergic rhinitis. Skin disease
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of pruritis develop.
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of pruritis depends on the underlying cause.
Answer thisWhat are tPsoriasis can appear suddenly or slowly. In many cases, psoriasis goes away and then flares up
Answer thisWhat causePsoriasis cannot be spread to others. Psoriasis seems to be passed down through families. Do
Answer thisWho is at hPsoriasis is a very common condition. The disorder may affect people of any age, but it most c
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of psoriasis or if the skin irritation continu
Answer thisWhat to expPsoriasis is a life-long condition that can be controlled with treatment. It may go away for a lo
Answer thisWhat causeNonthrombocytopenic purpuras may be due to:Congenital cytomegalovirus Congenital rubella
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor for an appointment if you have signs of purpura.
Answer thisWhat are tOften, the cause of a rash can be determined from its visible characteristics and other sympto
Answer thisWhat causeA simple rash is called dermatitis, meaning inflammation of the skin. Contact dermatitis is cau
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if:You are short of breath, your throat is tight, or your face is swollen Your child has a
Answer thisWhat to expYour doctor will perform a physical examination. He or she will ask questions about your med
Answer thisWhat are Strong emotions or exposure to the cold causes the fingers, toes, ears, or nose to become wh
Answer thisWhat causRaynaud's phenomenon can be associated with other conditions. This is called secondary Rayn
Answer thisWho is at Raynaud's phenomenon also occurs without another disease, medication, or cause. This is cal
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have a history of Raynaud's phenomenon and the affecte
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome varies depending on the cause and the severity of the condition.
Answer thisWhat are Symptoms of ringworm include:Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may blister and ooze. The
Answer thisWhat causRingworm is common, especially among children. However, it may affect people of all ages. It
Answer thisWho is at hRingworm can spread easily from one person to another. You can catch ringworm if you touch
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor right away if you have any signs of a bacterial infection, which can result from
Answer thisWhat to exSkin medicine usually treats ringworm within 4 weeks. If your ringworm infection is severe or
Answer thisWhat are tRedness of the face in discrete areas or covering the entire face A tendency to flush or blush e
Answer thisWhat causeRosacea involves swelling of the blood vessels just under the skin. It may be associated with o
Answer thisWho is at hAlthough the cause of rosacea is unknown, you are more likely to develop this harmless skin c
Answer thisWhat to expRosacea is not medically dangerous. It is not curable, but can usually be controlled with treatm
Answer thisWhat are tThe child may have a runny nose, sore throat, and eye redness.A fever usually occurs before t
Answer thisWhat causeIt is caused by a virus called human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), although similar syndromes are po
Answer thisWho is at hThe disease is common in children ages 3 months to 4 years, and most common in those ages
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child:Has a fever that does not go down with acetaminop
Answer thisWhat to expMost children with roseola fully recover.
Answer thisWhat causeRoseola is common in children ages 3 months to 4 years, and most common in those ages 6 m
Answer thisWhat are tThe time between becoming infected and the beginning of symptoms (incubation period) is 5
Answer thisWhat are tChildren generally have few symptoms. Adults may experience a fever, headache, general disc
Answer thisWhat causeThe disease is caused by a virus that is spread through the air or by close contact.A person can
Answer thisWho is at hNot being vaccinated against rubella Exposure to an active rubella virus
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You are a woman of childbearing age
Answer thisWhat to expRubella is usually a mild infection. However, if a mother is infected during early pregnancy, ru
Answer thisWhat are tItching, especially at night Rashes, especially between the fingers Sores (abrasions) on the skin
Answer thisWhat causeScabies is found worldwide among people of all groups and ages. It is spread by direct contact
Answer thisWho is at hScabies is spread by skin-to-skin contact with another person who has scabies.Pets and anima
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of scabies A person you have been in clos
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases of scabies can be cured without any long-term problems. A severe case with a lot
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common symptoms of scarlet fever are:Scarlet fever begins with a rash that shows u
Answer thisWhat causeThis illness can be caught from contact with the sick person because this germ is carried in the
Answer thisWho is at hScarlet fever usually develops in children, just like colds or the flu are common in children.
Answer thisWhen to seIf you think your child has scarlet fever, take your child to his or her doctor right away. The do
Answer thisWhat to expAlthough complications may arise if not treated, scarlet fever goes away after a course of anti
Answer thisWhat are tSome types of scleroderma affect only the skin, while others affect the whole body.Localized s
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of scleroderma is unknown. People with this condition have a buildup of a substanc
Answer thisWho is at hThe disease usually affects people 30 to 50 years old. Women get scleroderma more often tha
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have symptoms of scleroderma
Answer thisWhat to exSome people with scleroderma have symptoms that develop quickly over the first few years a
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is usually a small, non-painful lump beneath the skin.If the lump becomes
Answer thisWhat causeSebaceous cysts most often arise from swollen hair follicles. Skin trauma can also induce a cys
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you notice any new growths on your body. Although cysts are
Answer thisWhat to expLarge, painful cysts may interfere with day-to-day life.
Answer thisWhat are tSeborrheic dermatitis can occur on many different body areas. Usuallky it forms where the ski
Answer thisWhat causeSeborrheic dermatitis is thought to be due to a combination of an over production of skin oil a
Answer thisWho is at hSeborrheic dermatitis appears to run in families. Stress, fatigue, weather extremes, oily skin, i
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if seborrheic dermatitis symptoms do n
Answer thisWhat to expSeborrheic dermatitis is a chronic (life-long) condition that can be controlled with treatment. I
Answer thisWhat are tThe first symptom is usually one-sided pain, tingling, or burning. The pain and burning may be
Answer thisWhat causeAfter you get chickenpox, the virus remains inactive (becomes dormant) in certain nerves in th
Answer thisWho is at hShingles may develop in any age group, but you are more likely to develop the condition if:You
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of shingles, particularly if you have a wea
Answer thisWhat to expHerpes zoster usually clears in 2 to 3 weeks and rarely recurs. If the virus affects the nerves th
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include a small, painless, red lump that develops at the site of infection. As time pa
Answer thisWhat causeSporothrix schenckii is found in plants. Infection commonly occurs when the skin is broken wh
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who handle thorny plants, sphagnum moss, or bales of hay are at increased risk of getti
Answer thisWhat to expWith treatment, full recovery is likely. Disseminated sporotrichosis is more difficult to treat an
Answer thisWhat are tGeneral appearance is a rough, flat reddish patch, but special attention needs to be given to th
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data suggests that the development of squamous cell carcinoma is related to several f
Answer thisWhen to seSee your dermatologist if you get any new or rapidly growing lesions on the skin.
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma depends on the following:The stage of squamous c
Answer thisWhat are tYou may have symptoms of venous insufficiency, which include a dull aching or heaviness in th
Answer thisWhat causesVenous insufficiency is a long-term (chronic) condition in which the veins have problems send
Answer thisWho is at hSome people with venous insufficiency develop stasis dermatitis. Blood pools in the veins of th
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop leg swelling or symptom
Answer thisWhat to expCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop leg swelling or symptom
Answer thisWhat are tStevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) usually begins with a fever, sore throat, and fatigue, which is
Answer thisWhat causeStevens-Johnson Syndrome is caused by drug reactions in the majority of the cases although i
Answer thisWho is at Common risk factors in the development of SJS include Low immunity, HIV infection, active ca
Answer thisWhen to seUrgent Medical Care should be sought in case of skin eruptions or rash along with flu-like sym
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome is generally good. Most lesions heal rapidly within 1-3
Answer thisWhat are tStretch marks can appear when there is rapid stretching of the skin. They are often associated
Answer thisWhat causeCushing syndrome Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Pregnancy Puberty Obesity Overuse of cortisone s
Answer thisWhen to seIf striae or stretch marks appear without obvious cause such as pregnancy or rapid weight gai
Answer thisWhat to expYou health care provider will examine you and ask questions about your symptoms, including:
Answer thisWhat are tMost of the time, there are no symptoms. If there are symptoms, they may include:Abdomina
Answer thisWhat causeS. stercoralis is a roundworm that is fairly common in warm, moist areas. Rarely, it can be fou
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of strongyloidia
Answer thisWhat to expWith good treatment, people should make a full recovery and the parasites should be remove
Answer thisWhat are tPort-wine stain (more common on the face than the body) Seizures Paralysis or weakness on o
Answer thisWhat causThe cause of Sturge-Weber is unknown. It is not thought to be passed down (inherited) throug
Answer thisWhen to seThe health care provider should check all birthmarks, including a port-wine stain. Seizures, vis
Answer thisWhat to exMost cases of Sturge-Weber are not life-threatening. The patient's quality of life depends on h
Answer thisWhat are tThe first signs of a sunburn may not appear for a few hours. The full effect to your skin may no
Answer thisWhat causSunburn results when the amount of exposure to the sun or other ultraviolet light source exce
Answer thisWho is at hFactors that make sunburn more likely:Infants and children are especially sensitive to the burn
Answer thisWhen to seCall a health care provider immediately if you have a fever with sunburn or if there are signs o
Answer thisWhat to exThe doctor will perform a physical exam and look at your skin. You may be asked questions ab
Answer thisWhat are tThe primary symptom of hyperhidrosis is wetness.
Answer thisWhat causeSweating helps the body stay cool. In most cases, it is perfectly natural. People sweat more in
Answer thisWho is at hPrimary hyperhidrosis affects 2 - 3% of the population, yet less than 40% of patients with this
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have:Prolonged, excessive, and unexplained sweating Sw
Answer thisWhat to expAluminum Chloride: Initially a patient may need to use it three to seven times a week. After sw
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus vary from person to person, depending the organ
Answer thisWhat causeSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, which means the body's immu
Answer thisWho is at hThe underlying cause of this autoimmune disease is not clear. Clinical data show the onset of
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Answer thisWhat to exOutcomes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have improved in recent years. Prog
Answer thisWhat are tBleeding into the skin or mucus membranes Changes in consciousness Confusion Easy fatigue
Answer thisWhat causeThis disease may be caused by a lack of, or problems with, a certain enzyme (a type of protein
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any unexplained bleeding.
Answer thisWhat to exPlasma exchange has greatly improved the outcome of this disease. Most patients now recove
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of ringworm include:Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may blister and ooze.
Answer thisWhat causeRingworm is a common skin disorder, especially among children, but it may affect people of a
Answer thisWho is at hRingworm occurs when a particular type of fungus grows and multiplies anywhere on your ski
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor right away if you have any signs of a bacterial infection, which can result from
Answer thisWhat to expSkin medication is usually successful at treating Ringworm within 4 weeks. If your ringworm in
Answer thisWhat are tTinea capitis may involve only parts of the scalp, or all of it. Areas that are infected appear bal
Answer thisWhat causeFungi are a type of germ that can live on the dead tissue of the hair, nails, and outer skin layer
Answer thisWho is at hTinea capitis or ringworm can spread easily to others. It most often affects children and goes a
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of tinea capitis.
Answer thisWhat to expTinea capitis may be hard to get rid of, and it may return after treatment. In many cases it get
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include itching.The rash begins as a small area of red, raised spots and pimple
Answer thisWhat causeTinea corporis is a common skin disorder among children. However, it may occur in people of
Answer thisWho is at hTinea corporis can spread easily to other people. You can catch the condition if you come into
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if ringworm does not improve with sel
Answer thisWhat to expRingworm usually responds to topical medications within 4 weeks. Severe or resistant cases u
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is patches of discolored skin with sharp borders (edges) and fine scales. Th
Answer thisWhat causeTinea versicolor is relatively common. It is caused by the fungus Pityrosporum ovale, a type of
Answer thisWho is at hThe condition is most common in adolescent and young adult males. It typically occurs in hot
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of tinea vers
Answer thisWhat to expThough tinea versicolor is easily treated, pigment changes may last for months after treatmen
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually begin before age 17.The hair may come out in round patches or across the
Answer thisWhat causeTrichotillomania is a type of impulsive control disorder. Its causes are not clearly understood.I
Answer thisWhat to expTrichotillomania that begins in younger children (fewer than 6 years old) may go away withou
Answer thisWhat are tFlat areas of normal-feeling skin without any pigment appear suddenly or gradually. These are
Answer thisWhat causesVitiligo appears to occur when immune cells destroy the cells that produce brown pigment (m
Answer thisWho is at hiVitiligo may appear at any age. There is an increased rate of the condition in some families. Th
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if areas of your skin lose their coloring
Answer thisWhat to expThe course of vitiligo varies and is unpredictable. Some areas may regain normal pigment (col
Answer thisWhat are tWarts are classified based on where they appear on the body. The different types of warts inc
Answer thisWhat causeThe typical wart is a raised round or oval growth on the skin with a rough surface. Compared w
Answer thisWho is at hWarts can happen to anyone. However, some populations are more likely to get warts after ex
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your doctor if:There are signs of infection (red streaking, pus, dis
Answer thisWhat to expWarts are generally harmless growths that often go away on their own within 2 years. They ca
Answer thisWhat are tPlague symptoms depend on how the patient was exposed to the plague bacteria. The plague
Answer thisWhat Causes Plague is caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis. Rodents, such as rats, carry the disease. It is sp
Answer thisWho is at hHuman plague occurs in areas where the bacteria are present in wild rodent populations. The
Answer thisWhen to see People who should seek urgent medical care include:Anyone who develops plague symptoms
Answer thisWhere to FiDirections to Hospitals Treating Yersinia pestis infection
Answer thisWhat to exp Without treatment, about 50% of people with bubonic plague die. Almost all people with pne
Answer thisWhat are tYou can become infected with Zika virus more than once and show symptoms many times. Sy
Answer thisWhat causes The virus that causes Zika virus infection is Zika virus (ZIKV). Zika virus is usually found in deve
Answer thisDoes Zika vAn association has been established between Guillan-Barre syndrome (GBS) and Zika virus infe
Answer thisIf infected Once infected with Zika and the infection is cleared, there is currently no evidence showing th
Answer thisWhat are tIn 21-hydroxylase, newborns develop severe symptoms shortly after birth due to loss of salt.D
Answer thisWhat causeMutations in the CYP21A2 gene cause 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
Answer thisWho is at rFamily history of 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the risk factor for this disease.
Answer thisWhen to seContact your doctor if your child has signs and symptoms that seem to suggest 21-hydroxylase
Answer thisWhat to exp Prognosis of 21-hydroxylase deficiency are usually good. But when adrenal crisis happens and
Answer thisHow do I kInfancy: Some patients with 5-alpha reductase deficiency may show female external genitalia.
Answer thisWho is at rResearchs demonatrate that mutations in the SRD5A2 gene cause 5-alpha reductase deficienc
Answer thisHow to knoTestosterone -to- dihydrotestosterone (T/DHT) level: In patients with 5-alpha-reductase defici
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider as soon as possible if your kid has symptoms of 5-alpha-reducta
Answer thisWhat to exp Most affected males are unable to father a child. Osteoporosis and psychosexual dysfunction
Answer thisWhat are tThe following are symptoms of transfusion reactions:Back pain Blood in urine Feeling of "impe
Answer thisWhat causeA, B, and O are the three major blood types. The types are based on small substances (molecu
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have recently had a blood transfusion or transplant and y
Answer thisWhat to exp This can be a very serious problem which can even result in death. With the right treatment, a
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of an abscess depend largely on where the abscess forms. Some common symptom
Answer thisWhat causeAbscesses occur when an area of tissue becomes infected and the body's immune system trie
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with recent history of infection are at increased risk for abscess.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you think that you may have any type of abscess.
Answer thisWhat to exp The prognosis depends on site of infection, type of organisms causing it and the patient profil
Answer thisWhat are tBackflow (regurgitation) of food Chest pain, which may increase after eating or may radiate to
Answer thisWhat are tThe main problem in achalasia is a failure of the a muscular ring where the esophagus and sto
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have difficulty swallowing or painful swallowing, or if you
Answer thisWhat to exp The outcomes of surgery and nonsurgical treatments are similar. Sometimes more than one tr
Answer thisWhat are tPatients with achlorhyria may have signs and symptoms as the following:Impaired digestion o
Answer thisWhat causeThis condition may occur spontaneously as a result of a clinical disorder or from drug administ
Answer thisWho is at hPrior gastric bypass surgery Chronic gastric H pylori infection Chronic proton pump inhibitor (P
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of achlorhydria develop.
Answer thisWhat to exp The outcome of achlorhydria depends on:The underlying cause of achlorhydria: If achlorhydri
Answer thisWhat are tEarly acinic cell carcinoma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people m
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of acinic cell carcinoma is related to several
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of acinic cell carcinoma develop.
Answer thisWhat to exp The prognosis of acinic cell carcinoma depends on the following:Whether or not the tumor ca
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms of acoustic neuroma are often appear gradually and take some years to b
Answer thisWhat causeAcoustic neuroma seems to be a genetic disease that means it’s existance came from malfunc
Answer thisWho is at hAs mentioned, Neurofibromatosis type II is a well-known reason of this disease, although it is
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek medical care once each of the following symptoms are seen;Hearing loss on o
Answer thisWhat to exAcoustic neuromas are not malignant and do not metastasis (spread) to other Organs. Howev
Answer thisWhat are tThe name acromegaly comes from the Greek words for “extremities” and “enlargement,” refl
Answer thisWhat are tAcromegaly is caused by prolonged overproduction of GH by the pituitary gland. The pituitary
Answer thisWhen to seYou should talk to your doctor if you experience anything of the symptoms associated with Ac
Answer thisWhat to exPituitary surgery is successful in most patients, depending on the size of the tumor and the ex
Answer thisWhat are tNumbness of the shoulder, arm, or hand Shoulder pain Tingling, burning, pain, or abnormal se
Answer thisWhat causeAcute brachial neuritis is a form of peripheral neuropathy. It occurs when there is damage to t
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you experience pain, numbness, tingling or weakness in the sh
Answer thisWhat to expThe likely outcome depends on the cause. A good recovery is possible if the cause is identified
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of either type of bronchitis may include: chest discomfort; cough that produce
Answer thisWhat causeAcute bronchitis can be caused by contagious pathogens. Acute bronchitis generally follows a
Answer thisWho is at hPeople at risk for acute bronchitis include: the elderly, infants, and young children; persons w
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:You have a cough most days or you have a cough that returns frequently Yo
Answer thisWhat to expFor acute bronchitis, symptoms usually go away within 7 to 10 days if you do not have an und
Answer thisWhat are tLike all blood cells, leukemia cells travel through the body. The symptoms of leukemia depend
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have leukemia, and have received chemotherapy, you may develop a fever that may refl
Answer thisWhere to gDirections to Hospitals Treating Leukemia
Answer thisWhat to ExLeukemia is a very serious disease which can have many complications. Complications can com
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain that is greatest in the upper abdomen (upper left quadrant or upper middle o
Answer thisWhat are thThe main causes of acute pancreatitis in adults are:Alcohol use Gallbladder (biliary) disease Ga
Answer thisWho is at hThe disease affects men more often than women. Alcohol abuse is an important risk factor.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your provider if:You have intense, constant abdominal pain You develop other symptoms
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases go away in a week. However, some cases develop into a life-threatening illness.Th
Answer thisWhat are tIt's important to recognize the symptoms of Acute retinal necrosis and seek medical help if yo
Answer thisWhat causeAcute retinal necrosis is caused by viral infections by the following:Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
Answer thisWho is at hAcute retinal necrosis most often affects those with weakened immune systems, including tho
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek urgent medical care if you are experiencing the following:Severe eye pain Vis
Answer thisWhat to expWithout treatment, Acute retinal necrosis can lead to dangerous complications that can be life
Answer thisWhat are Cold symptoms usually occur within 2-3 days after you came in contact with the virus, althoug
Answer thisWhat causIt is called “ common cold ” for good reason. There are over one billion colds in the United Sta
Answer thisWhen to seTry to treat your cold at home first. Call your doctor if:Breathing becomes difficult. Your symp
Answer thisWhat to expThe discharge of your runny nose will become thicker, may turn to yellow or green within a fe
Answer thisWho is at hCommon cold can effect people of all age, gender, and ethnic group.
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of adrenal insufficiency usually begin gradually. Characteristics of the disease a
Answer thisWhat causeFailure to produce adequate levels of cortisol can occur for different reasons. The problem ma
Answer thisWhen to seIt is important to seek medical care if you show signs of any of the symptoms associated with
Answer thisWhat to exIf you don't treat Addison's disease, it can be fatal. You will need to take hormone pills for the
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of adenocarcinoma of the lung include shortness of breath, blood in the s
Answer thisWhat causeAdenocarcinoma of the lung may caused by genetic mutations.
Answer thisWho is at hSmokers, patients with family history of lung cancer, high levels of air pollution, history of rad
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of adenocarcinoma of the lung varies with the staging of tumor; Stage IA have t
Answer thisWhat are For example, a small breast adenoma may cause no symptoms and may be unable to detect it
Answer thisWhat causThe causes of adenoma are not clear. But heredity and environment may be related to the de
Answer thisWho is at Women who use oral contraceptives may be at increased risk of developing liver adenomas.
Answer thisWhat to exBenign tumors usually don't grow back.
Answer thisWhat are tFor a diagnosis of adjustment disorder, a person's symptoms must be severe enough to affect
Answer thisWhat causeAdults often develop adjustment disorder due to marital or financial problems.In adolescents,
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of adjustmen
Answer thisWhat to expAdjustment disorders usually get better quickly without any remaining symptoms.
Answer thisWhat are tEvery disease has different symptoms.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms that suggest increased cortisol or other adrenal gland hormone production:Fatty, r
Answer thisWhat causeAdrenocortical carcinoma is most common in children younger than 5 and adults in their 30s a
Answer thisWhen to coCall your health care provider if you or your child has symptoms of adrenocortical carcinoma,
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on how early the diagnosis is made and whether the tumor has spread
Answer thisWhat are tChildhood cerebral type:Changes in muscle tone, especially muscle spasms and spasticity Cros
Answer thisWhat causeAdrenoleukodystrophy is passed down from parents to their children as an X-linked genetic tr
Answer thisWho is at hAdrenoleukodystrophy is a genetic disorder, so anyone with a family history of the disorder is
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Your child develops symptoms of X-linked adrenoleukodystro
Answer thisWhat to exThe childhood form of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a progressive disease that leads to a
Answer thisWhat are tAgoraphobia is considered to be present when places or situations are being avoided.People w
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact causes of panic disorder and agoraphobia are unknown.Agoraphobia sometimes oc
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of agoraphobia.
Answer thisWhat to exMost patients can get better with medications or behavioral therapy. However, without early
Answer thisWhat are tPersons with this condition are more likely to have fevers and infections.
Answer thisWhat causeAgranulocytosis may be caused by:Autoimmune disorders Bone marrow diseases such as mye
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of infections that do not normally develop in in
Answer thisWhat causeAnyone can get HIV. The most important thing to know is how you can get the virus. You can g
Answer thisWho is at hPersons who are practicing unsafe sexual behavior(unprotected), drug addicts. Sexual partner
Answer thisWhen to seSince HIV weakens the immune system, people with AIDS should consult a doctor and get test
Answer thisWhat to expRight now, there is no cure for AIDS. It is always fatal if no treatment is provided. In the US, m
Answer thisWhat are tConfusion Forgetfulness Behavioral changes Headaches Progressive weakness Loss of sensatio
Answer thisWhat causeIn the United States, neurological complications are seen in more than 50 percent of adults w
Answer thisWhat to exWhen left untreated, AIDS dementia complex can be fatal.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Alcoholic hepatitis can vary from mild to severe. The symptoms include: Nausea
Answer thisWhat causeAlcoholic Hepatitis is suspected to occur in patients with excessive drinking over the decades.
Answer thisWho is at hAlcoholic Hepatitis can also occur after short period of drinking 100 g alcohol daily. Heavy drin
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of alcoholic hepatitis You develop sym
Answer thisWhat to expAlcohol abstinence improves your prognosis. However, The outcome will likely be poor if you
Answer thisWhat are tChanges start in the liver as inflammation (hepatitis) and lead to fatty liver and cirrhosis. Cirrh
Answer thisWhat are thAlcoholic liver disease usually occurs after years of excessive drinking. The longer the alcohol u
Answer thisWho is at hRisk Factors include:Heavy drinking/Binge drinking Gender: Women are more susceptible than
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of alcoholic liver disease You develop
Answer thisWhat to expContinued excessive drinking can shorten your lifespan. The outcome will likely be poor if you
Answer thisWhat are tUrine in an infant's diaper may darken and can turn almost black after several hours. However
Answer thisWhat causeA defect in the HGD gene causes alkaptonuria.The gene defect makes the body unable to prop
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you notice that your own urine or your child's urine becomes
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome for people affected with alkaptonuria is generally expected to be good. Some po
Answer thisWhat are thSymptoms may be seasonal and can include:Intense itching or burning eyes Puffy eyelids, esp
Answer thisWhat causesWhen your eyes are exposed to anything to which you are allergic, histamine is released and t
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you experience allergic conjunctivitis
Answer thisWhat to expTreatment often relieves symptoms, but they can return if you continue to be exposed to the
Answer thisWhat are tShortness of breath with and without exertion, and other symptoms of chronic obstructive pu
Answer thisWhat causeAlpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a type of protein called a "protease inhibitor." It is made in the live
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of AAT deficiency.
Answer thisWhat to expSome people with this deficiency will not develop liver or lung disease. However, emphysema
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms generally associated with mild to moderate altitude sickness include:Difficulty slee
Answer thisWhat causeAltitude sickness is brought on by the combination of reduced air pressure and lower oxygen c
Answer thisWho is at hThe chance of getting altitude sickness increases the faster a person climbs to a high altitude.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have or had symptoms of altitude sickness, even if you fe
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases are mild, and symptoms improve promptly with a return to lower altitude. Severe
Answer thisWhat are tAmblyopia can often go undetected to the untrained observer. In fact, many people with amb
Answer thisWhat are tThe brain and the eye work together to produce vision. Light enters the eye and is changed in
Answer thisWho is at hThose with a family history of amblyopia have an increased risk of the disorder. Additionally, y
Answer thisWhen to seAlthough not considered a medical emergency, amblyopia should be treated as early as possib
Answer thisWhat to exVision screening by age 4 can successfully detect reduced vision in one or both eyes resulting
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of amoebic liver abscess include:Abdominal pain, particularly in the right upper pa
Answer thisWho is at hThe following increases your chances of developing amoebic liver abscess:Alcoholism Cancer I
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of amoebic liver abscess, especially if
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually do not develop until after age 50, but they can start in younger people.Pers
Answer thisWhat causeIn about 10% of cases, ALS is caused by a genetic defect. In the remaining cases, the cause is u
Answer thisWho is at hThere are no known risk factors, except for having a family member who has a hereditary form
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of ALS, particularly if you have a family hi
Answer thisWhat to expOver time, people with ALS progressively lose the ability to function and care for themselves.
Answer thisWhat are tEarly anal cancer does not make any symptoms. When the cancer grows larger, people with a
Answer thisWho is at hHuman papillomavirus (HPV): Around the anus skin, some strains of HPV can cause venereal w
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of anal cancer develop. If one emerges the followin
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of anal cancer varies widely. It depends on the following:The size of the tumor L
Answer thisWhat are tAnal fissures may cause painful bowel movements and bleeding. There may be blood on the o
Answer thisWhat are thAnal fissures are extremely common in young infants but may occur at any age. Studies sugge
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who are most at risk for developing an anal fissure include:Infants Elderly adults Wom
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms associated with anal fissure are present, or if the fi
Answer thisWhat to expAnal fissures generally heal quickly without further problems. However, people who develop fi
Answer thisWhat are tThe typical characteristic of androgen insensitivity syndrome is feminization. It can be divided
Answer thisWhat Cause Mutations in the androgen receptor (AR) gene have been shown to cause androgen insensitiv
Answer thisWho is at hMutations in the androgen receptor (AR) gene is the cause of androgen insensitivity syndrome
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child appears to have signs or symptoms of the sy
Answer thisWhat to expFor patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, prognosis is good after orchidect
Answer thisWhat are tPossible symptoms include:Chest pain Dizziness or light-headedness (especially when standin
Answer thisWhat causWhile many parts of the body help make red blood cells, most of the work is done in the bone
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health provider if you have any symptoms of anemia, or any unusual bleeding.
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook depends on the cause.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of anemia of prematurity include one or more of the following:Pale skin Lethargy D
Answer thisWhat causePreterm birth Blood loss during phlebotomy for laboratory investigations
Answer thisWho is at hPremature infants Extremely low birth weight infants
Answer thisWhat to exWith prompt diagnosis and early treatment, symptoms resolve without any complications in i
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of anencephaly may include:Missing bones, especially in the front/sides of the skul
Answer thisWho is at hThe cause of anencephaly is unknown. Although it is thought that a mother's diet and vitamin
Answer thisWhen to seGenetic counseling is recommended for expectant parents with a history of other genetic diso
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis for babies born with anencephaly is extremely poor. If the infant is not stillborn
Answer thisWhat are tEarly signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis may limit in your back and hip. When the d
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of ankylosing spondylitis is unknown, but genes seem to play a role.The disease mo
Answer thisWho is at hThe cause of ankylosing spondylitis is not clear. Researches demonstrate the following factors
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis develop.
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of ankylosing spondylitis varies from person to person. Most patients can maintain
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of annular pancreas include:Feeding intolerance in newborns Fullness after eating
Answer thisWhat causeAnnular pancreas is caused by malformation during the development of the pancreas, before
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you or your child have any symptom
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually good with surgery.
Answer thisWhat are tA person with antisocial personality disorder may:Be able to act witty and charming Be good a
Answer thisWhat causesThe causes of antisocial personality disorder are unknown. Genetic factors and child abuse are
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with a mental health professional if:You have symptoms of antisocial
Answer thisWhat to expSymptoms tend to peak during the late teenage years and early 20s. They sometimes improve
Answer thisWhat are t1. Wernicke’s aphasia: Damage to the temporal lobe (the side portion) of the brain may result
Answer thisWhat are tAny of the following can be considered symptoms of aphasia:inability to comprehend languag
Answer thisWhat causeAphasia is caused by damage to one or more of the language areas of the brain. Many times, t
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone can acquire aphasia, including children, but most people who have aphasia are middle
Answer thisWhat are tThe first symptom is usually a tingling or burning sensation that you feel before other symptom
Answer thisWhat are tAphthous ulcers may be linked to problems with the body's immune (defense) system. The so
Answer thisWho is at hAphthous ulcers are a common form of mouth ulcer. They occur in women more often than m
Answer thisWhen to seApply home treatment and call your health care provider if symptoms of canker sores persist
Answer thisWhat to expAphthous ulcers usually heal on their own. The pain usually decreases in a few days. Other sym
Answer thisWhat are tMost people with appendicitis have classic symptoms that a doctor can easily identify. The ma
Answer thisWhat causeObstruction of the appendiceal lumen causes appendicitis. Mucus backs up in the appendicea
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone can get appendicitis, but it is more common among people 10 to 30 years old. Append
Answer thisWhen to seAppendicitis is a medical emergency that requires immediate care. People who think they hav
Answer thisWhat to expMost appendicitis patients recover easily with treatment, but complications can occur if treatm
Answer thisWhat are tThe pattern and location of symptoms can vary depending on the type of arthritis. Generally,
Answer thisWhat causeArthritis involves the breakdown of cartilage. Cartilage normally protects a joint, allowing it to
Answer thisWho is at hiCertain factors are associated with a greater risk of arthritis. Some of these risk factors are mo
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have pain, stiffness, or swelling in or around one or more of your joints, talk to your doc
Answer thisWhat to expA few arthritis-related disorders can be completely cured with proper treatment.Most forms o
Answer thisWhat are tMost of the time, there are no symptoms. If there are symptoms, they may include:Bloody sp
Answer thisWho is at hAscariasis is caused by consuming food or drink contaminated with roundworm eggs. Ascarias
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of ascariasis, particularly if you have trave
Answer thisWhat to expMost people recover from symptoms of the infection, even without treatment, although they
Answer thisWhat are tThe adhesions may cause amenorrhea (lack of menstrual periods), repeated miscarriages, and
Answer thisWhat causAsherman syndrome is a rare condition.In most cases, it occurs in women who have had sever
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your menstrual periods do not resume after a gynecologic or o
Answer thisWhat to exAsherman syndrome can be cured in most women with surgery, although sometimes more th
Answer thisWhat are tAstigmatism may cause symptoms such as :Blurry vision Squinting Asthenopia Fatigue Heada
Answer thisWhat are tThe cause of astigmatism is unknown. It is usually present from birth, and often occurs togeth
Answer thisWho is at hAstigmatism can affect both children and adults. According to an American study published in
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with the health care provider or ophthalmologist if vision problems w
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook of those with an astigmatism is generally very good, provided that treatment is av
Answer thisWhat are tSome common symptoms of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma include:Headache Vomitin
Answer thisWhat Cause The exact cause of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is unknown but it is predominantly a
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with tuberous sclerosis have the highest risk of developing subependymal giant cell as
Answer thisWhen to seIf acute symptoms such as headache, vomiting, confusion, and blurred vision should develop,
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis is generally poor. A few positive prognostic factors include:Surgical treatment A
Answer thisWhat are tBurning on urination Light bleeding after intercourse Painful sexual intercourse causing a loss
Answer thisWhat causeAtrophic vaginitis is caused by a decrease in estrogen. Estrogen levels normally drop after men
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you are experiencing vaginal dryness
Answer thisWhat to expProper treatment will usually relieve the symptoms.
Answer thisWhat are thThe symptoms of ADHD fall into three groups:Lack of attention (inattentiveness) Hyperactivity
Answer thisWhat causesADHD is the most commonly diagnosed behavioral disorder of childhood. It affects about 3 - 5
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your doctor if you or your child's school personnel suspect ADHD. You should also tell you
Answer thisWhat to expADHD is a long-term, chronic condition. If it is not treated appropriately, ADHD may lead to:Dr
Answer thisWhat are tMost parents of autistic children suspect that something is wrong by the time the child is 18 m
Answer thisWhat causeAutism is a physical condition linked to abnormal biology and chemistry in the brain. The exac
Answer thisHow manyThe c exact number of children with autism is not known.A report released by the U.S. Centers
Answer thisWhen to seParents usually suspect that there is a developmental problem long before a diagnosis is made
Answer thisWhat to expAutism remains a challenging condition for children and their families, but the outlook today i
Answer thisWhat are tYou may not have symptoms if the anemia is mild. If the problem develops slowly, symptoms
Answer thisWhat causPossible causes include:Certain chemicals, drugs, and toxins Infections Transfusion of blood fr
Answer thisWhen to seCall your healthcare provider if you have unexplained fatigue or chest pain, or signs of infectio
Answer thisWhat to exThe disease may start quickly and be very serious, or it may stay mild and not need special tre
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common symptoms of autoimmune hepatitis are:Fatigue Joint pain Nausea Loss of a
Answer thisWhat are tA combination of autoimmunity, environmental triggers, and a genetic predisposition can lead
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of autoimmune hepatitis. You have au
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is generally excellent, and the 10-year survival rate of patients with autoimmune he
Answer thisWhat are Type I: fungal infections (chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis), thyroid issues (hypoparathyroid
Answer thisWho is at Genetics play a role in the likelihood someone may have Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrom
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child has persistent yeast infections, thyroid issues, repro
Answer thisWhat to exType I: The prognosis of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I is variable, depending on
Answer thisHow is AviaAvian influenza in birds: Avian influenza is an infection caused by avian (bird) influenza (flu) vir
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of avian influenza in humans have ranged from typical human influenza - like symp
Answer thisWhat causeThe avian influenza is caused by the H5N1 virus, a subtype of type A influenza virus.
