CFLM2

CHARACTER FORMATION,
NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM

Compiled and Presented by:

SEAN SUPAT
Lecturer
 TABLE OF SPECIFICATIONS
CFLM – 2 CHARACTER FORMATION, NATIONALISM, AND PATRIOTISM
The registered criminologist can perform the competencies under the following sub-
topics:
• Distinguish Nationalism and Patriotism: elements, types, and Characteristics of
Nationalism and Patriotism.

• Identify and demonstrate the Filipino Character, Values, and Cultures, Pre-
colonial, and Post-colonial era
• Appraise the Values of Filipino Heritage, the Filipino Language, food, sports, and
music.
• Interpret the relevant provisions of the 1987 Philippine Constitutions, e.g.
Preamble, Art. I, II, XIV, XV, and XVI.
• Recognize and uphold the provisions of R.A. 8491 “Flag and Heraldic Code of the
Philippines.” And the IRR
Chapter 1:

CHARACTER
 CHARACTER
Greek word “charassein” meaning - engraving instrument;
originally used of a mark impressed upon a coin or the mark
cut by it.
 CHARACTER
❑ Habitual ways of feeling and reacting of a person that
distinguish one individual from another.
❑ It is the trademark of being a person.
❑ Individual personality attributes of a person
❑ Characteristic pattern of behavior of an individual.
The social, emotional and intellectual manifestations of a
character are called PERSONALITY, and character is
roughly equivalent to personality.

The distinctive mark of the personality; and gradually, to

the sum total of such marks, each individual one is
being called CHARACTERISTICS.
 CHARACTER FORMATION
Process by which an individual, through interaction of
biologically transmitted pre-dispositions with the environment,
develops stable patterns of functioning, thinking and feeling.
 CHARACTER FORMATION
❑ aka Character Building
❑ Deeply internalized patterns of values and attitudes
❑ Consequent actions that are often established by precognitive
times of life through natural and normal educational patterns
that are appropriate for young children.

Examples
✓ Nursing
✓ Weaning
✓ Toilet Training
✓ Relationship to the parents and siblings
 5 Factors that determine
Character Types
❑ Openness: appreciation for a variety of experiences
❑ Conscientiousness: planning ahead rather than being spontaneous
❑ Extraversion: being sociable, energetic and talkative
❑ Agreeableness: being kind, sympathetic and happy to help
❑ Neuroticism: inclined to worry, be vulnerable or temperamental
General Types of Characters
❑ Positive/ Good Character or Trait
Attributes such as integrity, honesty, courage, loyalty,
fortitude and other important virtues that promotes good
behavior.

❑ Negative Character/Trait
Individual’s predisposition to commit evil acts.

❑ Neutral Character/ Habit

used to describe a person who doesn’t pick sides in
disputes, refusal to be bold.
Types of Characters
❑ Self-realized Character
❑ Covetous Character
❑ Superstitious Character
❑ Egoistic/ Overbearing/ Bossy
❑ Anti-social Character
❑ Insincere Character
❑ Complacent Character
6 Pillars of Good Character
1. Trustworthiness
a. Honesty
b. Loyalty
2. Respect
3. Responsible
4. Fairness
5. Caring
6. Citizenship
 Chapter 2:

NATIONALISM
AND PATRIOTISM
 PATRIOTISM

➢1500s → word “Patriot” was first recorded.

➢1700s → word “Patriotism” was first recorded
➢Refer to “a member of a resistance movement or
a freedom fighter”
➢Derived from Greek word “Patriotes”,
“fellow-countryman or lineage member.”
➢The root of this word, in turn, means “fatherland”.
 The word patriotism is a noun that means “devoted
love, support, and defense of one’s country; national
loyalty.”

Refers to the feeling of attachment and commitment

to a country, nation, or political community.

Can be viewed as a “NATIONAL PRIDE” – a feeling of

love, devotion and sense of attachment to a homeland or the
country.
This attachment can be a combination of many different:

• Feeling
• Language relating to one’s own homeland
• Ethnic
• Cultural
• Political and Historical aspects

The patriot believes that both the system of

government and the people of their country are
inherently good and work together for a better quality of
life.
TYPES OF PATRIOTISM
 EXTREME PATRIOTISM
Human nature being what it is, if
they propose to do their job well,
they must be willing to break
promises, to deceive, dissemble,
and use violence, sometimes in
cruel ways and on a large scale,
when political circumstances require
such action.
Niccolo Machiavelli
• The paramount interest of one’s country override any
moral consideration with which they might come into
conflict.

