ASOCIACIÓN EDUCACIÓN Y FAMILIA
ALDEBARAN BILINGUAL SCHOOL
MIDTERM EXAM
SCIENCE EIGTH GRADE
Name: ____________________________________________________ Date: _________________
Mr. James Arevalo
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Please read the entire exam carefully before taking it. Make
sure you follow instructions in each section. Always keep your time in mind.
FILL IN THE BLANK(30%; 3 e/o)
Instructions: Complete the paragraphs by using the words listed below to fill in the blanks
Gases in Earth’s atmosphere exert 1_______. on everything. According to the 2_______.
theory, the particles of a gas are 3________. moving. Every time gas particles hit something
and bounce off, they exert a tiny force. Pressure is this amount of 4. ________exerted per unit
of area. Air pressure at sea level is 101.3 5. _________ The amount of force exerted by a gas
depends on the 6________ of its container. 7_________law states that if a sample of gas is
kept at constant 8. _______decreasing the volume will 9._______the pressure the gas exerts.
If you increase the volume, the pressure will 10. ______
force – increase- kinetic - pressure - volume – particles- Charles’s- size - boiling
kilopascals - Boyle’s - absolute - decrease – larger- temperature - constantly - liquids
pressure - decrease- increased
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Problem Solving (40%; 5 e/o)
Solve the following problems show your work.
1) A dentist’s chair makes use of Pascal’s principle to move patients up and down. Together,
the chair and a patient exert a downward force of 2,269 N. The chair is attached to a large
piston with an area of 1,221 cm2 . To move the chair, a pump applies force to a small piston
with an area of 88.12 cm2 . What force must be exerted on the small piston to lift the chair?
2) An engineering student wants to build a hydraulic pump to lift a 1,815 N crate. The pump
will have two pistons connected via a fluid chamber. The student calculates that a force of
442 N will be exerted on the small piston, which will have an area of 50.2 cm2 . What must
the area of the large piston be to exert the desired force?
3) A hydraulic lift office chair has its seat attached to a piston with an area of 11.2 cm2 . The
chair is raised by exerting force on another piston, with an area of 4.12 cm2 . If a person
sitting on the chair exerts a downward force of 219 N, what force needs to be exerted on the
small piston to lift the seat?
4) In changing a tire, a hydraulic jack lifts 7,468 N on its large piston, which has an area of
28.27 cm2 . How much force must be exerted on the small piston if it has an area of 1.325 cm2
?
5) An engine shop uses a lift to raise a 1,784 N engine. The lift has a large piston with an area
of 76.32 cm2 . To raise the lift, force is exerted on a small piston with an area of 12.56 cm2 .
What force must be exerted to raise the lift?
6) In a newly designed car with a hydraulic braking system, a force of 85 N is applied to one
of the master cylinders, which has an area of 8.1 cm2 . The master cylinder is connected to one
brake piston, which exerts a force of 296 N. What is the area of the brake piston?
7) A mechanic uses a hydraulic car jack to lift the front end of a car to change the oil. The jack
used exerts 8,915 N of force from the larger piston. To pump the jack, 444 N of force is exerted
on the small piston, which has an area of 3.14 cm2 . What is the area of the large piston?
8) . If 22.5 L of nitrogen at 748 mm Hg are compressed to 725 mm Hg at constant temperature.
What is the new volume?
PRACTICE (30%; 5 e/o)
Solve the following problems show your work.
atm = 760.0 mm Hg = 101.3 kPa= 760 .0 torr
1. Calculate the decrease in temperature when 6.00 L at 20.0 °C is compressed to 4.00 L.
2. A container containing 5.00 L of a gas is collected at 100 K and then allowed to expand to
20.0 L. What must the new temperature be in order to maintain the same pressure (as required
by Charles' Law)?
3. A gas occupies 900.0 mL at a temperature of 27.0 °C. What is the volume at 132.0 °C?
4. If 15.0 liters of neon at 25.0 °C is allowed to expand to 45.0 liters, what must the new
temperature be to maintain constant pressure?
5. What is the new pressure in a 325 mL tank if the pressure in the original 225 mL tank was
4.32 atm
6. A 1.83 L balloon is compressed to 0.825 L. If the original temperature was 25 oC, what
will be the final temperature of the balloon assuming constant pressure?