Answer thisWho is at hFor current information about avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks, see the CDC Outbreaks pag
Answer thisWhen to seIf there is any suspicion of avian influenza infection, it is recommended that medical care is so
Answer thisWhat to expOf the human cases associated with the ongoing H5N1 outbreaks in poultry and wild birds in A
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with avoidant personality disorder can't stop thinking about their own shortcomings. T
Answer thisWhat causePersonality disorders are lifelong patterns of behavior that cause problems with work and rela
Answer thisWhen to seSee your health care provider or a psychiatrist if shyness or fear of rejection overwhelms your
Answer thisWhat to expPeople with this disorder may develop some ability to relate to others, and this can be improv
Answer thisWhat are tIt is important to understand that back pain is a symptom of a medical condition, not a diagno
Answer thisWhat causeMedical problems that can cause back pain include the following:Mechanical problems: A me
Answer thisWho is at hAlthough anyone can have back pain, a number of factors increase your risk. They include:Age
Answer thisWhen to seIn most cases, it is not necessary to see a doctor for back pain because pain usually goes away
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook for acute back pain is very good. Many times it will leave as quickly as it came.Chr
Answer thisWhat are tWomen with BV may have an abnormal vaginal discharge with an unpleasant odor. Some wom
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of BV is not fully understood. BV is associated with an imbalance in the bacteria tha
Answer thisWho is at hBacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age. In
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of uterine prola
Answer thisWhat are tA large cyst may cause some discomfort or stiffness, but there are often no symptoms. There
Answer thisWhat causeA Baker's cyst is caused by swelling in the knee. The swelling is due to an increase in synovial fl
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with knee problems such as a meniscus tear or arthritis are at higher risk for a Baker's
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have swelling behind the knee th
Answer thisWhat to expA Baker's cyst will not cause any long-term harm, but it can be annoying and painful. The symp
Answer thisWhat are tFemales rarely develop symptoms. Males will develop symptoms if they inherit the defective
Answer thisWhat causeBecker muscular dystrophy is very similar to Duchenne muscular dystrophy, except that it get
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Symptoms of Becker muscular dystrophy appear A person wit
Answer thisWhat to exBecker muscular dystrophy leads to slowly worsening disability, although the degree of disabi
Answer thisWhat are Abdominal wall defect: umbilical hernia or omphalocele Creases in ear lobes Enlargement of o
Answer thisWhat are tThe cause of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is unknown, but it may be genetic. Most cases a
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have a child with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and worrisome symptoms develop, c
Answer thisWhat to exChildren with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome who survive infancy do well, although no long-
Answer thisWhat are tBecause the facial nerve has so many functions and is so complex, damage to the nerve or a d
Answer thisWhat are thBell's palsy occurs when the nerve that controls the facial muscles is swollen, inflamed, or com
Answer thisWho is at hBell's palsy afflicts approximately 40,000 Americans each year. It affects men and women equ
Answer thisWhen to seUrgent medical care is not usually necessary for Bell's palsy. However, since some of the symp
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis for individuals with Bell's palsy is generally very good. The extent of nerve dama
Answer thisWhat are tLess than half of all men with BPH have symptoms of the disease, which include:Dribbling at t
Answer thisWhat causeThe actual cause of prostate enlargement is unknown. Factors linked to aging and the testicle
Answer thisWho is at hThe likelihood of developing an enlarged prostate increases with age. BPH is so common that
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor right away if you have:Less urine than usual Fever or chills Back, side, or abdo
Answer thisWhat to exp Treatments options as stated above are likely to relieve symptoms. Surgery is slightly more su
Answer thisWhat are tNewborns with this condition may appear normal at birth. However, jaundice (a yellow color t
Answer thisWho is at hiBiliary atresia is common form of chronic liver disease in newborns, affecting one in every 15,
Answer thisWhat causes Biliary atresia occurs when the bile ducts inside or outside the liver do not develop normally. I
Answer thisWhen to see Call your health care provider if your child appears jaundiced, or if other symptoms of biliary a
Answer thisWhat to exp Early surgery will improve the survival of more than a third of babies with this condition. The l
Answer thisWhat are tA binge eater often:Eats 5,000 - 15,000 calories in one sitting Frequently snacks, in addition to
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of binge eating is unknown. However, binge eating often begins during or after stric
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you think you might have a pattern of binge eating or bulimia
Answer thisWhat are tThe manic phase may last from days to months. It can include the following symptoms:Easily d
Answer thisWhat are th Bipolar disorder affects men and women equally. It usually starts between ages 15 - 25. The e
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health provider or an emergency number right way if:You are having thoughts of dea
Answer thisWhat to exp Mood stabilizers can help control the symptoms of bipolar disorder. However, patients often n
Answer thisWhat are tThe eyelids appear red and irritated, with scales that stick to the base of the eyelashes. The ey
Answer thisWhat causeBlepharitis is caused by an overgrowth of the bacteria that is normally found on the skin. It is u
Answer thisWho is at hBlepharitis may be linked to repeated styes and chalazia. You are more likely to develop this c
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms worsen or do not improve
Answer thisWhat to exp The likely outcome is good with treatment. Continued attention to lid cleanliness may be requ
Answer thisWhat causeDuring the first 3 months, vaginal bleeding may be a sign of a miscarriage or ectopic pregnanc
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if:There is a chance of miscarriage. You have any vaginal ble
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms can vary according to which body part (or parts) are targeted, but general symptom
Answer thisWhat causeAbout 1 - 2% of the population may have BDD, with men and women equally affected.BDD us
Answer thisWhen to seIf you suspect you have BDD, see your doctor or a mental health professional.
Answer thisHow often Primary bone cancer is rare. It accounts for much less than 1 percent of all cancers. About 2,3
Answer thisWhat are tPain is the most common symptom of bone cancer, but not all bone cancers cause pain (1). Pe
Answer thisWhat causeAlthough bone cancer does not have a clearly defined cause, researchers have identified seve
Answer thisAre clinica Yes. Participation in clinical trials is an important treatment option for many people with bone
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with BPD are often uncertain about their identity. As a result, their interests and value
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes of borderline personality disorder (BPD) are unknown. Genetic, family, and social f
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for BPD include:Abandonment in childhood or adolescence Disrupted family life P
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child has symptoms of borderline personality diso
Answer thisWhat to exp The outlook depends on how severe the condition is and whether the person is willing to acce
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include fever and headache, but the distinguishing characteristic of this diseas
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor immediately if you or someone in your family develops severe chest pain.
Answer thisWhat to exThe illness lasts about a week and is rarely fatal. Relapses during the weeks following the initia
Answer thisWhat are sSymptoms usually appear 8 - 36 hours after consuming contaminated food. There is NO fever
Answer thisWhat causeClostridium botulinum is found in soil and untreated water throughout the world. It produces
Answer thisWho is at hInfants are especially vulnerable to botulism. If you utilize home canning methods you, too, m
Answer thisWhen to seBotulism can be life-threatening if left untreated. Contact your doctor immediately if you susp
Answer thisWhat to exp Prompt treatment significantly reduces the risk of death.
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of a bowel obstruction include:Abdominal distention Abdominal fullness, gaseo
Answer thisWhat causeObstruction of the bowel may due to:A mechanical cause, which simply means something is in
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if persistent abdominal distention develops and you are unable
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may develop slowly, over a period of 2 weeks, or they may develop suddenly. They
Answer thisWhat causeBrain abscesses commonly occur when bacteria or fungi infect part of the brain. Swelling and
Answer thisWho is at hThe following raise your risk of a brain abscess:A weakened immune system (such as in AIDS p
Answer thisWhen to seGo to a hospital emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have
Answer thisWhat to exp If untreated, a brain abscess is almost always deadly. With treatment, the death rate is about
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Brain herniation include:Coma Lack of energy and tiredness Cardiac arrest (no h
Answer thisWhat are tCauses of Brain herniation can include:Brain tumors Metastatic brain tumor Primary brain tum
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who have suffered a stroke or have a brain tumor are at a high risk of developing Brain
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 and seek medical treatment immediately if you suspect Brain herniation or you exper
Answer thisWhat to expBrain herniation is a severe condition that can cause stroke and may lead to impaired breathin
Answer thisWhat are tEarly brain tumor does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may notice
Answer thisWhat are tBrain tumors are classified depending on the exact site of the tumor, the type of tissue involve
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of brain tumor is related to several factors.R
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of brain tumor develop. If you experience either of
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of brain tumor depends on the following:Whether or not the tumor can be rem
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in size or shape of the
Answer thisWho is at hNo one knows the exact causes of breast cancer. Doctors often cannot explain why one woma
Answer thisWhen to seSee your health care provider about a breast change when you have:A lump in or near your br
Answer thisWhat to expSurvival rates for Breast Cancer80.4% of women with breast cancer survive after 5 years in the
Answer thisWhat causeLumps in a woman are often caused by fibrocystic changes, fibroadenomas, and cysts.Fibrocys
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:The skin on your breast appears dimpled or wrinkled (like the peel of an ora
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of brief reactive psychosis may include the following:Disorganized behavior False id
Answer thisWhat causeBrief reactive psychosis is triggered by extreme stress (such as a traumatic accident or loss of
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with a mental health professional if you have symptoms of this disord
Answer thisWhat to expMost people with this disorder have a good outcome. Repeat episodes may occur in response
Answer thisWhat are tSome children have infections with few or minor symptoms.Bronchiolitis begins as a mild upp
Answer thisWhat causeBronchiolitis usually affects children under the age of 2, with a peak age of 3 - 6 months. It is a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider immediately, or go to the emergency room if the child with bro
Answer thisWhat to expUsually, the symptoms get better within a week, and breathing difficulty usually improves by t
Answer thisWhat are tAcute brucellosis may begin with mild flu -like symptoms, or symptoms such as:Abdominal pa
Answer thisWhat causeBrucella can infect cattle, goats, camels, dogs, and pigs. The bacteria can spread to humans if
Answer thisWho is at hPeople working in jobs where they often come in contact with animals or meat such as slaugh
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of brucellosi
Answer thisWhat to expRelapses may occur, and symptoms may continue for years. As with tuberculosis, the illness ca
Answer thisWhat are tClenching the teeth puts pressure on the muscles, tissues, and other structures around your ja
Answer thisWhat causePeople can clench and grind without being aware of it during both the day and night, although
Answer thisWhen to seThere is no recognized TMJ specialty in dentistry. See a dentist immediately if you are having t
Answer thisWhat to expBruxism is not a dangerous disorder. However, it can cause permanent damage to the teeth a
Answer thisWhat are tBubonic plague symptoms appear suddenly, usually after 2 - 5 days of exposure to the bacteri
Answer thisWhat causePlague is caused by the organism yersinia pestis. Rodents, such as rats, spread the disease to h
Answer thisWho is at hPeople can get the plague when they are bitten by a flea that carries the plague bacteria from
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop plague symptoms after exposure to fleas or rode
Answer thisWhat to expWithout treatment, about 50 - 90% of those with bubonic plague die. Almost all people with p
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Budd-Chiari syndrome include the following:Abdominal swelling or stretching Pa
Answer thisWhat causeHepatic vein obstruction prevents blood from flowing out of the liver and back to the heart. T
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of hepatic vein obstruction You are being
Answer thisWhat are tIn bulimia, eating binges may occur as often as several times a day for many months.People w
Answer thisWhat causeMany more women than men have bulimia. The disorder is most common in adolescent girls
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you (or your child) have symptoms o
Answer thisWhat to expBulimia is a long-term illness. Many people will still have some symptoms, even with treatmen
Answer thisWhat are tBurkitt lymphoma may first be noticed as a swelling of the lymph nodes (glands) in the neck, g
Answer thisWhat causeBurkitt lymphoma was first discovered in children in certain parts of Africa, but it also occurs i
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of Burkitt lymphoma.
Answer thisWhat to exMore than half of those with Burkitt lymphoma can be cured with intensive chemotherapy. Th
Answer thisWhat are tBursitis most typically occurs in the elbow, shoulder, or hip, although it can also occur in the h
Answer thisWhat causeA bursa is a small, fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between a bone and other moving part
Answer thisWho is at hFactors that increase your risk for developing bursitis include:Middle age Diabetes Rheumatoi
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor to schedule and appointment if:Joint pain significantly interferes with your da
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook is generally very good for bursitis, although in rare cases your bursa may have to
Answer thisWhat are tChest tightness Cough WheezingSymptoms will get worse at the beginning of the work week,
Answer thisWhat causeBreathing in the dust produced by raw cotton can cause byssinosis. It is most common in peop
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who work in the textile industry are at risk due to their exposure to dust. Being expose
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of byssinosis.
Answer thisWhat to expSymptoms usually improve after stopping exposure to the dust. Continued exposure can lead
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms start 2 - 4 days after being exposed to the bacteria. They usually last 1 week, and m
Answer thisWhat are tCampylobacter enteritis is a common cause of intestinal infection. These bacteria are also one
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have diarrhea that continues for more than 1 week or com
Answer thisWhat are tGenital lesions on the penis Painless sore on penis (occasionally, the lesion may cause pain) Pe
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause is unknown.Smegma, a cheese-like, foul-smelling substance found under the
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of penis cancer develop.
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome can be good with early diagnosis and treatment. The 5-year survival rate for pen
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually start gradually, with pain, weakness, or numbness in the hand and wrist, ra
Answer thisWhat causeThe carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway of ligament and bones at the base of your hand tha
Answer thisWho is at hWomen are three times more likely to have carpal tunnel syndrome than men. Additionally, th
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have symptoms of carpal tunnel
Answer thisWhat to exSymptoms often improve with treatment, but more than 50% of cases eventually require surg
Answer thisWhat are tA person who has had contact with a cat may show common symptoms, including:Bump (pap
Answer thisWhat causeCat scratch disease is caused by Bartonella henselae. The disease is spread through contact w
Answer thisWho is at hPeople having cats as pet at are higher risk of getting the disease.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have enlarged lymph nodes and a history of exposure to a
Answer thisWhat to expIn children with normal immune systems, full recovery without treatment is the norm. In imm
Answer thisWhat are tVisual problems may include the following changes:Cloudy, blurry, fuzzy, foggy, or filmy vision
Answer thisWhat causeIn many cases, the cause of cataract development is unknown. Adult cataracts usually develop
Answer thisWho is at hThe risk of cataract increases as you get older. Other risk factors for cataract include:Certain d
Answer thisWhat to expVision may not improve to 20/20 after cataract surgery if other eye diseases, such as macular
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of celiac disease vary from person to person. Symptoms may occur in the digestive
Answer thisWhat Cause Celiac disease may be due to the following causes:Gluten allergy Inflammation of the bowel ti
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with celiac disease tend to have other diseases, in which the immune system attacks th
Answer thisWhere to fiDirections to Hospitals Treating Celiac Disease
Answer thisWhat to expCeliac disease is an incurable and chronic condition. Symptomatic onset may occur at any poin
Answer thisWhat are tConfusion, delirium Balance problems Difficulty swallowing Hallucinations Reduced alertness,
Answer thisWhat causeThe destruction of the myelin sheath that covers nerve cells prevents signals from being prope
Answer thisWho is at hRisks include:Alcoholism Liver disease Malnutrition from serious illnesses
Answer thisWhen to seThere is no real guideline on when to seek medical attention, because this condition is rare in
Answer thisWhat to expThe nerve damage caused by central pontine myelinolysis is usually long-lasting.The disorder
Answer thisWhat are tAlthough the condition is present at birth, symptoms may occur at any age. Hemorrhages occu
Answer thisWhat are tThe cause of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is unknown. The condition occurs w
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have:Num
Answer thisWhat to exAbout 10% of cases in which excess bleeding (hemorrhage) is the first symptom are deadly. So
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common symptoms of cerebral venous thrombosis are- headache, subacute in natu
Answer thisWhat cause- multiple pregnancies,- untreated inflammatory conditions- infections and injuries of the cen
Answer thisWho is at h- surgery- trauma- pregnancy- puerperium- antiphospholipid syndrome- cancer- exogenous ho
Answer thisWhat to expComparing to other types of stroke, the prognosis of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is mor
Answer thisWhat are tEarly cervical cancers usually do not cause symptoms. When cancer grows larger, women may
Answer thisWho is at hStudies have found a number of factors that may increase the risk of cervical cancer, infection
Answer thisWhen to seYou should start getting regular Pap test s at age 21, or within three years of the first time you
Answer thisWhat to expIt's important for you to take care of yourself by eating well and staying as active as you can d
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal vaginal bleeding After intercourse After menopause Between periods Unusual vagin
Answer thisWhat causesCervicitis is most often caused by an infection, usually caught during sexual activity. Sexually t
Answer thisWho is at hiCervicitis is very common, affecting more than half of all women at some point during their ad
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of cervicitis.
Answer thisWhat to expSimple cervicitis usually heals with treatment if the cause is found and there is a treatment fo
Answer thisWhat causeChancroid is caused by a bacterium called Haemophilus ducreyi. H. ducreyi is usually found in
Answer thisWhat are tPatients can develop chancroid more than once on subsequent exposures to H. ducreyi. Symp
Answer thisWhat are tAcute:Air hunger (feeling that you cannot get enough air) Cough Difficulty breathing Possibly w
Answer thisWhat causeMany household and industrial chemicals are capable of producing both an acute and a chron
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have trouble breathing after inhaling (or possibly inhaling
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome depends on the chemical agent involved, the severity of exposure, and whether
Answer thisWhat are tMost children with chickenpox have the following symptoms before the rash appears: Fever H
Answer thisWhat causeIn children, chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus of Herpes virus family. The same
Answer thisWho is at hAs chickenpox is contagious, anyone in close proximity to someone with the disease is at risk.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider or visit your nearest hospital if you think that your child has chic
Answer thisWhat to exUsually, a person recovers without complications.Once you have had chickenpox, the virus us
Answer thisWhat are tMost people infected with Chikungunya virus will develop some symptoms. Symptoms usually
Answer thisWhat causChikungunya virus is transmitted to people through mosquito bites. Mosquitoes become infec
Answer thisWho is at hPeople at risk for more severe disease include newborns infected around the time of birth, old
Answer thisWhen to seSee your doctor if you develop any of the following symptoms:Fever persisting for more than
Answer thisWhat to exOften symptoms in infected individuals are mild and the infection may go unrecognized, or be
Answer thisWhat are tDelay or lack of spoken language Impairment in nonverbal behaviors Inability to start or maint
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of childhood disintegrative disorder is unknown, but it has been linked to brain and
Answer thisWhen to seCall your provider if your child has any delays in development or starts to lose developmental
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook for this disorder is poor.Most children with the condition have an impairment sim
Answer thisWhat are tAs many as 1 in 4 men with chlamydia have no symptoms. In men, chlamydia may produce sym
Answer thisWho is at hChlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. Sexually acti
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of chlamydia.Because many people with
Answer thisWhat are tEarly cholangiocarcinoma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people ma
Answer thisWhat causeCancerous tumors of the bile ducts are usually slow-growing and do not spread (metastasize)
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of cholangiocarcinoma is related to several f
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma develop. If you experience e
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma is not good and it depends on the following:The location
Answer thisWhat are tThe following symptoms may occur:Abdominal painIn the right upper side or middle of the up
Answer thisWhat causeCholangitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection, which can occur when the duct is blocked
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:Previous history of gallstones Sclerosing cholangitis HIV Narrowing of the
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of cholangitis.
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually good with treatment, but poor without it.
Answer thisWhat are tThe following is a list of symptoms commonly associated with people who have developed ch
Answer thisWhat are tCholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The bacteria releases a toxin that causes i
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for the development of cholera include:Exposure to contaminated or untreated d
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop severe watery diarrhea You have signs of dehydr
Answer thisWhat to expSevere dehydration can cause death. Given adequate fluids, most people will make a full reco
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Cholestasis may include:Clay-colored or white stools Dark urine Inability to diges
Answer thisWhat causeThere are many causes of cholestasis.Extrahepatic cholestasis occurs outside the liver. It can b
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have:Persistent itching Yellow skin or eyes Other symptom
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a person does depends on the disease causing the condition. Stones in the common
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms include a small amount of bone pain which is not related to activity, and some
Answer thisWhat causThe exact cause of chondroblastoma is not known.
Answer thisWho is at Chondroblastoma tends to occur in the teenage years, and occurs in boys more often than in g
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis for patient with chondrosarcoma is generally good. Chondrosarcoma may recur
Answer thisWhat are The symptoms of chondrosarcoma usually include pain and swelling in the area of the tumor.
Answer thisWhat causAlthough the actual exact cause of chondrosarcoma is not known, there is thought to be certa
Answer thisWho is at Chondrosarcoma may arise from pervious benign cartilage tumors. Some of these tumors are:
Answer thisWhat to exGrading and staging of the tumor by your doctor with the use of biopsy, can help to determine
Answer thisWhat are tA possible symptom is continued vaginal bleeding in a woman with a recent history of hydatid
Answer thisWhat causeChoriocarcinoma is an uncommon, but very often curable cancer associated with pregnancy.A
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms arise within 1 year after h
Answer thisWhat to exMost women whose cancer has not spread can be cured and will maintain reproductive functi
Answer thisWhat are thSymptoms of chronic prostatitis are similar to those of acute prostatitis but are not as severe.
Answer thisWhat causesChronic prostatitis is usually caused by a chronic bacterial infection of the prostate gland. It m
Answer thisWho is at hAge over 30 Certain sexual practices (such as anal sex without a condom) Excessive alcohol int
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of chronic prostatitis.
Answer thisWhat to expIt is common for symptoms to return.
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of either type of bronchitis may include:Chest discomfort Cough that produces
Answer thisWhat causeChronic bronchitis is a long-term condition. People have a cough that produces excessive muc
Answer thisWho is at hPeople at risk for acute bronchitis include:The elderly, infants, and young children Persons wit
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:You have a cough most days or you have a cough that returns frequently Yo
Answer thisWhat to expFor acute bronchitis, symptoms usually go away within 7 to 10 days if you do not have an und
Answer thisWhat are tAttacks of upper abdominal pain, often with nausea or vomiting Abdominal pain that is locate
Answer thisWhat causeChronic cholecystitis is usually caused by gallstones in the gallbladder. It is usually preceded b
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for chronic cholecystitis include:Gender: The disease occurs more often in women
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your healthcare provider if you develop any symptoms of cholec
Answer thisWhat to expGangrene (tissue death) of the gallbladder Cancer of the gallbladder (rarely) Jaundice Pancrea
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually get better after you go through menopause. If you take birth control pills, y
Answer thisWhat causesThe exact cause is not known. It is believed that hormones made in the ovaries can make a wo
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if:You find new or different lumps during your breast self examY
Answer thisWhat to expIf your breast exams and mammograms are normal, you do not need to worry about your sym
Answer thisWho is at hThe risk of serious complications from chronic diarrhea depends on the cause of the diarrhea
Answer thisHow are inInfections that can cause chronic diarrhea usually are spread by ingesting food or water or tou
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of CFS are similar to those of the flu and other common viral infections, and includ
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is unknown.Some theories suggest CFS may
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you experience persistent, severe fa
Answer thisWhat to expThe long-term outlook for patients with CFS varies and is difficult to predict when symptoms fi
Answer thisWhat are tEarly chronic lymphocytic leukemia does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger,
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is related t
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia develop. If you ex
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia depends on:The stage of chronic lymphocytic l
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease include: cough with mucus, shortness of
Answer thisWhat causeSmoking is the leading cause of COPD. The more a person smokes, the more likely that person
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for COPD are:Exposure to certain gases or fumes in the workplace Exposure to he
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have a rap
Answer thisWhat to expThis condition is a long-term (chronic) illness. The disease will get worse more quickly if one co
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Excessive blinking Grimaces of the face Quick movements of the arms, legs
Answer thisWhat causeAbout 1 to 2% of the population has chronic motor tic disorder.The condition is more common
Answer thisWhen to seThere is usually no need to see the health care provider for a tic unless it is severe or disrupts
Answer thisWhat to expChildren who develop this disorder between ages 6 and 8 usually do very well. Symptoms may
Answer thisWhat causeThere are no established causes for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. However, v
Answer thisWho is at hAny one can develop eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Studies shown, it occurs m
Answer thisWhen to seYou should see the doctor if you experience any of the following:Worsening asthma Severe br
Answer thisWhat to exWithout treatment, people with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis can die within a
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of depression include:Low or irritable mood most of the time A loss of pleasure in u
Answer thisWhat causeDepression often runs in families. This may be due to your genes (inherited), behaviors you le
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911, a suicide hotline, or go to a nearby emergency room if you have thoughts of harming
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms-Frequent, watery diarrhea (may be 3-4 in mild diseases and can go up to 15 in seve
Answer thisWhat causeMost people will never have any problems with C. diff, but in case the balance is hampered th
Answer thisWho is at hKids, immunocompromised patients are at highest risks
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if your symptoms begin after you started taking an antibiotic. Also call if you h
Answer thisWhat to expGenerally gets better with 48 hour of stopping antibiotics In severe cases metronidazole and v
Answer thisWhat are tMost people with this infection never have symptoms. Others may have cold- or flu -like symp
Answer thisWhat causeCoccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection most commonly seen in the desert regions of the sou
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with decreased immunity are at increased risks.
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of coccidioidom
Answer thisWhat to expHow well the person does depends on the form of the disease they have and their overall hea
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms vary from person to person, but may include:Trouble seeing colors and the brightn
Answer thisWhat causeColor blindness occurs when there is a problem with the color-sensing materials (pigments) in
Answer thisWho is at hMen are at a higher risk for color blindness than women. As color blindness is commonly inhe
Answer thisWhen to seColor blindness is not considered a medical emergency.However, make an appointment with
Answer thisWhat to expColor blindness is a life-long condition. Most persons are able to adjust without difficulty or di
Answer thisWhat are tEarly colorectal cancer does not make any symptoms. When the cancer grows larger, people w
Answer thisWho is at hThere are some factors may increase the risk of acquiring the colorectal cancer potentially. Th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of colorectal cancer develop. If one emerges the fo
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of colorectal cancer varies widely. For patients whose tumor is caught early ma
Answer thisWhat are Cold symptoms usually occur within 2-3 days after you came in contact with the virus, althoug
Answer thisWhat causIt is called “ common cold ” for good reason. There are over one billion colds in the United Sta
Answer thisWhen to seTry to treat your cold at home first. Call your doctor if:Breathing becomes difficult. Your symp
Answer thisWhat to exThe discharge of your runny nose will become thicker, may turn to yellow or green within a fe
Answer thisWho is at Common cold can effect people of all age, gender, and ethnic group.
Answer thisWhat are tThe key symptom is pain that:Is intense and burning, and is much stronger than would be exp
Answer thisWhat causeDoctors aren't sure what causes CRPS. In some cases, the sympathetic nervous system plays a
Answer thisWho is at hThis condition is more common in people ages 40 - 60, but it has been seen in younger people
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if you develop constant, burning pain in an arm, leg, hand, o
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook is better with an early diagnosis. If the doctor diagnoses the condition within the
Answer thisWhat are tChildren with conduct disorder tend to be impulsive, hard to control, and not concerned abou
Answer thisWhat causeConduct disorder has been associated with:Child abuse Drug addiction or alcoholism in the pa
Answer thisWhen to seSee your health care provider if your child:Regularly gets in trouble Has mood swings Is bullyin
Answer thisWhat to expChildren who have severe or frequent symptoms tend to have the poorest outlook. Expectatio
Answer thisWhat are tSome babies with congenital hypothyroidism do not appear any signs at birth.Some may have
Answer thisWhat causeHypothyroidism in the newborn may be caused by:A missing or abnormally developed thyroid
Answer thisWho is at hMutations in the DUOX2, PAX8, SLC5A5, TG, TPO, TSHB, and TSHR genes result in congenital h
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You feel your infant shows signs or symptoms of hypothyroidi
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of congenital hypothyroidism depends on whether the baby starts thyroid hormone
Answer thisWhat are tIf you have this condition, you are more likely to develop blood clots. The symptoms are the s
Answer thisWhat causesCongenital protein C or S deficiency is an inherited disorder, which means it is passed down th
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of clotting in a vein (such as swelling and
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually good with treatment, but symptoms may return.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms in the infant may include:Cloudy corneas or white appearance to pupil Deafness De
Answer thisWhat causeCongenital rubella occurs when the rubella virus in the mother affects the developing baby at
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider:if you have concerns about congenital rubella, if you are unsure
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome for a child with congenital rubella depends on the severity of problems present.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms in newborns may include:Failure to gain weight or failure to thrive Fever Irritability
Answer thisWhat causeCongenital syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which is passed from mo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your baby has signs or symptoms of this condition.If you think
Answer thisWhat to expMany infants who were infected early in the pregnancy are stillborn.Treatment of the expecta
Answer thisWhat are tRedness (hyperaemia), irritation (chemosis) and watering (epiphora) of the eyes are symptom
Answer thisWhat causeConjunctivitis is most commonly caused by viruses, often adenovirus, but many other factors
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who are exposed to someone infected with the viral or bacterial form of conjunctivitis
Answer thisWhen to seUrgent medical care is not usually necessary for conjunctivitis. However, newborns with ophth
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually good with treatment. Conjunctivitis resolves, in 65% of cases, within 2
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of a conversion disorder include the loss of one or more bodily functions, such as:B
Answer thisWhat causeConversion disorder symptoms may occur because of a psychological conflict.Symptoms usua
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you or someone you know has symp
Answer thisWhat to expSymptoms usually last for days to weeks and may suddenly go away. Usually the symptom itse
Answer thisWhat are tCorneal ulcers are extremely painful due to nerve exposure, and can cause tearing and squinti
Answer thisWhat causeCorneal ulcers are most commonly caused by an infection with bacteria, viruses, fungi or para
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with poor eye hygiene and contact lens abusers (e.g. those who wear contact lenses o
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop impaired vision, severe light sensitivity, or eye pa
Answer thisWhat to expWith proper, prompt treatment, the outlook is very good. However, if left untreated, a cornea
Answer thisWhat are tInitial symptoms, which typically begin at or around age 60, may first appear on one side of th
Answer thisWhat to expCorticobasal degeneration usually progresses slowly over the course of 6 to 8 years.An individ
Answer thisWhat are tAn excess of amniotic fluid Increased birth weight Subsequent weight loss and a failure to thri
Answer thisWhat are tCostello syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, which means one copy of t
Answer thisWho is at hBecause Costello syndrome typically occurs as the result of a new mutation, family members a
Answer thisHow to knoDiagnosis of Costello syndrome is based on the presence of multiple, characteristic symptoms
Answer thisWhat are tEarly craniopharyngioma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, functions a
Answer thisWho is at hThe cause of craniopharyngioma is not clear at present. More studies need to done about it.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if there are any signs of increased intracranial pressure such as headache, nau
Answer thisWhat to exIn general as a benign tumor, the prognosis of craniopharyngioma is good. The outlook depen
Answer thisWhat are tAbsence of the normal feeling of a "soft spot" (fontanelle) on the newborn's skull Disappearan
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of craniosynostosis is unknown. Which suture is involved determines the abnormal
Answer thisWho is at hCraniosynostosis occurs more often in males than in females.Children affected by certain gene
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you think your child's head has an unusual shape. A referral to
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a person does depends on how many sutures are involved and whether other defec
Answer thisWhat are tRapidly developing delirium or dementia (over the course of a few weeks or months) Blurred
Answer thisWhat causeCJD is believed to result from a protein called a prion. A prion causes normal proteins to fold a
Answer thisWhen to seCJD is not a medical emergency, but early diagnosis and treatment may make the symptoms e
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually very poor. Within 6 months or less of the onset of symptoms, the pers
Answer thisWhat are tCry that is high-pitched and sounds like a cat Downward slant to the eyes Low birth weight an
Answer thisWhat are thCri du chat syndrome is rare. It happens when genetic information on chromosome 5 is missin
Answer thisHow to knoIn addition to symptoms listed above, the physical examination may show:Inguinal hernia Dias
Answer thisWhat to expWhat can be expected varies, but mental retardation is usual. Half of children with Cri du chat
Answer thisWhat are tConfusion and changes in thinking Yellow skin (jaundice) and yellow in the whites of the eyes
Answer thisWhat causeCrigler-Najjar syndrome is caused by an abnormal gene. The gene fails to make the enzyme th
Answer thisWho is at hThe syndrome runs in families (inherited). A child must get the defective gene from both pare
Answer thisHow to knoTests used to evaluate liver function include:Conjugated (bound) bilirubin Liver biopsy, enzym
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on what part of the gastrointestinal tract is affected. Symptoms range from
Answer thisWhat causeSeveral theories exist about what causes Crohn’s disease, but none have been proven. The hu
Answer thisWho is at hThe disease may occur at any age, but it usually occurs in people between ages 15 - 35. Risk fa
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have symptoms of Crohn's disea
Answer thisWhat to exThere is no cure for Crohn's disease. The condition is marked by periods of improvement follo
Answer thisWhat are tCroup features a cough that sounds like a seal barking. Most children have what appears to be
Answer thisWhat causeViral croup is the most common. Other possible causes include bacteria, allergies, and inhaled
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with the following characteristics are at the highest risk for croup:Infants and children
Answer thisWhen to seMost croup can be safely managed at home with telephone support from your health care pro
Answer thisWhat to expCroup usually goes away in 3 to 7 days upon infection. Most symptoms will resolve by 1 to 2 d
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome vary, but most people with the disorder have:Upp
Answer thisWhat causeCushing’s syndrome occurs when the body’s tissues are exposed to high levels of cortisol for t
Answer thisWhat are tEpisodes of hypomania and mild depression occur for at least 2 years (1 or more years in child
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes of cyclothymic disorder are unknown.Major depression, bipolar disorder, and cyclo
Answer thisWhen to seCall a mental health professional if you or a loved one has persistent alternating periods of de
Answer thisWhat to expLess than half of people with cyclothymic disorder will eventually develop bipolar disorder.In
Answer thisPrematurePer the Deletion review comment which you removed , to echo your comment, I'm not sure w
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of a cystitis (bladder infection) include:Cloudy or bloody urine, which may have
Answer thisWhat causeCystitis is caused by germs, usually bacteria that enter the urethra and then the bladder. Thes
Answer thisWho is at hiThe following increase your chances of developing cystitis:A tube called a urinary catheter ins
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of cystitis You have already been diagnos
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases of cystitis are uncomfortable, but go away without complications after treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of CMV can be:Sore throat Swollen lymph nodes:(lymph glands) Fever Headache Fa
Answer thisWhat causeCMV can get spread by body fluids, like saliva, blood, urine, semen (sexual contact) and breast
Answer thisWho is at hCytomegaloviral diseases are more common in people with weak immune system. Many peop
Answer thisWhen to seIf you think you have the symptoms, call your doctor.