• It is encapsulated in the saying “our country, right or

wrong.”

• Not much needs to be said about the moral standing of this

type of patriotism, as it amounts to rejection of morality.
 ROBUST PATRIOTISM
• Patriotism is not to be contrasted with
morality; it is rather a central moral virtue,
indeed the bedrock of morality.
• The object of patriotic loyalty is one’s country
and polity; but this does not mean that a
patriot will support any government in power
in her country.
• The patriot’s allegiance, he says, is not to
the status quo of power, but rather to “the
nation conceived as a project.” One can
oppose one’s country’s government in the
Alasdair Macintyre
name of the country’s true character, history,
and aspirations.
 LIBERAL PATRIOTISM
• At one level, we are often justified in taking
into account our particular commitments
and attachments, including those to our
country.
• At another level, we can and ought to
reflect on such commitments and
attachments from a universal, impartial
point of view, to delineate their proper
scope and determine their weight.
• We can conclude, for example, “that with
respect to certain matters and within
limits, it is good for an American to
Marcia Baron judge as an American, and to put
American interests first.”
 MODERATE PATRIOTISM
• This kind of patriotism allows for the
possibility that under certain
circumstances the concern for human
beings in general will override the
concern for one’s country and
compatriots.
• Such patriotism is compatible with a decent
degree of humanitarianism.
• For an adherent of this type of patriotism, it
is not enough that the country is her
country. She will also expect it to live up to
certain standards and thereby deserve her
Stephen Nathanson support, devotion and special concern for
its well-being.
 DEFLATED PATRIOTISM
• Gratitude is probably the most popular among
the grounds adduced for patriotic duty.
• There are important benefits we have received
from our country; we are bound to show
gratitude for them, and that the appropriate
way to do so is to show special concern for the
well-being of the country and patriots.
• If patriotism is NEITHER a moral duty nor
supererogatory (more than of what is being
asked) virtue, then all its moral pretensions
have been deflated. It has no positive moral
Maurizio Viroli
significance.
 ETHICAL PATRIOTISM
• A patriot of this, distinctively ethical type,
would want to see justice done, rights
respected, human solidarity at work at
any time and in any place.
• A patriot would consider his OWN moral
identity as bound up (associated) with
that of her country and the moral record
the patria as hers too.
• She/he might not feel great pride in her
country’s worldly merits and achievements.
She/he would be proud of country’s moral
Marcia Baron record, when it inspires pride.
 Other types of Patriotism
1. Personal Patriotism- respect for flag, treated as emotional and voluntary
2. Official Patriotism- highly symbolic and ceremonial to claim allegiance to state
3. Symbolic Patriotism- raising morale in wartimes.
4. Peacetime Patriotism- love for country even without challenge
 How is Patriotism shown?
1. Patriotism of Duty- military duty, selfless sacrifice, fidelity to country
2. Patriotism of Affection- internal desire for country’s wellbeing
3. Patriotism of Manners- customary both written or not
 Object of Patriotism
In order for a particular attachment to one’s
country to qualify as patriotism, it needs to
encompass 4 separate elements.

1. The subject of patriotism (who is a patriot)

2. The object of patriotism (who or what is the object of this relationship)
3. The nature of the special relationship between the subject and the object
of patriotism (love)
4. Justification of patriotism (why patriotism is important, or even urgent)
 Nationalism

