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AS GEOGRAPHY
UNIT 4
POPULATION DYNAMICS

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DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS:

Birth rate/crude birth rate -

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Death rate/crude -
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Infant mortality rate –
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Life expectancy -
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Fertility rate
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Replacement fertility rate
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Natural population increase
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Pro-Natal policy
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Anti-Natal Policy
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Dependency ratio
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Demography
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Overpopulation -
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Under-population –
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Optimum population
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WORLDS POPULATION DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION

Population density -
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Population distribution –
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Explain each of the factors listed below that affect population distribution and density

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Polar regions
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Arid regions
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Mid-Latitude regions
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2. Geology
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3. Natural Hazards
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4. Relief
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5. Vegetation
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Population density and distribution can also be affected by human factors

 Historical factors
 Economic factors
 Political factors
 Transport and communication

Write down notes about each factor

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Using IPADS, research factors that affect the fertility rate and the mortality rate in a country.

FERTILITY RATE:
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MORTALITY RATE:
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PROBLEMS THAT ARE EXPERIENCED IN A COUNTRY THAT HAS A HIGH YOUTH POPULATION

CASE STUDY – UGANDA

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READ THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE LINK ABOVE AND WRITE A BRIEF SUMMARY ABOUT
UGANDA’S POPULATION
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What are the problems that are created by a country having a large young population
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JAPAN’S AGING POPULATION

[Link]
Read the above article and explain Japan’s social care system for the elderly.
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Calculate the natural population change and the net migration for the following countries.

COUNTRY BIRTH RATE DEATH RATE NATURAL NET MIGRATION

POPULATION
INCREASE
India 20,2 7.3
Greece 8.9 10.9
Morocco 18.7 4,8

Complete the table for each stage in the DMT

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4

Birth rate
Death rate
Natural
population
increase
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Read pages 97 and 98 of your text book and summarize the usefulness of the demographic
transition model
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PAST EXAM QUESTIONS

1. Fig. 1.1. shows the dependency ratios in Southeast Asia (1980-2030)

Using fig. 1.1. state

a) The total dependency ratio in 2005 [1]

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b) The year in which the aged dependency ratio is predicted to be 15 [1]

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c) Describe the trend in youth dependency shown in fig 1.1. [3]

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d) Explain why having a youthful population can be a challenge for LIC/HIC [5]
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SECTION B

A) Compared the terms BIRTH RATE and FERTILITY RATE [4]

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B) With the aid of examples, explain why fertility rates are low in some countries. [8]
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C) Evaluate the usefulness of the DTM in understanding changes in birth rate over time.
[15]
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Watch the video on the Green revolution and read pages 102 – 103 in your textbook
and summarize how technology was used to increase food supply.

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Watch the video and read page 105 in your textbook. Use this information to write a
case study about food shortages in Yemen

Location:
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Causes
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Possible solutions
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Watch the video and read page 99 – 100 and answer the following questions based on
Thomas Malthus theory

TASK
Total marks = 36
1. What was causing population to increase in Europe during the 17th century? [4]
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2. What is a Famine? [2]

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3. Name two famines that occurred in Europe during the 18th century. [2]
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4. Apart from famine what was causing a high death rate in Britain? [4]
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5. What did the enlightened thinkers believe in? [2]

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6. Thomas Malthus was an enlightened thinker who was very concerned about
the ................... [1]
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7. Use a graph to explain Malthus theory [8]

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8. Explain the difference between an exponential growth in population against an

arithmetical growth in food production. [4]
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9. What were the limits to Malthus’s theory [5]

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10. Explain how rising food prices in the 21st century support Malthus’s theory [4]
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Past paper – May June – 2020 2/1

1. Define the concept “carrying capacity” [3]

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2. Briefly explain two causes of food shortages [4]

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3. With examples, explain the factors that lead to an increase in food supply in an area.[8]
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4. Food shortages can always be overcome. With the aid of examples, how far do you
agree. [15]
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