Answer thisWhat to exIt depends on the immune level of the patient.
Answer thisWhat are tCytomegalovirus infection is a viral infection caused by cytomegalovirus. Infection with CMV i
Answer thisWhat are tDelirium involves a quick change between mental states (for example, from lethargy to agitati
Answer thisWhat causeDelirium is most often caused by physical or mental illness and is usually temporary and rever
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if there is a rapid change in mental status.
Answer thisWhat to expAcute conditions that cause delirium may occur with chronic disorders that cause dementia.A
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms most often occur within 72 hours after the last drink. However, they may occur up
Answer thisWhat causeDelirium tremens can occur when you stop drinking alcohol after a period of heavy drinking, e
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have symp
Answer thisWhat to expDelirium tremens is serious and may be life threatening. Some symptoms may last for a year o
Answer thisWhat are tDementia symptoms include difficulty with many areas of mental function, including:Language
Answer thisWhat are tMost types of dementia are nonreversible (degenerative). Nonreversible means the changes i
Answer thisWho is at hDegenerative: This is the most common cause of dementia, named Alzheimer's disease. Strok
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of dementia gets worse.If the patient experiences
Answer thisWhat to exPeople with mild cognitive impairment do not always develop dementia. However, when dem
Answer thisWhat causeThe symptoms of DLB are caused by the build-up of Lewy bodies which are accumulated bits o
Answer thisWhat are tBrief episodes of confusion and orientation to time or place Mild memory problems Well defin
Answer thisWhat to exLike Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, DLB is a neuro-degenerative disorder that re
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with this disorder do not trust their own ability to make decisions. They may be very u
Answer thisWhat causeDependent personality disorder usually begins in childhood. The causes of this disorder are un
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider or a mental health professional if you o
Answer thisWhat to expImprovements are usually seen only with long-term therapy.
Answer thisWhat are tDepression can change the way teenagers see themselves, their lives, and the people around
Answer thisWhat causeDepression can be a response to many situations and stresses. In teenagers, depressed mood
Answer thisWhen to seThere are numbers you can call from anywhere in the United States, 24 hours a day, 7 days a w
Answer thisWhat to expDepression usually responds to treatment. Getting the right treatment as early as possible ma
Answer thisWhat are tMany of the usual symptoms of depression may be present in the elderly.Depression in the el
Answer thisWhat causeIn the elderly, a number of life changes can increase the risk for depression, or make existing d
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you feel persistently sad, worthless, or hopeless, or if you cry
Answer thisWhat to expDepression usually responds to treatment. If it is not detected, depression can lead to complic
Answer thisWhat are tPatients with DeQuervain's syndrome may experience the following symptoms:Pain: Pain at th
Answer thisWhat causeChronic overuse of your wrist i.e. activities like wringing out a cloth. Direct injury to your wrist
Answer thisWho is at The cause of DeQuervain's syndrome is the following:Overuse of the wrist, activities such as th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of DeQuervain's syndrome develop.
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of DeQuervain's syndrome is good. Many patients can recover after rest or physical
Answer thisWhat are tChildren with developmental coordination disorder have difficulties with motor coordination
Answer thisWhat causeAbout 6% of school-age children have some kind of developmental coordination disorder.Chil
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with a health care provider if you are concerned about your child's de
Answer thisWhat to exHow well a child does depends on the severity of the disorder. The disorder does not get wors
Answer thisWhat are tExcessive thirst and intake of fluids Excessive urination Bedwetting Waking up in the middle o
Answer thisWhat causeThere are 4 Types of Diabetes insipidusThe most common form of serious DI, central DI, result
Answer thisWho is at hNephrogenic diabetes insipidus presenting at or shortly after birth can have a genetic cause. It
Answer thisWhen to seTell your doctor if you are experiencing any of the symptoms associated with diabetes insipidu
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on the underlying disorder. If treated, diabetes insipidus does not caus
Answer thisWhat are tThe same symptoms of all kinds of causes may be consciousness disorders.
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause may severe diabetic hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar nonketoti
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone who has diabetes is at risk of a diabetic coma.
Answer thisWhen to seIt is an urgent condition that needs to go to the emergency department as soon as possible.
Answer thisWhat to expLeft untreated, a diabetic coma can be fatal. Prognosis of diabetic coma depends on whether
Answer thisWhat are tComa Confusion Convulsions Fever Increased thirst Increased urination (at the beginning of th
Answer thisWhat causeDiabetic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome is a condition of:Extremely high blood sugar (
Answer thisWho is at Risk factors include:A stressful event such as infection, heart attack, stroke, or recent surgery
Answer thisWhen to seThis condition is a medical emergency. Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency
Answer thisWhat to exPatients who develop this syndrome are often already ill. The death rate with this condition is
Answer thisWhat are tThe following signs and symptoms are indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis:Shortness of breath
Answer thisWhat causeSugar which is the main source of energy for cells, needs insulin to enter inside the cells. Whe
Answer thisWho is at hFor patients with type 1 diabetes, stresses such as infection, trauma, heart attack, surgery or m
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis develop. If you experience
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of diabetic ketoacidosis depends on:Whether the patient is diagnised or treated in ti
Answer thisWhat are tMost people who are infected have no symptoms. If symptoms do occur, they may include:Ab
Answer thisWhat causeThe fish tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium latum), is the largest parasite that infects humans. Hum
Answer thisWho is at hDiphyllobothrium infection generally occurs in the Northern Hemisphere (Europe, newly inde
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have noticed a worm or segments of a worm in your stoo
Answer thisWhat to expFish tapeworms can be removed with a single treatment dose. There are no lasting effects.
Answer thisWhat are tKnee appears to be deformed Knee is bent and cannot straighten Knee pain and / or knee swe
Answer thisWhat causeA dislocated patella is often caused by a sudden change in direction which puts the kneecap u
Answer thisWho is at hMainly, the people at highest risk of dislocation of the patella are people with "sloppy" or "hyp
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek urgent medical care if you have dislocated your knee multiple times, or if you
Answer thisWhat to expIf you have dislocated your knee, then there's always the possibility that it could pop out or di
Answer thisWhat are tErrors in grammar and punctuation Poor handwriting Poor spelling
Answer thisWhat causeAlthough no studies have been conducted to determine how common this disorder is, it is tho
Answer thisWhen to seParents who are concerned about their child's language ability should have their child tested b
Answer thisWhat to expThe degree of recovery depends on the severity of the disorder.Marked improvement is often
Answer thisWhat are tActive behavior, but in an aimless and not constructive way Bizarre and inappropriate emotion
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause is unknown. This type of schizophrenia usually begins before age 25.
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain, usually in the left lower abdomen but can be anywhere Chills Fever Nausea V
Answer thisWhat are thAlthough not proven, the dominant theory is that a low-fiber diet causes diverticular disease.
Answer thisWho is at riRisk factors for diverticulosis may include older age or a low-fiber diet.
Answer thisHow to knoTo diagnose diverticular disease, the doctor asks about medical history, does a physical exam,
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms can occur 1 to 12 weeks after coming in contact with the bacteria that cause the di
Answer thisWhat causeDonovanosis (granuloma inguinale) is caused by the bacteria Klebsiella granulomatis. The dise
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if: You have had sexual contact with a
Answer thisWhat to exTreating this disease early decreases the chances of tissue damage or scarring. Untreated dise
Answer thisWhat are tDark urine Fatigue Pale skin color Rapid heart rate Shortness of breath Yellow skin color (jaun
Answer thisWhat causeIn some cases, a drug can cause the immune system to mistakenly think your own red blood c
Answer thisWhen to seSee your health care provider if you have symptoms of this condition.
Answer thisWhat to exMost patients have a good outcome if they stop taking the drug that is causing the problem.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of drug-induced lupus erythematosus always occur after taking the drug for at leas
Answer thisWhat causeDrug-induced lupus erythematosus is caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to a medication. Se
Answer thisWho is at hThe major risk factor for developing drug-induced lupus is chronic, long-term use of a drug kn
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of drug-induced lupus erythematosus is better than systemic lupus erythemathosus
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually appear before age 6 and may appear as early as infancy. They may include:
Answer thisWhat causeDuchenne muscular dystrophy is a rapidly-worsening form of muscular dystrophy. Other musc
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Your child has symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy Sy
Answer thisWhat to exDuchenne muscular dystrophy leads to quickly worsening disability.Death usually occurs by ag
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms vary widely. Some patients do not have any symptoms. Some may experi
Answer thisWhat causeThere are many things that can cause duodenitis.High acid secretion, such as Zollinger-Ellison
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of duodenitis develop. If you experience either of t
Answer thisWhat to expGeneral speaking, the prognosis of duodenitis is good. The rehabilitation time of the lining of t
Answer thisWhat are tEarly difficulties with arithmetic are noticed, as well as low scores in math classes and testsSom
Answer thisWhat causeChildren who have mathematics disorder may have trouble performing simple mathematical e
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have any concerns about your ch
Answer thisWhat to expEarly intervention improves the chances of a better outcome.
Answer thisWhat are tA woman with dysfunctional uterine bleeding may notice the following changes in her menstr
Answer thisWhat causeThe menstrual cycle, or period, is not the same for every woman. On average, menstrual flow
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have unusual vaginal bleeding.
Answer thisWhat to expHormone therapy usually relieves symptoms.As long as there is no problem with anemia (low
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor right away if:Vaginal discharge is increased in amount or is foul-smelling. You
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom of dysthymia is a low, dark, or sad mood on most days for at least 2 years.
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of dysthymia is unknown. It tends to run in families. Dysthymia occurs more o
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You regularly feel depressed or low Y
Answer thisWhat to exDysthymia is a chronic condition that lasts many years. Though some people completely recov
Answer thisWhat are tDystonia can affect many different parts of the body.Symptoms may include:deterioration in h
Answer thisWhat causeIt is not exactly clear what causes dystonias. There are two types of dystonia: acquired dyston
Answer thisWho is at hDifferent dystonias are caused by different factors. Those who have a family history of idiopat
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor is you are having any type of involuntary muscle contractions, even if they are
Answer thisWhat to expThe initial symptoms can be very mild and may be noticeable only after prolonged exertion, st
Answer thisWhat causeEbola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola fever) is caused by a virus belonging to the family called Filovi
Answer thisHow does E bola virus is able to infect someone by the following mechanism:Ebola is introduced into the
Answer thisWhat are tDuring the incubation period, which can last from 2 to 21 days, symptoms may include:Sudde
Answer thisWho is at hPersons at an increased risk for Ebola include:Travelers to an area of the world where Ebola o
Answer thisWhen to seA person should seek urgent medical care when:Has traveled to Africa Has been in an area kn
Answer thisWhat to expAs many as 90% of patients die from the disease. Patients usually die from shock rather than b
Answer thisWhat are tA liver cyst may produce no symptoms for 10 - 20 years until it is large enough to be felt by ph
Answer thisWhat causeEchinococcus is common in:Africa Central Asia Southern South America The Mediterranean Th
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include being exposed to:Cattle Deer Feces of dogs, wolves, or coyotes Pigs Sheep
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of this disorder.
Answer thisWhat to expIf the cysts respond to oral medication, the likely outcome is good.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of eclampsia include:Muscle aches and pains Seizures Severe agitation Unconsciou
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of eclampsia is not well understood. Researchers believe the following may play a r
Answer thisWho is at hWomen at high risk for seizures have severe preeclampsia and:Abnormal blood tests Headach
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider or go to the emergency room if you have any symptoms of ecla
Answer thisWhat to expWomen in the United States rarely die from eclampsia.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Abnormal vaginal bleeding Amenorrhea Breast tenderness Low back pain M
Answer thisWhat causeAn ectopic pregnancy occurs when a pregnancy starts outside the womb (uterus). The most co
Answer thisWho is at hThe following may also increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy:Age over 35 Having had many se
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have symptoms of ectopic pregnancy (especially lower abdominal pain or abnormal vag
Answer thisWhat to expOne-third of women who have had one ectopic pregnancy are later able to have a baby. A rep
Answer thisWhat are tClenched hands Crossed legs (preferred position) Feet with a rounded bottom (rocker-bottom
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider and genetic counselor if you have had a child with Trisomy 18 a
Answer thisWhat to exFifty percent of infants with this condition do not survive beyond the first week of life. Some c
Answer thisWhat are Symptoms include shortness of breath on exertion, and an expanded chest. Signs of emphyse
Answer thisWhat causThe most common cause is cigarette smoking.
Answer thisWho is at Patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1AD) are more likely to suffer from emphysema
Answer thisWhen to sePatients who think they may have contracted the disease are recommended to seek medical a
Answer thisWhat to exEmphysema is an irreversible degenerative condition, but its progression can be slowed if the
Answer thisWhat are tOften, there are no symptoms or loss of pituitary function.Patients with empty sella syndrome
Answer thisWhat causeThe pituitary gland is a small gland located at the base of the brain. It sits in a saddle-like comp
Answer thisWho is at hEmpty sella syndrome may be seen in a condition called pseudotumor cerebri. This is a conditi
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if you develop symptoms of abnormal pituitary function, su
Answer thisWhat to exPrimary empty sella syndrome does not cause health problems, and it does not affect life expe
Answer thisWhat are Chest pain, which worsens when you breathe in deeply (pleurisy) Dry cough Excessive sweatin
Answer thisWhat causEmpyema is usually caused by an infection that spreads from the lung. It leads to a buildup of
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of empyema.
Answer thisWhat to exWhen empyema complicates pneumonia, the risk of permanent lung damage and death goes
Answer thisWhat are tSome patients may have symptoms of a cold or stomach infection before encephalitis sympto
Answer thisWhat causeEncephalitis is a rare condition. It occurs more often in the first year of life and decreases with
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have:Sudd
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome varies. Some cases are mild and short, and the person fully recovers. Other case
Answer thisWhat are tInability to retain feces (bowel incontinence) Passing stool in inappropriate places (generally i
Answer thisWhat causeEncopresis is frequently associated with constipation and fecal impaction. Often, hard fecal m
Answer thisWho is at hThe following may increase the risk for encopresis:Being male Chronic constipation Low socio
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if this behavior is noted in a child over
Answer thisWhat to expMost children respond to treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of endodermal sinus tumor include abdominal distention, acute/sub acute abd
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is good with treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tPossible signs of endometrial cancer include unusual vaginal discharge, pain in the pelvis, blee
Answer thisWho is at hEndometrial cancer usually occurs in women after menopause, and affects more white wome
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have abnormal vaginal bleeding
Answer thisWhat to expEndometrial cancer is usually diagnosed at an early stage. The 1-year survival rate is about 92%
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal distention or swelling Abnormal vaginal bleeding Abnormal vaginal discharge Disco
Answer thisWhat causeEndometritis is caused by infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, or mixtures o
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of endometritis.
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases of endometritis go away with antibiotics.Untreated endometritis can lead to more
Answer thisWhat are tItching around the anus Difficulty sleeping due to the itching that occurs during the night Irrita
Answer thisWhat causeEnterobiasis is caused by pinworms. Pinworms are the most common worm infection in the U
Answer thisWho is at hChildren are at increased risk of having pinworm
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You or your child has symptoms of p
Answer thisWhat to expPinworm infection is fully treatable.
Answer thisWhat are tSome of the symptoms of EATL include: Abdominal pain Diarrhea Unexpected weight loss Skin
Answer thisWhat causeThere aren't sufficient studies regarding causes of Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, in
Answer thisWho is at hEnteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma type I is more common among those diagnosed with
Answer thisWhen to sePatients who suffer from malabsorption, unintentional weight loss, diarrhea, fever, night swea
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is very poor and the tumor is very aggressive in nature.
Answer thisWhat are tMost people who are infected with enterovirus 68 only develop mild disease. Symptoms may
Answer thisWhat are tEnterovirus 68, or HEV-D68, is the organism responsible for Enterovirus 68 infection.The ente
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone can get infected with enterovirus 68. But infants, children, and teenagers are more lik
Answer thisWhen to seIf you are concerned about your symptoms or those of a family member, you should consider
Answer thisWhere to FDirections to Hospitals Treating Enterovirus 68 Infection
Answer thisWhat to expMost persons with enterovirus 68 infection recover fully without any long-term health proble
Answer thisWhat are Symptoms of ependymoma include:Headache Nausea Vomiting Blurry or double vision Drows
Answer thisWhat causThere are no established causes for ependymoma.
Answer thisWho is at Children with certain hereditary diseases, such as neurofibromatosis type II (NF2), Turcot synd
Answer thisWhat are tEpididymoorchitis may begin with a low-grade fever, chills, and a heavy sensation in the testic
Answer thisWhat causeIsolated epididymitis is usually caused by the spread of a bacterial infection from the urethra o
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for sexually transmitted epididymoorchitis include:High-risk sexual behaviors Mul
Answer thisWhen to seAll testicle abnormalities should be medically evaluated. Call the local emergency number (suc
Answer thisWhat to expGetting the right diagnosis and treatment for epididymoorchitis caused by bacteria can usually
Answer thisWhat are tA health care provider should be consulted for any head injury that results in even a brief loss
Answer thisWhat causAn extradural hemorrhage is often caused by a skull fracture during childhood or adolescence
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call 911 if symptoms of extradural hemorrhage occur.Spinal inju
Answer thisWhat to exAn extradural hemorrhage has a high risk of death without prompt surgical intervention. Even
Answer thisWhat are tEpiglottitis begins with a high fever and sore throat. Other symptoms may include:Abnormal b
Answer thisWhat causesEpiglottitis is a life-threatening disease. The epiglottis is a piece of cartilage at the back of the
Answer thisWho is at hiSince epiglottitis is contagious, anyone around a person with epiglottitis is at risk.
Answer thisWhen to seeCall the local emergency number (such as 911) if your child has symptoms of epiglottitis, inclu
Answer thisWhat to expEpiglottitis can be a life-threatening emergency. However, with proper treatment, the outcom
Answer thisWhat are thBecause there are so many types of E. coli, you can become infected and show symptoms man
Answer thisWhat causesThe main bacteria that cause gastroenteritis used to be called Escherichia coli (E. coli). Althoug
Answer thisWhat are tEarly stages of esophageal cancer do not display any recognizable symptoms. As the malignan
Answer thisWhat causeEsophageal cancer is not very common in the United States. It occurs most often in men over
Answer thisWho is at hStudies have found a number of factors that may increase the risk of esophageal cancer. Thes
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of esophageal cancer develop. If you are experienc
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of esophageal cancer depends on the following:The size and location of the tum
Answer thisWhat are tEsophageal candidiasis causes difficult and painful swallowing especially in patients whom imm
Answer thisWhat causeEsophageal candidiasis is caused by forms of a fungus called Candida. A small amount of this f
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who have HIV or who had organ transplant are at highest risk of having esophageal can
Answer thisWhat to expEsophageal candidiasis usually responds to antifungal treatment but due to decreased immun
Answer thisWhat are tThe infection or irritation may cause the esophagus to become inflamed. Ulcers may form. Sym
Answer thisWhat causeEsophagitis is frequently caused by the backflow of acid-containing fluid from the stomach to
Answer thisWho is at hThe following increase your risk of esophagitis:Alcohol use Cigarette smoking Surgery or radia
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of esophagitis.
Answer thisWhat to expThe disorders that cause esophagitis usually respond to treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include any of the following:Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, respirato
Answer thisWhat causePrimary thrombocythemia is caused by the overproduction of platelets. If untreated, this cond
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have unexplained bleeding that continues longer than it s
Answer thisWhat to expWhile outcomes can vary, most people can go for long periods without complications and hav
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of carriers are as follows:Breathlessness Feeling faint Shooting pains Faster heart r
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Evans syndrome develop.
Answer thisWhat are Soaking night sweats Swollen, painless lymph nodes in the neck, armpits or groin Unexplained
Answer thisWhat causNon-Hodgkin lymphomas begin when a type of white blood cell, called a T cell or B cell, becom
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factor is anything that changes your chance of getting a disease like cancer. Different canc
Answer thisWhat are tDamaged nerve leads to facial muscle paralysis. Patients with facial nerve paralysis may show
Answer thisWho is at hTrauma: such as skull base fractures, facial injuries, or surgical trauma. Nervous system diseas
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you find any signs of facial nerve paralysis. Early treatment is
Answer thisWhat to expThe pragnosis of facial nerve paralysis varies from person to person. It depends on:The underl
Answer thisWhat are tInfants or children who fail to thrive have a height, weight, and head circumference that do no
Answer thisWhat causesInfants or children that fail to thrive seem to be dramatically smaller or shorter than other chi
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if your child does not seem to be deve
Answer thisWhat to expIf the period of failure to thrive has been short, and the cause is determined and can be corre
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually begin between the ages of 5 and 15. Inflammation in the lining of the abdo
Answer thisWhat are tFamilial Mediterranean fever is most often caused by a mutation in the MEFV gene. This gene
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child develop symptoms of this condition.
Answer thisWhat to expThere is no known cure for familial Mediterranean fever. Most people continue to have attack
Answer thisWhat are tThere is usually a latent period of 24 to 72 hours between injury and onset. The onset is then
Answer thisWho is at Blunt trauma Acute pancreatitis Diabetes mellitus Burns Fractures Joint reconstruction Liposu
Answer thisWhen to seFat embolism syndrome is a severe condition. The onset is sudden. If you experience blunt tra
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of fat embolism syndrome depends on:Underlying medical problems Patient's gene
Answer thisWhat are tThere are usually no symptoms that are noticeable to the patient with fatty liver. They often le
Answer thisWho is at riOverweight (body mass index of 25-30) Obesity Diabetes High triglycerides Alcohol abuse Rap
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if symptoms of fatty liver develop.
Answer thisWhat to expSteatosis may be reversible with weight loss and/or stopping alcohol abuse. The prognosis of
Answer thisWhat are tA baby with fetal alcohol syndrome may have the following symptoms:Poor growth while the
Answer thisWhat causeUsing or abusing alcohol during pregnancy can cause the same risks as using alcohol in genera
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you are drinking alcohol regularly or
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome for infants with fetal alcohol syndrome varies depending on the extent of sympt
Answer thisWhat are tSome women with fibroids have no symptoms, or have only mild symptom s, while other wom
Answer thisWhat Cause The exact cause of these tumors is unknown. Mutations in FOXL2, DICER1, STK11 are involved
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of fibroma s is related to several factors. It is
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of fibroma develop. If you experience either of the
Answer thisHow are fi Treatment depends on fibroid size, symptoms, and other factors. Asymptomatic fibroids may
Answer thisWhere to fDirections to Hospitals Treating Ovarian cancer
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of fibroma depends on the following:Whether or not the tumor can be remove
Answer thisWhat are tCharacteristic red cheeks Red, lacy rash, often found on arms and legs Arthritis in older patien
Answer thisWhat causeFifth disease is caused by infection with human parvovirus B19. This virus infects only humans
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone can get Fifth disease. Once anyone has had it, they become immunized against the vir
Answer thisWhen to seFifth disease is usually a mild illness that resolves on its own among children and adults who a
Answer thisWhat to expPatient generally recover fully from the illness.
Answer thisWhat are tIt can be asymptomatic. Elephantiasis (frequently in the lower extremities) Scrotal swelling Co
Answer thisWhat causesFilariasis is caused by parasitic organisms called nematodes or round worms. They include:Bru
Answer thisWho is at hiRepeated mosquito bites over several months to years are needed to get lymphatic filariasis. P
Answer thisWhen to seeYou should seek medical care when you experience the symptoms of the filariasis as: Filarial f
Answer thisWhat to expEarly cases has good prognosis. Disease can leave an individual severely disabled with genital
Answer thisWhat are tFolic acid deficiency may cause:Diarrhea Gray hair Mouth ulcers Peptic ulcer Poor growth Swo
Answer thisWhat causeFolic acid works along with vitamin B12 and vitamin C to help the body break down, use, and c
Answer thisWhat are tEarly follicular thyroid cancer does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people
Answer thisWhat causesPeople who have had radiation therapy to the neck are at higher risk. People who received ra
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data have suggested that the development of follicular thyroid cancer is related to sev
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if symptoms of thyroid cancer develop.
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of follicular thyroid cancer depends on the following:The stage of the cancer: th
Answer thisWhat are tThe incubation period for foot-and-mouth disease virus has a range between 2 and 12 days.Th
Answer thisWhat causeHumans can be infected with foot-and-mouth disease through contact with infected animals,
Answer thisWhat are tAs gallstones move into the bile ducts and create blockage, pressure increases in the gallbladd
Answer thisWho is at hPeople at risk for gallstones include:Women—especially women who are pregnant, use hormo
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek urgent medical care if you experience any of the above symptoms associated
Answer thisWhat to expGallstones develop in many people without causing symptoms. The chance of symptoms or co
Answer thisWhat are tGas gangrene causes very painful swelling. The skin turns pale to brownish-red. If you press on
Answer thisWhat causeGas gangrene is rare in the United States. The condition is most often caused by a bacteria cal
Answer thisWhen to seThis is an emergency condition requiring immediate medical attention.Call your heath care pr
Answer thisWhat to exGas gangrene usually begins suddenly and quickly gets worse. It is often deadly.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of gastroenteritis include:Abdominal pain Diarrhea Fever and chills Headache Vom
Answer thisWhat causeViral gastroenteritis is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in both adults and children. Many typ
Answer thisWho is at hGastroenteritis can occur in any age group and is seen frequently in both children and adults.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if diarrhea persists for more than several days or if dehydration
Answer thisWhat to expMost infections will go away on their own. Children may become severely ill from dehydration
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms can vary by age, and are affected by the person's social environment. They may inc
Answer thisWhat causePeople with gender identity disorder may act and present themselves as members of the opp
Answer thisWhen to seMake an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of this disorder an
Answer thisWhat to expDiagnosing and treating this disorder early can lead to a better outcome.
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is the constant presence of worry or tension, even when there is little or n
Answer thisWhat causeGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common condition. Genes may play a role. Stress may
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you constantly worry and feel anxious and it interferes with y
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a person does depends on the severity of the condition. GAD may continue and be d
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is the constant presence of worry or tension, even when there is little or n
Answer thisWhat causeGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common condition. Genes may play a role. Stress may
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you constantly worry and feel anxious and it interferes with y
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a person does depends on the severity of the condition. GAD may continue and be d
Answer thisWhat are tGiardia infection can cause a variety of intestinal symptoms, which include:Dehydration Diarrh
Answer thisWhat are thGiardiasis outbreaks can occur in communities in both developed and developing countries w
Answer thisWho is at hThough giardiasis is commonly thought of as a camping or backpacking-related disease and is
Answer thisWhat are tFatigue Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (mild jaundice)Note: Jaundice typically ap
Answer thisWho is at hGilbert's syndrome affects up to 10% of people in some Caucasian populations. The condition
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have jaundice or persistent abdominal pain.
Answer thisWhat to exJaundice may come and go throughout your life, especially during illnesses such as colds. How
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include any of the following:Heavy bleeding during and after surgery Bleeding
Answer thisWhat causeGlanzmann disease is caused by the lack of a protein that is normally on the surface of platele
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have bleeding or bruising of an unknown cause Bleeding
Answer thisWhat to exGlanzmann disease is a lifelong condition, and there is no cure. You should take special steps t
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Glanzmann's thrombasthenia varies from a minor bruise to a life-threatening he
Answer thisWhat causeIn the hereditary type of Glanzmann's thrombasthenia GPIIb/IIIa (ITG αIIbβ3) is qualitative or q
Answer thisWho is at Common risk factors that increase autoantibodies production in acquired Glanzmann thromba
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have a chronic disorder and you
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is generally excellent with good supportive care and the mortality rate of patients w
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of glaucoma vary greatly, depending on the type of disease present.Open-angle gla
Answer thisWhat causThe four major types of glaucoma have their own unique causes. However, before reviewing t
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone can develop glaucoma, however some people are at higher risk than others. The most
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have severe eye pain or a sudden loss of vision, especially
Answer thisWhat to exUntreated glaucoma leads to permanent damage of the optic nerve and resultant visual field l
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of glomerulonephritis are:Blood in the urine (dark, rust-colored, or brown
Answer thisWhat are tGlomerulonephritis may be caused by problems with the body's immune system. Often, the e
Answer thisWho is at hThe following may increase your risk of this condition:Blood or lymphatic system disorders Exp
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have a condition that increases your risk of glomerulonep
Answer thisWhat to expGlomerulonephritis may be temporary and reversible, or it may get worse. Progressive glome
Answer thisWhat are tPersons with this condition do not display any signs of the disease until their red blood cells ar
Answer thisWhat causeG6PD deficiency occurs when a person is missing or doesn't have enough of an enzyme called
Answer thisWho is at You are more likely to develop this condition if you:Are African American Are of Middle Easter
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of this condition
Answer thisWhat to exSpontaneous recovery from a hemolytic episode is the usual outcome.
Answer thisWhat are tNot all goiters cause signs and symptoms. When symptoms do occur they may include:A visibl
Answer thisWho is at hGoiters can affect anyone. Some common risk factors for goiter include:A lack of dietary iodin
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of this disorder. Follow the health care pr
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of goitre depends on the causes of the disease. The outcome of goitre caused by th
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of gout may be sudden and usually start at night.Sudden onset of a hot, red, sw
Answer thisWho is at hHypertension Diabetes Hypercholesterolemia Overweight Alcohol abuse Foods that are rich in
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have gout attacks, go to see your doctor as soon as possible. Early treatment may reliev
Answer thisWhat to expGenerally, the prognpsis of gout is good. It depends on:Whether the patient is treated early W
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of granulocytic sarcoma may include violaceous, raised, nontender plaques or nod
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of granulocytic sarcoma is poor.
Answer thisWhat are tAnxiety Breast enlargement in men Difficulty concentrating Double vision Eyeballs that stick o
Answer thisWhat causeThe thyroid gland is an important organ of the endocrine system. It is located in the front of th
Answer thisWho is at hScientists don’t know exactly why some people develop Graves’ disease, but they believe fact
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of Graves disease. Also call if your eye pro
Answer thisWhat are tAnxious or stressed appearance Blue appearance (cyanosis) Breathing difficulties such as:Grun
Answer thisWhat causeThe term septicemia refers to an infection in the bloodstream that may travel to different bod
Answer thisWho is at hThe following increase an infant's risk for group B streptococcal septicemia:History of giving b
Answer thisWhen to seThis disease is usually diagnosed shortly after birth, often while the baby is still in the hospital
Answer thisWhat to expThis disease can be deadly without prompt treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tAnxious or stressed appearance Blue appearance (cyanosis) Breathing difficulties such as:Grun
Answer thisWhat causeThe term septicemia refers to an infection in the bloodstream that may travel to different bod
Answer thisWhen to seThis disease is usually diagnosed shortly after birth, often while the baby is still in the hospital
Answer thisWhat to exThis disease can be deadly without prompt treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tIn the past, people thought growth hormone deficiency may affect only in children. Until rece
Answer thisWho is at Mutations of specific genes Congenital dysfunction of hypothalamus or pituitary Any damage
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider to identify the cause of growth hormone deficiency if your child
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of growth hormone deficiency depends on:When to start to treat the children: The
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Guillain-Barré can get worse very quickly. It may take only a few hours to reach
Answer thisWhat causeGuillain-Barré syndrome is an autoimmune disorder (the body's immune system attacks itself)
Answer thisWho is at An estimated 3,000 to 6,000 people, or 1-2 cases for every 100,000 people, develop GBS each
Answer thisWhen to seSeek immediate medical help if you have any of the following symptoms:Can't take a deep bre
Answer thisWhat to exRecovery can take weeks or years. Most people survive and recover completely. According to
Answer thisWhat are tHaemophilus influenzae, including Hib, disease causes different symptoms depending on whic
Answer thisWhat are tHaemophilus influenzae disease is caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae. There ar
Answer thisWhat are tEasy bruising or bleeding Excessive sweating (especially at night) Fatigue Feeling full after eati
Answer thisWhat causeHCL is caused by the abnormal growth of B cells. The cells look "hairy" under the microscope b
Answer thisWhat to expMore recent chemotherapy treatments have greatly improved the survival of patients with ha
Answer thisWhat causeThere are many causes of hallucinations, including:Being drunk or high, or coming down from
Answer thisWhen to seA person who begins to hallucinate and is detached from reality should get checked by a healt
Answer thisWhat are Symptoms depend upon the site of the lesion and they may present at any time from birth to
Answer thisWhat causHamartomas result from an abnormal formation of normal tissue, although the underlying rea
Answer thisWho is at People with family history of a hamartomatous syndrome, such as Cowden's disease, tuberou
Answer thisWhen to seAsk your doctor about the risks of a biopsy versus monitoring the size of the hamartoma with
Answer thisWhat to exHamartomas are generally benign, they can cause problems due to their location.
Answer thisWhat are tMany people with Hashimoto’s disease have no symptoms at first. As the disease slowly progr
Answer thisWhat are thChronic thyroiditis or Hashimoto's disease is a common thyroid gland disorder. It can occur at
Answer thisWho is at hHashimoto’s disease is about seven times more common in women than men. Although it ofte
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:A lump or sore that does not heal A sore throat that does not go away Trou
Answer thisWho is at hTobacco (including smokeless tobacco, sometimes called “chewing tobacco” or “snuff”) and a
Answer thisWhen to seSince cancers are capable of spreading to other parts of the body, it is crucial to see a doctor r
Answer thisWhat to exAlthough early-stage head and neck cancers (especially laryngeal and oral cavity) have high cu
Answer thisWhat are tFatigue or feeling unwell Fluid retention and excess weight gain Headache Nausea and vomitin
Answer thisWhat causA cause for HELLP syndrome has not been found.HELLP syndrome occurs in about 1 to 2 out o
Answer thisWhen to seIf symptoms of HELLP syndrome occur during pregnancy:See your obstetrician immediately Ca
Answer thisWhat to exWhen the disease is not treated early, up to 1 out of 4 women develop serious complications.