➢Loyalty and devotion to a nation

➢Sense of national consciousness
➢Promotion of culture and interests as
opposed to other nations or groups
 Basic Concepts of Nationalism
❑ Ideology and movement defined by promoting the interests
of a particular nation, in particular with the aim of acquiring
and maintaining nation’s sovereignty over its country of origin.
❑ Nation should regulate itself, free from outside intervention.
❑ Aims to build and maintain a single national identity
❑ Seeks to preserve and encourage a nation’s traditional culture.
TYPES OF NATIONALISM
 CIVIC NATIONALISM
➢ Civic nationalism defines the nation as an
association of people who identify themselves as
belonging to the nation, who have equal and
shared political procedures.
➢ According to the principles of Civic nationalism,
the nation is not based on common ethnic
ancestry, but is a political entity whose core
identity is not ethnicity.
✓ Political Entity X Ethnicity
 ETHNIC NATIONALISM
➢ Also known as ethno-nationalism
➢ Is a form of nationalism wherein the nation is defined
in terms of ethnicity.
➢ The central theme of ethnic nationalists is that nations
are defined by a shared heritage, which usually
includes a common language, a common faith, and a
common ethnic ancestry.
➢ It also includes ideas of a culture shared between
members of the group, and with their ancestors.
 CREOLE NATIONALISM
➢ Refers to the ideology that emerged in independence
movements among the creoles (descendants of the
colonizers).
➢ Allegiance to the Napoleonic states was rejected, and
increasingly the creoles demanded independence.
➢ Creole nationalists sought independent nationhood
under Creole control. They typically did not give weight to
the native or mixed-race peoples who comprised the
great majority of the population in most Latin-American
colonies.
 NATIVIST NATIONALISM
➢ Similar to creole or territorial types of nationalism, but which
defines belonging to a nation solely by being born on its
territory.
➢ In countries where strong nativist nationalism exists, people
who were not born in the country are seen as lesser
nationals than those who were born there, and are called
“immigrants” even if they became naturalized.
➢ It is cultural as people will never see a foreign-born person as
one of them, and is legal, as such people are banned for life
from holding certain jobs, especially government jobs.
➢ This nationalism is common in the Americas, both in daily life
and in legal and work areas.
 ECONOMIC NATIONALISM

➢ Refers to an ideology that favors state

interventionism in the economy, with policies that
emphasize domestic control of the economy,
labor and capital formation, even if this
requires the imposition of tariffs and other
restrictions on the movement of labor, goods and
capital.
 RELIGIOUS NATIONALISM
➢ Religious nationalism is the relationship of
nationalism to a particular religious belief, dogma
or affiliation where a shared religion can be
seen to contribute to a sense of national unity, a
common bond among the citizens of the nation.
➢ Saudi Arabian, Iranian, Egyptian, Iraqi and the
Pakistani-Islamic nationalism are some examples.
 LEFT-WING NATIONALISM
Left-wing nationalism (occasionally known as socialist
nationalism) refers to any political movement that combines left-
wing politics and nationalism.

Many nationalist movements are dedicated to national

liberation, in the view that their nations are being persecuted
by other nations and thus need to exercise self-determination
by liberating themselves from the accused persecutors.

Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that

support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism
(equal) often in opposition to social hierarchy.
 TERRITORIAL NATIONALISM

Territorial nationalists assume that all inhabitants

of a particular nation owe allegiance (loyalty) to their
country of birth or adoption.
Citizenship is idealized by territorial nationalists.
 RACIAL NATIONALISM

Is an ideology that advocates a racial definition

of national identity. Racial nationalism seeks to
preserve a given race through policies such as
banning race mixing and the immigration of other
races. Specific examples are Black nationalism and
white nationalism
 SPORTS NATIONALISM

Sport spectacles command worldwide

audiences as nations battle for supremacy and
the fans invest intense support for their national
team.
Increasingly people have tied their loyalties and
even their cultural identity to national teams.
NATIONALISM V. PATRIOTISM
While both terms sound synonymous, as both terms are feelings of
affection for nation, the values on which they were based are distinct.

PATRIOTISM NATIONALISM
Liberty, Justice, Equality Belief that one’s nation is
superior to others
Do not degrade other countries Demise of other countries seen
as competitors
Proud of nation and what it Proud of nation whatever it
does does
Sense of accountability Blind stupidity
 Chapter 3:

FILIPINO
VALUES SYSTEM
 FILIPINO TRAITS AND VALUES
TRAITS
A distinguishing quality or characteristic

VALUES
Are individual beliefs that motivate people to act one way
or another. They serve as a guide for human behavior.

