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<title> Japan at its finest </title>
<h1><i>Land of the rising sun</i></h1>
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<h2>Japan is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and
is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north
toward the East China Sea,
Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south.</h2>
<h2>Geologic framework</h2>
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Japan is one of the world’s most geologically unstable areas. The country experiences some 1,000
tremors annually,
most of them minor, though major quakes—as in Tokyo-Yokohama in 1923 and Kobe in 1995—cause
considerable loss of life and widespread destruction.
Violent volcanic eruptions occur frequently, and at least 60 volcanoes have been active within historical
time. Volcanoes born since 1900 include Showa
Volcano on Hokkaido and Myojin Rock off the Beyoneisu (or Bayonnaise) Rocks in the Pacific. Among
the major eruptions since 1980 are those of
Mounts O (1983) and Mihara (1986) in the Izu Islands and Mount Unzen (1991) in Kyushu. The country’s
abundant hot springs are mostly of volcanic origin.
Many of the gigantic volcanoes are conical in shape (e.g., Mount Fuji), while others form steep lava
domes (e.g., Mounts Dai and Unzen).
Conspicuous shield volcanoes (broad, gently sloping volcanic cones) are rare, and extensive lava
plateaus are lacking. One of the characteristics of
the volcanic areas is the prevalence of calderas (large, circular, basin-shaped volcanic depressions),
especially in the northeast and southwest,
many of which are filled with water, such as Lakes Kutcharo, Towada, and Ashi.
The cause of this instability—indeed, the reason for Japan’s existence—is the tectonic movement of
several of the Earth’s major crustal plates in the
vicinity of the archipelago. Most important is the subduction (sinking) of the Pacific Plate (in the north)
and the Philippine Plate (in the south) beneath
the Eurasian Plate, upon which Japan lies. The movements of these plates have formed six mountain
arcs off the northeastern coast of Asia: from northeast to
southwest, the Chishima Range of the Kuril Islands; the Karafuto (Sakhalin) Mountain system of
Hokkaido; the Northeast, Southwest, and Shichito-Mariana
ranges of Honshu; and the Ryukyu Island formations.</body>
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<h1><b>The major physiographic regions</b></h1>
<p>These mountain arcs, in turn, generally correspond to Japan’s major physiographic regions:
the four regions of Japan proper (Hondo)—Hokkaido, Northeastern (Tohoku), Central (Chubu), and
Southwestern—and the Ryukyu and Bonin archipelagoes.
The Hokkaido Region was formed by the coalescence of the Chishima and Karafuto arcs. The backbone
of the region is aligned north to south.
The Chishima arc enters Hokkaido as three volcanic chains with elevations above 6,000 feet (1,800
metres); these are arranged in ladder formation
and terminate in the heart of the region. Chief components of the mountain system are the Kitami
Mountains in the north and the Hidaka Range in the south.
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<h1><b> Cultural life </b></h1>
<h2><b> Influences </b></h2>
<p>It is common for Western observers of contemporary Japan to emphasize its great economic
achievement without equal regard to cultural attributes.
Yet Japanese cult distinctiveness and the manner in which it developed are instructive in understanding
how it is that Japan came to be the first non-Western
country to attain great-power status.
The Japanese long have been intensely aware of and have responded with great curiosity to powerful
outside influences, first from the Asian mainland
and more recently from the Western world. Japan has followed a cycle of selectively absorbing foreign
cultural values and institutions and then adapting these
to existing indigenous patterns, this latter process often occurring during periods of relative political
isolation. Thus, outside influences were assimilated,
but the basic sense of Japaneseness was unaffected; for example, Buddhist deities were adopted into
the Shinto pantheon. Japan’s effort to modernize quickly in
the late 19th and 20th centuries—albeit undertaken at great national and personal sacrifice—was really
an extension of the same processes at work in the country
for centuries.
Prehistoric Japanese culture was exposed to ancient Chinese cultural influences beginning some two
millennia ago.
One consequence of these influences was the imposition of the gridiron system of land division, which
long endured;
it is still possible to trace the ancient place-names and field division lines of this system. Chinese writing
and many other Chinese
developments were introduced in the early centuries CE; the writing system underwent many
modifications over the centuries, since it did not
fit the Japanese language. Buddhism—which originated in India and underwent modification in Central
Asia, China, and Korea before reaching Japan about
the 6th century—also exerted a profound influence on Japanese cultural life, although over the course
of time it was modified profoundly from its antecedent forms.
Similarly, Chinese urban design was introduced in the layouts of the ancient capital cities of Nara and
Kyoto but did not proliferate in the archipelago.
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There's also Mt. Fuji the biggest mountain of Japan with the height of 12,389.2 ft.It is the second
highest mountain located in an island in Asia
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