Answer thisWhat are Hemochromatosis can have a variety of symptoms and symptoms may be different for men an
Answer thisWhat causThe amount of iron the human body absorbs is controlled by many genes. Genes can sometim
Answer thisWho is at People who inherit the HFE gene mutation from both parents are at the greatest risk for deve
Answer thisWhen to seIf you think you have symptoms like those of hemochromatosis or if you have a close blood re
Answer thisWhat to exIf the disease is recognized before any organ damage has occurred, one can expect to live a no
Answer thisWhat are tChills Dark urine Enlarged spleen Fatigue Fever Pale skin color (pallor) Rapid heart rate Shortn
Answer thisWhat causeHemolytic anemia occurs when the bone marrow is unable to increase production to make up
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of hemolytic
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome depends on the type and cause of hemolytic anemia.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms in a newborn baby may include:Anemia Edema (swelling under the surface of the s
Answer thisWhat causeErythroblastosis fetalis develops in an unborn infant when the mother and baby have differen
Answer thisWhat to exThe severity of this condition can vary widely.In some instances, the baby has no symptoms o
Answer thisWhat are tHUS often begins with vomiting and diarrhea, which may be bloody. Within a week, the perso
Answer thisWhat causeHemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) often occurs after a gastrointestinal infection with E. coli b
Answer thisWho is at HUS is most common in children. It is the most common cause of acute kidney failure in childr
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of HUS. Emergency symptoms include
Answer thisWhat to exThis is a serious illness in both children and adults, and it can cause death. With proper treatm
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom of hemophilia is bleeding. Mild cases may go unnoticed until later in life, w
Answer thisWhat causeWhen you bleed, the body launches a series of reactions that help the blood clot. This is called
Answer thisWhat to exMany people with hemophilia are able to lead pretty normal lives. However, some patients ha
Answer thisWhat are tThe severity of symptoms vary. Bleeding is the main symptom of the disease and sometimes,
Answer thisWhat causeHemophilia A is caused by an inherited X-linked recessive trait, with the defective gene locate
Answer thisWho is at rRisk factors for hemophilia A include:Family history of bleeding Being male
Answer thisHow to knoIf the patient is the first person in the family to have a suspected bleeding disorder, he or she
Answer thisWhat are tThe severity of symptoms can vary, and the severe forms become apparent early on.Bleeding
Answer thisWhat causeHemophilia B is caused by an inherited X-linked recessive trait, with the defective gene locate
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for hemophilia B include:Family history of bleeding Being male
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Symptoms of a bleeding disorder develop A family member h
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually good with treatment. Most people with hemophilia are able to lead re
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms many begin slowly and gradually worsen, or they may begin suddenly and be sever
Answer thisWhat causeHepatic encephalopathy is caused by disorders that affect the liver. These include disorders th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if any change in mental state or other nervous system problem
Answer thisWhat to exAcute hepatic encephalopathy may be treatable. Chronic forms of the disorder often keep getti
Answer thisWhat are tSome hemangiomas may cause bleeding or interfere with organ function, depending on their
Answer thisWhat causA hepatic hemangioma is the most common noncancerous tumor of the liver. It is believed to
Answer thisWhat to exIn infants whose tumor is only in one lobe of the liver, surgery is a cure, even if the child has h
Answer thisWhat are tHepatitis may start and get better quickly (acute hepatitis), or cause long-term disease (chron
Answer thisWhat causeHepatitis can be caused by:Immune cells in the body attacking the liver and causing autoimmu
Answer thisWho is at hHepatitis can occur in patients of any age group. The risk varies from one type of hepatitis to a
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek your healthcare provider if you experience some of the symptoms described
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis varies from one type of hepatitis to another. For more information on Outlook/
Answer thisWhat are tHepatitis A virus has an incubation period of about 28 days (anywhere from 15 to 50 is usual).
Answer thisWhat causeHepatitis A is caused by the hepatitis A virus. The hepatitis A virus is transmitted primarily by t
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone who has not been vaccinated or previously infected can contract hepatitis A. In areas
Answer thisWhen to seOne should report any symptoms and concerns to one's doctor, who can preform a blood test
Answer thisWhat to expFor most patients, HAV will go away on its own after several weeks. Hepatitis A infection can c
Answer thisWhat are tMost people do not experience any symptoms during the acute infection phase. After first bec
Answer thisWhat causeHepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV).In highly endemic areas, HBV is most comm
Answer thisWho is at hThe likelihood that infection with the hepatitis B virus becomes chronic depends upon the age
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of hepatitis B Hepatitis B symptoms d
Answer thisWhat to expThe acute illness usually goes away after 2 - 3 weeks. The liver usually returns to normal withi
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain is the most common presenting symptom in some patients, and the pain is us
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes of hepatocellular adenoma include; Oral contraceptive medications The causal rela
Answer thisWho is at hThe most important risk factor in the development of hepatocellular adenoma is use of oral co
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis is usually good for hepatocellular adenoma. When diagnosed, the discontinuati
Answer thisWhat are tFatigue Shortness of breath Yellow skin and eyes (jaundice): may persist for a long time in a ne
Answer thisWhat causesElliptocytosis affects about 1 in every 2,500 people of northern European heritage. It is more c
Answer thisWho is at hYou are more likely to develop this condition if someone in your family has had it.
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have jaundice that doesn't go aw
Answer thisWhat to expMost persons with hereditary elliptocytosis have no problems, and are unaware of their cond
Answer thisWhat are tInfants may have yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice) and pale coloring (pallor).Other sym
Answer thisWhat causeThis disorder is caused by a defective gene. The defect results in an abnormal red blood cell m
Answer thisWho is at hHaving a family history of spherocytosis increases the risk for this disorder.This disorder is mo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider for an appointment if your symptoms get worse, do not improv
Answer thisWhat to expThis outcome is usually good with treatment. After the spleen is removed, the life span of the
Answer thisWhat are tMost often there are no symptoms. However, sometimes there may be discomfort or pain. Th
Answer thisWhat causeUsually, there is no obvious cause of a hernia. Sometimes hernias occur with heavy lifting. Her
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor right away if:You have a painful hernia and the contents cannot be pushed ba
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually good with treatment. Recurrence is rare (1-3%).
Answer thisWhat are tIn most patients, hiatus hernias cause no symptoms. When symptoms occur, they usually exp
Answer thisWho is at rOld people: Muscle weakening and loss of elasticity as people age. Pregnacy: Intra-abdominal
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of hiatus hernia develop. If you experience either o
Answer thisWhat to expMost patients with hiatus hernias can be treated well. The prognosis of hiatus hernia depends
Answer thisWhat are tConstipation Failure to pass a first stool within 24-48 hours after birth Malabsorption Poor we
Answer thisWhat are tMuscle contractions in the gut help digested materials move through the intestine. This is call
Answer thisWho is at rRisk Factors include:Gender (i.e., higher risk in males than females) Congenital condition (e.g.,
Answer thisWhen to seCall your child's health care provider if symptoms of Hirschsprung's disease developed.Call yo
Answer thisWhat to exSymptoms became improved or eliminated in most children after surgical treatment. A better
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with this disorder are usually able to function at a high level and can be successful soci
Answer thisWhat causesThe cause of this disorder is unknown. Both genes and early childhood events are thought to c
Answer thisWhen to seeDirections to Hospitals Treating Histrionic personality disorder
Answer thisWhat to expHistrionic personality disorder can improve with psychotherapy and sometimes medications.
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of infections that do not normally develop in in
Answer thisWhat causeAnyone can get HIV. The most important thing to know is how you can get the virus. You can g
Answer thisWho is at hPersons who are practicing unsafe sexual behavior(unprotected), drug addicts. Sexual partner
Answer thisWhen to seSince HIV weakens the immune system, people with AIDS should consult a doctor and get test
Answer thisWhat to expRight now, there is no cure for AIDS. It is always fatal if no treatment is provided. In the US, m
Answer thisWhat are tFatigue Fever and chills that come and go Itching all over the body that cannot be explained Lo
Answer thisWho is at Clinical data has suggested that the development of Hodgkin's lymphoma is related to several
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Hodgkin's lymphoma develop. If you experience
Answer thisWhat to exHodgkin's disease is considered one of the most curable forms of cancer, especially if it is diag
Answer thisWhat are tNewborn infants appear healthy. Early symptoms, if present at all, are not obvious.Symptoms
Answer thisWhat causeHomocystinuria is inherited in families as an autosomal recessive trait. This means that the ch
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or a family member shows symptoms of this disorder, par
Answer thisWhat to exAlthough no cure exists for homocystinuria, vitamin B6 therapy can help about half of people
Answer thisWhat are tIn an elderly person, the first sign of hospital-acquired pneumonia may be mental changes or
Answer thisWhat causePneumonia is a common illness. It is caused by many different germs. Hospital-acquired pneu
Answer thisWhat to exHospital-acquired pneumonia can be a life-threatening illness. Long-term lung damage may oc
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms vary and differ with age. They usually appear 4 - 6 days after coming in contact with
Answer thisWhat causeRSV is the most common germ that causes lung and airway infections in infants and young chi
Answer thisWho is at hThe following increase the risk for RSV:Attending day care Being near tobacco smoke Having s
Answer thisWhen to seRefer to a health professional in case you think you are developing symptoms of the illness.
Answer thisWhat to expRarely, RSV infection can cause death in infants. However, this is unlikely if the child is seen by
Answer thisWhat are tBehavior changes may occur before movement problems, and can include:Antisocial behavior
Answer thisWhat causeAmerican doctor George Huntington first described the disorder in 1872.Huntington's disease
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of this disorder.
Answer thisWhat to exHuntington's disease causes disability that gets worse over time.Persons with this disease usu
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal growth of the womb (uterus):Excessive growth in about half of cases Smaller-than-e
Answer thisWhat to exMore than 80% of hydatidiform moles are benign (noncancerous). The outcome after treatme
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is a painless, swollen testicle, which feels like a water balloon. A hydrocele
Answer thisWhat causeHydroceles are common in newborn infants. During normal development, the testicles descen
Answer thisWho is at hMost hydroceles are present at birth (congenital). Otherwise, the condition generally affects m
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of hydrocele (to
Answer thisWhat to expGenerally, a simple hydrocele goes away without surgery. If surgery is necessary, it is a simple
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Hydrocephalus can vary from person to person and usually depend on age, seve
Answer thisWhat are tThere is a layer of fluid called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that surrounds the brain and spinal cor
Answer thisWho is at hPremature babies are often at higher risk.
Answer thisWhen to seSeek medical attention IMMEDIATELY if you suspect hydrocephalus or see any of the signs or
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is poor if Hydrocephalus is left untreated and usually results in death. Prognosis is a
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the severity of the condition.Mild forms may cause:Liver swelling Chang
Answer thisWhat causeThere are two types of hydrops fetalis: Immune and nonimmune. The exact cause depends on
Answer thisWhat to expHydrops fetalis often results in death of the infant shortly before or after delivery.The risk is h
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms occur only with heavy infections. Symptoms include:Diarrhea Gastrointestinal disco
Answer thisWhat causeHymenolepis live in warm climates and are common in the southern United States. Insects ea
Answer thisWho is at hHymenolepis infections used to be common in the southeastern United States, in crowded en
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if chronic diarrhea or abdominal cramping are present.
Answer thisWhat to expExpect full recovery following treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tSevere, persistent nausea during pregnancy, often leads to weight loss Lightheadedness or fai
Answer thisWhat causeNearly all women have some nausea or vomiting, or morning sickness, particularly during the
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you are pregnant and have severe nausea and vomiting.
Answer thisWhat to exNausea and vomiting usually peaks between 2 and 12 weeks of pregnancy and goes away by t
Answer thisWhat are tInsulin may decrease your blood sugar. Patients with hyperinsulinism may show symptoms as
Answer thisWho is at hPancreatic insulinoma: An insulinoma is a tumor in the pancreas which is an organ in the abdo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of hyperinsulinism develop. If you experience eithe
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of hyperinsulin depends on the cause of the disease. Outcomes from benign insulin
Answer thisWhat are tAching eyes Blurred vision of close objects Crossed eyes (strabismus) in some children Eye stra
Answer thisWhat causeFarsightedness is the result of the visual image being focused behind the retina rather than di
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider or ophthalmologist if symptoms of fars
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is expected to be good.
Answer thisWhat are tBack pain Blurred vision (because of cataracts) Bone pain or tenderness Decreased height Dep
Answer thisWhat causeThe parathyroid glands are located in the neck, near or attached to the back side of the thyroi
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of hyperparathy
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook depends on the specific type of hyperparathyroidism.
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms of hyperpituitarism are the excessive production of growth hormone and
Answer thisWho is at hPituitary tumor Carcinoid tumors
Answer thisWhen to seIf you develop signs and symptoms associated with hyperpituitarism, see your doctor to deter
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of hyperpituitariam depends on the hormone level affected.Whether the patient ha
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms result from abnormal secretion of prolactin and the pressure of the tumo
Answer thisWho is at rProlactinoma Pituitary tumors Hypothyroidism Sarcoidosis Chronic renal failure Polycystic ova
Answer thisHow to knoBlood hormone test: In patients with hyperprolactinaemia, it may demonstrate elevated prola
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any symptoms of hyperprolactinaemia.
Answer thisWhat to exMost hyperprolactinaemia have good outcomes with medication.
Answer thisWhat are tYou may not notice any symptoms. People with the condition may have coronary artery disea
Answer thisWhat causeFamilial hypertriglyceridemia is caused by a genetic defect, which is passed on in an autosoma
Answer thisWho is at hFamily members with history of hypertriglyceridemia are at increased risk of having the condi
Answer thisWhen to seYou may not notice any symptoms. People with the condition may have coronary artery disea
Answer thisWhat to expPersons with this condition have an increased risk of coronary artery disease and pancreatitis.
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include: Chronic fatigue Low blood pressure Ligh
Answer thisWhat CausCommon cause of hypoaldosteronism include disorders of kidney and adrenal glands. Some d
Answer thisWho is at Common risk factors in the development of hypoaldosteronism include: Diabetes mellitus Sic
Answer thisWhen to seIt is important to seek medical care if you show signs of any of the symptoms associated with
Answer thisWhere to fMedical care for (disease name) can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to exDepending on the extent of the blood potassium level and underlying kidney or adrenal gland
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with hypochondria are unable to control their fears and worries. They often believe an
Answer thisWhat causePeople with hypochondria are overly focused on their physical health. They have an unrealisti
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child has symptoms of hypochondria.
Answer thisWhat to expThe disorder is usually long-term (chronic), unless psychological factors or mood and anxiety d
Answer thisWhat are Signs and symptoms depend on the cause.In female:Loss of menstruation and breast develop
Answer thisWho is at Certain autoimmune disorders in sex glands Genetic disorders, such as Turner syndrome, Kline
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have any signs and symptoms of hypogonadism, call your health care provider to identif
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of hypogonadism depends on the cause. Many patients have a good prognosis after
Answer thisHow do I kSigns and symptoms of hypoparathyroidism include:Paresthesias in the fingertips, toes and lip
Answer thisWho is at Damage to the parathyroid glands after a neck or head surgery Radiation therapy of face or ne
Answer thisHow to knoBlood tests: Patients with hypoparathyroidism may indicate signs, such as low levels of blood
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of hypoparathyroidism develop. If you experience
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of hypoparathyroidism depends on whether the patient is diagnosed and treated ea
Answer thisWhat are Bone pain Confusion Muscle weakness
Answer thisWhat causThe following may cause hypophosphatemia, including:AlcoholismAntacidsCertain medicines
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have muscle weakness or confusion.
Answer thisWhat to exHow well you do depends on what is causing the condition.
Answer thisWhat are tThe condition varies in severity. In most cases, the opening of the urethra is located near the ti
Answer thisWhat causeSome cases are passed down through families. In other cases the cause is unknown.
Answer thisWho is at hHypospadias affects up to 4 in 1,000 newborn boys. It runs in families in some cases.
Answer thisWhen to seTypically a child is diagnosed with hypospadias shortly after birth. Call your health care provid
Answer thisWhat to exResults after surgery are typically good. In some cases, more surgery is needed to correct fistu
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms of hypothyroidism varies from person to person. Usual symptoms are the
Answer thisWho is at hHashimoto’s disease Thyroiditis Congenital hypothyroidism Surgical removal of part or all of th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of hypothyroidism appear. If you experience either
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of hypothyroidism depends on:Whether the patient is treated or not. In most cases
Answer thisWhat are tBlurred vision Buzzing sound in the ears (tinnitus) Dizziness Double vision (diplopia) Nausea Vi
Answer thisWho is at hThe condition occurs more often in women than men, especially in obese women who are abo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child experiences the symptoms listed above.
Answer thisWhat to expSometimes the condition disappears on its own within 6 months. About 10-20% of persons ha
Answer thisWhat are tChest pain (occasionally) Cough (usually dry) Decreased tolerance for activity Shortness of bre
Answer thisWhat causeNo one knows what causes pulmonary fibrosis or why some people get it. It causes the lungs t
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop a regular cough or short
Answer thisWhat to expSome patients may improve when they are treated with corticosteroids or cytotoxic drugs, bu
Answer thisWhat are tThere may be no symptoms for many years.Symptoms include:Bloody urine that starts during
Answer thisWhat causeIgA is a protein that helps the body fight infections. IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) occurs
Answer thisWho is at hIgA nephropathy can occur in persons of all ages, but most often affects males in their teens t
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have bloody urine or if your urine output decreases.
Answer thisWhat to exIgA nephropathy progresses slowly. In many cases, it does not progress at all. High blood pres
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal swelling (distention) Abdominal fullness, gas Abdominal pain and cramping Breath
Answer thisWhat are thIleus may due to:Paralytic ileus, also called pseudo-obstruction, is one of the major causes in i
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you:Cannot pass stool or gas Have a swollen abdomen (disten
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on the cause of the ileus. Most of the time the cause is easily treated.
Answer thisWhat are tDark urine Fatigue Pale (pallor) or yellow (jaundice) skin color Rapid heart rate Shortness of br
Answer thisWhat causImmune hemolytic anemia occurs when antibodies form against the body's own red blood cel
Answer thisWho is at Risk factors are related to the causes.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have unexplained fatigue or chest pain, or signs of infecti
Answer thisWhat to exThe disease may start quickly and be very serious, or it may remain mild and not need specific
Answer thisWhat are tBreathing stops or slows Constipation Eyelids sag or partially close Infant appears floppy Infan
Answer thisWhat causeClostridium botulinum is a spore-forming organism that is common in nature. The spores may
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include swallowing honey as a baby, being around contaminated soil, and having l
Answer thisWhen to seSince infant botulism can be life threatening, go to the emergency room or call the local emer
Answer thisWhat to expFull recovery is expected with early recognition and supportive treatment.Death or permanen
Answer thisWhat are tThe infant is usually large for gestational age.Other symptoms may include:Blue or patchy (mo
Answer thisWhat causeHigh blood sugar levels in pregnant women often have specific effects on their infants. Infants
Answer thisWhen to seIf you are pregnant and receiving regular prenatal care, routine testing will show if you develo
Answer thisWhat to expBetter control of diabetes and early recognition of gestational diabetes has decreased the num
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms usually appear within minutes of birth, although they may not be seen for seve
Answer thisWhat causeInfant RDS occurs in infants whose lungs have not yet fully developed.The disease is mainly ca
Answer thisWhen to seThis disorder usually develops shortly after birth while the baby is still in the hospital. If you ha
Answer thisWhat to expThe Infant respiratory distress syndrome often worsens for 2 to 4 days after birth with slow im
Answer thisWhat are thThe main symptom of infertility is the inability to become pregnant. Specific symptoms depen
Answer thisWhat causesA wide range of physical and emotional factors can cause infertility. Infertility may be due to p
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you are unable to get pregnant.
Answer thisWhat to expAs many as 1 in 5 couples diagnosed with infertility eventually become pregnant without trea
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of ulcerative colitis include:Abdominal pain and cramping that usually disappears a
Answer thisWhat are tCauses of ulcerative colitis:The cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown. It may affect any age gro
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:Family history of Crohn's disease Family history of ulcerative colitis Jewish
Answer thisWhen to seSpeak with your doctor and set up an immediate consultation if you experience any of the sym
Answer thisWhat to exWhile IBD can limit quality of life due to pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and other socially unaccepta
Answer thisWhat are tThe flu usually begins abruptly, with a fever between 102 and 106 °F. (An adult typically has a
Answer thisWhat causeIn temperate climates, influenza A usually arrives between early winter and early spring. Influ
Answer thisWho is at hSince the flu is contagious, anyone around a person with the flu is at risk.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if someone in a high-risk category develops symptoms of the flu
Answer thisWhat to expAnyone at any age can have serious complications from the flu, but those at highest risk includ
Answer thisWhat healtThe flu can also make some health problems worse. These health problems include:Asthma or
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Difficulty falling asleep on most nights Feeling tired during the day or fallin
Answer thisWhat causePrimary insomnia refers to insomnia that is not caused by any known physical or mental cond
Answer thisWhen to seSeek medical attention when insomnia has become a problem.
Answer thisWhat to expA good sleep hygiene usually improves sleep difficulty, but in case it is progressive despite of t
Answer thisWhat are tAnxiety Behavior changes Clouded vision Confusion Convulsions Dizziness Headache Hunger L
Answer thisWhat causeThe pancreas is an organ in the abdomen that makes several enzymes and hormones, includin
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop any symptoms of insulinoma. Convulsions and de
Answer thisWhat to expAs a kind of benign tumor, the prognosis of insulinoma is good. Surgery can cure most patient
Answer thisWhat are thShortness of breath is a key symptom of interstitial lung disease. People may breathe faster o
Answer thisWhat causesThe lungs contain tiny air sacs (alveoli), which is where oxygen is absorbed. These air sacs ope
Answer thisWhen to seeYour breathing is getting harder, faster, or more shallow than before. You cannot get a deep b
Answer thisWhat to expChances of recovery or the disease getting worse depend on the cause, and how severe the di
Answer thisWhat are tA pregnant woman may feel that her baby is as big as it should be.The measurement from the
Answer thisWhat causeMany different things can lead to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).An unborn baby may
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors in the mother that may contribute to IUGR include:Alcohol abuse Clotting disorde
Answer thisWhen to seContact your provider right away if you are pregnant and notice that the baby is moving less t
Answer thisWhat to expAfter delivery, growth and development of the newborn depends on the severity and cause o
Answer thisWhat are tThere may be no symptoms. The most common symptoms seen in premature infants may inc
Answer thisWhat causeInfants born before 30 weeks of pregnancy are at highest risk for such bleeding. The smaller a
Answer thisWhen to seRegular doctor's visits are recommended for several years after being diagnosed with an IVH.
Answer thisWhat to expHow well the infant does depends on the amount of bleeding and if there is brain swelling. Se
Answer thisWhat are tYou may have no symptoms if the anemia is mild.Most of the time, symptoms are mild at first
Answer thisWhat causeIron deficiency anemia is the most common form of Anemia (patient information}|anemia.Re
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have symptoms of this disorder
Answer thisWhat to expWith treatment, the outcome is likely to be good. However, it does depend on the cause. Usu
Answer thisWhat are tIf anemia is mild, there may be no symptoms.Blue-tinged or very pale whites of eyes Blood in
Answer thisWhat causeIron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia. You get iron through certain food
Answer thisWho is at hThe risk of developing iron deficiency anemia is increased in:Infants younger than 12 months w
Answer thisWhat to expWith treatment, the outcome is likely to be good. In most cases, the blood counts will return t
Answer thisWhat causeEveryday, a small number of red blood cells in your body die, and are replaced by new ones. T
Answer thisHow do I kUsual signs and symptoms include:Underdeveloped testicles Lack of development at puberty
Answer thisWho is at Researches have demonstrated gene mutations in the KAL1, FGFR1, PROKR2, and PROK2 caus
Answer thisHow to kn Clinical appearance is the base for the diagnosis of Kallmann syndrome. Hormone tests: Horm
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any signs and symptoms of Kallmann syndrome.
Answer thisWhat to exWith the right hormone treatment, the person can begin puberty and fertility may be recover
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms depend on the stage of kernicterus.Early stage:Extreme jaundice Absent startle
Answer thisWhat causeKernicterus is caused by very high levels of bilirubin. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that is creat
Answer thisWhen to seSeek immediate medical help if your baby has signs of this condition.
Answer thisWhat to expKernicterus is a serious condition. The outcome is guarded. Many infants with late stage nervo
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of perirenal abscess include:Chills Fever Pain in the flank (side of the abdomen) or
Answer thisWhat causeMost perirenal abscesses are caused by urinary tract infections that start in the bladder, sprea
Answer thisWho is at hThe biggest risk factor for perirenal abscess is kidney stones that block the flow of urine and p
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have a history of kidney stones and develop:Abdominal p
Answer thisWhat to expIn general, quick diagnosis and treatment of perirenal abscess should lead to a good outcome
Answer thisWhat are tEarly kidney cancer does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may noti
Answer thisWhat causeWe do not yet know exactly what causes kidney cancer, but we do know that certain risk facto
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of kidney cancer is related to several factors
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of kidney cancer develop. If you experience either
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on:The stage of the cancer: the size of the tumor, whether the cancer h
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is severe pain that starts suddenly and may go away suddenly:Pain may be
Answer thisWhat causeKidney stones can form when urine contains too much of certain substances. These substance
Answer thisWho is at hThe biggest risk factor for kidney stones is dehydration.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of a kidney stone.Also call if symptoms re
Answer thisWhat to expKidney stones are painful but usually can be removed from the body without causing permane
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common symptom is infertility. Other symptoms may include:Abnormal body propo
Answer thisWhat are tHumans have 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes contain all of your genes and DNA, the buildin
Answer thisWho is at hKlinefelter's syndrome is a genetic disorder, so anyone with a family history of the syndrome i
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if a boy does not develop secondary se
Answer thisWhat to exMost patients have a normal, productive life.
Answer thisWhat are tLKS occurs most frequently in normally developing children who are between 3 and 7 years of
Answer thisWhat causeLKS affects the parts of the brain that control comprehension and speech. The disorder usually
Answer thisWhen to seContact your doctor when you observe the above mentioned symptoms in your child.
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis for children with LKS varies. Some affected children may have a permanent sev
Answer thisWhat are tA child with language disorder may have one or two of the symptoms listed below, or many o
Answer thisWhat causeFor most infants and children, language develops naturally beginning at birth. To develop lang
Answer thisWhen to seParents who are concerned that their child's speech or language is delayed should see their pr
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome varies based on the cause. Brain injury or other structural problems generally ha
Answer thisWhat are tGestational age is a measure of the growth and development of the fetus in the uterus and th
Answer thisWhat causeCommon causes of a fetus or infant who is large for gestational age are:Gestational diabetes P
Answer thisHow do I kThe principal feature of Laron syndrome is abnormally short statureShort hands and short fee
Answer thisWho is at Clinical investigations have demonstrated that the cause of Laron syndrome is associated with
Answer thisHow to knoBlood hormone tests, including the level of growth hormone (GH), insulinlike growth factor-1
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child seems delayed growth.
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of Laron syndrome is not bad. Alert hypoglycemia is very important.
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal (high-pitched) breathing sounds Cough Coughing up blood Difficulty swallowing Hoa
Answer thisWhat causePeople who smoke or use tobacco are at risk of developing throat cancer. Excessive alcohol us
Answer thisWho is at hMost cancers of the throat develop in adults older than 50. Men are 10 times more likely than
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of throat cancer, especially hoarseness o
Answer thisWhat to expThroat cancers can be cured in 90% of patients if detected early. If the cancer has spread to su
Answer thisWhat are tFever Hoarseness Swollen lymph nodes or glands in the neck
Answer thisWhat causeThe voice box (larynx) is located at the top of the airway to the lungs (trachea). The larynx con
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:A small child who is not teething has difficulty breathing, swal
Answer thisWhat to expLaryngitis that is not caused by a serious condition should get better.
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal (high-pitched) breathing sounds Cough Coughing up blood Difficulty swallowing Hoa
Answer thisWhat causePeople who smoke or use tobacco are at risk of developing throat cancer. Excessive alcohol us
Answer thisWho is at hMost cancers of the throat develop in adults older than 50. Men are 10 times more likely than
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of throat cancer, especially hoarseness o
Answer thisWhat to exThroat cancers can be cured in 90% of patients if detected early. If the cancer has spread to su
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms tend to get worse during the first 4 - 6 days. They typically improve in another 4 - 5
Answer thisWhat causeThe bacteria that cause Legionnaires' disease have been found in water delivery systems. The
Answer thisWho is at hMost infections occur in middle-aged or older people, although they have been reported in ch
Answer thisWhen to seMake an appointment with your health care provider if you have any type of breathing proble
Answer thisWhat to expLegionnaires' disease can be life-threatening. The death rate is higher in patients with other d
Answer thisWhat are The symptoms of leiomyosarcoma depend on the location of the tumor. For the tumors alway
Answer thisWho is at Clinical data has suggested that the development of leiomyosarcoma is related to radiation ex
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of leiomyosarcoma develop. If you experience eith
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of leiomyosarcoma is poor and it depends on the following:Whether or not the
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms can take 2 to 26 days (average 10 days) to develop, and may include:Dry cough Fev
Answer thisWhat causeThe Leptospira bacteria can be found in fresh water that has been contaminated by animal ur
Answer thisWho is at hOutbreaks of leptospirosis are usually caused by exposure to water contaminated with the uri
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if you have any symptoms of, or risk factors for, leptospiros
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook is generally good. However, a complicated case can be life threatening if it is not
Answer thisWhat are tThe excess uric acid levels cause children to develop gout-like swelling in some of their joints.
Answer thisWhat causLesch-Nyhan syndrome is inherited as an X-linked trait. It mostly occurs in boys. Persons with
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if signs of this illness appear in your child or if there is a history
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome is likely to be poor. Persons with this syndrome usually require assistance walkin
Answer thisWhat are tThe excess uric acid levels cause children to develop gout-like swelling in some of their joints.
Answer thisWhat causLesch-Nyhan syndrome is inherited as an X-linked trait. It mostly occurs in boys. Persons with
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if signs of this illness appear in your child or if there is a history
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome is likely to be poor. Persons with this syndrome usually require assistance walkin
Answer thisWhat are The most common symptoms of pneumonia are:Cough (with some pneumonias you may coug
Answer thisWhat causPneumonia is a common illness that affects millions of people each year in the United States.
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors (conditions that increase your chances of getting pneumonia) include:Cigarette sm
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if you have:Worsening respiratory symptoms Shortness of breath, shaking ch
Answer thisWhat to exWith treatment, most patients will improve within 2 weeks. Elderly or debilitated patients ma
Answer thisWhat are tLiposarcoma is asymtpomatic in intial stage. As it progresses, depending on the location, follo
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of liposarcoma is unknown. Although liposarcoma can arise after a trauma, a benign
Answer thisWho is at hResearch has indicated that liposarcoma can develop due to several factors.Radiation: People
Answer thisHow to knoA physical examination by the doctor is one of the first processes in diagnosing the disease. A
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if any symptoms of liposarcoma develop. If you experience either of the follo
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of liposarcoma is poor and it depends on the following:The patient’s general he
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms vary with the infected person:In infants, symptoms of listeriosis may be seen in
Answer thisWhat Cause You get listeriosis by eating food contaminated with Listeria. Babies can be born with listerios
Answer thisWho is at hiVegetables, meats, and other foods you eat can get infected with the bacteria if they come in
Answer thisWhen to seeIf you develop fever and chills while pregnant or if you are very sick with fever and muscle ach
Answer thisWhere to FiDirections to Hospitals Treating Listeriosis
Answer thisWhat to expListeriosis in a fetus or infant results in a poor outcome with a high death rate. Healthy older c
Answer thisWhat are tChest pain (lower right) Clay-colored stools Dark urine Fever, chills Loss of appetite Nausea, vo
Answer thisWhat causeThere are many potential causes of liver abscesses, including:Abdominal infection such as app
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have:Any symptoms of this disorderSevere abdominal pa
Answer thisWhat to expThis condition can be life threatening some patients. The risk for death is higher in people who
Answer thisWhat are tFever Cough – People might cough up mucus that smells bad, or is yellow Trouble breathing o
Answer thisWhat causeWhen the lungs fail to neutralize the bacteria or foreign bodies by coughing,they gets accumu
Answer thisWho are atPeople who:Are sleepy from surgery or have passed out from alcohol or drugs Have problems
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of lung abscess You have lung abscess
Answer thisWhat are tEarly lung cancer often does not cause symptoms. But as the cancer grows, common symptom
Answer thisWhat causeLung cancer is the deadliest type of cancer for both men and women. Each year, more people
Answer thisWho is at hStudies have found the following risk factors for lung cancer:Tobacco smoke: Tobacco smoke
Answer thisWhen to seAnyone with symptoms similar to those listed above should see a doctor to be diagnosed and
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of pancreatic is poor and it depends on the following:Whether or not the tumo
Answer thisWhat are The majority of patients with lymphangioma are asymptomatic. As the mass increases in size,
Answer thisWhat causThere are no known direct causes for lymphangioma. Cystic hygroma usually presents in synd
Answer thisWho is at The most potent risk factor in the development of lymphangioma is the presence of genetic d
Answer thisWhen to seIn cases of severe complications of disease, such asDifficulty breathing Difficulty swallowing
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of lymphangioma is generally good after surgical intervention.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of lymphangiomyomatosis may include constipation, difficulty breathing, and coug
Answer thisWhat are Symptoms of lymphangiosarcoma may include the following:Bruise mark, a purplish discolora
Answer thisWhat causLymphangiosarcoma may be caused by classical Halstedian radical mastectomy.
Answer thisWho is at People with lymphatic blockage, radiotherapy, mastectomy, cardiovascular diseases, and hype
Answer thisWhen to seA person should seek urgent medical care when there is any life threatening symptoms due to
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis is poor.
Answer thisWhat are Symptoms of LGV can begin a few days to a month after coming in contact with the bacteria. S
Answer thisWhat causLymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a chronic (long-term) infection of the lymphatic system
Answer thisWho is at LGV is more common in Central and South America than in North America. Every year, a few h
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have been in contact with someone who may a sexually t
Answer thisWhat to exWith treatment, the outlook is good.
Answer thisWhat are Soaking night sweats Swollen, painless lymph nodes in the neck, armpits or groin Unexplained
Answer thisWhat causNon-Hodgkin lymphomas begin when a type of white blood cell, called a T cell or B cell, becom
Answer thisWho is at Risk factor is anything that changes your chance of getting a disease like cancer. Different canc
Answer thisWhat are tAt first there may not be any symptoms. However, as the disease progresses, central vision m
Answer thisWhat causeMacular degeneration is caused by damage to the area around blood vessels that supply the m
Answer thisWho is at hThe greatest risk factor is age. Although macular degeneration may occur during middle age, s
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have macular degeneration, your eye care provider may recommend that you check you
Answer thisWhat to exMost people with mild dry macular degeneration will not have disabling central vision loss. Ho
Answer thisWhat are tDepression can change or distort the way you see yourself, your life, and those around you.Pe
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of depression is not known. Many researchers believe it is caused by chemica
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have thoughts of suicide or harming yourself or others, immediate call your local emerg
Answer thisWhat to expSome people with major depression may feel better after taking antidepressants for a few we
Answer thisWhat are tMalaise is a symptom that can occur with almost any health condition. It may start slowly or q
Answer thisWhat causeThe following lists give examples of the diseases, conditions, and medications that can cause m
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if:You have other symptoms with the malaise.Malaise lasts
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of malaria include:General malaise Fever Chills Sweating Headache Nause
Answer thisWhat causeMalaria is caused by a parasite that commonly infects a certain type of mosquito which feeds
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone is at risk to contract malaria. Most cases occur in people who live in countries where m
Answer thisWhen to seUrgent medical care should be sought when:Symptoms of malaria manifest while traveling to
Answer thisWhat to expIn most cases, the prognosis of malaria is positive with prompt and proper treatment.The prog
Answer thisWhat are tBloody stoolsVomiting blood (bright red)Epigastric painPatients often have history of nonbloo
Answer thisWhat causeMallory-Weiss tears are usually developed secondary to a sudden increase in intraabdominal
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you begin vomiting blood or if you pass bloody stools.