✓ The term KAPWA, or a shared inner self, lies at the core of

Filipino values and psychology.
✓ A person who treats another as a kapwa has a shared sense
of identity and consciousness with that other person.
 Positive Filipino Traits
1. Hospitality- heart-warming generosity and friendliness
2. Respect- use of “po” and “opo”
Pagmamano
Bowing to employers
3. Strong Family Ties and Religions
4. Generosity and Helpfulness
5. Strong Work Ethics
6. Loving and Caring
Negative Filipino Traits
1. Fatalism (‘Bahala Na”) Attitude
2. Manana Habit
3. Crab Mentality
4. Hypocrisy
5. Ningas Cogon
6. Tardiness (Filipino Time)
7. Gossiping
8. Blaming
9. Selfishness
10. Disobedience to Simple Rules and Instructions
11.Attention-taker
12.Onion-skinned
13.Living beyond Means
 THE FAMILY
• Filipinos are known to have strong family ties.
• This is why it’s common to see different generations or multiple families
living in a single residence.
• The family is at the center of the Filipino community
 THE FAMILY
• Children are not expected to leave their parents’ house until they
get married. Even after then, many couples opt to stay with or
close to their or their spouse’s parents.
• Also, they’re expected to care for their aging parents instead of
sending them to a retirement home.
 HUMOR AND POSITIVITY
Optimism, humor, and positivity are valued traits in the Philippines.
Filipinos love celebrations and festivities. The country has a long list of
national holidays, and many provinces and cities have their own sets of local
holidays. Meanwhile, they still find quality time for their families to celebrate
birthdays, Christmases, and other instances.
 At the same time, in the face of difficult or challenging
situations, members of the community are encouraged to look at the
brighter side of things.

In a place where natural calamities are commonplace, humor and

positivity work as a coping mechanism, much like how some children
laugh to hide their embarrassment after slipping or falling.
FLEXIBILITY AND ADAPTABILITY

• The term bahala na, which can be

translated to “whatever happens,
happens,” is one of the more familiar
phrases used in the country.
• It is perhaps the most representative
of how Filipinos value adaptability and
quick thinking.
• The expression exemplifies one’s
belief in a higher power and
submitting one’s fate to elements that
cannot be controlled.
FAITH AND RELIGION
• Spirituality is deeply embedded
in the Filipino culture. A form of
animism was already being
practiced in many pre-colonial
societies and Islam has been
firmly established in the
southern islands even before
the pre-Hispanic era.
• These days, religion still plays a
big part in society and the
everyday lives of Filipinos.
• The Catholic Church’s views
still affect the passing of
some laws, most towns still
hold fiestas to honor their
patron saints, and many
regular non-working national
holidays are dedicated to
celebrating various religious
activities and events.
• To many Filipinos, religion
helps shape their values and
principles.
 FILIPINO HOSPITALITY
• Filipinos are naturally hospitable
• Guests can be expected to extend a very warm welcome to their guests
regardless of where they come from, how well they know their host, and
why they’re visiting someone’s home.
• Hosts typically provide their guests with food and entertainment and, if
there’s time, a tour around the local destinations.

• In the Philippines, no one leaves with an empty stomach. Before they

leave, guests are even entreated to take home pasalubong or
souvenirs, which often come in the form of delicacies and local sweets.
RESPECT FOR THE ELDERLY
Filipinos have high regard for their elderly,
including their parents.
Even young adults still practice taking their
elders’ hands and saying “mano po” when
they arrive at their homes.
INDUSTRIOUS ATTITUDE
Another one of the great characteristics of
Filipinos is their being resourceful and
industrious.
They are determined to finish their set
goals despite difficult circumstances and
limited resources.
GENEROSITY
Filipinos are naturally helpful and generous people.
They give as much as they can and extend help to family members — and
even strangers — when needed.
This is seen through the abundance of charity drives and foundations in the
country, especially when calamities arise.
 Chapter 4:
FILIPINO HERITAGE,
THE FILIPINO LANGUAGE,
FOOD, SPORTS, AND MUSIC
 FILIPINO HERITAGE
UNESCO is the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization.

✓ It seeks to build peace through

international cooperation in education,
sciences and culture.