Answer thisWhat to exRepeated bleeding is uncommon and the outcome is usually good. Cirrhosis of the liver and p
Answer thisWhat are tAvoiding food Coma Feeding difficulties Lethargy Seizures Urine that smells like maple syrup V
Answer thisWhat causeMaple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is caused by a gene defect. Persons with this condition can
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have a family history of MSUD and are planning to start a
Answer thisWhat to expThis disease can be life threatening if untreated.Even with dietary treatment, stressful situatio
Answer thisHow common Every year, approximately 30 cases of poisoning by marine toxins are reported in the United S
Answer thisWhat are tBreast enlargement on one side only Breast lump Breast pain Fever and flu-like symptoms inc
Answer thisWhat causeMastitis are usually caused by a common bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) found on normal s
Answer thisWho is at hMastitis usually occur in women who are breastfeeding. Mastitis that are not related to breastf
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Any portion of the breast tissue becomes reddened, tender, s
Answer thisWhat to expThe condition usually clears quickly with antibiotic therapy.
Answer thisWhat are tMastoiditis is often difficult to detect because most children affected by this disorder do not y
Answer thisWhat causeThe most common cause of mastoiditis is bacterial infection after or during middle ear infectio
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for ear infections include the following:Infants and young children Attending dayc
Answer thisWhen to seCall your child's doctor if:Pain, fever, or irritability do not improve within 24 to 48 hours with a
Answer thisWhat to expWithout treatment, mastoiditis will result in sever complications such as intracranial extension
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Abdominal discomfort or pain ranging from mild to severe Passing of blood
Answer thisWhat are tA Meckel's diverticulum is tissue left over from structures in the unborn baby's digestive tract
Answer thisWhen to seSee your health care provider promptly if your child passes blood or bloody stool or complains
Answer thisWhat to exFull recovery can be expected with surgery.
Answer thisWhat are tEarly medullary thyroid cancer does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, peop
Answer thisWhat causeMedullary thyroid cancer can occur in older age groups. Other risk factors are a family history
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data have suggested that the development of medullary thyroid cancer is related to se
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of thyroid cancer develop.
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of medullary thyroid cancer depends on the following:The stage of cancer: the
Answer thisWhat are tUsual symptoms mainly include symptoms of increased intracranial pressure and impairment
Answer thisWho is at hThe cause of medulloblastoma is not fully known.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of medulloblastoma develop. If you experience eith
Answer thisWhat to exIn general, the prognosis of medulloblastoma is poor and it depends on the following:Whethe
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with mild anemia may have no symptoms, or symptoms may be very mild.More typica
Answer thisWhat causeMegaloblastic anemia is usually caused by a deficiency of folic acid or vitamin B12.Other less c
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors relate to the causes.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any of the symptoms of anemia.
Answer thisWhat to exAnemia usually responds well to treatment within 2 months.
Answer thisWhat causThere are many areas of the brain that help you create and retrieve memories. Damage or ma
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any unexplained memory loss.
Answer thisWhat are Early meningioma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows, people may notice one o
Answer thisWhat CausAt the moment, there are no exact causes of meningioma.
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of meningioma is related to several factors.R
Answer thisWhen to seA meningioma doesn't always require immediate treatment. And a small, slow-growing menin
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of meningioma depends on the extent of the resection during surgery and the h
Answer thisWhat are tThere are four types of meningitis: bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis, fungal meningitis and
Answer thisWho is at hBacterium: Neisseria meningitidis is one of the leading causes of bacterial meningitis in childre
Answer thisWhen to seIf you or your child experience either of the symptoms of meningitis, seeking urgent medical c
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of meningitis depends on:Whether the patient is diagnosed and treated early. T
Answer thisWhat are tBone spurs Brittle, kinky hair Feeding difficulties Irritability Lack of muscle tone, floppiness (hy
Answer thisWhat causeMenkes syndrome is caused by a defect in the ATP7A gene. The defect makes it hard for the b
Answer thisWho is at rMenkes disease is a genetic disorder, so anyone with a family history of the disease is at risk.
Answer thisWhen to seTalk to your health care provider if you have a family history of Menkes syndrome and you pla
Answer thisWhat to exMost persons with this condition die within the first few years of life.
Answer thisWhat are In some women, menstrual flow comes to a sudden halt. More commonly, it slowly stops ove
Answer thisWhat causMenopause is a natural event that normally occurs between the ages of 45 and 55.Once meno
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You are spotting blood between periods You have had 12 con
Answer thisWhat causA change in hormone levels is a common cause of abnormal menstrual bleeding. This is called
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:You have soaked through a pad or tampon every hour for 2 - 3 hours. Your
Answer thisWhat are tContinued infant-like behavior Decreased learning ability Failure to meet the markers of intell
Answer thisWhat causeMental retardation affects about 1 - 3% of the population. There are many causes of mental re
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors are related to the causes.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have any concerns about your child's development You n
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on:Opportunities Other conditions Personal motivation TreatmentMan
Answer thisWhat are tEarly mesothelioma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may noti
Answer thisWhat causLong-term exposure to asbestos -- a fire-resistant material -- is the biggest risk factor. Asbesto
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of kidney cancer is related to several factors
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of mesothelioma develop. If you experience either
Answer thisWhat to exIn general, the prognosis of mesothelioma is poor and it depends on the following:Whether o
Answer thisWhat are Symptoms of type 1 methemoglobinemia (erythrocyte reductase deficiency) include:Bluish co
Answer thisWhat causThis condition can be passed down through families (inherited or congenital). Or, it is caused b
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have a family history of methemoglobinemia and you dev
Answer thisWhat to exPeople with type 1 methemoglobinemia and hemoglobin M disease usually do well. Type 2 m
Answer thisWhat causeUterine fibroids or cervical or uterine polyps Changes in hormone levels Inflammation or infec
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You are pregnant There is any unexplained bleeding between
Answer thisWhat are tIt presents with wide range of clinical symptoms:Anemia Jaundice Petechia Purpura Mucosal b
Answer thisWhat causeIt is a clinical manifestation of a large number of underlying diseases including:Aortic stenosis
Answer thisWhen to seIt is a medical emergency. Any patients presenting with high clinical suspicion should be given
Answer thisWhat causeMicrocephaly most often occurs because the brain fails to grow at a normal rate. Skull growth
Answer thisWhen to seMicrocephaly is often diagnosed at birth or during routine well-baby examinations when the i
Answer thisWhat are tMost people who got infected with MERS-CoV developed severe acute respiratory illness with
Answer thisWhat Cause MERS is caused by a coronavirus called “Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus” (ME
Answer thisWhen to seIf you develop a fever and symptoms of respiratory illness, such as cough or shortness of brea
Answer thisWhat to expApproximately 30% of patients infected with MERS-CoV died.
Answer thisWhat are tPatients may experience the following symptoms after the trigger.Headache: Headache cause
Answer thisWho is at hThe cause of migraine remains unknown. It seems that both genetics and environmental cont
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if:You are experiencing "the worst headache of your life" You have speech, vision, or
Answer thisWhat to expMany patients with migraine can relieve pain and reduce frenquency with treatments.
Answer thisWhat are tDisseminated tuberculosis can affect many different body areas. Symptoms can include:Cough
Answer thisWhat causeTuberculosis (TB) infection can develop after inhaling droplets sprayed into the air from a cou
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you know or suspect that you have been exposed to TB. All fo
Answer thisWhat to expMost forms of disseminated TB respond well to treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tMittelschmerz may be felt on one side one month, then switch to the opposite side the next m
Answer thisWhat causeAbout 1 in 5 women have mittelschmerz, or pain associated with ovulation. The pain may occu
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if ovulation pain seems to change, last
Answer thisWhat to expMittelschmerz can be painful, but it is not harmful. It is not a sign of disease. In fact, women w
Answer thisWhat are Initial symptoms include fever, chills, enlarged lymph nodes, and headache, followed by a rash
Answer thisWhat causMonkeypox is caused monkeypox virus, a virus that was first discovered in 1958. The first hum
Answer thisWho is at Persons who have multiple or anonymous sexual partners and engage in unprotected sexual a
Answer thisWhen to seIf you develop fever, swollen lymph nodes, and/ or rash. If you have complaints (including ulce
Answer thisWhat to exUncomplicated cases of monkeypox usually resolve within 2 to 4 weeks. In certain cases, mon
Answer thisWhat are tMononucleosis has an incubation period of 4-7 weeks, and symptoms are typically for 2-3 wee
Answer thisWhat causInfectious mononucleosis is spread through immediate contact with saliva, hence the colloqui
Answer thisWho is at hMononucleosis is a very prevalent viral infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, a herpes vir
Answer thisWhen to seIf you develop symptoms of mononucleosis contact your doctor.
Answer thisWhat to exThe fever usually drops in 10 days, and swollen lymph glands and spleen heal in 4 weeks. Fatig
Answer thisWhat are tMorning sickness is very common.Most pregnant women have at least some nausea, and abo
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of morning sickness is unknown.It may be caused by hormone changes or low
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:Morning sickness does not improve, despite trying home remedies. Nausea
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Morton's neuroma include:Feeling like'' walking on a marble'' Persistent pain in
Answer thisWhat causMorton's neuroma is more common in women than menThe exact cause is unknown. Howeve
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have persistent pain or tingling in your foot or toe area
Answer thisWhat to exNon surgical treatment does not always improve symptoms. Surgery to remove the thickened
Answer thisWho is at hAll people, given sufficient stimulus, will develop motion sickness, although some groups are a
Answer thisWhat are tStroke TIA commonly referred to as mini-stroke Muscular weakness or paralysis affecting one
Answer thisWho is at It tends to run in families, researchers think that Moyamoya disease is the result of inherited g
Answer thisWhen to seDoctor should be immediately contacted when you experience the above listed symptoms
Answer thisWhat to exWithout surgery, the majority of individuals with Moyamoya disease will experience mental d
Answer thisWhat are Most patients with benign tumors of the major or minor salivary glands present with painless
Answer thisWhat causThere are no causes associated to mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Answer thisWho is at Although exposure to ionizing radiation has been implicated as a cause of salivary gland cance
Answer thisWhen to seCall your oncologist if symptoms of mucoepidermoid carcinoma develops.
Answer thisWhat to exOverall, clinical stage, particularly tumor size, may be the crucial factor to determine the outc
Answer thisWhat are tThese conditions cause mucopolysaccharides to build up in body tissues. This can damage org
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have a family history of mucopolysaccharidosis and are co
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis depends on the type of mucopolysaccharidosis. Prognosis is usually poor if the dise
Answer thisWhat are tMulti-drug-resistant tuberculosis usually affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of
Answer thisWhat Cause Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis resi
Answer thisWho is at hDrug resistance is more common in people who: Do not take their TB medicine regularly Do n
Answer thisWhen to seUrgent medical care should be sought:If you think you have been exposed to someone with T
Answer thisWhere to FDirections to Hospitals Treating Tuberculosis
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of multidrug-resistant TB is worst than that of tuberculosis susceptible to comm
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may develop gradually or may progress after each small stroke.The symptoms of th
Answer thisWhat causeMulti-infarct dementia (MID) is the second most common cause of dementia (after Alzheimer
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for MID include a history of:Diabetes Hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) H
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of vascular dementia occur.Go to the emergency ro
Answer thisWhat to expSome improvement may occur for short periods of time, but the disorder will generally get wo
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms vary from person to person, and depend on which gland is involved. They may inclu
Answer thisWhat causeMEN I is caused by a defect in a gene that carries the code for a protein called menin. The con
Answer thisWho is at hThe most potent risk factor in the development of multiple endocrine neoplasia is family histo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you notice symptoms of MEN I or have a family history of this
Answer thisWhat to expPituitary and parathyroid tumors are usually noncancerous (benign), but some pancreatic tum
Answer thisWhat are tVisual disturbance Headache Constipation Nausea Vomiting Dehydration Lethargy Depression
Answer thisWhat causeMEN1 is an inherited disorder that causes tumors in the endocrine glands and the duodenum
Answer thisWho is at hAge <40 years Positive family history Multifocal or recurrent neoplasia Two or more organ sys
Answer thisWhen to seSeek urgent medical care if there are symptoms of MEN 1 or its complications.
Answer thisWhat to expMost people with MEN1 have a long and productive life. Most of the tumors are benign while
Answer thisWhat are tCough Diarrhea Lump on the neck Breathing difficulty Chest pain Abdominal pain Nervousnes
Answer thisWhat causeMultiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is an inherited disorder that causes tumors in the endocr
Answer thisWho is at hPositive family history Multifocal or recurrent neoplasia Two or more organ systems tumor inv
Answer thisWhen to seDirections to Hospitals Treating Thyroid adenoma
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of the disease depends on the stage at which it is diagnosed. Early diagnosis and tre
Answer thisWhat are A person with Munchausen syndrome gains intense satisfaction from the attention associated
Answer thisWho is at Risk factors may include:Chronic illness during childhood – the person may have received a lo
Answer thisWhat to exRecovery is slow or non-existent.
Answer thisWhat are tThe child's symptoms do not fit a classical picture of illness or do not fit together well. The chi
Answer thisWhat causThis syndrome almost always involves a mother abusing her child by seeking unneeded medic
Answer thisWhen to seThis condition is diagnosed by the health care provider when the child is treated for various sy
Answer thisWhat to exThis is a difficult disorder to treat in parents. There is little information available about the bes
Answer thisWhat are tInability to carry out normal daily activities
Answer thisWhat causMeasurable weakness may result from a variety of conditions including metabolic, neurologic
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if you have:Prolonged, unexplained weakness Sudden weakness, particularly
Answer thisWhat are tSkin infected with M. abscessus is usually red, warm, tender to the touch, swollen, and/or pai
Answer thisWhat causeMycobacterium abscessus is a bacterium distantly related to the ones that cause tuberculosis
Answer thisWho is at People with open wounds or who receive injections without appropriate skin disinfection may
Answer thisWhen to sePatients should seek urgent medical care when they have rapidly progressive symptoms.
Answer thisWhat to exMinor infections with M. abscessus can resolve either spontaneously or following surgical deb
Answer thisWhat are The symptoms are generally mild and appear over a period of 1 to 3 weeks. They may become
Answer thisWhat causMycoplasma pneumonia is a type of atypical pneumonia. It is caused by the bacteria M. pneum
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop a fever, cough, or shortn
Answer thisWhat to exMost people recover completely even without antibiotics, although antibiotics may speed rec
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal fullness related to an enlarged spleen Bone pain Bruising Easy bleeding Fatigue Inc
Answer thisWhat causeBone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside your bones. Stem cells are immature cells in the bo
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of this disorder develop. U
Answer thisWhat to expThis disorder causes slowly worsening bone marrow failure with severe anemia. Low platelet
Answer thisWhat are tFever or frequent infections. Shortness of breath. Feeling very tired and weak. Pale skin. Easy
Answer thisWho is at hOlder age. Being male. Being exposed to certain substances at work or in the environment. Be
Answer thisWhen to seMedical care for (disease name) can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options for CMML depend on the following
Answer thisWhat are tThe hallmark of this condition is the myotonia -- the inability of the muscle to quickly relax aft
Answer thisWhat causeMyotonia congenita is caused by a change (mutation) to a gene. It is passed down from either
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with a family history of myotonia congenita are at risk, as the condition is genetic.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child has symptoms of myotonia congenita.
Answer thisWhat to exPeople can do well with this condition. Symptoms only occur when a movement is first started
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Abnormal sensations of movement (vertigo) Gets worse with sudden move
Answer thisWhat causeThe symptoms of Ménière's disease are associated with a change in fluid volume within the fl
Answer thisWho is at Risk factors include:Allergies Alcohol use Fatigue Recent viral illness Respiratory infection Smo
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of Meniere's disease, such
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome varies. Meniere's disease can often be controlled with treatment. Recovery may
Answer thisWhat are tEach nabothian cyst appears as a small, white raised bump. There can be more than one.
Answer thisWhat causeThe cervix is lined with glands and cells that release mucus. The glands can become covered b
Answer thisWhen to seThis condition is usually discovered during a routine pelvic examination.
Answer thisWhat to expNabothian cysts do not cause any harm. They are a benign condition.
Answer thisWhat are tNaegleria fowleri causes the disease primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a brain infec
Answer thisWhat causeOnly one species (type) of Naegleria infects people: Naegleria fowleri.
Answer thisWho is at hNaegleria fowleri is found around the world. In the United States, the majority of infections ha
Answer thisWhen to sePeople should seek medical care immediately whenever they develop a sudden onset of fever
Answer thisWhat are thA person with narcissistic personality disorder may:React to criticism with rage, shame, or hum
Answer thisWhat causesThe causes of this disorder are unknown. An overly sensitive personality and parenting proble
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on the severity of the disorder.
Answer thisWhat are tPeriods of extreme drowsiness every 3 to 4 hours during the day. You may feel a strong urge t
Answer thisWhat causeNarcolepsy is a nervous system disorder, not a mental illness. Anxiety does not cause narcolep
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of narcolepsy Narcolepsy does not respo
Answer thisWhat to expNarcolepsy is a chronic, lifelong condition. It is not a deadly illness, but it may be dangerous if
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may come on slowly or suddenly, and may include:Abdominal distention Blood in t
Answer thisWhat causeNecrotizing enterocolitis occurs when the lining of the intestinal wall dies and the tissue falls o
Answer thisWho is at hThose with a higher risk for this condition include:Premature infants Infants who are fed conc
Answer thisWhen to seIf any symptoms of necrotizing enterocolitis develop, especially in an infant that has recently b
Answer thisWhat to expNecrotizing enterocolitis is a serious disease with a death rate approaching 25%. Early, aggres
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may come on slowly or suddenly, and may include:Abdominal distention Blood in t
Answer thisWhat causeNecrotizing enterocolitis occurs when the lining of the intestinal wall dies and the tissue falls o
Answer thisWhen to seIf any symptoms of necrotizing enterocolitis develop, especially in an infant that has recently b
Answer thisWhat to expNecrotizing enterocolitis is a serious disease with a death rate approaching 25%.Early, aggress
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include:Extreme sleepiness Feeding problems Seizures Very ruddy (red) skin c
Answer thisWhat causeHyperviscosity can occur when the percentage of red blood cells (RBCs) in the infant's blood,,
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook is good for infants with mild hyperviscosity and those who receive treatment for
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms usually appear within minutes of birth, although they may not be seen for seve
Answer thisWhat causeInfant RDS occurs in infants whose lungs have not yet fully developed.The disease is mainly ca
Answer thisWhen to seThis disorder usually develops shortly after birth while the baby is still in the hospital. If you ha
Answer thisWhat to expThe Infant respiratory distress syndrome often worsens for 2 to 4 days after birth with slow im
Answer thisWhat are tInfants with neonatal sepsis may have the following symptoms:Body temperature changes Bre
Answer thisWhat causeA number of different bacteria, including Escherichia coli (E.coli), Listeria, and certain strains o
Answer thisWhen to seSeek immediate medical help if your infant shows symptoms of neonatal sepsis.
Answer thisWhat to expWith prompt treatment, many babies with these bacterial infections will recover completely w
Answer thisWhat are tThe 3 affected neurologic domains of neoplastic meningitis in order of involvement is spinal co
Answer thisWhat causeNeoplastic meningitis is caused by another tumor seeding into the CNS Cancer from a distant
Answer thisWho is at hPatients with advanced breast cancer have increased propensity for NM. ER-, PR-positivity in b
Answer thisWhen to sePatients with documented cancer manifesting with signs and symptoms of increased intracran
Answer thisWhat to expThe rates of survival for neoplastic meningitis varies depending on the source of primary tumo
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of nephritic syndrome are:Swelling of the face, eye socket, legs, arms, ha
Answer thisWhat causeAcute nephritic syndrome is often caused by an immune response that is triggered by an infec
Answer thisWho is at hInfections with Group A Streptococcal bacateria (APSGN)
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of acute nephritic syndrome.
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook depends on the disease causing the nephritis. When the condition improves, sym
Answer thisWhat are tSwelling is the most common symptom. It may occur:In the face and around the eyes. In the a
Answer thisWhat causeCauses of Nephrotic Syndrome can be primary (that is; from the kidney glomeruli) or seconda
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms which may indicate nephrotic syndrome occur.Call
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome varies; the syndrome may be acute and short-term or chronic and unresponsive
Answer thisWhat are tThe signs and symptoms of neuroblastoma can vary widely depending on where the disease fi
Answer thisWho is at hScientists found the cause of neuroblastoma is related to abnormalities in the DNA of neurobl
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of neuroblastoma develop. If you experience eithe
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of neuroblastoma is poor and it depends on the following:Whether or not the t
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal walk (gait) Blindness Confusion Dementia Depression Headache Incontinence Inabil
Answer thisWhat causeNeurosyphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum, the bacteria that cause syphilis. It usually occ
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have had syphilis in the past and
Answer thisWhat to expThis is considered a life-threatening complication of syphilis. How well you do depends on how
Answer thisWhat are tType A usually begins in the first few months of life. Symptoms may include:Abdominal (belly
Answer thisWhat causeNiemann-Pick disease Type A and B occur when cells in the body lack an enzyme called acid sp
Answer thisWhen to seMake an appointment with your health care provider if you have a family history of Niemann-
Answer thisWhat to exType A Niemann-Pick is a severe disease, which generally leads to death by age 2 or 3.Those w
Answer thisWhat causPossible substances that can cause hemolytic anemia include:Anti-malaria drugs (quinine com
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of lung cancer includeA cough that doesn't go away and gets worse over
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with constant exposure to high levels of air pollution and drinking water that has a hig
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook varies. Most often, non small cell lung cancer grows slowly. In some cases, it can g
Answer thisWhat are tWeakness Liver enlargement Swelling of the abdomen Breast enlargement Pain in the upper r
Answer thisWhat causesObesity Insulin resistance Metabolic syndrome Hormonal imbalances Oxidative stress - A imba
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who are over weight(Obese) Patients with insulin resistance Patients with metabolic sy
Answer thisWhen to seeWhen patient skin and sclera changes to yellow color. When patient experinence abdomen sw
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis estimate for NAFLD as of now is low. Depending on the extent of the fibrosis and cir
Answer thisWhat are Early Non-Hodgkin lymphoma does not have any symptoms. People may notice one or more o
Answer thisWhat causWhite blood cells called lymphocytes are found in lymph tissues. They help prevent infections
Answer thisWho is at Clinical data has suggested that the development of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is related to seve
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma develop. If you experie
Answer thisWhat to exThe International Prognostic Index (IPI) is the most widely used prognostic system for Non-Ho
Answer thisWhat are tBecause there are so many types of noroviruses, you can become infected and show symptom
Answer thisWhat causeThe main viruses that cause gastroenteritis used to be called "Norwalk-like viruses" because N
Answer thisWhat are tOCPD has some of the same symptoms as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, pe
Answer thisWhat causeObsessive-compulsive personality disorder tends to occur in families, so genes may be involve
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if perfectionism is interfering with you
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook for people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder tends to be better tha
Answer thisWhat are tObsessions or compulsions that are not due to medical illness or drug use Obsessions or comp
Answer thisWhat causeObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is more common than was once thought. Most people w
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if your symptoms interfere with daily l
Answer thisWhat to exOCD is a long-term (chronic) illness with periods of severe symptoms followed by times of imp
Answer thisWhat are tChronic cough Shortness of breath
Answer thisWho is at hYour risk of developing the occupational lung disease depends on how long you have been exp
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of occupatio
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome for the simple form is usually good. It rarely causes disability or death. The comp
Answer thisWhat are tUsual symptoms include:Hematuria or blood in urineFlank painAbdominal massOther health p
Answer thisWhat causeIts cause is yet unknown.
Answer thisWho is at hIt is not clear at present.
Answer thisWhen to seIf you experience either of the following symptoms, seeking urgent medical care as soon as po
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of oncocytoma depends on the surgery. Nephrectomy is an effective treatment
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms are usually worse during sleep, and periods of apnea (episodes of stopped breathin
Answer thisWhat causeNormally, when the oxygen levels in the blood are low or the carbon dioxide levels are high, th
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of this disorder develop.S
Answer thisWhat to exResponse to treatment varies.
Answer thisWhat causeOpisthotonos may occur in infants with meningitis. It may also occur as a sign of reduced brain
Answer thisWho is at hOpisthotonos is much more common in infants and children than in adults. It is also more exa
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call your local emergency number (such as 911) if this symptom
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Actively does not follow adults' requests Angry and resentful of others Arg
Answer thisWhat causeThis disorder is more common in boys than in girls.Some studies have shown that it affects 20
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have concerns about your child's development or behavio
Answer thisWhat to expSome children respond well to treatment, while others do not.
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms are due to the tumor growing and pressing on the optic nerve and nearby stru
Answer thisWhat causeOptic gliomas are rare. The cause of optic gliomas is unknown. Most optic gliomas are slow-gr
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any vision loss, painless bulging of your eye forward
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook is highly variable. Early treatment improves the chance of a good outcome. Many
Answer thisWhat are tMucous membrane lesion, lump, or ulcer:May be a deep, hard-edged crack in the tissue Most
Answer thisWhat causeOral cancer most commonly involves the tissue of the lips or the tongue. It may also occur on
Answer thisWho is at hSmokers People infected with HPV People who practice poor dental and oral hygiene
Answer thisWhen to seOral cancer may be discovered when the dentist performs a routine cleaning and examination
Answer thisWhat to expApproximately half of people with oral cancer will live more than 5 years after diagnosis and t
Answer thisWhat are tThrush appears as whitish, velvety lesions in the mouth and on the tongue. Underneath the w
Answer thisWhat causeThrush is caused by forms of a fungus called Candida. A small amount of this fungus lives in yo
Answer thisWho is at hThrush is commonly seen in infants. It is not considered abnormal in infants unless it lasts long
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:Your infant has had lesions in the mouth consistent with thrush for at least
Answer thisWhat to expThrush in infants may be painful but is rarely serious. Because of discomfort, it can interfere w
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms vary and depend on the specific cause of the mouth ulcer. In general, symptoms m
Answer thisWhat causeMouth ulcers are caused by many disorders. These include:Canker sores Gingivostomatitis He
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with decreased immunity are at higher risk of getting oral ulcer
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if your mouth ulcers don't go away aft
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome varies depending on the cause of the ulcer. Many mouth ulcers are harmless an
Answer thisWhat are thSymptoms of orbital cellulitis may include:Painful swelling of upper and lower eyelid, and pos
Answer thisWhat causesOrbital cellulitis is a dangerous infection with potentially serious complications.Bacteria from
Answer thisWhen to seeOrbital cellulitis is an emergency that requires immediate treatment. Call your health care pro
Answer thisWhat to expWith prompt treatment, the person can make a complete recovery.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms can differ based on the disease.In general, organic brain syndromes cause:Agitation
Answer thisWhat causeDisorders associated with OBS include:Brain injury caused by trauma:Bleeding into the brain (
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have been diagnosed with organic brain syndrome and yo
Answer thisWhat to exSome disorders are short-term and treatable, but many are long-term or get worse over time.
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal (high-pitched) breathing sounds Cough Coughing up blood Difficulty swallowing Hoa
Answer thisWhat causePeople who smoke or use tobacco are at risk of developing throat cancer. Excessive alcohol us
Answer thisWho is at hMost cancers of the throat develop in adults older than 50. Men are 10 times more likely than
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of throat cancer, especially hoarseness o
Answer thisWhat to exThroat cancers can be cured in 90% of patients if detected early. If the cancer has spread to su
Answer thisWhat are tBone pain Fever General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill-feeling (malaise) Local swelling, rednes
Answer thisWhat causeBone infection can be caused by bacteria (more common) or fungi (less common). Infection m
Answer thisWho is at hDiabetes Hemodialysis Injected drug use Poor blood supply Recent trauma People who have h
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of osteomyelitis You have osteomyeli
Answer thisWhat to expWith treatment, the outcome for acute osteomyelitis is usually good. The outlook is worse for
Answer thisWhat are tMany patients first complain of pain that may be worse at night, and may have been occurring
Answer thisWho is at hAge and height: Data suggest that the risk of osteosarcoma is highest during the teenage "gro
Answer thisWhen to seSpeak to your doctor immediately if you are experiencing any of the above mentioned sympto
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis for bone cancer varies immensely based on how far the cancer has spread in th
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of otitis externa include the following:Ear pain Ear itching Ear canal swelli
Answer thisWhat causeOtitis externa is caused by sources of inflammation to the external ear:Bacterial and fungal inf
Answer thisWho is at hSwimmers and scuba divers. People living in humid, tropical climates. People with allergies or
Answer thisWhen to seEar pain does not subside after several weeks. Hearing loss becomes severe. Fever or flu -sym
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis for otitis externa is usually good with or without treatment. Recurring episodes
Answer thisWhat are tOtitis media is often difficult to detect because most children affected by this disorder do not
Answer thisWhat causeAnything that causes the eustachian tubes in the middle ear to become swollen or blocked ca
Answer thisWho is at hInfants and young children are especially susceptible to ear infections: Immune systems are n
Answer thisWhen to seCall your child's doctor if:Pain, fever, or irritability do not improve within 24 to 48 hours At the
Answer thisWhat to expOtitis media's prognosis is usually good without treatment. Otitis media from infection will us
Answer thisWhat are tHearing loss (slow at first, but gets worse over time) Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) Vertigo or di
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of otosclerosis is unknown. However, there is some evidence that it may be passed
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have hearing loss You develop fever, ear pain, dizziness, o
Answer thisWhat to expOtosclerosis gets worse without treatment. Surgery may restore at least some of your hearing
Answer thisWhat are tEarly ovarian cancer does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may noti
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of ovarian cancer is related to several factor
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of ovarian cancer develop. If you experience either
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of ovarian cancer depends on the following:Whether or not the tumor can be r
Answer thisWhat are tOvarian cysts often cause no symptoms. When symptoms occur, they are typically pain or a la
Answer thisWhat causeEach month during your menstrual cycle, a follicle (where the egg is developing) grows on you
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have symptoms of an ovarian cy
Answer thisWhat to expCysts in women who are still having periods are more likely to go away.There is a higher risk o
Answer thisWhat are tSigns of ovarian germ cell tumors areSwelling of the abdomen vaginal bleeding after menopau
Answer thisWhat to expCertain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery and treatment options)The prognosis (cha
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of OHSS can range from mild to severe.Most women with the condition have m
Answer thisWhat causeNormally, a woman produces one egg per month. Some women undergoing fertility treatmen
Answer thisWhen to seCall your healthcare provider if you experience any of the following symptoms:Excessive weig
Answer thisWhat to exMost mild cases of OHSS will go away on their own after menstruation starts. If you have a mo
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain, usually in the mid- abdomen, that may be felt in the back Abdominal swelling
Answer thisWhat causePancreas divisum is the most common birth defect of the pancreas. In many cases this defect
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of this disord
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually good.
Answer thisWhat are tPancreatic cancer is sometimes called a "silent disease" because early pancreatic cancer often
Answer thisWho is at hNo one knows the exact causes of pancreatic cancer. Doctors can seldom explain why one per
Answer thisHow to knoIf a patient has symptoms that suggest pancreatic cancer, the doctor asks about the patient's
Answer thisWhen to seSee your doctor immediately if you feel as though you have experienced any of the above me
Answer thisWhat are tPanic attacks involve short periods of intense anxiety symptoms, which peak within 10 minute
Answer thisWhat causePanic attacks often occur in areas or situations where they have happened in the past, panic m
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of panic attacks
Answer thisWhat to expMost patients can get better with medications or behavioral therapy. However, without early
Answer thisWhat are tA panic attack begins suddenly, and most often peaks within 10 - 20 minutes. Some symptoms
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause is unknown.Genetics may play a role. Studies suggest that if one identical twin has p
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if panic attacks are interfering with you
Answer thisWhat to expPanic disorders may be long-lasting and difficult to treat. Some people with this disorder may
Answer thisWhat are tWhile patients with early papillary thyroid cancer do not present with any symptoms, as the tu
Answer thisWhat causeWhile the exact cause of papillary thyroid cancer is unknown, certain genetic mutations are su
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data have suggested that the development of papillary thyroid cancer is related to var
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of thyroid cancer develop.
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer depends on the following:The stage of the cancer: th
Answer thisWhat are tUsual signs and symptoms vary widely. They depend on the size, the location of the tumors. F
Answer thisWhat are tThe causes of papilloma are unknown.
Answer thisWhat are tDifficulty swallowing (dysphagia) Dizziness Hearing problems or loss Hearing pulsations in the
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of a paraganglioma is unknown.
Answer thisWho is at hUsually, there are no known risk factors. Paraganglioma have been associated with changes (m
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you:Are having difficulty with hearing or swallowing Develop p
Answer thisWhat to exPatients who have surgery or radiation tend to do well. More than 90% of those with paragan
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with paranoid personality disorder are highly suspicious of other people. As a result, p
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes of paranoid personality disorder are unknown. The disorder appears to be more co
Answer thisWhen to seIf suspicions are interfering with your relationships or work, contact a health care provider or
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook usually depends on whether the person is willing to accept help. Therapy and me
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with paranoid schizophrenia may have mistaken beliefs (delusions) that one or more p
Answer thisWhat are tThe foreskin is pulled back (retracted) behind the rounded tip of the penis (glans) and stays th
Answer thisWhat causeCauses of paraphimosis include:Direct trauma to the area Failure to return the foreskin to its n
Answer thisWho is at hParaphimosis occurs most often in children and the elderly.
Answer thisWhen to seGo to your local emergency room if this occurs.
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is likely to be excellent if the condition is diagnosed and treated quickly.
Answer thisWhat are tBack pain Blurred vision (because of cataracts) Bone pain or tenderness Decreased height Dep
Answer thisWhat causeThe parathyroid glands are located in the neck, near or attached to the back side of the thyroi
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of hyperparathy
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of parathyroid cancer are mainly caused by a high level of calcium in the blood (hyp
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of parathyroid cancer has not been identified.
Answer thisWho is at hPositive family history of the following:Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 Hyperparathyroid
Answer thisWhen to seDirections to Hospitals Treating Parathyroid Cancer
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of the parathyroid cancer depends on the stage at which it is diagnosed. Early diagn
Answer thisWhat are tThe incubation period of paratyphoid infections is 6–30 days. The onset of illness is insidious,
Answer thisWho is at hParatyphoid fever can occur in any age group and is food and water borne
Answer thisWhen to seIf you feel that you are developing symptoms suggestive of paratyphoid fever call your doctor
Answer thisWhat are tParkinsonism refers to any condition that causes Parkinson's-type abnormal movements. Sym
Answer thisWho is at hInfections such as encephalitis, meningitis Stroke Brain tumor Degenerative disorders: Cortico
Answer thisHow to knoTests are not usually specific for parkinsonism. However, the goal of the tests is to confirm or
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Parkinsonism develop.
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of Parkinsonism depends on the underlying cause. Outcomes of Parkinsonism cause
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of parotitis include the following:Abnormal tastes Difficulty opening mouth Dry
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes of Parotitis include viruses such as mumps, HIV, or extrapulmonary tuberculosis. It
Answer thisWho is at hChildren between 6 months and 16 years old for mumps -based parotitis. Women over age 40
Answer thisWhen to seWhen diagnosed with parotitis: If fever develops or worsens or you have difficulty breathing o
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis is usually good and full recovery is expected with or without treating symptoms.
Answer thisWhat are tCleft lip or palate Clenched hands (with outer fingers on top of the inner fingers) Close-set eye
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have had a child with Trisomy 13
Answer thisWhat to exThe syndrome involves multiple abnormalities, many of which are not compatible with life. M
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of head lice include:Intense itching of the scalp Small, red bumps on the scalp, nec
Answer thisWhat causeHead lice infect hair on the head. Tiny eggs on the hair look like flakes of dandruff. However, i
Answer thisWho is at hYou can get head lice if you:Come in close contact with a person who has lice Touch the clothi
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if symptoms continue after home treatment, or if you develop a
Answer thisWhat to expLice are usually killed with proper treatment. However, lice may come back, especially if the s
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common symptoms of PID include:Fever (not always present; may come and go) Pai
Answer thisWhat causeMost cases of pelvic inflammatory disease are caused by bacteria that move from the vagina o
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:Male sexual partner with gonorrhea or chlamydia Multiple sexual partner
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of PID You think you have been exposed
Answer thisWhat to expPrompt treatment can prevent complications and have a good prognosis.
Answer thisWhat are tEar pain may suddenly decrease right after your eardrum ruptures.After the rupture, you may
Answer thisWhat are tEar infections may cause a ruptured eardrum, more often in children. The infection causes pu
Answer thisWhen to seIf your pain and symptoms improve after your eardrum ruptures, you may wait until the next
Answer thisWhat to exThe opening in the eardrum usually heals by itself within 2 months. Any hearing loss is most o
Answer thisWhat are tBreath odor Gums that appear bright red or red-purple Gums that appear shiny Gums that ble
Answer thisWhat causePeriodontitis occurs when inflammation or infection of the gums (gingivitis) is untreated or tre
Answer thisWho is at hOne of the most predominant risk factors of periodontal disease is tobacco use. Another very
Answer thisWhen to seConsult your dentist if signs of gum disease are present.
Answer thisWhat to expSome people find the removal of dental plaque from inflamed gums to be uncomfortable. Ble
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the nerve that is damaged. Symptoms also depend on whether the dam
Answer thisWhat causeNeuropathy is very common. There are many types and causes. Often, no cause can be found.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of nerve damage. Early treatment increas
Answer thisWhat to expHow well you do depends on the cause of nerve damage. Some nerve-related problems do no
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with mild anemia may have no symptoms or very mild symptoms. More typical sympto
Answer thisWhat causeThe body needs vitamin B12 to make red blood cells. To provide vitamin B12 to your blood ce
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:Family history of the disease History of autoimmune endocrine disorders,
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency.
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually excellent with treatment.Any damage to nerves may be permanent, es
Answer thisWhat are tPertussis can cause serious illness in infants, children and adults. The disease starts like the co
Answer thisWhat causePeople with pertussis usually spread the disease by coughing or sneezing while in close contac
Answer thisWho is at hAs noted above, Pertussis much more serious for babies and infants, often requiring hospitaliz
Answer thisWhen to seWhen you or your child develops a cold that includes a prolonged or severe cough, it may be p
Answer thisWhat to expPertussis can be prevented if the child is properly vaccinated for it. It's especially dangerous in
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormal (high-pitched) breathing sounds Cough Coughing up blood Difficulty swallowing Hoa
Answer thisWhat causePeople who smoke or use tobacco are at risk of developing throat cancer. Excessive alcohol us
Answer thisWho is at hMost cancers of the throat develop in adults older than 50. Men are 10 times more likely than
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of throat cancer, especially hoarseness o
Answer thisWhat to expThroat cancers can be cured in 90% of patients if detected early. If the cancer has spread to su
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is a sore throat.Other symptoms may include:Fever Headache Joint pain a
Answer thisWhat are tMany germs can cause pharyngitis.Viruses are the most common cause of pharyngitis. Many d
Answer thisWho is at hPharyngitis is contagious, so anyone in close proximity to someone with the illness, is at risk.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop a sore throat that does not go away after several
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases of pharyngitis go away on their own without complications.
Answer thisWhat are tBeing exposed to the feared object, or even thinking about being exposed to it causes an anxi
Answer thisWhat causeSpecific phobias are a type of anxiety disorder in which exposure to the feared stimulus may p
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider or a mental health professional if a sim
Answer thisWhat to expPhobias tend to be chronic, but they can respond to treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tChildren and adults with pica may eat:Animal feces Clay Dirt Hairballs Ice Paint SandThis patte
Answer thisWhat causePica is seen more in young children than adults. Between 10 and 32% of children ages 1 - 6 ha
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you notice that a child (or adult) often eats non-food material
Answer thisWhat to expTreatment success varies. In many cases, the disorder lasts several months, then disappears o
Answer thisWhat are tThe disease gets worse slowly. Tissues in the temporal and frontal lobes of the brain start to s
Answer thisWhat causePeople with Pick's disease have abnormal substances (called Pick bodies and Pick cells) inside
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of Pick's disease.Call your health care
Answer thisWhat to expThe disorder quickly and steadily becomes worse.Patients become totally disabled early in the
Answer thisWhat are tA pinguecula is a small, yellowish nodule on the conjunctiva near the cornea. It can appear on
Answer thisWhat are tThe cause is unknown, but chronic sunlight exposure and eye irritation may contribute to its d
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who are exposed to a great deal of sunlight (and consequently UV light), who live in tro
Answer thisHow to knoAn eye examination is often enough to diagnose this disorder. It is to be distinguished clinicall
Answer thisWhat are tPituitary infarction usually has a short period of symptoms (acute), but it can be life-threateni
Answer thisWhat are thPituitary infarction is most commonly caused by bleeding due to a noncancerous tumor of the
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for pituitary infarction include:Bleeding disorders Diabetes Head injury Radiation
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any symptoms of chronic pituitary insufficiency.Go t
Answer thisWhat to expAcute pituitary infarction can be life-threatening. The outlook is good for people who have ch
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom of placenta previa is sudden, painless vaginal bleeding that often occurs n
Answer thisWhat causeDuring pregnancy, the placenta moves as the uterus stretches and grows. In early pregnancy,
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have bleeding from the vagina at any point in your pregna
Answer thisWhat to expPlacenta previa is most often diagnosed before bleeding occurs. Careful monitoring of the mo
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain Back pain Frequent uterine contractions Uterine contractions with no relaxati
Answer thisWhat are thThe exact cause of a placental abruption may be hard to determine.Direct causes are rare, bu
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:Blood clotting disorders (thrombophilias) Cigarette smoking Cocaine use D
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you are in an auto accident, even if the accident is minor.Call
Answer thisWhat to expThe mother does not usually die from this condition.However, all of the following increase the
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom of pleurisy is pain in the chest. This pain most likely occurs when you take
Answer thisWhat are thPleurisy may develop when you have lung inflammation due to infections such as pneumonia
Answer thisWho is at hIf you have an underlying lung disease, such as pneumonia or tuberculosis, you are at a higher
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of pleurisy. If you have breathing difficult
Answer thisWhat to expRecovery depends on what is causing the pleurisy.
Answer thisWhat are tPneumocystis pneumonia in those with AIDS usually develops slowly over days to weeks or ev
Answer thisWhat causeThis type of pneumonia is caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci. This fungus is common
Answer thisWho is at hThis type of pneumonia is caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci. This fungus is common
Answer thisWhen to seIf you feel you are developing symptoms suggestive of Pneumocystis pneumonia contact your
Answer thisWhat to exPneumocystis pneumonia can be life threatening, causing respiratory failure that can lead to d
Answer thisWhat are The most common symptoms of pneumonia are:Cough (with some pneumonias you may coug
Answer thisWhat causPneumonia is a common illness that affects millions of people each year in the United States.
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors (conditions that increase your chances of getting pneumonia) include:Cigarette sm
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if you have:Worsening respiratory symptoms Shortness of breath, shaking ch
Answer thisWhat to exWith treatment, most patients will improve within 2 weeks. Elderly or debilitated patients ma
Answer thisWhat are Almost everyone who has a collapsed lung has the following symptoms:Sharp chest pain, mad
Answer thisWhat causA collapsed lung may result from chest trauma, such as gunshot or knife wounds, rib fracture,
Answer thisWho is at Tall, thin people are more likely to develop a collapsed lung.Lung diseases such as COPD, asth
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of a collapsed lung, especially if you have
Answer thisWhat to exIf you have a collapsed lung, you are more likely to have another one in the future if you:Are t
Answer thisWhat are tThere are three basic patterns of polio infection: subclinical infections, nonparalytic, and para
Answer thisWhat causePoliomyelitis is a disease caused by infection with the poliovirus. The virus spreads by direct p
Answer thisWho is at hPerson's at higher risk include those who:Lack immunization against polio and are exposed to
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Someone close to you has developed poliomyelitis and you ha
Answer thisWhat to expWhat to expect depends on the form of the disease (subclinical, nonparalytic, or paralytic) and
Answer thisWhat are tNot all women with PCOS share the same symptoms. These are some of the symptoms of PCO
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of PCOS is unknown. Most researchers think that more than one factor could play a
Answer thisWho is at hAbout one in ten women of childbearing age has PCOS, and it can occur in girls as young as 11
Answer thisWhen to seTalk with your doctor if you have irregular, scant or no menstrual periods, are overweight, and
Answer thisWhat to expGetting your symptoms under control at an earlier age can help to reduce your chances of hav
Answer thisWhat causePolyhydramnios can occur if the fetus does not swallow and absorb amniotic fluid in normal a
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of portal hypertension include:Bloody vomiting Tarry stools Abdominal distention F
Answer thisWhat causeCommon causes of portal hypertension include:Bacterial intestinal infections Congenital abno
Answer thisWho is at hPatients who are at high risk for portal hypertension include:Intravenous drug use (IVDU) Tatt
Answer thisWhen to sePatients with the following symptom have to seek urgent medical care:Bloody vomiting Tarry
Answer thisWhat to expThe symptoms of portal hypertension usually develop in the third to fourth decades of life. Di
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of PTSD fall into three main categories:Reliving the event, which disturbs day-to-da
Answer thisWhat causePTSD can occur at any age.PTSD can follow a natural disaster such as a flood or fire, or events
Answer thisWhen to seAlthough traumatic events can cause distress, not all feelings of distress are symptoms of PTS
Answer thisWhat to expYou can increase the chance of a good outcome with:Early diagnosis Prompt treatment Strong
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of postpartum depression are the same as the symptoms of depression that oc
Answer thisWhat causeWomen commonly have mood changes during pregnancy, especially after delivery. These mo
Answer thisWho is at hYou may have a higher chance of postpartum depression if you:Are under age 20 Currently ab
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if you experience any of the following:Your baby blues don't go away after 2 w
Answer thisWhat to exMedication and professional psychotherapy can often successfully reduce or eliminate sympto
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include:Almond-shaped eyes Delayed motor development Floppy newborn in
Answer thisWhat causePrader-Willi syndrome is caused by a gene missing on part of chromosome 15. Normally, your
Answer thisWho is at hThe genetic changes occur randomly. Patients usually do not have a family history of the cond
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child has symptoms of this condition. The disorder is freq
Answer thisWhat to expAppropriate education will be needed for the affected person's IQ level. Weight control will al
Answer thisWhat are tA premature infant's organs are not fully developed. The infant needs special care in a nursery
Answer thisWhat causeAt birth, a baby is classified as one of the following:Premature (less than 37 weeks gestation) F
Answer thisWho is at hDifferent pregnancy-related problems increase the risk of preterm labor:An "insufficient" or w
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you are pregnant and believe you are going into labor premat
Answer thisWhat to expPrematurity used to be a major cause of infant deaths. Improved medical and nursing techniq
Answer thisWhat are tUsual signs and symptoms of premature ovarin failure include the following:Irregular or skipp
Answer thisWhat causeIn many cases, the cause of premature ovarian failure is not clear. Some studies demonstrate
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any symptoms of premature ovarian failure.
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of most patients with premature ovarian failure may be good with the hormone rep
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of PMDD are similar to those of PMS. However, they are generally more severe
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes of PMS and PMDD have not been found.Hormone changes that occur during a wom
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 or a local crisis line immediately if you are having suicidal thoughts.Call for an appoint
Answer thisWhat to expAfter proper diagnosis and treatment, most women with PMDD find that their symptoms go a
Answer thisWhat are tPMS refers to a set of physical, behavioral, or emotional symptoms that tend to:Start during th
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of PMS has not been identified. Changes in brain hormone levels may play a r
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:PMS does not go away with self-trea
Answer thisWhat to exMost women who are treated for PMS symptoms get significant relief.
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment if you suspect you are pregnant, are currently pregnant and are not re
Answer thisWhat are tLoss of hearing often occurs slowly over time.Symptoms include:Difficulty hearing people arou
Answer thisWhat causeTiny hair cells inside your inner ear help you hear. They pick up sound waves and change them
Answer thisWhen to seHearing loss should be checked as soon as possible. This helps rule out causes such as too mu
Answer thisWhat to expAge-related hearing loss most often gets worse slowly. The hearing loss cannot be reversed an
Answer thisWhat are tAt the beginning of the infection, the symptoms include severe frontal headache, fever, nause
Answer thisWhat causePrimary amebic meningoencephalitis is caused by Naegleria fowleri, a heat-loving (thermophi
Answer thisWho is at Naegleria fowleri is naturally found in warm freshwater environments such as lakes, rivers and
Answer thisWhen to sePAM is a fatal disease. Any patient with suspicious symptoms of meningoencephalitis should i
Answer thisWhat to exSymptoms start 1-7 days (median 5 days) after swimming exposure and people die 1-12 days (
Answer thisWhat are thMore than half of patients have no symptoms at the time of diagnosis. Symptoms usually com
Answer thisWhat causesThe cause of inflamed bile ducts in the liver is not known. However, primary biliary cirrhosis is
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you have:Abdominal swelling Blood in the stools Confusion Ja
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome can vary. If the condition is not treated, most patients will need a liver transplan
Answer thisWhat are Early Non-Hodgkin lymphoma does not have any symptoms. People may notice one or more o
Answer thisWhat causWhite blood cells called lymphocytes are found in lymph tissues. They help prevent infections
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is related to seve
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma develop. If you experie
Answer thisWhat to exThe International Prognostic Index (IPI) is the most widely used prognostic system for Non-Ho
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with pathological gambling often feel ashamed and try to avoid letting others know of
Answer thisWhat causePathological gambling usually begins in early adolescence in men, and between ages 20 and 4
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider or mental health professional if you believe you have symptoms
Answer thisWhat to exLike alcohol or drug addiction, pathological gambling is a chronic disorder that tends to get wo
Answer thisWhat are tChanges in expressions of the face Deeply lined face Difficulty moving the eyes or lack of cont
Answer thisWhat causeProgressive supranuclear palsy is a condition that causes symptoms similar to those of Parkins
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you often fall, and if you have a stiff neck/body and vision pro
Answer thisWhat to expTreatment sometimes can reduce symptoms temporarily, but the condition will get worse.Bra
Answer thisWhat are tEarly prostate cancer does not make any symptoms. When the cancer grows larger or spreads
Answer thisWhat causeProstate cancer is the third most common cause of death from cancer in men of all ages and i
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who are at higher risk include:African-American men, who are also likely to develop ca
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of gastric cancer develop. If one emerges the follow
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of prostate cancer depends on the stage of the cancer, PSA level and Gleason s
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of acute prostatitis can start quickly, and can include:Chills Fever Flushing of the sk
Answer thisWhat causesProstatitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection of the prostate gland. Any bacteria that ca
Answer thisWho is at hAcute prostatitis may also be caused by problems with the urethra or prostate, such as:Bladde
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of prostatitis.
Answer thisWhat to expAcute prostatitis should clear up completely with medicine and minor changes to your diet an
Answer thisHow do I kSigns of patients with pseudo-Cushing's syndrome are similar to Cushing's syndrome. They inc
Answer thisWho is at Alcoholism or alcohol withdrawal Severe stresses Psychiatric conditions such as depression, p
Answer thisHow to knoSalivary cortisol level: Measurement of ate-night salivary cortisol concentrations can be used a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of pseudo-Cushing's syndrome develop. If you expe
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of pseudo-Cushing's syndrome varies, depending on the cause and the person. With
Answer thisWhat are tThere are three types of pseudohypoparathyroidism, type 1a, type 1b and type 2.Signs and sy
Answer thisWhat causeThe parathyroid glands help control calcium use and removal by the body. They do this by pro
Answer thisWho is at All forms of pseudohypoparathyroidism are very rare. It is caused by abnormal genes. Researc
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of pseudohypoparathyroidism develop. If you suffe
Answer thisWhat to exLow blood calcium in pseudohypoparathyroidism is usually milder than in other forms of hypo
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal cramps (mild to severe) Bloody stools Fever Urge to have a bowel movement Wate
Answer thisWhat are tThe Clostridium difficile bacteria is normally seen in the intestine. However, it may overgrow w
Answer thisWho is at Risk factors includeOlder ageAntibiotic useUse of medicines that weaken the immune system,
Answer thisHow to knoEither or both of the following tests will confirm the disorderColonoscopy or flexible sigmoido
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if the following symptoms occur:Bloody stools after taking antib
Answer thisWhat to exIf there are no complications, the outlook is generally good. However, up to 20% of infections
Answer thisWhat are tBlood-tinged sputum. Dry cough. Fatigue. Fever and chills. Headache. Joint aches. Muscle ach
Answer thisWhat causePsittacosis is a rare disease: 100 - 200 cases are reported each year in the United States.Bird o
Answer thisWhen to seAntibiotics are needed to treat this infection. If you develop symptoms of psittacosis, call your
Answer thisWhat to expFull recovery is expected.
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms of psychogenic dwarfism vary greatly. Because these disorders affect ove
Answer thisWho is at hMany studies have demonstrated that an environment with constant and extreme stress is th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any symptoms of psychogenic dwarfism.
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of psychogenic dwarfism varies from condition to condition, from person to person
Answer thisWhat are tPsychotic symptoms may include:Disorganized thought and speech False beliefs that are not b
Answer thisWhat causeA number of substances and medical conditions can cause psychosis, including:Alcohol and ce
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider or mental health professional if you or a member of your family
Answer thisWhat to expHow well a person does depends on the cause of the psychosis. If the cause can be corrected,
Answer thisFuture pulmA number of scientists have proposed, or produced experimental evidence in animal or cell lin
Answer thisWhat are thSymptoms generally appear several weeks after birth:Abdominal fullness prematurely after m
Answer thisWhat are thPyloric stenosis is caused by a thickening of the muscles of the pylorus. This thickening preven
Answer thisWho is at rRisk factors include:Gender: Pyloric stenosis occurs more commonly in boys than in girls. Age:
Answer thisHow to knoThe condition is usually diagnosed before the baby is 6 months old. A physical exam may reve
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of pyogenic liver abscess include:Chest pain (lower right) Pain in the right upper ab
Answer thisWho is at hThe following increases your chances of developing pyogenic liver abscess:Immunodeficiency
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Any symptoms of this disorder Severe abdominal pain Confus
Answer thisWhat to expThis condition can be life threatening. The risk for death is higher in people who have many liv
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms include:Dry cough (nonproductive) Fever Headache Joint pain (arthralgia)
Answer thisWhat causeQ fever is caused by the bacteria Coxiella burnetii, which lives in domestic animals such as catt
Answer thisWho is at hYou can get Q fever by drinking raw (unpasteurized) milk, or after inhaling dust or droplets in
Answer thisWhen to seIn case you feel you are developing symptoms as above and has risk factors, contact your hea
Answer thisWhat to expMost people get better with treatment. However, complications can be very serious and some
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of quadriplegia depends on the severity of the injury and the place it occurred.
Answer thisWho is at hSpinal cord injury Tumor affected spinal cord Stroke Cerebral palsy
Answer thisWhen to seWhen you feel quadriplegia, go to see your doctor as soon as possible.
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of quadriplegia depends on:Underlying causes The severity of injury in spinal cord o
Answer thisWhat are tMost patients will present after a documented, highly suspected, or likely exposure from a rab
Answer thisWhat causeIt can happen in wild animals, including raccoons, skunks, bats and foxes, or in dogs, cats or fa
Answer thisWho is at hBeing around wild animals, including raccoons, skunks, bats and foxes, or in dogs, cats or farm
Answer thisWhen to seIn case of a dog bite contact a health professional.
Answer thisWhat to expNo treatment is effective after the development of clinical signs, but the extremely rare case o
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may be different depending on what part of the intestines received the radiation.C
Answer thisWhat causeRadiation therapy uses high-powered x-rays, particles, or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells.
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone who receives radiation therapy to the belly or pelvic area is at risk. This may include p
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you are undergoing radiation therapy or have had radiation in
Answer thisWhat to expWhen the abdomen receives radiation, there is always some nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.In
Answer thisWhat to expWhen the abdomen receives radiation, there is always some nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.In
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone who receives radiation therapy to the belly or pelvic area is at risk. This may include p
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on the bacteria that caused the infection. Symptoms due to Streptobacillu
Answer thisWhat causeRat-bite fever can be caused by the two different bacteria, Streptobacillus moniliformis or Spi
Answer thisWho is at hThe disease has been seen in:Africa Australia Europe Japan North and South AmericaMost peo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You or your child has had recent contact with a rat or other ro
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook is excellent with early treatment. Untreated, the death rate can be as high as 25%
Answer thisWhat are tChild:Avoids caregiver Avoids physical contact Is difficult to comfort Does not make distinction
Answer thisWhat causeReactive attachment disorder is caused by abuse or neglect of an infant's needs for:Emotional
Answer thisWhen to seThis disorder is usually identified when a parent (or prospective parent) is at high risk for negl
Answer thisWhat to expThe right intervention can improve the outcome.
Answer thisWhat are tBleeding Coma Facial droop Headache Joint aches (arthralgia) Muscle aches (myalgia) Nausea
Answer thisWhat causeRelapsing fever is an infection caused by several species of bacteria in the Borrelia family.Ther
Answer thisWho is at hIn the United States, TBRF usually occurs west of the Mississippi River, particularly in the mou
Answer thisWhen to seNotify your medical provider if you are a returning traveler and you develop fever; there are m
Answer thisWhat to expThe death rate for untreated LBRF ranges from 10 - 70%. In TBRF, it is 4 -10%. With early treat
Answer thisWhat are tEarly renal cell carcinoma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people ma
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of renal cell carcinoma is related to several f
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of renal cell carcinoma develop. If you experience e
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome depends on:The stage of the cancer: the size of the tumor, whether the cancer h
Answer thisWhat are tBright flashes of light, especially in peripheral vision Blurred vision A sudden or gradual increa
Answer thisWhat are tRetinal detachments are often associated with a tear or hole in the retina through which eye fl
Answer thisWho is at hA retinal detachment can occur at any age, but it is more common in people over age 40. It aff
Answer thisWhat to exWhat happens will depend on the location and extent of the detachment and whether you re
Answer thisWhat are tBreathing difficulty Difficulty swallowing Drooling High fever High-pitched sound when inhalin
Answer thisWhat causeInfected material (pus) builds up in the space around the tissues at the back of the throat. Thi
Answer thisWho is at hRetropharyngeal abscess generally affects children under age 5, but it can occur at any age.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child develops a high fever with severe throat pai
Answer thisWhat to exIt is important to get immediate medical help. This condition can lead to blockage of the airwa
Answer thisWhat are tRetroversion of the uterus almost never causes any symptoms. Rarely, it may cause pain or di
Answer thisWhat causeRetroversion of the uterus is common. It is the normal uterine position in about 20% of all wo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop persistent pelvic pain or discomfort.
Answer thisWhat to expUsually this condition does not cause problems.
Answer thisWhat are tAn infant with Rett syndrome usually has normal development for the first 6 - 18 months. Sym
Answer thisWhat causeRett syndrome occurs almost exclusively in girls and may be misdiagnosed as autism or cerebr
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any concerns about your child's development, if you
Answer thisWhat to exThe disease slowly progresses until the patient is a teenager. Then, symptoms may improve. F
Answer thisWhat are tRh incompatibility can cause symptoms ranging from very mild to deadly.In its mildest form, R
Answer thisWhat causeDuring pregnancy, red blood cells from the unborn baby can cross into the mother's bloodstre
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you think or know you are pregnant and have not yet seen a d
Answer thisWhat to expFull recovery is expected for mild Rh incompatibility.
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of rhinitis can include the following:Runny noseStuffy nose Sneezing Nose itchi
Answer thisWhat causeAllergic rhinitis - This is caused by allergens. An allergen is something that triggers an allergy. E
Answer thisWho is at hChildren whose parents have allergic rhinitis or other conditions that are caused by allergies h
Answer thisWhen to seYou should seek urgent help if your symptoms affect your daily activities such as your work/sc
Answer thisWhat to expMost symptoms of rhinitis can be treated. For some people, the symptoms resolve as they gro
Answer thisWhat are tThe classic symptoms of acute sinusitis in adults usually follow a cold that does not improve, o
Answer thisWhat causeThe sinuses are air-filled spaces in the skull (behind the forehead, nasal bones, cheeks, and ey
Answer thisWho is at hThe following may increase your risk or your child's risk of developing Rhinoinusitis:Allergic rh
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if:Your symptoms last longer than 10 - 14 days or you have a cold that gets wo
Answer thisWhat to expSinus infections are usually curable with self-care measures and medical treatment. If you are
Answer thisWhat are tVomiting Watery diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Symptoms of dehydration include: Decrease
Answer thisWho is at hThose in child care centers or other settings with many young children are most at risk for infe
Answer thisWhen to seIn cases of severe dehydration the patient must be hospitalized.
Answer thisWhat are t*Neonatal and infants tumors: It presents protruding from the sacral site, a visible lump unde
Answer thisWho is at rThe cause of sacrococcygeal teratoma is not clear.
Answer thisHow to knoPregnant peroidBlood level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in women: This is a routine part of pren
Answer thisWhen to seDuring the pregnant peroid, be careful to observe any changes of yourself and the fetus. If you
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma depends on the following:The location of the tumo
Answer thisWhat are tThe onset of disease symptoms occurs 6 - 72 hours (usually 12-36 hours) after ingestion of sal
Answer thisWhat causeSalmonellosis is caused by salmonella. For salmonella species, over 2 500 different strains (cal
Answer thisWho is at hChildren are at highest risk to get salmonellosis. The rate of diagnosed infections in children le
Answer thisWhen to seThe illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days, and most persons recover without treatment. However, in
Answer thisWhat to expThe illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days, and most persons recover without treatment. However, in
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms vary with the species of worm and the phase of infection.Heavy infestation (many
Answer thisWhat causeYou get a Schistosoma infection through contact with contaminated water. The parasite in its
Answer thisWho is at hLiving in endemic areas and being in contact with contaminated water are risk factors.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of schistosomiasis, especially if you ha
Answer thisWhat to expTreatment before significant damage or severe complications occurs usually produces good re
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of schizoaffective disorder are different in each person. Often, people with sch
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of schizoaffective disorder is unknown. Changes in genes and chemicals in the
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care or mental health provider if you or someone you know is experiencing an
Answer thisWhat to expPeople with schizoaffective disorder have a greater chance of going back to their previous leve
Answer thisWhat are tA person with schizoid personality disorder:Appears aloof and detached Avoids social activitie
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes of schizoid personality disorder are unknown. This disorder may be related to schi
Answer thisWhat to expSchizoid personality disorder is a long-term (chronic) illness that usually dos not improve muc
Answer thisWhat are tSchizophrenia symptoms usually develop slowly over months or years. Sometimes you may ha
Answer thisWhat causeSchizophrenia is a complex illness. Mental health experts are not sure what causes it. Howeve
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Voices are telling you to hurt yourself or others. You feel the u
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook for a person with schizophrenia is difficult to predict. Most of the time, symptoms
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with schizotypal personality disorder may be very disturbed. Their odd behavior may lo
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause is unknown. Genes are thought to be involved, because this condition is more
Answer thisWhen to seTalk to your health care provider or mental health professional if:You have trouble forming an
Answer thisWhat to expSchizotypal personality disorder is usually a long-term (chronic) illness. The outcome of treatm
Answer thisWhat is th Unilateral vestibular schwannoma s affect only one ear. They account for approximately 8 per
Answer thisWhat are The symptoms vary based on the size and location of the tumor. Because the tumors grow so
Answer thisWho is at Scientists believe that both unilateral and bilateral vestibular schwannomas form following th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you experience new or worsening hearing loss or vertigo (dizz
Answer thisWhat to exAcoustic neuromas are not cancer. They do not spread (metastasize) to other body systems, b
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually build up slowly in the late autumn and winter months.Symptoms are usuall
Answer thisWhat causeThe disorder may begin during the teen years or in early adulthood. Like other forms of depre
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of seasonal affe
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is good with treatment. However, some people have the disorder throughout th
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism include symptoms of chronic renal failure, mala
Answer thisWho is at hKidney disease, chronic renal failure Rickets Malnutrition, malabsorption, vitamin D deficiency
Answer thisWhat causeThe parathyroid glands help control calcium use and removal by the body. They do this by pro
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism, partic
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism depends on the underlying cause.
Answer thisWhat are tIt may be hard to tell if someone is having a seizure. Some seizures only cause a person to hav
Answer thisWhat causeUnprovoked seizures are often associated with epilepsy and related seizure disorders.Causes
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 or your local emergency number if:A seizure occurs in a person who has never had on
Answer thisWhat are tAbility to speak at home with family Failure to speak in certain social situations Fear of people
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause of selective mutism is unknown. Most experts believe that children with the conditi
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child has symptoms of selective mutism, and it is affectin
Answer thisWhat to expChildren with this syndrome can have different outcomes. Some may need to continue therap
Answer thisWhat are tExcessive distress when separated from the primary caregiver Nightmares Reluctance to go to
Answer thisWhat causeAs infants develop, they experience various emotions, usually in a predictable order. Before 8
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child has significant separation anxiety after age 2.
Answer thisWhat to expYoung children with symptoms that improve after age 2 are normal, even if some anxiety com
Answer thisWhat are tIn sepsis, blood pressure drops, resulting in shock. Major organs and body systems, including t
Answer thisWhat causeSepsis is caused by a bacterial infection that can begin anywhere in the body. Common places
Answer thisWho is at hAny infectious site can lead to sepsis if not taken proper care of.
Answer thisWhen to seCall a doctor if you develop symptoms of sepsis
Answer thisWhat to expSepsis is often life threatening, especially in people with a weakened immune system or with
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually come on quickly. There is a fever, and joint swelling that is usually in just on
Answer thisWhat causesSeptic arthritis develops when bacteria or other tiny disease-causing organisms (microorganis
Answer thisWho is at hiThe following conditions increase your risk for septic arthritis:Artificial joint implants Bacterial
Answer thisWhen to seeIf you develop symptoms of septic arthritis contact your doctor.
Answer thisWhat to expRecovery is good with prompt antibiotic treatment. If treatment is delayed, permanent joint d
Answer thisWhat are tThe hallmark symptoms are fever greater than 100.4 degrees F (38.0 degrees C) and cough, di
Answer thisWhat causeSARS is caused by a member of the coronavirus family (the same family that can cause the com
Answer thisWho is at hSince severe acute respiratory syndrome is contagious, anyone around a person with severe a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you suspect you or someone you have had close contact with
Answer thisWhat to exAs the first wave of SARS began to subside, the death rate proved to have been about 14 or 15
Answer thisWhat are tEarly sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows large
Answer thisWhat Cause The exact cause of these tumors is unknown. Mutations in FOXL2, DICER1, STK11 are involved
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors is relate
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of ovarian cancer develop. If you experience either
Answer thisWhen to seDirections to Hospitals Treating Ovarian cancer
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors depends on the following:Whether or not t
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms vary among the different types of STDs and may include-Discharge from the pe
Answer thisWhat causeSexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that you can get from having sex with som
Answer thisWho is at hSexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that you can get from having sex with som
Answer thisWhen to seIf you are having any of these symptoms or think you might have an STD, talk to your health c
Answer thisWhat to expEarly and complete treatment has good prognosis. However, if not properly treated it can lead
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Sheehan's syndrome may include: Inability to breast-feed (breast milk never "co
Answer thisWhat causeSevere bleeding during childbirth can cause tissue death in the pituitary gland, which may cau
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook with early diagnosis and treatment is excellent.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually develop about 1 to 7 days (average 3 days) after you come in contact with t
Answer thisWhat causeShigellosis is caused by a group of bacteria called Shigella.There are several types of Shigella.S
Answer thisWho is at hOutbreaks of shigellosis are associated with poor sanitation, contaminated food and water, an
Answer thisWhen to seCall your provider if diarrhea does not improve, if there is blood in the stool, or if there are sig
Answer thisWhat to expOften the infection is mild and goes away on its own. Most patients, except malnourished chil
Answer thisWhat are thDifficulty opening the mouth or swallowing Dry mouth Pain in the face or mouth Swelling of th
Answer thisWhat causesSaliva (spit) is produced by the salivary glands in the mouth. The chemicals in saliva can crysta
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of salivary duct stones.
Answer thisWhat to expSalivary duct stones are uncomfortable, but usually not dangerous. The stone is usually remov
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually don't occur until after age 4 months.Almost all patients with sickle cell anem
Answer thisWhat causesSickle cell anemia is caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin called hemoglobin S.Hemoglo
Answer thisWho is at hSickle cell disease is much more common in people of African and Mediterranean descent. It i
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you have:Painful crises Any symptoms of infection (fever, bod
Answer thisWhat to expIn the past, sickle cell patients often died from organ failure between ages 20 and 40. Thanks
Answer thisWhat are tHeadache Weaknes Fatigue Breathing difficulty Rapid pulse Irritibility Chest pain
Answer thisWhat causeSideroblastic anemia can be caused by heriditory or acquired factors.Heriditory causes of side
Answer thisWho is at hCommon risk factors in the development of sideroblastic anemia are Male gender (X-linked SA
Answer thisWhen to seYou should go to urgent care immediatly if you experience:Chest pain Difficulty breathing Sev
Answer thisWhen to seMedical care for (Sideroblastic anemia) can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis depends on the severity of the disease. Finding the cause is the main factor wh
Answer thisWhat are tChronic cough Shortness of breath with exercise, usually in patients who have progressive ma
Answer thisWhat causesSilica is a common, naturally-occurring crystal. It is found in most rock beds and forms dust du
Answer thisWho is at hiPeople who work in jobs where they are exposed to silica dust are at risk. These jobs include:A
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if you are exposed to silica at work and you have symptoms of t
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome varies depending on the amount of damage to the lungs.