✓ The sites are judged to contain

"cultural and natural heritage around
the world considered to be of
outstanding value to humanity."
 MOUNT HAMIGUITAN RANGE WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY
Location: Davao Oriental
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 2014
Type: Natural
According to UNESCO, among the top reasons for Mount Hamiguitan
Range Wildlife Sanctuary’s inclusion in the list of heritage sites in the
Philippines is because it represents a complete, substantially intact,
and highly diverse mountain ecosystem, in a significant biogeographic
region of the Philippines.
 CHURCH OF SANTO TOMAS DE
VILLANUEVA
Location: Miag-ao, Iloilo
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 1993
Type: Cultural
Filipino master carvers incised the church’s entire surface. The church of
Santo Tomas de Villanueva is one of the best examples of the fusion of
the western Baroque style embellished with Filipino folk motifs. With
that being said, it’s not surprising why this church is among the UNESCO
World Heritage Sites Philippines.
 CHURCH OF NUESTRA SEÑORA DE LA
ASUNCION
Location: Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 1993
Type: Cultural
Its key features include an 85-step stairway that leads to a carving
of the Virgin Mary atop a tree, and a bell tower which was added in 1810.
The power and simplicity of its geometric forms, and its location, make
this UNESCO World Heritage Site Philippines an outstanding example of
Peripheral Baroque architecture.
 PAOAY CHURCH (CHURCH OF SAN
AGUSTIN)
Location: Paoay, Ilocos Norte
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 1993
Type: Cultural
This is one of the most notable “earthquake baroque” structures in the
country where the primary concern was to design the church for
earthquake protection.
Being one of UNESCO world heritage sites in the Philippines, Paoay
Church has become a top tourist destination in the region.
 CHURCH OF SAN AGUSTIN IN MANILA
Location: Intramuros, Manila
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 1993
Type: Cultural
The UNESCO World Heritage Site San Agustin Church, built between
1587 and 1606, is considered the oldest and longest-standing church in
the country. The church was the only structure left intact in Intramuros
during World War II.
 HISTORIC CITY OF VIGAN
Location: Ilocos Sur
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 1999
Type: Cultural
Established in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of a
planned Spanish colonial town in Asia according to UNESCO.
 PUERTO PRINCESA SUBTERRANEAN
RIVER NATIONAL PARK
Location: Puerto Princesa, Palawan
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 1999
Type: Natural
Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park is one of the world’s
most impressive cave systems. What makes it to the UNESCO World
Heritage Sites Philippines is its uniquely and impressive features of
spectacular limestone karst landscapes, pristine natural beauty, and
intact old-growth forests and distinctive wildlife.
 TUBBATAHA REEFS NATURAL PARK
Location: Palawan
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 1993, 2009
Type: Natural
One of the most remarkable heritage sites in the Philippines is the
Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park. Most people consider this UNESCO
World Heritage Site as every diver’s dream as it covers 130,028
hectares, including the North and South Reefs.
 RICE TERRACES OF THE PHILIPPINE
CORDILLERAS
Location: Ifugao Province
Year inscribed in UNESCO: 1995
Type: Cultural
While this UNESCO World Heritage Site was built a thousand years ago,
the traditional farming technique is still practiced to this day. That’s why
the Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras are an important part of
the Philippine culture and identity.

SOURCE: UNESCO World Heritage Sites Philippines: Updated List of Places (zenrooms.com)
World Heritage Sites | UNACOM (unesco.gov.ph)
 THE FILIPINO LANGUAGE
There are 175 estimated languages spoken in the Philippines. Almost
all are classified as Malayo-Polynesian languages. Among those languages,
there are 13 indigenous languages with nearly 1 million speakers.
 Transition of Filipino Language Usage
➢ Spanish era → 60% of population used Spanish as official language
➢ Early 1900s → decline of usage of Spanish after US occupation
➢ 1935 → English and Spanish named as official languages
➢ 1939 → Tagalog named as national language
➢ 1959 → Tagalog renamed to “Pilipino”
➢ 1973 → “Pilipino” renamed to “Filipino”
➢ Present → Constitution names Filipino and English as joint official languages
 FOOD
✓Filipinos are big eaters, even though it is not obviously
seen in their petite bodies.

✓The Philippines is known as Asia’s melting pot because of

the uniqueness and variety of their food.
 FOOD

✓Filipinos can’t go a day without including rice in their meals.