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms vary and depend on the specific sleep disorder.
Answer thisWhat causeDisorders of sleeping and waking can be grouped in four main categories:Problems with fallin
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if lack of sleep, too much sleep, or unu
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome varies with the type of disorder. Some disorders may go away without treatmen
Answer thisWhat are tDifficulty falling asleep Difficulty telling the difference between night and day Early morning aw
Answer thisWhat causesSleep problems are common in the elderly. In general, older people need 30 to 60 minutes les
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if a lack of sleep or too much sleep is in
Answer thisWhat to expFor most people, sleep improves with treatment. However, others may continue to have sleep
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with isolated sleep paralysis have episodes that last from a few seconds to 1 or 2 minu
Answer thisWhat causeIsolated sleep paralysis is more likely to happen during the first two hours of sleep. Not gettin
Answer thisWhat are tAfrican trypanosomiasis symptoms occur in two stages. The first stage is known as the haemo
Answer thisWhat causeTsetse flies carry the infection. When an infected fly bites you, painful, red swelling occurs at t
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include living in parts of Africa where the disease is found and being bitten by tset
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of this disorder. It is important to begin t
Answer thisWhat to expWithout treatment, death may occur within 6 months from cardiac failure or from rhodesiens
Answer thisWhat are tBloody sputum (phlegm) Chest pain Cough Loss of appetite Shortness of breath Weight loss W
Answer thisWhat causeAbout 15% of all lung cancer cases are small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer(SCLC) is sli
Answer thisWho is at hUsually seen in middle aged and elderly History of smoking for many years
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of lung cancer (particularly if you smoke)
Answer thisWhat to expHow well you do depends on how much the lung cancer has spread. This type of cancer is very
Answer thisWhat are tEarly small cell carcinoma of the lung does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger
Answer thisWhat causeAbout 15% of all lung cancer cases are small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer is slightly m
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of small cell carcinoma of the lung is related
Answer thisWhen to seLung cancer is a tumor that cannot be found early. If symptoms of lung cancer develop, go to
Answer thisWhat to expFor most patients with small cell lung cancer, current treatments do not cure the cancer. The
Answer thisWhat are tEarly stomach cancer does not make any symptoms. When the cancer grows larger, people m
Answer thisWho is at rThere are some factors may increase the risk of acquiring small intestine cancer potentially. Th
Answer thisHow to knoIt is hard to diagnose small intestine cancer in its early stages. Other problems can also cause
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of small intestine cancer develop. If one emerges t
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of small intestine cancer depends on the following:Whether or not the tumor c
Answer thisWhat are tRaised pink rash - turns into sores that become crusty on day 14 Delirium Diarrhea Excessive b
Answer thisWhat causeSmallpox is caused by the variola virus that emerged in human populations thousands of year
Answer thisWho is at hToday that the disease has been eradicated, people who work in laboratories with the virus or
Answer thisWhen to seIf you think you may have been exposed to smallpox, contact your health care provider imme
Answer thisWhat to exp30% exposed may become infected 30% of those infected may die Arthritis and bone infection
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with social phobia become overwhelmingly anxious and self-conscious in everyday soc
Answer thisWhat causePeople with social phobias fear and avoid situations in which they may be subject to the scruti
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider or mental health professional if fear is affecting your work and r
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is generally good with treatment, and antidepressant medications have been sh
Answer thisWhat are tEarly soft tissue sarcoma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people ma
Answer thisWho is at rClinical data has suggested that the development of soft tissue sarcoma is related to several fa
Answer thisHow to knoBiopsy: A biopsy is the most important test for the diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma. In this pro
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of soft tissue sarcoma develop. If you experience e
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of soft tissue sarcoma is poor and it depends on the following:Whether or not t
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom of somatoform pain disorder is chronic pain that lasts for several months a
Answer thisWhat causeIn the past, this disorder was thought to be related to emotional stress. The pain was often sa
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child experiences chronic pain.
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook is worse for patients who have had symptoms for a long time. Your outlook will im
Answer thisWhat are tA newborn may have a sac sticking out of the mid to lower back. The doctor cannot see throu
Answer thisWhat causeNormally, during the first month of a pregnancy, the two sides of the spine (or backbone) join
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:A sac sticks out of the spine of a newborn infant. The child is l
Answer thisWhat to expA myelomeningocele can usually be surgically corrected. With treatment, length of life is not s
Answer thisWhat are tBack pain Increased muscle tone (spasticity) Loss of normal bowel and bladder control (may in
Answer thisWhat causeAny trauma to back Tumor Disc prolapse Vertebral compression fractures An abscess or blood
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with underlying spine disease are at high risk of developing spinal cord compression th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of spinal cord compression
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis is poor even with adequate treatment if the syndrome is complete (quadriparesis a
Answer thisWhat are tLow back or neck pain can vary widely. It may feel like a mild tingling, dull ache, or a burning o
Answer thisWhat causeThe bones (vertebrae) of the spinal column run down the back, connecting the skull to the pe
Answer thisWho is at hPeople that have the following factors may be at risk:Age. Herniated discs are most common i
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:you develop persistent, severe back pain you have any numbn
Answer thisWhat to expMost people will improve with conservative treatment. A small percentage may continue to h
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis include:Abdominal pain and bloating Abdomin
Answer thisWhat causeSpontaneous peritonitis is usually caused by ascites, a collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavi
Answer thisWho is at hRisk Factors include:patients who have liver or kidney failure patients who are on dialysis for k
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of peritonitis. This can quickly become an
Answer thisWhat to expThe infection can usually be treated. However, kidney or liver disease may limit recovery.Absc
Answer thisWhat are tLess than 1% of St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) infections are clinically apparent and the vas
Answer thisWhat causesSt. Louis encephalitis is caused by St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV). It is a member of the fam
Answer thisWho is at hAll residents of and visitors to areas where SLEV activity has been identified are at risk of SLEV
Answer thisWhat to expMortality rate ranges from 5% to 30%, with higher rates among the elderly.
Answer thisWhat are tEarly stomach cancer does not have any symptoms. When the cancer grows larger, people ma
Answer thisWho is at hAdenocarcinoma of the stomach is a common cancer of the digestive tract worldwide, althoug
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of gastric cancer develop. If you have the following
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis varies widely. It depends on:The area in which the lump is located The depth to
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Strep throat can be very mild or severe. Symptoms usually develop 2 to 5 days a
Answer thisWho is at hStrep throat is spread by person-to-person contact of nasal secretions or saliva. As a result, str
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common symptoms of pneumonia are:Cough (with some pneumonias you may coug
Answer thisWhat causePneumonia is a common illness that affects millions of people each year in the United States.
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors (conditions that increase your chances of getting pneumonia) include:Cerebral pa
Answer thisWhen to seIn case you feel you are developing symptoms of Pneumonia contact your doctor.
Answer thisWhat to exWith treatment, most patients will improve within 2 weeks. Elderly or very sick patients may n
Answer thisWhat causeMany conditions can cause decreased alertness, including:Chronic kidney disease Extreme tire
Answer thisWhen to seGet medical help if someone has decreased alertness that cannot be explained. Call your local
Answer thisWhat are tStuttering may start with repeating consonants (k, g, t). If stuttering becomes worse, words an
Answer thisWhat causeAbout 5% of children (1 out of every 20 children) aged 2 - 5 will develop some stuttering durin
Answer thisWhen to seCall your provider if:Stuttering is interfering with your child's school work or emotional develo
Answer thisWhat to expIn most children who stutter, the phase passes and speech returns to normal within 3 or 4 yea
Answer thisWhat are tBizarre behavior Dementia (loss of cognitive (thought), emotional, and social abilities) Coma G
Answer thisWhat causeOrdinarily, the measles virus does not cause brain damage, but an abnormal immune respons
Answer thisWho is at hSSPE tends to occur several years after an individual has measles, even though the person see
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child has not completed their scheduled vaccines. The m
Answer thisWhat to expPersons with this disease frequently die 1 to 2 years after diagnosis, but some may survive for
Answer thisWhat are tSevere headache: Headache is the main symptom. It often starts suddenly and starts after a p
Answer thisWho is at Cerebral arteriovenous malformation Cerebral aneurysm Head injury Polycystic kidney disease
Answer thisWhen to seGo to emergency department or call 911 as soon as possible when you feel severe headache.
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage depends on:The location and extent of the bleeding W
Answer thisWhat are In adults:Confused speech Difficulty with balance or walking Headache Lethargy or confusion
Answer thisWhat causSubdural hematomas are usually the result of a serious head injury. When one occurs in this w
Answer thisWho is at The following increase your risk for a subdural hematoma:Anticoagulant medication (blood th
Answer thisWhen to seA subdural hematoma requires emergency medical attention. Call 911 or your local emergenc
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook following a subdural hematoma varies widely depending on the type and location
Answer thisCan humans Swine flu viruses do not normally infect humans. However, sporadic human infections with sw
Answer thisHow common In the past, CDC received reports of approximately one human swine influenza virus infection
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of swine flu in people are expected to be similar to the symptoms of regular hu
Answer thisCan peopleNo. Swine influenza viruses are not transmitted by food. You can not get swine influenza from
Answer thisHow does sInfluenza viruses can be directly transmitted from pigs to people and from people to pigs. Hum
Answer thisWhat do we In September 1988, a previously healthy 32-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized for pn
Answer thisHow can huTo diagnose swine influenza A infection, a respiratory specimen would generally need to be co
Answer thisWhat medicaThere are four different antiviral drugs that are licensed for use in the US for the treatment of
Answer thisWhat otherProbably the most well known is an outbreak of swine flu among soldiers in Fort Dix, New Jers
Answer thisIs the H1NNo. The H1N1 swine flu viruses are antigenically very different from human H1N1 viruses and,
Answer thisWhat are tPrimary syphilis symptoms include:Chancre -- a small, painless open sore or ulcer on the genit
Answer thisWhat causeSyphilis is a sexually transmitted, infectious disease caused by the spirochete Treponema palli
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of syphilis.If you
Answer thisWhat to expSyphilis can be cured if it is diagnosed early and completely treated.Secondary syphilis can be
Answer thisWhat are tTaenia infection usually does not cause any symptoms. However, some people may have abdo
Answer thisWhat causeTaenia infection is caused by eating the raw or undercooked meat of infected animals. Cattle u
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you pass something in your stool tha
Answer thisWhat to expWith treatment, the tapeworm infection goes away.
Answer thisWhat are tPregnancy symptoms include:Abdominal distention Breast enlargement and breast tendernes
Answer thisWhat causeThe rate of adolescent pregnancy and the birth rate for adolescents have generally declined s
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for adolescent pregnancy include:Younger age Poor school performance Economi
Answer thisWhen to seMake an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of pregnancy.You
Answer thisWhat to exHaving her first child during adolescence makes a woman more likely to have more children o
Answer thisWhat are tExcessive sweating Fever General ill feeling Jaw pain that comes and goes or occurs when che
Answer thisWhat causeTemporal, giant cell, and cranial arteritis occur when one or more arteries become inflamed, s
Answer thisWho is at hPatients with followings are at increased risk of temporal arteritis: Age > 50 years Hypertensio
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have a persistent throbbing headache and other symptom
Answer thisWhat to expMost people make a full recovery, but long-term treatment (for 1 to 2 years or longer) may be
Answer thisWhat are tThe headache pain may be described as:Dull, pressure-like (not throbbing) A tight band or vise
Answer thisWhat causeTension headaches are one of the most common forms of headaches. They may occur at any a
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if:You are experiencing "the worst headache of your life." You have speech, vision, or
Answer thisWhat to exTension headaches often respond well to treatment, and do not cause serious medical proble
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms vary depending on the location. Early teratoma does not have any sympt
Answer thisWhat causIt is often located in the chest area. Most malignant teratomas can spread throughout the bod
Answer thisWho is at hTeratoma occurs most often in young men in their 20s - 30s
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of teratoma develop. If you experience either of th
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of teratoma depends on the following:Whether or not the tumor can be remov
Answer thisWhat are tMost testicular cancers are found by men themselves. Also, doctors generally examine the tes
Answer thisWhat are thThe exact causes of testicular cancer are not known. However, studies have shown that sever
Answer thisWho is at hTesticular cancer accounts for only 1 percent of all cancers in men in the United States. About
Answer thisWhat to expRegular follow-up exams are extremely important for men who have been treated for testicul
Answer thisWhat are tSudden onset of severe pain in one testicle, with or without a previous predisposing event Sw
Answer thisWhat causeSome men may be predisposed to testicular torsion as a result of inadequate connective tissu
Answer thisWho is at hThe condition is more common during infancy (first year of life) and at the beginning of adoles
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if testicular torsi
Answer thisWhat to expIf the condition is diagnosed quickly and immediately corrected, the testicle may continue to f
Answer thisWhat are tThe infection causes painful tightening of the muscles, usually all over the body. It can lead to
Answer thisWhat causeTetanus is often associated with rust, especially rusty nails, but this concept is somewhat misl
Answer thisWho is at hPeople in developing countries are more at risk because of lack of vaccination.
Answer thisWhen to seThe wound should be taken care of as soon as possible.
Answer thisWhat to expIf you get tetanus, there is usually a long course of treatment. The tetanus vaccine can preven
Answer thisWhat are tThe most severe form of alpha thalassemia major causes stillbirth (death of the unborn baby d
Answer thisWhat causeHemoglobin is made of two proteins: Alpha globin and beta globin. Thalassemia occurs when
Answer thisWho is at hAsian, Chinese, Mediterranean, or African American ethnicity Family history of the disorder
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You or your child has symptoms of th
Answer thisWhat to expSevere thalassemia can cause early death due to heart failure, usually between ages 20 and 30
Answer thisWhat are tYou may not have any symptoms. Or you may have general symptoms, such as:Bleeding in the
Answer thisWhat causThrombocytopenia is often divided into three major causes of low platelets:Not enough plate
Answer thisWhen to seCall your healthcare provider if you experience unexplained bleeding or bruising.
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome depends on the disorder causing the low platelet counts.
Answer thisWhat are tThe following symptoms are often associated with thrombophlebitis:Inflammation (swelling) i
Answer thisWhat causeThe following increase your chances for thrombophlebitis:Being hospitalized for a major surge
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of thrombophlebitis.Call your health care
Answer thisWhat to exThrombophlebitis and other forms of phlebitis usually respond to prompt medical treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of thyroid adenoma includes the following: Swelling or pain infront of the
Answer thisWhat causeCommon causes of thyroid adenoma include iodine deficiency, chronic inflammation, and gen
Answer thisWho is at hPeople with positive family history of thyroid adenoma are at highest risk of thyroid adenoma
Answer thisWhen to seSeek urgent medical care if there are pressure symptoms of thyroid adenoma or its complicati
Answer thisWhat to exDepending on the extent of the tumor at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis of thyroid adeno
Answer thisWhat are tWhile patients with early thyroid cancer do not present with any symptoms, as the tumor gro
Answer thisWhat causeWhile the exact cause of thyroid cancer is unknown, certain genetic mutations are suspected
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data have suggested that the development of thyroid cancer is related to various facto
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of thyroid cancer develop.
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of thyroid cancer depends on the following:The histological type The stage of ca
Answer thisWhat are tWatch for the following symptoms of tick-borne disease in the weeks following a tick bite:Ras
Answer thisWhat causeWhile most ticks do not carry diseases, some ticks may carry bacteria that can cause:Lyme dis
Answer thisWho is at hPeople who spend time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors are at risk for tick-borne
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have symptoms of Tick-borne disease contact health care professional. Long-term treat
Answer thisWhat are tMucous membrane lesion, lump, or ulcer:May be a deep, hard-edged crack in the tissue Most
Answer thisWhat causeOral cancer most commonly involves the tissue of the lips or the tongue. It may also occur on
Answer thisWho is at hSmokers People infected with HPV People who practice poor dental and oral hygiene
Answer thisWhen to seOral cancer may be discovered when the dentist performs a routine cleaning and examination
Answer thisWhat to exApproximately half of people with oral cancer will live more than 5 years after diagnosis and t
Answer thisWhat are tDifficulty swallowingEar painFever, chillsHeadacheSore throat - lasts longer than 48 hours and
Answer thisWhat causeA bacterial or viral infection can cause tonsillitis. Strep throat is a common cause. The infectio
Answer thisWho is at hiTonsillitis is very common, especially in children.
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if there is:Excess drooling in a young childFever, especially 101°
Answer thisWhat to expTonsillitis symptoms due to strep usually get better about 2 or 3 days after you start the antib
Answer thisWhat are tDifficulty swallowing Ear pain Fever, chills Headache Sore throat - lasts longer than 48 hours a
Answer thisWhat causesThe tonsils are lymph nodes in the back of the mouth and top of the throat. They normally he
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if:A sore throat lasts longer than 48 hours New symptoms devel
Answer thisWhat to expTonsillitis symptoms usually improve 2 or 3 days after treatment starts. The infection usually i
Answer thisWhat are tLimited range of motion of the head Headache Head tremor Neck pain Shoulder is higher on o
Answer thisWhat causesTorticollis may be:Inherited: Due to specific changes in your genes Acquired: Develops as a res
Answer thisWhen to seeCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms do not improve with treat
Answer thisWhat to expThe condition may be easier to correct in infants and children. If the condition becomes chron
Answer thisWhat are tMost people with Tourette syndrome first notice symptoms during childhood, between ages 7
Answer thisWhat causeTourette syndrome is named for Georges Gilles de la Tourette, who first described this disorde
Answer thisWhen to seMake an appointment with your health care provider if you have tics that are severe or persis
Answer thisWhat to exSymptoms usually peak during the teenage years and then improve in early adulthood.Althou
Answer thisWhat are tThe rapid widening of the colon may cause the following symptoms:Abdominal pain Abdomin
Answer thisWhat are tToxic megacolon occurs as a complication of inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative c
Answer thisWho is at hChemotherapy Radiation therapy Crohn's disease Hirschsprung's disease Intestinal infection L
Answer thisWhat are tConfusion Diarrhea General ill-feeling Headaches High fever, sometimes accompanied by chill
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include:Childbirth Current Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection Foreign bod
Answer thisWhat to exToxic shock syndrome may be deadly in up to 50% of cases. The condition may return in those
Answer thisWhat are tMost primary infections produce no symptoms. The time between exposure to the parasite an
Answer thisWho is at hToxoplasmosis is found in humans worldwide, and in many species of animals and birds. Cats
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of toxoplasm
Answer thisWhat to exAcute infection in children may cause swelling of the retina in the eye. In adults with a healthy
Answer thisWhat are tDeep cough (similar to that caused by croup) Difficulty breathing High fever High-pitched brea
Answer thisWhat causeBacterial tracheitis is most often caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. It frequently f
Answer thisWho is at hTracheitis affects mostly young children, possibly because their small trachea is easily blocked
Answer thisWhen to seTracheitis is an emergency medical condition. Go to the emergency room if your child has had
Answer thisWhat to expWith prompt treatment, the child should recover.
Answer thisWhat are tThe child may have facial tics or tics involving movement of the arms, legs, or other areas.Tics
Answer thisWhat causesTransient tic disorder is common in children.The cause of transient tic disorder can be physica
Answer thisWhen to seTalk to your health care provider if you are concerned about a transient tic disorder, especiall
Answer thisWhat to expSimple childhood tics usually disappear over a period of months.
Answer thisWhat are tTransverse myelitis may be either acute (developing over hours to several days) or subacute (
Answer thisWhat causeResearchers are uncertain of the exact causes of transverse myelitis. The inflammation that ca
Answer thisWho is at hTransverse myelitis occurs in adults and children, in both genders, and in all races. No familial
Answer thisWhat to expRecovery from transverse myelitis usually begins within 2 to 12 weeks of the onset of symptom
Answer thisWhat are tBacterial and viral TD presents with the sudden onset of bothersome symptoms that can rang
Answer thisWhat causeTraveler's diarrhea may be caused by an infection with either bacteria, virus, or parasite. E. co
Answer thisWho is at hThe most important determinant of risk is travel destination, and there are regional difference
Answer thisWhat to expMost cases of traveler's diarrhea are self-limited with an excellent outlook/prognosis. In some
Answer thisWhat causeTrichomoniasis is found worldwide. In the United States, the highest number of cases are seen
Answer thisWhat are tAbout 70% of infected people do not have any signs or symptoms. When trichomoniasis does
Answer thisWho is at hWomen between the ages of 16-35 make up the largest demographic affected by Trichomonia
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if any unusual vaginal discharge or irrit
Answer thisWhat to expWith proper treatment, the outcome is likely to be excellent. Individuals, generally, make a fu
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal cramps Diarrhea, worse on high-fat diet Excessive gas (flatus) Indigestion Irritabilit
Answer thisWhat causeThis disease is caused by inflammation of, and damage to the small intestine due to having too
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors are:Living in the tropics Long periods of travel to tropical destinations
Answer thisWhat are tLatent TB is dormant in the alveoli of the lungs. As active TB develops, the bacteria spread out
Answer thisWhat Cause Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bac
Answer thisWho is at hTuberculosis is transmitted from person to person through the air (cough, sneeze, or speaking
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have been exposed to TB or traveled to areas with endem
Answer thisWhere to FDirections to Hospitals Treating Tuberculosis
Answer thisWhat to expSymptoms often improve in 2 - 3 weeks. A chest x-ray will not show this improvement until lat
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms usually begin gradually, and may include:Fever and chills Mental status change
Answer thisWhat causeTuberculous meningitis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause tube
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include a history of:AIDS Excessive alcohol use Pulmonary tuberculosis Weakened
Answer thisWhen to seCall the local emergency number (such as 911) or go to an emergency room if you suspect me
Answer thisWhat to expTuberculous meningitis is life threatening if untreated. Long-term follow-up is needed to dete
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of tumor lysis syndrome are:Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Lethargy Seizure Tetan
Answer thisWhat causeMost common causes of tumor lysis syndrome are:Burkitt's lymphoma Acute lymphoblastic le
Answer thisWho is at hchemotherapy with kidney disease dehydration, Hematologic tumors Solid tumors.
Answer thisWhen to seyour health care provider will assess uyou the whole time.
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of tumor lysis syndrome is good with treatment and if not associated with rena
Answer thisWhat are tPossible symptoms in young infants include:Swollen hands and feet Wide and webbed neckA
Answer thisWhat causeHumans have 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes contain all of your genes and DNA, the buildin
Answer thisWho is at hTurner syndrome is a genetic condition that only occurs in females. Females with a family hist
Answer thisWhat to exThose with Turner syndrome can have a normal life when carefully monitored by their doctor
Answer thisWhat are tThe donor twin is usually born smaller than the other twin, usually with paleness, anemia, and
Answer thisWhat causeTTTS occurs when blood moves from one twin to the other.The twin that loses the blood is ca
Answer thisWhat to exIf the twin-to-twin transfusion is mild, full recovery is expected for both babies. However, seve
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain Agitation Bloody stools Chills Confusion Difficulty paying attention (attention
Answer thisWhat causeThe bacteria that causes typhoid fever -- S. typhi -- spreads through contaminated food, drink
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone who has been in contact with Salmonella Tyhpi bacteria.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have had any known exposure to typhoid fever or if you h
Answer thisWhat to expSymptoms usually improve in 2 to 4 weeks with treatment. The outcome is likely to be good w
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of murine or endemic typhus may include:Abdominal pain Backache Diarrhea Dull
Answer thisWhat causeTyphus is caused by one of two types of bacteria: Rickettsia typhi or Rickettsia prowazekii. The
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of typhus. This serious disorder can re
Answer thisWhat to expWithout treatment, death may occur in 10 - 60% of patients with epidemic typhus. Patients ov
Answer thisWhat are tUpper gastrointestinal bleeding is usually seen asBloody vomit Vomit that looks like coffee gro
Answer thisWhat causeThe most common cause of upper GI bleeding is an ulcer in the stomach or small intestine. Irr
Answer thisWho is at hCommon risk factors in the development of upper gastrointestinal bleeding include:Advancing
Answer thisWhen to seSee your doctor right away if you:Vomit blood or something that looks like coffee grounds Hav
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis is generally good with treatment, and the 1-year mortality rate of patients with non
Answer thisWhat are tTypically, the baby begins nursing well and seems normal. However, over time the baby devel
Answer thisWhat causeThe urea cycle is a process in which waste (ammonia) is removed from the body. When you ea
Answer thisWho is at hBoys are more often affected by ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency than girls. Girls are rar
Answer thisWhen to seIf your child has a test that shows increased ammonia in the blood, have the child examined b
Answer thisWhat to expHow well patients do depends on:Which urea cycle abnormality they have How severe it is Ho
Answer thisWhat are tSigns of urethral cancer include bleeding or trouble with urination.These and other signs and s
Answer thisWho is at hAnything that increases your chance of getting a disease is called a risk factor. Having a risk fac
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of urethral cancer depends on the following factors:Anatomical location Size St
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of a bladder infection include:Cloudy or bloody urine, which may have a foul o
Answer thisWhat causesUrinary tract infections are caused by germs, usually bacteria that enter the urethra and then
Answer thisWho is at hWomen are more prone to urinary tract infections as germs in the vagina can be pushed into t
Answer thisWhen to seeContact your health care provider if you have symptoms of a UTI. Call right away if the followi
Answer thisWhat to expA urinary tract infection is uncomfortable, but treatment is usually successful. Symptoms of a
Answer thisWhat are tEarly uterine cancer does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may noti
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of uterine cancer is related to several factor
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of uterine cancer develop. If you experience a large
Answer thisWhat to expGenerally speaking, the prognosis of uterine cancer is relatively good because it can be diagno
Answer thisWhat are tMore common symptoms of uterine fibroids are:Abdominal fullness, gas, or constipation Blee
Answer thisWhat causeUterine fibroids are the most common pelvic tumor. As many as 1 in 5 women may have fibro
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have gradual changes in your menstrual pattern, includin
Answer thisWhat to expSome women with fibroids have no symptoms and may not need treatment.During a pregnan
Answer thisWhat are tUveitis can affect one or both eyes. Symptoms may develop rapidly and may vary depending o
Answer thisWhat causeUveitis can have many causes, including injury to the eye, viruses, bacteria, parasites, and exp
Answer thisWho is at hPeople of all ages and both sexes can develop uveitis, although it is more common in women.
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of uveitis (e.g. e
Answer thisWhat to expWhen left untreated, uveitis can lead to permanent vision loss. Additionally, a more serious, p
Answer thisWhat are tEarly vaginal cancer does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may noti
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of vaginal cancer is related to several factor
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of vaginal cancer develop. If you experience either
Answer thisHow will VaImpact of the cancer on sex life vary greatly among people with some people having no or littl
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of vaginal cancer depends primarily on the following:Location of the tumor in vagin
Answer thisWhat are tVaginal penetration during sex is difficult or impossible. Vaginal pain is common during sexual
Answer thisWhat causeVaginismus is considered a disorder of sexual dysfunction. It has several possible causes, inclu
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have pain associated with intercourse or difficulties with successful vaginal penetration
Answer thisWhat to expWhen treated by a specialist in sex therapy, success rates are generally very high.
Answer thisWhat are tIrritation and itching of the genital area Inflammation (irritation, redness, and swelling) of the
Answer thisWhat causeVulvovaginitis can affect women of all ages and is extremely common. It can be caused by bac
Answer thisWho is at hVulvovaginitis can affect women of all ages and is extremely common. It can be caused by bac
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if vulvovaginitis symptoms are present or if known vulvovaginiti
Answer thisWhat to expProper treatment of an infection is usually very effective.
Answer thisWho is at hVRE infections are more common in patients who:Are in the hospital, especially if they are tak
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain Diarrhea Nausea VomitingOther symptoms may include:Chills Clammy skin Ex
Answer thisWhat causesViral gastroenteritis is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in both adults and children. Many typ
Answer thisWho is at hIt can occur in any age group and is seen frequently in both children and adults.
Answer thisWhen to seeCall your health care provider if diarrhea persists for more than several days or if dehydration
Answer thisWhat to expMost infections will go away on their own. Children may become severely ill from dehydration
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms may vary according to the disease, but in general, patients with VHF pres
Answer thisWhat causeViral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are caused by several families of enveloped RNA viruses, inclu
Answer thisWho is at hSome VHFs are spread on person to person basis, through direct contact with symptomatic pa
Answer thisWhen to seIf you think you are developing symptoms of this disease contact your doctor. Common sympt
Answer thisWhat to expHemorrhagic fever varies in severity. Severe infections with internal bleeding and fever (hemo
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain Abnormal sensitivity to light (photophobia) Chills Confusion Drowsiness Fever
Answer thisWhat are thThere are many causes of aseptic meningitis, including:Cancer (causes a syndrome similar to m
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of aseptic meningitis.
Answer thisWhat to expUnlike other forms of meningitis, aseptic meningitis caused by a virus is usually a harmless dis
Answer thisWhat causesVirilization may be caused by:Excess testosterone production Use of anabolic steroidsIn newb
Answer thisWhat are tPeople with mild anemia may have no symptoms, or symptoms may be very mild.More typica
Answer thisWhat causeYour body needs vitamin B12 to make red blood cells. In order to provide vitamin B12 to your
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have any of the symptoms of anemia.
Answer thisWhat to expTreatment for this form of anemia is usually effective. Any damage to the nerves may be perm
Answer thisWhat are tBloody or dark red stools Constipation or difficulty releasing stools Distended abdomen Pain o
Answer thisWhat are tA birth defect called intestinal malrotation can make infants more likely to develop a volvulus
Answer thisWho is at rYoung children Children with a birth defect called intestinal malrotation
Answer thisHow to knoThe following tests are done to diagnose volvulusBarium enema Blood tests to check electroly
Answer thisWhat are tAbnormally heavy menstrual bleeding Bleeding of the gums without apparent cause Easy brui
Answer thisWhat causeVon Willebrand disease is caused by a deficiency of von Willebrand factor. Von Willebrand fac
Answer thisWho is at hA family history of a bleeding disorder is the primary risk factor. In women with heavy or prolo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if bleeding occurs without reason.If you have von Willebrand di
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis is overall very good, most patients have mild forms of the disease and can expect no
Answer thisWhat are tEarly vulvar cancer does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may notic
Answer thisWho is at hClinical data has suggested that the development of vulvar cancer is related to several factors
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of vulvar cancer develop. If you experience either o
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis depends on:The stage of the cancer Whether or not the tumor can be removed
Answer thisHow will vuImpact of the cancer on sex life vary greatly among people with some people having no or littl
Answer thisWhat are tEarly Warthin's tumor does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may n
Answer thisWho is at The cause of Warthin's tumor is not clear. But clinical data suggest that smoking has a close re
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Warthin's tumor develop.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Wernicke's encephalopathy:Confusion Loss of muscle coordination (ataxia) Leg t
Answer thisWhat causeWernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome are different conditions that are both du
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider or go to the emergency room if you have symptoms of Wernick
Answer thisWhat to exWithout treatment, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome gets steadily worse and can be life threate
Answer thisWhat are tMost people who are infected with West Nile virus have no symptoms. Others may have only
Answer thisWhat causeWest Nile virus was first identified in 1937 in Uganda in eastern Africa. It was first discovered
Answer thisWho is at hOnly a few mosquitoes carry West Nile Virus. For most people, the risk is low. Some people ha
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of West Nile virus infection, especially if y
Answer thisWhat to expIn general, the outcome of a mild West Nile virus infection is excellent.For patients with sever
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms range from mild to severe. Sometimes, there are no symptoms. A severe infection
Answer thisWhat are tWhipworm infection is caused by the roundworm, Trichocephalus trichiura. It is a common inf
Answer thisWhen to seSeek medical attention if you or your child develop bloody diarrhea. In addition to whipworm,
Answer thisWhat to exFull recovery is expected with treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tThe following symptoms may occur:Abnormal sensations Hand or forearm ("back" of the hand
Answer thisWhat causeRadial neuropathy occurs when there is damage to the radial nerve, which travels down the a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have had an injury to the arm, and you develop numbnes
Answer thisWhat to expIf the cause of the nerve dysfunction can be found and successfully treated, there is a good ch
Answer thisWhat are tAfter 2 - 4 weeks of infection, the person develops a sore called a "mother yaw" where bacter
Answer thisWhat causYaws is an infection caused by the spiral-shaped bacteria, Treponema pallidum, subspecies pe
Answer thisWho is at hYaws mainly affects children in rural, warm, tropical areas, such as the Caribbean Islands, Latin
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if you or your child has sores on the skin or bone that don't
Answer thisWhat to expIf treated in its early stages, yaws can be cured. Skin lesions may take several months to heal.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms include:Arrhythmias, heart dysfunction Bleeding (may progress to hemorrhage) Co
Answer thisWhat causeYellow fever is caused by a small virus that is spread by the bite of mosquitoes. This disease is
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone can get yellow fever, but the elderly have a higher risk of severe infection. It is commo
Answer thisWhen to seA person with advanced yellow fever may show signs of liver failure, renal failure, and shock.