✓ They love plain rice matched with salted fish, chicken and
meat.
✓They serve rice first followed by the various viands they have
grown to eat and cook.
 SPORTS
➢The national sport of the Philippines is called Arnis,
a form of martial arts.
➢Filipinos love watching American games like basketball,
football and recently boxing which made the Philippines
more famous all over the world.
➢Filipino sports star, Manny Pacquiao, has been put on a
pedestal due to his skill in boxing and more Filipinos have
risen to stardom in the sports arena.
 MUSIC, ARTS AND LITERATURE
➢ Filipinos are very fond of music. They use various materials to
create sound. They love performing dances (Tinikling and Carinosa)
and group singing during festive celebrations.
 MUSIC, ARTS AND LITERATURE
➢ Settlers from Spain introduced to them a variety of musical instruments
like the ukulele, trumpet, drums and violin.
➢ Most of their music is contemporary and they have also learned to
write their own songs based on real-life events.
 MUSIC, ARTS AND LITERATURE
➢ People are also fond of folklore, which was influenced by the
early church and Spanish literature.
➢ Jose Rizal, the country’s national hero, is famous for his
literature and novels inspired by the independence story of the
country.
SOURCE: Philippine Culture | MNL.OP INC (mnlop.com.ph)
 Chapter 5:
THE PHILIPPINE FLAG,
SYMBOLISMS AND MEANING
 BRIEF HISTORY
First waived- General Emilio Aguinaldo’s declaration of independence from Spain.

But before this, several Katipunan Flags and war banners were made which stand
some similarity to the present national flag.
 RA 8491
"Flag and Heraldic Code of the
Philippines"
 Hoisting and Proper Display of the National Flag
The flag shall be displayed in all public buildings, official residences, public plazas, and institutions of
learning everyday throughout the year (Sec. 5).
 Hoisting and Proper Display of the National Flag

The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day and night, throughout the year, in front of the following
• Malacañang Palace;
• the Congress of the Philippines building:
• Supreme Court building;
• the Rizal Monument in Luneta, Manila;
• Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite;
• Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan;
• the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Libingan ng mga Bayani;
• Mausuleo de los Beteranos dela Revolucion; and
• All International Ports of Entry and all other places as may be designated by the Institute (Sec. 6).
The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day and night,
throughout the year
The flag shall be properly illuminated at night.

The flag shall also be displayed in private buildings and

residences raised in the open on flagstaffs in front of said
buildings on the following dates:

a. April 9 (Araw ng Kagitingan),

b. May 1 (Labor Day),
c. May 28 (National Flag Day) to June 12,
d. June 12 (Independence Day); e. August 9 (National
Heroes Day),
f. November 30 (Bonifacio Day);
g. December 30 (Rizal Day); and
h. on such other days as may be declared by the President
and/or local chief executives (Sec. 7).
Hoisting and Proper Display of the National Flag

The flag may also be displayed throughout the year in private

buildings or offices or raised in the open on flagstaffs in
front of private buildings, provided that they observe flag-
raising ceremonies in accordance with the rules and
regulations issued by the Office of the President.
Hoisting and Proper Display of the National Flag
All government agencies and instrumentalities as well
as local government offices, government-owned
corporations, and local government units are enjoined
to observe flag day with the appropriate ceremonies.
Socio-civic groups, non-government organizations (NGOs)
and the private sector are exhorted to cooperate in making
the celebrations a success (Sec. 8)
The flag shall be flown on merchant ships
of Philippine registry of more than one
thousand (1,000) gross tons and on all
naval vessels (Sec. 9)

On board naval vessels, the flag shall be

displayed on the flagstaff the stern when the
ship is at anchor. The flag shall be hoisted
to the gaff at the after mast when the ship is
at sea.
 Hoisting and Proper Display of the National Flag
The flag, if flown from a flagpole, shall have its blue field on top time of peace and the red
field on top in time of war; if in a hanging position, the blue field shall be to the right (left of
the observer) in time of peace, and the red field to the right (left of the observer) in time of war
(Sec. 10).
If planted on the ground, the flagpole
shall be at a prominent place and
shall be of such height as would give
the flag a commanding position in
relation to the buildings in the vicinity
(Sec. 11)

If attached to a building, the

flagpole shall be on top of its roof or
anchored on a sill projecting at an
upward angle.
A flag that has become worn out through wear and tear SHALL NOT BE
THROWN AWAY.
It shall be solemnly burned to avoid misuse or desecration. The flag shall
be replaced immediately when it begins to show signs of wear and tear.
The flag shall be raised at sunrise and lowered at sunset. It shall be
on the mast at the start of official office hours and should remain flying
throughout the day.
The flag may be displayed:
a. Inside or outside a building or on a stationary flagpole. If the flag is
displayed indoors on a flagpole, it shall be placed at the left of the observer
as one enters the room;
b. From the top of a flagpole, which shall be at a prominent place or a commanding position in relation to the
surrounding buildings;

c. From a staff projecting upward from the window sill, canopy, balcony, or facade of a building.

d. In a suspended position from a rope extending from a building to pole erected away from the building:
e. Flat against the wall vertically with the sun and stars on top; and
f. Hanging in a vertical position across a street, with the blue field pointing
east, if the road is heading south or north, or pointing north if the road is
heading east or west (Sec. 16).
• The flag shall be hoisted to the top
briskly and lowered ceremoniously
(Sec. 17).

• The flag shall never touch anything

beneath it, such as the ground, flood,
water, or other objects.

• After being lowered, the flag shall be

handled and folded solemnly as part of
the ceremony.
The Flag-Raising Ceremony
All government offices and educational institutions shall hence forth observe the flag raising
ceremony every Monday morning and the flag lowering ceremony every Friday afternoon.

The ceremony shall be simple and dignified and must include the playing or singing of the
Philippine National Anthem (Sec, 18).
Half-mast
The flag shall be flown at half-mast as a sign of mourning on all buildings
and places where it is displayed, as provided for in this Act, on the day of the
official announcement of the death of any of the following officials:

a. The President or a former President, for ten (10) days

b. The Vice-President, the Chief Justice, the President of the Senate, and the
Speaker of the House of Representatives, for seven (7) days; and

c. Other persons to be determined by the Institute, for any period less than
seven (7) days (Sec. 23).
 The flag shall also be flown at half-mast on all the buildings and places where the
decedent was holding office, on the day of death until the day of interment of an incumbent
member of the Supreme Court, the Cabinet, the Senate or the House of Representatives, and such
other persons as may be determined by the Institute.
The flag, when flown at
half-mast, shall be first hoisted to the
peak for a moment and then lowered
to the half-mast position. The flag
shall again be raised briskly to the
peak before it is lowered for the day.
Casket
The flag may be used to cover the caskets of the honored dead of the military,
veterans of previous wars, national artists, and of civilians who have rendered
distinguished service to the nation, as may be determined by the local
government unit concerned.

In these cases, the flag shall be placed in such a way that the white triangle
shall be at the head and the blue portion shall cover the right side of the
caskets.

The flag shall not be lowered to the grave nor should

it be allowed to touch the ground; rather, it shall be
folded solemnly and handed over to the heirs of the
deceased (Sec. 24).
Prohibited Acts
The following shall be prohibited:

a. To mutilate, deface, defile, trample on or cast contempt. and any act or

omission casting dishonor or ridicule upon the flag over its surface;

b. To dip the flag to any person or object by way of compliment or salute;

c. To use the flag:

1. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth
2. As covering for ceilings, walls, statues or other objects;
3. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles;
4. As a staff or whip;
5. For unveiling monuments or statues; and
6. As trademarks or for industrial, commercial, or agricultural labels or designs.
Prohibited Acts
d. To display the flag under the following conditions:

1. Under any painting or picture:

2. Horizontally face-up. It shall always be hoisted aloft and be allowed
to fall freely;
3. Below any platform: or
4. In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling
joints and places of vice or where frivolity prevails.

e. To wear the flag in whole or in part as a costume or uniform;

f. To add any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawings,

advertisements, or imprint of any nature on the flag,
Prohibited Acts
g. To print, paint, or attach a representation of the flag on handkerchiefs,
napkins, cushions, and other articles of merchandise;

h. To display in public any foreign flag, except in embassies and other

diplomatic establishments, and in offices of international organizations;

i. To use, display, or be part of any advertisement of infomercial, and

j. To display the flag in front of buildings or offices occupied by aliens (Sec. 34).
HB 5224 Proposed Amendments