Answer thisWhat to expYellow fever varies in severity. Severe infections with internal bleeding and fever (hemorrhagi
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of rhinocerebral zygomycosis include:Eye swelling and protrusion (proptosis) Dark
Answer thisWhat causeZygomycosis is caused by common fungi frequently found in the soil and in decaying vegetatio
Answer thisWho is at hConditions most commonly associated with zygomycosis include diabetes (usually poorly cont
Answer thisWhen to sePeople with weakened immune systems and immune disorders (including diabetes) should se
Answer thisWhat to exZygomycosis has an extremely high death rate even when aggressive surgery is done. Death ra
Answer thisWhat are tSwollen, tender, or hard lymph nodes Red, tender skin over lymph nodeLymph nodes may fee
Answer thisWhat causeThe lymph system is a network of lymph nodes, lymph ducts, lymph vessels, and organs that p
Answer thisWhat to expPrompt treatment with antibiotics usually results in complete recovery, though it may take we
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms that suggest increased cortisol or other adrenal gland hormone production: Fatty, r
Answer thisWhat causeAdrenocortical carcinoma is most common in children younger than 5 and adults in their 30s a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you or your child has symptoms of adrenocortical carcinoma,
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome depends on how early the diagnosis is made and whether the tumor has spread
Answer thisWhat are tThe symptoms of adrenal insufficiency usually begin gradually. Usual symptoms include:Chron
Answer thisWho is at hGenetic defects of adrenal gland Underactive parathyroid glands Pernicious anemia Chronic fu
Answer thisWhen to seThe urgent, severe worsening symptoms adrenal insufficiency is called an addisonian crisis or
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of adrenal insufficiency depends on:Whether the patient has received hormone
Answer thisWhat are tTo be diagnosed with anorexia, a person must:Have an intense fear of gaining weight or becom
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact causes of anorexia nervosa are unknown. Many factors probably are involved. Gene
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for anorexia include:Trying to be perfect or overly focused on rules Being more wo
Answer thisWhen to seTalk to your doctor if a loved one is:Too focused on weight Over-exercising Limiting his or her
Answer thisWhat to expAnorexia nervosa is a serious condition that can be deadly. By some estimates, it leads to deat
Answer thisWhat are tThis disease usually occurs in childhood. Symptoms include:Constipation Growth failure Increa
Answer thisWhat causeIn some cases, Bartter syndrome may be genetic and the condition is present from before birt
Answer thisWho is at hAnyone with a family history of Bartter syndrome is at risk.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if your child is:Having muscle cramps Not growing well Urinatin
Answer thisWhat to expThe long-term outlook for patients with Bartter syndrome is not certain. Infants who have sev
Answer thisWhat are tMost carcinoid tumors have no symptoms. They only produce the syndrome about 10% of the
Answer thisWhat causeCarcinoid syndrome is the pattern of symptoms sometimes seen in people with carcinoid tum
Answer thisWho is at hCarcinoid tumor (patient information)| Carcinoid tumors patients are at risk of carcinoid synd
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of carcinoid syn
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook in patients with carcinoid syndrome is different from the outlook in patients who
Answer thisWhat are tConfusion may come on quickly or slowly over time, depending on the cause. Many times, con
Answer thisWhat causeAlcohol intoxication Brain tumor Concussion Fever Fluid and electrolyte imbalance Head traum
Answer thisWho is at hConfusion is more common in the elderly, and often occurs during a hospital stay.Some confu
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 if:Confusion has come on suddenly or there are other symptoms such as: Cold or clam
Answer thisWhat are tSome babies with congenital hypothyroidism do not appear any signs at birth.Some may have
Answer thisWhat causeHypothyroidism in the newborn may be caused by:A missing or abnormally developed thyroid
Answer thisWho is at hMutations in the DUOX2, PAX8, SLC5A5, TG, TPO, TSHB, and TSHR genes result in congenital h
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You feel your infant shows signs or symptoms of hypothyroidi
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of congenital hypothyroidism depends on whether the baby starts thyroid hormone
Answer thisWhat are tEarly stage diabetic nephropathy has no symptoms. Over time, the kidney's ability to function
Answer thisWhat causeThe exact cause of diabetic nephropathy is unknown, but it is believed that uncontrolled high
Answer thisWho is at hPersons with diabetes who have the following risk factors are more likely to develop this cond
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have diabetes and a routine urinalysis shows protein. Call
Answer thisWhat to expNephropathy is a major cause of sickness and death in persons with diabetes. It is the leading
Answer thisWhat are tNormal vision. Courtesy NIH National Eye Institute The same view with diabetic retinopathy.E
Answer thisWho is at hAll people with either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes The longer the patient has diabetes, the more
Answer thisWhen to seIf you have diabetes and you have not seen an ophthalmologist in the past year, you need to s
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of diabetic retinopathy depends on:Whether your blood sugar and blood pressure a
Answer thisWhat are tInfants with galactosemia can develop symptoms in the first few days of life if they eat formul
Answer thisWho is at hGalactosemia is an inherited disorder. This means it is passed down through families.It occurs
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:Your infant has a combination of galactosemia symptoms You
Answer thisWhat to exPeople who get an early diagnosis and strictly avoid milk products can live a relatively normal
Answer thisWhat are tUsually there are no symptoms, or the symptoms are mild and not life threatening to the preg
Answer thisWhat causePregnancy hormones can block insulin from doing its job. When this happens, glucose levels m
Answer thisWho is at hYou are at greater risk for gestational diabetes if you:Are older than 25 when you are pregnan
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you are pregnant and you have symptoms of diabetes.
Answer thisWhat to expMost women with gestational diabetes are able to control their blood sugar and avoid harm to
Answer thisWhat are tConstant hunger and need to eat often Easy bruising and nosebleeds Fatigue Irritability Puffy c
Answer thisWhat causeVon Gierke disease occurs when the body lacks the protein (enzyme) that releases glucose fro
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have a family history of glycogen storage disease or early
Answer thisWhat to expSince treatments have been developed, growth, puberty, and quality of life have improved for
Answer thisWhat are tHypotoniaMuscular weaknessFailure to thriveRespiratory distress
Answer thisWhat CausPompe disease occurs when the body lacks the protein (enzyme) that releases glycogen. This
Answer thisWho is at hSiblings of patients with pompe disease are at highest risk
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have a family history of glycogen storage disease or symp
Answer thisWhere to fMedical care for (disease name) can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to expDepending on the age of onset of glycogen storage disease type 2, the prognosis may vary. Th
Answer thisWhat are tConstant hunger and need to eat often Fatigue Irritability Abdominal protrusion
Answer thisWhat Cause Cori disease occurs when the body lacks the protein (enzyme) that releases glucose from glyco
Answer thisWho is at hSiblings of patients with cori disease are at highest risk
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have a family history of glycogen storage disease or early
Answer thisWhere to fiMedical care for glycogen storage disease type III can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to expSince treatments have been developed, growth, puberty, and quality of life have improved for
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is a swollen thyroid gland. The size may range from a single small nodule t
Answer thisWhat causeThere are different kinds of goiters. A simple goiter can occur for no known reason, or when t
Answer thisWho is at hInherited factors may cause goiters. Risk factors include:Age over 40 years Family history of go
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you experience any swelling in the front of your neck or any o
Answer thisWhat to expA simple goiter may disappear on its own, or may become large. Over time, destruction to the
Answer thisWhat are tBreast enlargement Breast pain
Answer thisWhat causAll men have both androgens and estrogens in fix levels. Androgens are hormones that create
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if: You have recent swelling, pain, or enlargement in one or both
Answer thisWhat are tFatigue Headache Hypertension Intermittent paralysis Muscle weakness Numbness
Answer thisWhat are tPersons with primary hyperaldosteronism have a problem with the adrenal gland that causes
Answer thisWho is at hThe condition is common in people ages 30 - 50.
Answer thisWhat are tHyperandrogenism:Acne Amenorrhea (absence of menstrual periods) Changes in female body
Answer thisWhat causIn healthy women, the ovaries and adrenal glands produce about 40 - 50% of the body's testo
Answer thisWhat to exThe success of the treatment depends on what caused the excess androgen production.If the
Answer thisWhat are tHyperkalemia often has no symptoms. Occasionally, people may have the following symptom
Answer thisWhat causePotassium is involved in regulating muscle tissue, and is part of digestion, metabolism, and ho
Answer thisWho is at hAny time potassium is released from the cells, it may build up in the fluid outside the cells and
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have symp
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome with this condition varies. In some people, the disorder causes deadly complicati
Answer thisWho is at hElderly patients with type 2 diabetes who have decreased access to fluids or any condition tha
Answer thisWhen to seSeek urgent medical care as soon as possible especially in a diabetic patient, if you experience
Answer thisWhen to seDirections to Hospitals Treating hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state depends on:Whether the patient is diagno
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of hyperthyroidism vary from person to person. Usual signs include the following:G
Answer thisWho is at hGraves’ disease Thyroid nodules Thyroiditis Too much iodine ingestion Over-medicating with s
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of hyperthyroidism develop. If you experience eith
Answer thisWhat to exMany cases of hyperthyroidism are generally treatable. Prognosis depends on whether or not
Answer thisWhat are tCold sweats Confusion Convulsions Coma Double vision or blurry vision Fatigue General discom
Answer thisWhat causHypoglycemia occurs when:Your body's sugar (glucose) is used up too quickly Glucose is relea
Answer thisWho is at hHypoglycemia is relatively common in persons with diabetes.
Answer thisWhen to seGo to the emergency room immediately or call a local emergency number (such as 911) if earl
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of hypoglycemia depends on:The cause of hypoglycemia Whether the patient is dia
Answer thisWhat are Common symptoms include:Abnormal eye movements (nystagmus) Convulsions Fatigue Musc
Answer thisWhat causSeveral conditions can cause hypomagnesemia, including:Alcoholism Chronic diarrhea High bl
Answer thisWhen to seHypomagnesemia can be a life-threatening emergency. Call your health care provider if you h
Answer thisWhat to exThe outcome depends on the condition that is causing the problem.
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms of hypopituitarism vary, depending on which pituitary hormones are defi
Answer thisWho is at hHead traumaBrain tumor Brain surgery Radiation treatment Autoimmune inflammation, such
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis of hypopituitarism depends on:The cause of hypopituitarism: Prognosis of hypopitu
Answer thisWhat are tLipoma is usually asymptomatic. However, it may be painful. Lipomas are often located under
Answer thisWho is at hThe exact cause of lipomas is not clear. Studies suggest injury may help the development of lip
Answer thisWhen to seA lipoma is rarely a serious medical condition. However, a rapidly growing mass needs further
Answer thisWhat to expThe outlook of lipoma is always good.
Answer thisWhat are tYou may have intense or uncontrollable thirst, and crave ice water. You will produce large am
Answer thisWhat causeNephrogenic diabetes insipidus occurs when the kidney tubules do not respond to a chemical
Answer thisWho is at hNephrogenic diabetes insipidus is rare. Congenital diabetes insipidus is present at birth as a re
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Answer thisWhat to expIf a person drinks enough fluids, this condition has no significant effects on the fluid or electro
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms depend on which hormone is made by the tumor.For example, insulinomas produc
Answer thisWhat causeIn the normal pancreas, cells called islet cells produce hormones that regulate a variety of bod
Answer thisWho is at A family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia, type I (MEN I) is a risk factor for islet cell tum
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop symptoms of these tumors, especially if you have
Answer thisWhat to exYou may be cured if the tumors are surgically removed before they have spread to other orga
Answer thisWhat are tThere are no symptoms in the early stages of the disease. Symptoms occurring late in the dise
Answer thisWhat causeOsteoporosis is the most common type of bone disease. Researchers estimate that about 1 ou
Answer thisWho is at hWhite women, especially those with a family history of osteoporosis, have a greater than aver
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of osteoporosis or if you wish to be scree
Answer thisWhat to expMedications to treat osteoporosis can help prevent fractures, but vertebrae that have already
Answer thisWhat are Abdominal pain Chest pain Irritability Nervousness Pallor Palpitations Rapid heart rate Severe
Answer thisWhat causPheochromocytoma may occur as a single tumor or as more than one growth. It usually devel
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of pheochromocytoma You had a pheoch
Answer thisWhat to exMost patients who have noncancerous tumors that are removed with surgery are still alive aft
Answer thisWhat are tMost pituitary tumors produce too much of one or more hormones. As a result, symptoms of
Answer thisWhat causeThe causes of pituitary adenomas are unknown. However, some are part of a hereditary disor
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you develop any symptoms of a pituitary tumor.
Answer thisWhat to expIf the tumor can be surgically removed, the outlook is fair to good, depending upon whether t
Answer thisWhat are tBefore 8 or 9 yeays old, girls and boys with precocious puberty show signs of secondary sex ch
Answer thisWho is at hCongenital adrenal hyperplasia Disorders of the testicles, ovaries, or adrenal glands Hypothala
Answer thisWhen to seIf your child has any signs and symptoms of precocious puberty, call your health care provider
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis in patients with precocious puberty depends on the cause.
Answer thisWhat are tA female with amenorrhea will have no menstrual flow with or without other signs of puberty
Answer thisWhat causeHormones play a big role in a woman's menstrual cycle. Hormone problems can occur when:C
Answer thisWho is at hMost girls begin menstruating between ages 9 and 18, with an average around 12 years old. P
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health provider if your daughter is older than age 16 and has not yet begun menstru
Answer thisWhat to exOverall the outlook is good, depending on the cause of the amenorrhea. If the amenorrhea is
Answer thisWhat are tEarly prolactinoma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may notic
Answer thisWhat causeAlthough research continues to unravel the mysteries of disordered cell growth, the cause of
Answer thisWho is at hProlactinoma is the most common type of pituitary tumor (adenoma). It makes up at least 30%
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of prolactinoma develop. If you have had a prolacti
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of prolactinoma depends on the following:Whether or not the tumor can be rem
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of hyperthyroidism vary from person to person. Usual signs include the following:G
Answer thisWho is at hGraves’ disease Thyroid nodules Thyroiditis Too much iodine ingestion Over-medicating with s
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of hyperthyroidism develop. If you experience eith
Answer thisWhat to expMany cases of hyperthyroidism are generally treatable. Prognosis depends on whether or not
Answer thisWhat are tNo menstrual period for 6 months or longer Previously had one or more menstrual periods th
Answer thisWhat causWomen who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause are not considered to have second
Answer thisWho is at Procedures such as a dilation and curettage (D and C) can lead to scar tissue formation that m
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your primary health care provider or OB/GYN provider if you hav
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook depends on the cause of amenorrhea. Most of the conditions that cause seconda
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms vary, depending on the degree of abnormality in the serum sodium concentration
Answer thisWhat causThe causes of SIADH are many, and because the disease may present with features of electrol
Answer thisWho is at hCentral nervous system disease: Brain tumors, trauma, infection such as meningitis and encep
Answer thisWhen to seDepending on the degree of the dilution hyponatremia, presentation of SIADH varies. It can be
Answer thisWhat to exPrognosis of SIADH depends on the severity of the disease and the promptness of treatment.
Answer thisWhat causeUnintentional weight gain can be caused by many different things.As you age, our metabolism
Answer thisWhen to seContact your health care provider if the following symptoms occur along with the weight gain
Answer thisWhat to expYour health care provider will perform a physical examination, measure your height and weigh
Answer thisWhat are tUsual syptoms include:Burning sensation in the abdomen Nausea and vomiting Weight loss D
Answer thisWho is at hThe most potent risk factor in the development of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is Multiple endo
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome develop. If you exper
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome for patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome largely depends on the nature and e
Answer thisWhat are tPassing an excessive amount of gas or burping too frequently. Abdominal bloating Cramping a
Answer thisWhat causeAir swallowing (a nervous habit) Constipation Gastroesophageal reflux Irritable bowel syndrom
Answer thisWho is at hFemale gender High body mass index or high BMI
Answer thisWhat are tAn abdominal mass is usually found during a routine physical examination, as it develops slow
Answer thisWhat causAbdominal aortic aneurysm can cause a pulsating mass around the navel. Bladder distention (
Answer thisWhen to seSeek immediate medical help if you have a pulsating lump in your abdomen along with severe
Answer thisWhat are tAlmost everyone has pain in the abdomen at one time or another, a majority of which are not
Answer thisWhat causeMany different conditions can cause abdominal pain. The key is to know when you need to ge
Answer thisWhen to seSeek immediate medical help or call your local emergency number (such as 911) if you:Are cu
Answer thisWhat causeThe cause is not very clear. It is thought to be related to abnormal embryo development.
Answer thiswhat are t Some patients with accessory pancreas may not show any symptom or sign. The disorder is re
Answer thisWho is at rStudies suggest that this disorder is related to abnormal embryo development.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of accessory pancreas develop. If you experience e
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of accessory pancreas depends on whether secondary pathologic changes take
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is pain in the upper right side or upper middle of the abdomen. The pain m
Answer thisWhat causeIn 90% of cases, acute cholecystitis is caused by gallstones in the gallbladder. Other causes inc
Answer thisWho is at hGallstone disease Women are at more risk than men. Native Americans and Hispanics have a h
Answer thisWhen to seSevere abdominal pain If symptoms of cholecystitis return after a previous episode
Answer thisWhat to expPatients who have surgery to remove the gallbladder usually do very well.
Answer thisWhat are tDiarrhea may be accompanied by cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, or an urgent ne
Answer thisWhat are tAcute diarrhea is usually related to a bacterial, viral, or parasitic infection. Chronic diarrhea is
Answer thisWho is at rAnyone can get diarrhea. This common problem can last a day or two or for months or years,
Answer thisWhat are tPatients with anal fistula may experience the following symptoms:Pain Discharge, either blood
Answer thisWho is at hThe following factors increase your chance of developing an anal fistula. If you have any of the
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of anal fistula develop. If you experience either of t
Answer thisWhat to expPrognosis for fistulas is excellent after surgery.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of ankyloglossia include an inability to stick the tongue forward, difficulty feeding,
Answer thisWhat causeTongue tie occurs when the tissue on the underside of the front of the tongue is positioned to
Answer thisWho is at hAnkyloglossia may be genetic.
Answer thisWhen to seIf you are concerned that your child may have tongue tie, have your health care provider exam
Answer thisWhat to expSurgery, if performed, is usually successful.
Answer thisWhat are tThe following symptoms may occur:Abdominal pain which is in the right upper side or middle
Answer thisWhat causeCholangitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection, which can occur when the duct is blocked
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors include a previous history of gallstones, sclerosing cholangitis, HIV, narrowing of t
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of cholangitis.
Answer thisWhat to expThe outcome is usually good with treatment, but poor without it. Modern improvements in di
Answer thisWhat are tWhen just a small amount of fluid has collected in the belly, there may be no symptoms. Symp
Answer thisWhat causeA person with ascites usually has severe liver disease. Ascites due to liver disease is caused by
Answer thisWhen to CoAnyone who has ascites and develops new abdominal pain and fever should contact their hea
Answer thisWhat are tDiarrhea Fatty stools Fullness after a meal Loss of appetite Nausea Unintentional weight loss
Answer thisWhat causeThe name of this condition refers to the "blind loop" formed by the blocked intestine. This blin
Answer thisWho is at hHaving a surgical procedure such as a subtotal gastrectomy or a procedure for obesity can put
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of blind loop syndrome.
Answer thisWhat causeThe upper part of the GI tract will usually cause black stools due to: Abnormal blood vessels (v
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor immediately if you notice blood or changes in the color of your stool. Even if y
Answer thisWhat are tMost common symptoms of Boerhaave syndrome include:Severe throat pain Upper abdomina
Answer thisWhat causCauses of Boerhaave syndrome include:Seizures Severe straining Vomiting Childbirth Procedu
Answer thisWho is at Overindulgence in food Iatrogenic Alcohol History of allergies Medication-induced esophagitis
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider promptly if there is a rectal prolapse.
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms usually do not occur unless the stone blocks the common bile duct. Symptoms that
Answer thisWhat causeWhile stones can frequently pass through the common bile duct into the duodenum, some sto
Answer thisWho is at hRisk Factors include:A previous medical history of gallstonesCholedocholithiasis can occur in p
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if abdominal pain with or without feve
Answer thisWhat to expBlockage and infection caused by stones in the biliary tract can be life threatening. However, w
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of Chronic pancreatitis includeAbdominal pain Greatest in the upper abdomen Ma
Answer thisWhat causeChronic pancreatitis causes inflammation and scarring of tissue in the pancreas. This makes th
Answer thisWho is at hChronic pancreatitis occurs more frequently in men than in women. This may be because alco
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You develop symptoms of pancreatiti
Answer thisWhat to expThis is a serious disease that may lead to disability and death. You can reduce the risk by avoid
Answer thisWhat are tPolyps usually do not have symptoms. When present, symptoms may include:Blood in the sto
Answer thisWhat Cause Polyps of the colon and rectum are most often benign. This means they are not a cancer and d
Answer thisWho is at hPolyps bigger than 1 centimeter (cm) have a higher cancer risk than polyps smaller than 1 cen
Answer thisWhen to seCall your provider if you have:Blood in a bowel movement Change in bowel habit
Answer thisWhere to fMedical care for (disease name) can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to expOutlook is excellent if the polyps are removed. Polyps that are not removed can develop into
Answer thisWhat are tSevere breathing difficulty usually develops shortly after the baby is born, because of ineffecti
Answer thisWhat are tA diaphragmatic hernia is caused by the improper joining of structures during fetal developme
Answer thisWho is at rCongenital diaphragmatic hernia is seen in 1 out of every 2,200 to 5,000 live births. Most affec
Answer thisHow to knoThe pregnant mother may have excessive amounts of amniotic fluid. Fetal ultrasound may sho
Answer thisWhat are tWhen the stool is hard, infrequent, and requires significant effort to pass, you have constipati
Answer thisWhat are tTo understand constipation, it helps to know how the colon, or large intestine, works. As food
Answer thisWho is at rConstipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints in the United States. Mo
Answer thisHow to knoThe tests the doctor performs depend on the duration and severity of the constipation, the pe
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor if you have:Sudden constipation with abdominal cramps and an inability to pa
Answer thisWhat are tSkin tastes salty Baby does not pass stool when first bornPulmonary infections (cause frequen
Answer thisWhat CausesThe CFTR gene makes a protein that controls the movement of salt and water in and out of th
Answer thisWho is at hiEvery person inherits two CFTR genes, one from each parent. Children who inherit two faulty
Answer thisWhere to fiMedical care for cystic fibrosis can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to expLife expectancy of patients with cystic fibrosis has been increased over past decades because
Answer thisWhat are tDiarrhea may be accompanied by cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, or an urgent ne
Answer thisWhat are tAcute diarrhea is usually related to a bacterial, viral, or parasitic infection. Chronic diarrhea is
Answer thisWho is at rAnyone can get diarrhea. This common problem can last a day or two or for months or years,
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of inguinal hernia include:a small bulge in one or both sides of the groin that may i
Answer thisWhat are thDirect inguinal hernias are caused by connective tissue degeneration of the abdominal muscle
Answer thisWho is at rAn inguinal hernia can occur any time from infancy to adulthood and is much more common i
Answer thisHow to knoTo diagnose inguinal hernia, the doctor takes a thorough medical history and conducts a phys
Answer thisWhat are tMany people don’t have symptoms accompanying diverticulosis,but some people may experie
Answer thisWhat are thDoctors are not sure what causes diverticular disease. Many think a diet low in fiber is the ma
Answer thisWho is at hPeople over the age of 40. Starting at age 40, the chance of getting it increases about every 10
Answer thisWhen to seContact a doctor if you notice symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pa
Answer thisWhat to expMost people with the disease do not have serious problems, but some people have severe sym
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include:A feeling of heat, burning, or pain in the area between the navel and t
Answer thisWhat causeIndigestion may be triggered by:Drinking too much alcohol Eating spicy, fatty, or greasy foods
Answer thisWhen to seSeek immediate medical help if your symptoms include jaw pain, chest pain, back pain, profus
Answer thisWhat to expYour doctor will perform a physical examination, paying special attention to the stomach area
Answer thisWhat are tChest pain, the feeling of food stuck in the throat, or heaviness or pressure in the neck or upp
Answer thisWhat causeSwallowing is a complex act. Many nerves work in a fine balance to control how the muscles o
Answer thisWhen to CoCall your health care provider if swallowing problems do not improve after a few days, or they
Answer thisWhat are tBluish coloration to the skin (cyanosis) with attempted feedings Coughing, gagging, and chokin
Answer thisWhat causeEsophageal atresia is a congenital defect, which means it occurs before birth. There are severa
Answer thisWho is at hEsophageal atresia occurs in about 1 out of 4,000 births.
Answer thisWhen to seThis disorder is usually diagnosed shortly after birth.Call your baby's health care provider if th
Answer thisWhat to expAn early diagnosis gives a better chance of a good outcome.
Answer thisWhat are tTrouble swallowing Pain with swallowing Unintentional weight loss Regurgitation of food
Answer thisWhat Cause Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). Eosinophilic esophagitis Injuries caused by an endoscope Lon
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have swallowing problems that do not go away.
Answer thisWhere to fMedical care for esophageal stricture can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to expThe stricture may come back in the future. This would require a repeat dilation.
Answer thisWhat are tGroin discomfort or groin pain aggravated by bending or lifting Tender lump in the groin or up
Answer thisWhat are tA hernia occurs when abdominal contents, usually part of the small intestine, push through a
Answer thisWho is at rGender: Women are more likely to develop femoral hernias than men
Answer thisHow to knoA physical examination reveals the hernia. Tests are usually not necessary.
Answer thisWhat are tBecause the gallbladder is located deep inside the body, your doctor cannot see or feel tumor
Answer thisWho is at hThere are some factors that may increase the chance of acquiring gallbladder cancer. These ri
Answer thisWhen to seGallbladder cancer forms tumors which are very difficult to detect in the early stages. If sympt
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis is not good for most gallbladder cancer patients if the cancer is detected in its l
Answer thisWhat are tBecause the gallbladder is located deep inside the body, your doctor cannot see or feel tumor
Answer thisWho is at hThere are some factors that may increase the chance of acquiring gallbladder cancer. These ri
Answer thisWhen to seGallbladder cancer forms tumors which are very difficult to detect in the early stages. If sympt
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis is not good for most gallbladder cancer patients if the cancer is detected in its l
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal pain Abdominal indigestion Dark stools Loss of appetite Nausea Vomiting Vomiting
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for Gastritis include:Consuming excessive amounts of alcohol Consuming excessiv
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of gastritis persist longer
Answer thisWhat to expMost gastritis improves rapidly with treatment.
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom of GERD in adults is frequent heartburn, also called acid indigestion—burn
Answer thisWhat are tThe reason some people develop GERD is still unclear. However, research shows that in peopl
Answer thisWho is at rRisk factors of GERD include:Pregnancy Obesity Hiatal hernia Scleroderma Smoking Drinking a
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms worsen or do not improve with lifestyle changes or
Answer thisWhat to expThe majority of people respond to nonsurgical measures, with lifestyle changes and medicatio
Answer thisWhat are tThe amount of GI bleeding may be so small that it can only be detected on a lab test such as t
Answer thisWhat causeGI bleeding may be due to conditions that are not serious, including:Anal fissure Hemorrhoids
Answer thisWho is at hCall for an appointment with your doctor if:You have black, tarry stools (this may be a sign of G
Answer thisWhen to seCall for an appointment with your doctor if:You have black, tarry stools (this may be a sign of G
Answer thisWhat are tCommon symptoms of GIST include:Blood (either bright red or very dark) in the stool or vomit
Answer thisWhat causeGenetic mutations are considered the most identifiable cause of GIST. Around 95% of these m
Answer thisWho is at hAge and genetic factors can increase the risk of having a GIST. Individuals in the age group of 5
Answer thisWhen to seIf you experience either of the following symptoms, seeking urgent medical care as soon as po
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options depend on the following:How quick
Answer thisWhat are tSigns and symptoms of gastroparesis include:Heartburn Pain in the upper abdomen Nausea V
Answer thisWhat are tThe most common cause of gastroparesis is diabetes. People with diabetes have high blood gl
Answer thisWho is at rRisk factors for gastroparesis include:Diabetes Gastrectomy Systemic sclerosis Use of medicati
Answer thisHow to knoAfter performing a full physical exam and taking your medical history, your doctor may order s
Answer thisWhat are Usual symptoms of glucagonoma involve a series of signs of hyperglucagonemia and hypoami
Answer thisWho is at The cause of glucagonoma is not clear.
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of glucagonoma develop. If you experience either o
Answer thisWhat to exApproximately 60% of these tumors are cancerous, therefore prognosis of glucagonoma depe
Answer thisWhat causeAlmost everyone has heartburn sometimes. If you have heartburn very often, you may have g
Answer thisWho is at hDrugs that can cause heartburn include:Anticholinergics (e.g., for sea sickness) Beta-blockers f
Answer thisWhen to seGet urgent medical care if:You vomit material that is bloody or looks like coffee grounds Your
Answer thisWhat to expHeartburn is usually easy to diagnose from the symptoms you describe to your doctor. Someti
Answer thisWhat are Patients may experience the following symptoms:Vomiting blood Nausea Abdominal pain Fati
Answer thisWhat causEsophagusEsophagitis Ulcer Mallory-Weiss tear Esophageal varices caused by cirrhosisStomac
Answer thisWhen to seCall your doctor or go to the emergency room if hematemesis occurs. This condition needs im
Answer thisWhat to exThe prognosis of hematemesis depends on:The underlying cause of hematemsis The rate and
Answer thisWhat causA number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:
Answer thisWhen to seGet medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:A cough that produces more than
Answer thisWhat are tIn its earliest stages, hepatocellular carcinoma does not cause any symptoms. When the tumo
Answer thisWho is at rThere are some factors that may increase your risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. Th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma develop. If one or mor
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma is poor and it depends on the following:Whether o
Answer thisWhat are tThe liver is involved in many of the body's functions. It is affected by many conditions that can
Answer thisWhen to seThis condition is usually discovered by a health care provider. You may not be aware of the liv
Answer thisWhat are tAbdominal swelling Change in mental status Confusion Delirium Dementia Coarse muscle mov
Answer thisWhat causeHepatorenal syndrome occurs when there is a decrease in kidney function in a person with a l
Answer thisWho is at The disorder occurs in up to 10% of patients hospitalized with liver failure. It is caused by the b
Answer thisWhen to seThis disorder most often is diagnosed in the hospital during treatment for a liver disorder.
Answer thisWhat to exThe predicted outcome is poor. Death usually occurs as a result of secondary infections or hem
Answer thisWhat are tEarly colorectal cancer does not make any symptoms. When the cancer grows larger, people w
Answer thisWho is at hThere are some factors may increase the risk of acquiring the colorectal cancer potentially. Th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of colorectal cancer develop. If one emerges the fo
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of colorectal cancer varies widely. For patients whose tumor is caught early ma
Answer thisHow do I knPatients with hereditary pancreatitis may experience the following symptoms:Chronic abdom
Answer thisWho is at rStudies demonstrate that cationic trypsinogen gene mutations are associated with hereditary
Answer thisHow to knoGenetic testing: The diagnosis of hereditary pancreatitis by genetic testing can be a valuable to
Answer thisWhen to seFollow your physician's suggested diet, prescribed medications, and other medical orders. If y
Answer thisWhat to expAs a chronic disease, the effects of hereditary Pancreatitis may last for months or years. Epide
Answer thisWhat are tA Sore throat that doesn't go away A Lump in the neck Pain or ringing in the ears Trouble swa
Answer thisWhat Cause People who smoke or use tobacco are at risk of developing throat cancer. Excessive alcohol us
Answer thisWho is at hMost cancers of the throat develop in adults older than 50. Men are more likely than women
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of throat cancer, especially hoarseness o
Answer thisWhen to seMedical care for hypopharyngeal cancer can be found here.
Answer thisWhat to exThe outlook for people with hypopharyngeal cancer varies by the stage (extent) of the cancer
Answer thisHow do I kAnal opening very near the vaginal opening in girls Missing or misplaced opening to the anus N
Answer thisWho is at rThe cause of imperforate anus is not clear. Many forms of imperforate anus are associated wi
Answer thisHow to knoPhysical exam: A doctor can diagnose this condition during a physical exam. A fistula, an abno
Answer thisWhen to seThis disorder is usually discovered when the newborn infant is first examined. Call your baby's
Answer thisWhat to expWith treatment, the outcome of imperforate anus is usually good. The prognosis depends on
Answer thisHow do I knAbdominal wall pain Reducible hernia: There is a bulge in the abdominal area. It may be tende
Answer thisWho is at rObesity Pregnancy A history of multiple abdominal surgeries Chronic and severe constipation
Answer thisHow to knoPhysical exam: The doctor can diagnose incisional hernia by a physical examination. The docto
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of incisional hernia develop. If you experience eith
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms may include:A feeling of heat, burning, or pain in the area between the navel and t
Answer thisWhat causeIndigestion may be triggered by:Drinking too much alcohol Eating spicy, fatty, or greasy foods
Answer thisWhen to seIndigestion is a common problem, usually not a sign of a more serious health problem, unless
Answer thisWhat to expYour doctor will perform a physical examination, paying special attention to the stomach area
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms of inguinal hernia includea small bulge in one or both sides of the groin that may in
Answer thisWhat causesIndirect inguinal hernia's are congenital and is caused by failure of the inguinal ring to close ju
Answer thisWho is at hPremature infants are especially at risk for indirect inguinal hernias because there is less time
Answer thisWhen to seeContact your doctor if you experience any of the symptoms associated with an indirect inguin
Answer thisWhat to expSurgery for inguinal hernia is usually done on an outpatient basis. Recovery time varies depen
Answer thisWhat are tThe first sign of intussusception is usually sudden, loud crying caused by abdominal pain. The
Answer thisWhat are tIntussusception is caused by part of the intestine being pulled inward into itself. This can bloc
Answer thisWho is at rRisk factors:Age: Intussusception can affect both children and adults, although most cases occ
Answer thisHow to knoYour doctor will perform a thorough examination, which may reveal a mass in the abdomen. T
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms range from mild to severe, however most people have mild symptoms. IBS sympto
Answer thisWhat are tResearchers have yet to discover any specific cause for IBS. One theory is that people who suff
Answer thisWho is at hRisk factors for IBS:Gender: females are at higher risk than males Age: people younger than 35
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome or if you noti
Answer thisWhat to expIrritable bowel syndrome may be a life-long condition, but symptoms can often be improved o
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms often occur 30 minutes to 2 hours after having milk products. Symptoms may be w
Answer thisWhat cause.Babies' bodies make the lactase enzyme so they can digest milk, including breast milk.Babies
Answer thisWho is at hBetween 30 and 50 million Americans are lactose intolerant and certain ethnic and racial popu
Answer thisWhen to seLactose intolerance is not serious.Call your provider if:You have an infant younger than 2 or 3
Answer thisWhat to expSymptoms most often go away when you remove milk, other dairy products, and other source
Answer thisWhat are tIn its earliest stages, hepatocellular carcinoma does not cause any symptoms. When the tumo
Answer thisWho is at rThere are some factors that may increase your risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. Th
Answer thisWhen to seCall your health care provider if symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma develop. If one or mor
Answer thisWhat to expThe prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma is poor and it depends on the following:Whether o
Answer thisWhat has bNOTES has been studied through both, animal and human studies. Substantial evidence exists
Answer thisWhat has bColectomy Gastric sleeve resection Peroral esophageal segmentectomy and anastomosis . Py
Answer thisWhat causeMany common problems may cause nausea and vomiting:Food allergies Infections of the stom
Answer thisWhen to seCall 911 or go to an emergency room if:You think vomiting is from poisoning. You notice blood
Answer thisWhat are tThe main symptom is a yellow color of the skin.The yellow color is best seen right after gently
Answer thisWhat causeBilirubin is a yellow pigment that is created in the body during the normal recycling of old red
Answer thisWhat are tJaundice is present to some degree in most newborns, and is called physiological jaundice. It u
Answer thisWhen to seAll babies should be seen by a health care provider in the first 5 days of life to check for jaund
Answer thisWhat to expUsually newborn jaundice is not harmful. For most babies, jaundice usually gets better withou
Answer thisWhat are t“Odynophagia” is the medical term for painful swallowing. Pain can be felt in your mouth, thr
Answer thisWhat causOdynophagia may sometimes be related to a minor condition, such as the common cold. In su
Answer thisWho is at hThe following are risk factors for dysphagia: Aging. Due to natural aging and normal wear and
Answer thisWhen to seIf your doctor doesn’t detect any underlying medical issue, painful swallowing might resolve o
Answer thisWhat to exWhen caught and treated early, many underlying health conditions can improve, along with p
Answer thisWhat are tSymptoms can occur within days to months after an attack of pancreatitis, and include:Bloatin
Answer thisWhat